50-707: USS Freedom (LCS-1) is the lead ship of the Freedom -class littoral combat ship for the United States Navy . She is the third vessel to be so named after the concept of freedom . She is the design competitor produced by the Lockheed Martin consortium, in competition with the General Dynamics –designed USS Independence . She was officially accepted by the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Gulf Coast, on behalf of
100-435: A 3-axis crane for positioning modules or cargo. The fore deck has a modular weapons zone which can be used for a BAE Systems Mk 110 57 mm (2.2 in) gun mount or missile launcher. A Rolling Airframe Missile launcher is mounted above the hangar for short-range defense against aircraft and cruise missiles, and .50 caliber (12.7 mm) gun mounts are provided topside. The core crew will be 40 sailors, usually joined by
150-477: A U.S. Coast Guard Law Enforcement Detachment . She was expected to be dry docked in San Diego's Nassco shipyard so that her outer starboard waterjet could be replaced. On 12 September 2010, the starboard Rolls-Royce MT30 gas turbine broke down and the ship had to rely on her diesel engines to return to port. CNO Roughead said that the media had overhyped the issue and that such breakdowns were not uncommon. During
200-526: A consensus behind the notion that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of the effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals." According to MIT economist David Autor , the "CBO has a good track record with a very difficult assignment. It errs, but not systematically or with partisan intent." According to Yale economist Christopher Udry , "There
250-408: A fight between President Richard Nixon and a Democratic -controlled Congress . Congress wanted to protect its power of the purse from the executive. The CBO was created "within the legislative branch to bolster Congress's budgetary understanding and ability to act. Lawmakers' aim was both technical and political: Generate a source of budgetary expertise to aid in writing annual budgets and lessen
300-524: A heavy-weather ocean trial in February 2011, the ship developed a six-inch (150 mm) crack in its hull that leaked 5 US gallons (19 L) of water an hour. The Navy proceeded to investigate, the problem appearing to be due to faulty welds rather than a design error. The repairs were scheduled to begin on 27 June 2011, and last until 19 September. In February 2012, Freedom suffered minor flooding while underway off Southern California. An inflatable boot seal
350-749: A mid-year update. The agency also each year issues An Analysis of the President's Budgetary Proposals for the upcoming fiscal year per a standing request of the Senate Committee on Appropriations . These three series are designated essential titles distributed to Federal Depository Libraries and are available for purchase from the Government Publishing Office . The CBO often provides testimony in response to requests from various Congressional committees and issues letters responding to queries made by members of Congress. The Congressional Budget Office
400-479: A mission package crew and an aviation detachment for a total crew of about 75. Automation allows a reduced crew, which greatly reduces operating costs, but workload can still be "grueling". Four 800 kilowatts (1,100 hp) Fincantieri Isotta-Fraschini diesel generators provide 3.2 megawatts (4,300 hp) of electrical power to power the ship systems. Freedom has relaxed stability so it can rapidly change course. The operational concept includes deployment of
450-470: A new paint scheme and apply another fix for the aft ramp, she departed for Singapore , with a core crew of 50, plus 3 trainees, plus a mission crew with berthing for 98. Additional crew above that level will again be bedded in the cargo spaces. On 15 January 2013, the U.S. Defense Department's director of operational test and evaluation released a judgement of the LCS in an annual study. The report said that Freedom
500-508: A return to port. The frequent breakdowns found the crew short of the Navy's sleep requirement, even with the maximum possible core crew and help from contractors and the mission module crew. Although billed as a trip for training and international cooperation exercises, Freedom conducted standard patrols while in the South China Sea . Despite suffering several breakdowns, the deployment was deemed
550-502: A success from a research and development platform standpoint; while deployed for 10 months, the ship had 70 percent availability, on par with most other forward deployed ships in the fleet. In November 2013, Freedom delivered relief supplies to the Philippines , in the wake of Typhoon Haiyan , from 16 nmi (30 km; 18 mi) off shore, using her own and another ship's helicopters. From 25 April–16 May 2014, Freedom conducted
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#1732851711875600-463: A term of office, the person serving as Director may continue in the position until his or her successor is appointed. The list of directors of the CBO are: Whereas politicians on both sides of the aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. A March 2017 survey of leading economists shows
650-704: A theme by which vessels in the class are named, as in the Royal Navy 's Tribal-class frigates , named after tribes of the world, such as HMS Mohawk . If a ship class is produced for another navy, the first active unit will become the lead ship for that navy; for example, the Oliver Hazard Perry -class frigates are known as the Adelaide class in Royal Australian Navy service. Congressional Budget Office The Congressional Budget Office ( CBO )
700-735: A two or three-ship squadron to operate in the littorals to counter anti-access forces and to support the operations of the U.S. Navy and other friendly surface ships. The operational concept is in direct support of the U.S. Navy's Maritime Strategy, "A Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower". Principal capabilities include shallow-water anti-submarine warfare, mine countermeasures and defense against attacking small boats. LCS ships are to be networked to share tactical information with other units. Freedom will be initially based in San Diego with two crews which will alternate four-month tours of sea duty. The Congressional Budget Office estimates that fuel will account for only "8 percent to 18 percent" of
750-536: Is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress. Inspired by California's Legislative Analyst's Office that manages the state budget in a strictly nonpartisan fashion, the CBO was created as a nonpartisan agency by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 . Whereas politicians on both sides of
800-616: Is divided into nine divisions. The Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate jointly appoint the CBO Director after considering recommendations from the two budget committees. The term of office is four years, with no limit on the number of terms a director may serve. Either house of Congress, however, may remove the director by resolution. At the expiration of
850-644: Is no credible evidence of partisan bias." Economist Walter E. Williams , a classical liberal , wrote in 1998 that the CBO was well-regarded for its "honest numbers" on fiscal and economic matters. According to the Los Angeles Times , "the CBO's analyses and forecasting are regarded as good or better than others doing similar work... economists say that the CBO's economic projections generally compare favorably against other outfits, and its long-term budget estimates have been fairly accurate." According to George Washington University political scientist Sarah Binder,
900-510: Is quite surprising, in a sense, given the partisan nature of the Congress. It is not necessarily that these partisans have embraced nonpartisanship as a positive end in itself, however. Rather, the Budget Committees (and especially their leadership and staff) have recognized that a weak CBO (one that does not have a reputation for objective analysis, and whose conclusions are viewed as partisan)
950-453: Is very flat which, combined with an angular design, makes it difficult for radar systems to detect. The ship is 387.6 ft (118 m) in length, displaces 3,400 long tons (3,450 t) fully loaded and can exceed 40 knots (74 km/h; 46 mph). The design incorporates a large reconfigurable seaframe to allow rapidly interchangeable mission modules, a flight deck with integrated helicopter launch, recovery and handling system and
1000-556: The Executive branch . This includes projections on the effect on national debt and cost estimates for legislation. Section 202(e) of the Budget Act requires the CBO to submit periodic reports about fiscal policy to the House and Senate budget committees to provide baseline projections of the federal budget. This is currently done by preparation of an annual Economic and Budget Outlook plus
1050-559: The CBO "has emerged over its history as a neutral analyst of congressional budgets and cost estimates for proposed legislation." The agency has "a nonpartisan staff culture". Historically, the House Budget Committee and Senate Budget Committee have insulated the CBO from external pressures and attempts to politicize or weaken the office. Professor Philip Joyce of the University of Maryland School of Public Policy writes: This
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#17328517118751100-702: The Congressional budget process." Each year, the agency releases reports and cost estimates for proposed legislation, without issuing any policy recommendations. With respect to estimating spending for Congress, the Congressional Budget Office serves a purpose parallel to that of the Joint Committee on Taxation for estimating revenue for Congress, the Department of the Treasury for estimating revenues for
1150-530: The Independence-class ship USS Coronado . [REDACTED] This article includes information collected from the Naval Vessel Register , which, as a U.S. government publication, is in the public domain . The entry can be found here . Lead ship The lead ship , name ship , or class leader is the first of a series or class of ships that are all constructed according to
1200-620: The Navy confirmed that Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Gary Roughead , had ordered a study of an early deployment of Freedom , before the expected date of 2012. Anonymous sources inside Lockheed Martin, reported that Roughead, wanted to use the first LCS to patrol for pirates off the coast of Somalia . On 13 October 2009, the Department of Defense announced Freedom would be deployed two years ahead of schedule. For this deployment 20 additional sailors will be carried for Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure operations in two shipping containers in
1250-545: The U.S. Navy's Board of Inspection and Survey (INSURV) conducted acceptance trials aboard Freedom , 17–21 August. INSURV found the ship to be "capable, well-built and inspection-ready" and recommended that the Chief of Naval Operations authorize delivery of the ship. Because the trials were conducted in Lake Michigan , some ship systems, including aviation and combat systems, could not be demonstrated. Systems not demonstrated during
1300-718: The US Navy, from the Lockheed Martin/Marinette Marine/Gibbs and Cox team, in Marinette , Wisconsin, on 18 September 2008. She is designed for a variety of missions in shallow waters, minesweeping and humanitarian relief, capable against submarines and small ships, but not designed to take on large warships. The ship is a semi-planing monohull design capable of over 40 knots (74 km/h; 46 mph). Commissioned in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on 8 November 2008, Freedom
1350-413: The aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. There is a consensus among economists that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of
1400-408: The capability to launch and recover boats (crewed and uncrewed) from both the stern and side. The flight deck is 1.5 times the size of that of a standard surface ship, and uses a Trigon traversing system to move helicopters in and out of the hangar. The ship has two ways to launch and recover various mission packages: a stern ramp and a starboard side door near the waterline. The mission module bay has
1450-419: The coast of Colombia , the ship pursued a possible drug-running boat. The boat fled back into Colombian coastal waters and Freedom ' s crew recovered 500 lb (230 kg) of cocaine that had been dumped overboard by the boat's crew. On 4 April 2010, Freedom entered the 3rd Fleet area of responsibility; carrying Helicopter Sea Combat Squadron 22 , Det. 2, a LCS Surface Warfare Mission Package, and
1500-712: The diesel engines shut down. On 18 April, Freedom arrived at the Changi Naval Base in Singapore, set to participate in joint military exercises. On 18–19 May, Freedom participated in the Republic of Singapore Navy 's Open House 2013 at Changi Naval Base. Visitors to the Open House were allowed to board and visit Freedom . On 21 May, Freedom ' s first venture from Singapore harbor was cut short by another equipment failure, followed on 20 July 2013, by another breakdown requiring
1550-400: The effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals." The Congressional Budget Office was created by Title II of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93-344), which was signed into law by President Richard Nixon on July 12, 1974. Official operations began on February 24, 1975, with Alice Rivlin as director. The CBO's creation stems from
USS Freedom (LCS-1) - Misplaced Pages Continue
1600-465: The first one is completed, launched and tested. Nevertheless, building copies is still more efficient and cost effective than building prototypes , and the lead ship will usually be followed by copies with some improvements rather than radically different versions. The improvements will sometimes be retrofitted to the lead ship. Occasionally, the lead ship will be launched and commissioned for shakedown testing before following ships are completed, making
1650-610: The future concept of operations ( CONOPS ) for crewed and uncrewed helicopters aboard littoral combat ships. Operations had the crewed MH-60R working together with the uncrewed MQ-8B Fire Scout . The demonstration included one MH-60R/S Seahawk and one MQ-8B flying with the surface warfare (SUW) mission package installed, intended to provide fleet protection against small boats and asymmetric threats. In March 2015, Freedom completed rough water trials to demonstrate seaworthiness and structural integrity, collecting data while operating in sea states 5 and 6 for 11 days. In February 2020, it
1700-503: The lead ship a combination of template and prototype, rather than expending resources on a prototype that will never see actual use. Ship classes are typically named in one of two ways; echoing the name of the lead ship, such as the Pennsylvania -class battleships , whose lead ship was USS Pennsylvania , and the Olympic class , whose lead ship was RMS Olympic , or defining
1750-557: The legislature's reliance on the president's Office of Management and Budget ." In 2015, the Brookings Institution reported that since its creation, the CBO has since supplanted the OMB "as the authoritative source of information on the economy and the budget in the eyes of Congress, the press, and the public." The Congressional Budget Office is nonpartisan , and produces "independent analyses of budgetary and economic issues to support
1800-779: The mission module cargo area. These containers will not include sanitary facilities, so they will be forced to use the ones in the ship's berthing spaces. About half of the 20 member boarding team will be temporarily replaced with United States Coast Guard law enforcement officers for some portion of the deployment. John C. Harvey, Jr. , said that while the deployment was a success, manning may need adjustment. In her limited time at sea, Freedom has been "plagued by flawed designs and failed equipment since being commissioned, has at least 17 known cracks, and has repeatedly been beset by engine-related failures". On 15 February 2010, Freedom set sail from Naval Station Mayport on its first deployment to support SOUTHCOM operations. On 22 February, off
1850-523: The other, USS Independence (LCS-2) , is a trimaran built by a team led by General Dynamics ' Bath Iron Works and Austal USA in Mobile , Alabama. Freedom is designed to be a fast, maneuverable, and networked surface combatant for missions such as anti-mine warfare, anti-submarine warfare, surface warfare and humanitarian relief. The ship is a semi-planing steel monohull with an aluminum superstructure. The friction stir welded aluminum deckhouse
1900-440: The same general design . The term is applicable to naval ships and large civilian vessels. Large ships are very complex and may take five to ten years to build. Improvements based on experience with building and operating the lead ship are likely to be incorporated into the design or construction of later ships in the class, so it is rare to have vessels that are identical. The second and later ships are often started before
1950-452: The ship away from Marinette, Wisconsin, prior to the winter freeze was a higher priority than timely correction of starred deficiencies. The Navy intends to correct remaining deficiencies during planned post-delivery maintenance availabilities." One of the issues with the ship is that it is six percent overweight and therefore more likely to sink if damaged. This seems to have been caused by design changes during construction. The Navy says that
2000-415: The ship will require special operating procedures until this is corrected. The workaround selected will be to install external tanks for additional buoyancy. The Navy stated that Freedom now meets the damage stability requirement with the addition of the external tanks and that the design of USS Fort Worth (LCS-3) includes additional stability improvements. Other issues include difficulty with
2050-516: The ship's "tracking and engagement of contacts". In early 2013, the vessel took part in the National Geographic TV movie Inside: 21st Century Warship along with Independence . Freedom left for a 10-month deployment to Singapore, in March 2013. On 11 March 2013, Freedom became the first LCS to reach Hawaii . On 16 March, while en route to Singapore, the ship briefly lost power when one of
USS Freedom (LCS-1) - Misplaced Pages Continue
2100-468: The slow speed operations required for deep sea refueling, no ability to UNREP other supplies aboard other than by helicopter, and problems with side-door launches of remotely operated vehicles. Freedom was delivered to the Navy on 18 September 2008, and commissioned in Milwaukee , on 8 November 2008, Commanders Donald D. Gabrielson, (CO Blue) and Michael P. Doran, (CO Gold) in command. On 12 June 2009,
2150-463: The total life-cycle costs for Freedom . Senator Jeff Sessions has called the report into question and has suggested that Independence , built in his state, would be more fuel efficient and that less frequent refuelings would affect military operations beyond the cost of fuel. The construction contract was awarded to Lockheed Martin 's LCS team (Lockheed Martin, Gibbs & Cox , Marinette Marine , Bollinger Shipyards ) on 15 December 2004. Her keel
2200-701: The trials were to be presented to INSURV in early 2009 trials in Norfolk, and in the open ocean. The inspection discovered 2,600 total discrepancies, of which 21 were considered high-priority deficiencies. "As part of LCS 1 acceptance trials, the Navy’s Board of Inspection and Survey (INSURV) identified 21 critical 'starred' deficiencies and recommended the Chief of Naval Operations authorize delivery of LCS-1 after correction or waiver of these deficiencies. According to Navy officials, only 9 of these deficiencies were corrected prior to delivery. Navy officials report that transiting
2250-638: Was "not expected to be survivable" in combat. Helicopters on board the ship cannot tow its mine-hunting sensors, so it must rely on uncrewed systems for mine countermeasures, although those systems are not in service, and will not be for several years. Her 30 mm (1.2 in) Mk44 Bushmaster IIs "exhibit reliability problems". The 57 mm Mk 110 gun is differently designed on the Freedom class, which cause vibrations at high speeds that make accurate firing difficult. The integrated weapons systems and air/surface search radar have "performance deficiencies" that affect
2300-610: Was announced that the Navy plans to retire Freedom and its sister ship Fort Worth after 12 and 8 years of service respectively. On 20 June 2020, the Navy announced that Freedom would be decommissioned on 21 March 2021. In February 2021, then Navy pushed back Freedom 's decommissioning to 30 September 2021. As of February 2024, the USS Freedom is docked at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, Washington alongside
2350-499: Was deployed in a successful effort to contain the flooding, and the ship returned to San Diego, on its own power. This marked a return to the dry dock before the ship even completed its last post-repair shakedown. A "special trial" conducted in May 2012, found the ship fit for the deployment. In July 2012, Freedom was dry docked in order to expand berthing by 20 and for firefighting and boat handling improvements. After another docking to apply
2400-464: Was home-ported in San Diego , and assigned to Littoral Combat Ship Squadron One . On 20 June 2020, the US Navy announced that they would be taking Freedom out of commission in March 2021, and placing her, along with Independence , Fort Worth , and Coronado in reserve. She was decommissioned on 29 September 2021. Freedom is the first of two dramatically different LCS designs being produced;
2450-526: Was laid down on 2 June 2005, by Marinette Marine in Marinette , Wisconsin. The ship was sponsored by Birgit Smith, the widow of United States Army Sergeant 1st Class Paul Ray Smith , who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor in Operation Iraqi Freedom . Her initials are welded on the ship's keel. The couple's Saint Christopher medal and wedding bands are embedded in the ship's mast. Freedom
2500-512: Was launched on 23 September 2006, cost overruns during Freedom ' s construction, combined with projected future overruns, led the government to issue a "Stop-work" in January 2007. On 25 April 2008, the New York Times ran a highly critical article, arguing that both Freedom and competitor Independence demonstrated a failure of the Navy's littoral combat ship program. Prior to delivery,
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