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62-508: While the dam's reservoir was filling, several cracks appeared in the dam and it took more than a decade of repairs before the reservoir could operate at maximum levels. Currently, the Reisseck II pumped-storage power plant is under construction and will effectively connect both the Malta and Reisseck groups and add an additional 430 MW of production capacity. Plans for the dam were already drafted in

124-425: A wingspan of 17.5 m (57 ft 5 in); was powered by an eight-cylinder engine producing 75 hp; unloaded weight was 850 kg; and could attain a speed of 65 km/h (40 mph). From 1912, the construction of airplanes proceeded in mixed wood and steel tube construction with fabric covering. One of the planes designed and built was a Riesenflugzeug ("giant aircraft") AEG R.I . This aircraft

186-592: A factor. The site at Brunnenstraße in the former Berlin district of Wedding was also sold, as were the firms AEG-Fabrik Essen and Bauknecht . AEG played an important role in the history of the German railways; the company was involved in the development and manufacture of the electrical parts of almost all German electric locomotive series and contributed to the introduction of electrical power in German railways. Additionally many steam locomotives were made in AEG factories. In 1931

248-808: A guarantee by the federal government. Not only was AEG-Telefunken AG affected, but also its subsidiaries Küppersbusch AG in Gelsenkirchen , Hermann Zanker Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG in Tübingen and Carl Neff GmbH in Bretten . The Alno-Möbelwerke GmbH & Co. KG in Pfullendorf was taken over by the minority shareholders, and separated from the group. The suppliers to AEG were affected and some filed for bankruptcy—including Becher & Co. Möbelfabriken KG in Bühlertann —with lack of continuity of company policy

310-642: A hydro electric power plant in Lauffen am Neckar to Frankfurt , where it lit 1000 light bulbs and drove an artificial waterfall at the International Electrotechnical Exhibition in Frankfurt am Main . This success marked one of beginnings of the general use of alternating current for electrification in Germany, and showed that distance transmission of electric power could be economically useful. In

372-503: A popular bungee jumping venue. The dam lies within the High Tauern National Park and is a destination for mountaineers as well. Moreover, the reservoir is used by rowers for altitude training . Download coordinates as: AEG (German company) Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AG ( German for 'General electricity company JSC '; AEG ) was a German producer of electrical equipment . It

434-471: A time and pipes with circulating water were placed throughout the mass. The structure consisted of 30 columns with each joint grouted . Construction conditions high in the valley were not ideal as workers coped with snow and rain along with wind speeds of 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph; 43 kn). By 1977, construction on the dam had reached an advanced stage where it could begin to impound its reservoir. While filling with water, cracks began to appear in

496-557: Is eventually pumped via the Upper storage pumped-storage station into the Kölnbrein reservoir. When generating electricity, water from the upper Kölnbrein reservoir is released about 200 m (656 ft) back down to the Upper stage power plant. The upper stage consists of two reversible Francis turbine generators with a total installed capacity of 120 MW. Water can then be released back through 20.4 km (13 mi) of pipeline south towards

558-412: Is exceptionally strong on the center-bottom (heel) upstream portion of the dam. As excessive water leaked into lower areas of the dam, the water level was drawn down and engineers increased drainage. In 1979, the grout curtain was strengthened and another full impoundment was unsuccessfully attempted. Between 1980 and 1981, a polyurethane resin grout was used to re-grout joints and they were frozen during

620-496: The AEG-Telefunken Aktiengesellschaft (which was renamed to AEG Aktiengesellschaft ) and wholly integrated the company in 1996 into Daimler-Benz AG (1998: DaimlerChrysler ). The remains of AEG became part of Adtranz (later Bombardier Transportation ) and Deutsche Aerospace (1998: DASA, today part of Airbus SE ). After acquiring the AEG household subsidiary AEG Hausgeräte GmbH in 1994, Electrolux obtained

682-541: The Drava (Drau) River, water is diverted through a 2.5 km (2 mi) canal on the right bank of the river which converts into a 1.75 km (1 mi) long tunnel which feeds the Lower stage (Möllbrücke) power station. It is powered by two Kaplan turbine generators with an installed capacity of 120 MW. From the Lower stage, water is discharged into the Drau upstream from the mouth of

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744-745: The Reisseck mountains runs downhill towards the valley of the Möll River. Water is principally received from sources and Kreuzeck mountains to the south though. Of the power plant group, the Reisseck-Kreuzeck plants were constructed between 1948 and 1961 and the Malta group from 1971 to 1979. On the south side of the Möll River, water is used to generate power at the Niklai power station near Sachsenburg . From there,

806-737: The Villgraten Mountains and the Rieserferner Group it forms the mountain range of the Hohe Tauern (High Tauern). The Ankogel Group is located in the Austrian federal states of Salzburg and Carinthia . Its highest peak is the Hochalmspitze , 3,360  m (AA) (11,020 ft). The Ankogel Group is the easternmost mountain group of the High Tauern and lies on the main chain of

868-488: The 1920s AEG became a global supplier of electrical know-how and equipment. In 1923, for example, it provided most of the essential materials and a team of engineers to oversee the electrification of British-ruled Palestine. British firms, at the time, could not compete with the prices of AEG The activity of the company soon extended to all areas of electrical power engineering, including electric lighting, electric power, electric railways, electro-chemical plants, as well as

930-479: The 320 built, as the sole surviving World War One German multi-engine bomber. During the Second World War AEG produced machines for reconnaissance purposes, including a helicopter platform driven by an AC motor. This was a tethered craft that could not fly freely; the power supply was carried by three cables from the ground. The machine reached an altitude of 300 m. AEG bought Kühlstein in 1902, founding

992-855: The Alps . The Lower Tauern begin further east. The range gets its name from the Ankogel mountain. 3,252 m (10,669 ft). The Ankogel Group can be further divided into the sub-groups of the Ankogel Massif, the Hochalmspitze Group, the Hafner Group and the Reißeck Group south of the Möll Valley . It comprises the picturesque Maltatal ("valley of falling waters") with the Fallbach Waterfall and

1054-508: The Berlin rail network, but there was no rail connection between the two plants. In 1895 an underground railway link between the two plots was built in a tunnel 270 meters long. The tunnel was built by Siemens & Halske (S & H) (later to become Siemens ) under the direction of C. Schwebel and Wilhelm Lauter who were also connected in the building of what is now the Spree tunnel Stralau used by

1116-456: The Maltatal, the former construction site road, including a restaurant, a hotel and an exhibition on hydroelectricity. Verbund also offers tours of the power plant group and the dam. Tours on the dam are conducted daily while the road is open between 9 May and 26 October each year. In 2010 a "skywalk", a horseshoe-shaped cantilever bridge, was installed on top of the dam for visitors which is also

1178-570: The Möll River Valley. Ultimately, it will drop from 1,704 m (5,591 ft) above sea level to 598 m (1,962 ft) through two 1.9 km (1 mi) penstocks where the Main stage (Rottau) power plant is located. The Main stage is operated by four Pelton turbines with an installed capacity of 730 MW. Water released from this plant enters Rottau reservoir on the Möll. Prior its confluence with

1240-596: The Möll. The turbines are up to 92% efficient . Verbund began constructing the Reisseck II pumped-storage station in 2010, and started testing in 2016. It uses the Grosser Mühldorfer reservoir as an upper reservoir and the Gösskar reservoir as its lower. A 5.3 km (3 mi) ø7m headrace tunnel from the Grosser Mühldorfer was excavated and connects to the existing headrace tunnel of the Rottau main stage. Feeding water into

1302-620: The Nazis, especially in promoting re-armament of the Wehrmacht , Luftwaffe , and Kriegsmarine . During the war itself, they were to use large numbers of forced labourers as well as concentration camp prisoners, under inhuman conditions of work. AEG worked extensively with the Nazi party in Poland. AEG was forced to relinquish Kabelwerk Krakow, a cable manufacturing plant, to the Nazi party . Kabelwerk Krakow

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1364-503: The Reisseck II power station is a 817 m (2,680 ft) long penstock. The power station is located 200 m (656 ft) underground and contains two 215 MW reversible- Francis turbines . It has a total installed capacity of 430 MW and increases the overall capacity of the power plant group by 40%; from 1,026 to 1,459 MW. Cost was €400 million. The Kölnbrein Dam is the terminus of a 14.3 kilometres (8.9 mi) long scenic route through

1426-526: The Reisseck scheme of plants which all together have an installed capacity of 138 MW. In the Malta group, water from the Rottau reservoir down in the Möll River Valley is pumped via the Main stage (Rottau) to the Galgenbichl reservoir below the Kölnbrein. Along the tunneled route, the Gösskar reservoir, and various tributaries provide additional water via pipeline as well. Water storage in the Galgenbichl reservoir

1488-583: The Russian occupied zone and were lost. The headquarters for the non-expropriated parts of the company was moved first to Hamburg and then finally to Frankfurt am Main , the headquarters in Berlin having been destroyed. In 1970, AEG-Telefunken had 178,000 employees worldwide, and was the 12th largest electrical company in the world. The company was burdened by, among other things, unsuccessful projects such as an automated baggage conveyor system at Frankfurt Airport and nuclear powerplant construction. In particular,

1550-541: The U-Bahn. By 1889 AEG were known as specialists in the construction of industrial portable drilling machines, some of these were driven by flexible shafts from electric motors. AEG also developed a toothed belt drive to reduce motor speed down to that required by machine tools. In 1903 the competing radio companies AEG and Siemens & Halske merged, forming a joint subsidiary named Telefunken . In 1907 architect Peter Behrens became an artistic adviser. Responsible for

1612-775: The company acquired Borsig and transferred the locomotive production to the AEG-Borsig works ( Borsig Lokomotiv-Werke GmbH ) from the Borsig plant in Tegel. In 1948 the plant became VEB Lokomotivbau Elektrotechnische Werke . In addition to numerous electric locomotives produced for the DR steam locomotive production continued until 1954. When the Federal Republic of Germany began implementing AC propulsion systems AEG found itself in competition with Brown, Boveri & Cie . The prototype DB Class E320

1674-473: The company soon became involved in AC electric transmission systems. In 1907, Peter Behrens was appointed as artistic consultant to AEG. This led to the creation of the company's initial corporate identity , with products and advertising sharing common design features. The company expanded in the first half of the 20th century, and it is credited with a number of firsts and inventions in electrical engineering. During

1736-420: The company was renamed Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AEG- Telefunken (from 1979 on only AEG-Telefunken ). The company experienced financial difficulties during the 1970s, resulting in the sale of some assets. In 1983, the consumer electronics division Telefunken Fernseh und Rundfunk GmbH was sold. In 1985, the company re-took the name AEG and the remainder of the company was acquired by Daimler-Benz ;

1798-680: The construction of steam turbines, automobiles, cables and cable materials. In the first decades, the company had many factories in and around Berlin: A number of other notable events involving AEG occurred in this period: On 20 June 1915, founder Emil Rathenau died at age 77. AEG donated 60,000 Reichsmarks to the Nazi party after the Secret Meeting of 20 February 1933 at which the twin goals of complete power and national rearmament were explained by Hitler. They joined with other large companies, such as IG Farben , Thyssen and Krupp , in their support of

1860-410: The dam on its upstream heel when the reservoir level was 42 metres (138 ft) below its maximum operating level of 1,902 metres (6,240 ft) above sea level. Uplift pressure on the dam had unexpectedly increased as well and engineers worried that the structure's grout curtain had been damaged. Because the dam is in a U-shaped valley instead of the usual V-shaped for arch dams, hydrostatic pressure

1922-526: The dam were re-grouted again but with a water-tight resin epoxy. The reservoir was able to operate at maximum levels and operate as normal in 1993. The water in the reservoir is used to generate electricity. It is drawn down as electric load demands. Because the catchment area around the dam can only supply half the needed water to sustain its reservoir levels, a series pumps and pumped-storage power plants are utilized to supplement storage capacity. These pumps operate during periods of low power demand, filling

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1984-402: The design of all products, advertising and architecture, he has since become considered as the world's first corporate designer. Behren's philosophy was to create a building which is solid, strong and simple in its structure. It is perfect for doing its job of producing large, heavy machinery. The dimensions of the building were chosen to allow turbines to be transported above other machinery. In

2046-802: The division Neue Automobil Gesellschaft (New Automobile Company), to make cars . AEG withdrew from car production in 1908. Ankogel Group The Ankogel Group ( German : Ankogelgruppe ) is a sub-group of the Central Eastern Alps . Together with the Goldberg Group , the Glockner Group , the Schober Group , the Kreuzeck Group , the Granatspitze Group , the Venediger Group ,

2108-582: The early wartime Spreewerk P38s. In an effort to express regret for its use of Jewish slave labour in World War II , AEG joined with Rheinmetall , Siemens , Krupp , and I G Farben to pay DEM 75 million in reparations to the Jewish Claims Conference . In 1945, after the Second World War, the production in the factories in the western sectors of Berlin - what today is the building of

2170-426: The form of a 70 m (230 ft) tall "thrust block" that had to be constructed at the downstream base of the dam in order to absorb load from the dam and pressure on its abutments. Its construction was approved in 1988 and executed between 1989 and 1992. Joining the dam and the block are over 600 special neoprene pads which adjust to forces from the reservoir rising and lowering. In addition, joints and fissures in

2232-623: The formation of the Städtischen Elektrizitätswerke (A.G.StEW) ("City electricity works company (Berlin)") on 8 May 1884. The original factory was located near Stettiner Bahnhof . In 1887 the company acquired land in the Berlin-Gesundbrunnen area on which the Weddingsche Maschinenfabrik (founded by Wilhelm Wedding ) was previously located. In the same year, in addition to a restructuring and expansion of

2294-937: The headquarters of DW (TV)Deutsche Welle - and Nuremberg , Stuttgart and Mulheim an der Ruhr resumed and further new works were erected, among others an Electric meter plant in Hameln . The steam and electric locomotive plant in Hennigsdorf ( Fabriken Hennigsdorf ) became a Volkseigener Betrieb (VEB) (people owned enterprise) as the Lokomotivbau Elektrotechnische Werke (LEW) ("electric locomotive works"). The cable plant ( Draht-, Kabel- und Metallwerk Oberspree ) and apparatus factory ( Apparatefabrik Treptow ) and other facilities also lay in East Germany and became Sowjetische Aktiengesellschaft (SAG) (Soviet joint stock companies). Over 90% of assets in Berlin lay in

2356-658: The high costs and limitations. By the end of the 19th century, AEG had constructed 248 power stations, providing a total of 210,000 hp of electricity for lighting, tramways, and household devices. During the Second World War , AEG worked with the Nazi Party and benefited from forced labour from concentration camps. After the war, its headquarters moved to Frankfurt am Main . In 1967, AEG joined with its subsidiary Telefunken AG , creating Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AEG-Telefunken . In 1985, Daimler-Benz purchased

2418-670: The late 1930s by the German AEG engineering company, when the Kaprun power plant was built north of the Alpine divide . The project was resumed by the Austrian authorities after World War II with extended exploratory drilling from 1957 onwards, nevertheless the construction of the Kölnbrein Dam did not begin until 1971. Before cement and other construction materials could be moved on site, an access road had to be constructed. This proved difficult as

2480-452: The name Telefunken Computer GmbH with the company Nixdorf ) was sold to Siemens . The process computer ( TR 84 , TR 86 , AEG 60–10, AEG 80–20, AEG 80–60) continued as Geschäftsbereich Automatisierungstechnik (after 1980 as ATM Computer GmbH). In 1975 the former Telefunken Headquarter at Berlin- Charlottenburg , Ernst-Reuter-Platz 7 was sold. The building had been previously rented to Technische Universität Berlin . In 1976, to circumvent

2542-421: The next impoundment attempt, allowing them to thaw naturally. As remedial works progressed, cracks near the abutments (flanks) of the dam formed as well; on the downstream side and in a horizontal direction. A plastic sheet-covered concrete blanket was laid on the upstream valley floor behind the dam between 1981 and 1983. In the next few years, the sheets had to be repaired and the grout curtain re-grouted. In 1984,

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2604-499: The north which primarily includes the Grosser Mühldorfer reservoir (Reisseck annual reservoir). The Grosser Mühldorfer also receives water from the Kleiner Mühldorfer, Hochalmsee and Radlsee reservoirs as well. From the Grosser Mühldorfer, water can be released back down to Kolbnitz for power production. Additional water from the Reisseck daily reservoir, about halfway between Grosser and Kolbnitz, can be used as well. This completes

2666-490: The nuclear power plant at Würgassen , the commissioning of which was delayed by several years due to technical problems cost AEG hundreds of millions of DM. As a result, the company paid its last dividend in 1972. The entertainment arm ( Telefunken Fernseh und Rundfunk GmbH ) headquartered in Hanover was sold. This was followed by the computer mainframe business ( TR 4 , TR 10 , TR 440  [ de ] ) (a partnership under

2728-601: The parts that remained were primarily related to electric power distribution and electric motor technology. Under Daimler-Benz ownership, the former AEG companies eventually became part of the newly named Adtranz in 1995, and the AEG name was no longer used. Electrolux , which had already acquired the household subsidiary AEG Hausgeräte GmbH in 1994, now own the rights to use and license the AEG brand. The company originated in 1882, when Emil Rathenau acquired licences to use some of Thomas Edison 's lamp patents in Germany. The Deutsche Edison Gesellschaft ("German Edison Company")

2790-436: The production range, the AEG name was adopted. In 1887 Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrowolsky joined the company as chief engineer, later becoming vice-director. His work on polyphase electric power led him to become the world's leading engineer in three-phase electric power systems at the end of the 1880s. In 1891 Miller and Dobrovolski demonstrated the transmission of electrical power over a distance of 175 km (109 mi) from

2852-439: The requirement of equal participation of employees in the supervisory board, Dr. Walter Cipa (Dipl.-Geol.) (AEG boss from 1976 to 1980) created four further companies as wholly owned joint stock companies in addition to the two household appliance companies. (The numbers in parentheses refer to percentage of turnover in 1980) In 1979 Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AEG-Telefunken was renamed AEG-Telefunken AG by dropping

2914-417: The reservoir was able to reach 90 percent full. In 1979 and 1983, it had temporarily reached its maximum level as well but it could not be safely sustained. In 1984, the reservoir levels were limited to 15–20 m (49–66 ft) below maximum, and at those levels it was able to operate safely though at reduced capacities. Notwithstanding these remedial actions, a long-term solution was required. This came in

2976-479: The reservoir. When demand is high, water is released back into the system to produce hydroelectricity. Immediately downstream from the Kölnbrein Dam is the Galgenbichl dam and reservoir. This reservoir serves to receive water from several different locations in Malta via pipeline and is the lower reservoir for the Upper stage pumped-storage power station. From the northeast, water is pumped in from several smaller reservoirs and tributaries. The water collected above in

3038-527: The rights to the AEG brand name in 2005, which it now uses on some of its products. The AEG name is also licensed to various brand partners under the Electrolux Global Brand Licensing program. In 1883, Emil Rathenau founded Deutsche Edison-Gesellschaft für angewandte Elektricität in Berlin. In 1888, it was renamed as Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft . Initially producing electrical equipment (such as light bulbs, motors and generators),

3100-400: The same period, it entered the automobile and airplane markets. Electrical equipment for railways was produced during this time, beginning a long history of supplying the German railways with electrical equipment. According to the 1930 Encyclopedia Britannica : "Prior to 1923 it was the largest electrical manufacturing concern in Germany and one of the most important industrial undertakings in

3162-592: The same year the Stadtbahn Halle/Saale (City railway Halle–Saale) opened the first electric tram system (of notable size) in Germany. Tropp Paul began his work for the AEG 1889/90 until 1893, and Franz Schwechten designed the facades of the Acker- und Hussitenstraße in 1894–95. In 1894 the site of the former Berlin Viehmarktgasse (cattle market alley) was purchased. This had a railroad siding connecting to

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3224-414: The steep Malta Valley rises over 300 metres (980 ft) along a 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) stretch and at times has 13 percent gradients. To complete the road, six tunnels were excavated. In 1973, as superstructure construction progressed, cement was transported on site and mixed with aggregate from local sources. To reduce thermal expansion , concrete was poured 30 cubic metres (39 cu yd) at

3286-523: The supplement "Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft", used since 1887. In February 1980, Heinz Dürr became board Chairman (until 1990). In August 1982 a restructuring plan, backed with federal guarantees of 600 million DM and new bank loans of 275 million DM, fell apart at the first disagreement between the banks. A banking consortium provided an administrative loan of DM 1.1 billion to the AEG Group until June 1983; 400 million of which only to be available on

3348-526: The technology developed in the past, in part, now enables Alstom to build the very successful Traxx series of locomotives. AEG also built the Hellenic Railways TRAINOSE Class 520 DMUs between 1989/1990/1991 and 1994/1995/1996. AEG manufactured a range of aircraft from 1912 to 1918. The first aircraft in 1912 was of wooden construction and modeled after the Wright brothers biplane. It had

3410-596: The water is then received at the Rosswiese reservoir and utilized to generate power at the Kolbnitz station down in the Möll Valley . At Kolbnitz, water can be released into the river which flows into a reservoir created by the Rottau Dam. This reservoir also serves as the lower reservoir for pumping by the Rottau (Main stage) power plant which is located downstream of Kolbnitz. Water can also be received and pumped from sources to

3472-407: The world." During the Second World War , AEG joined with other large companies such as IG Farben , Thyssen and Krupp in their support of the Nazis. The company benefited from the use of large numbers of forced labourers as well as concentration camp prisoners, under inhuman conditions of work. After WWII, the company lost its businesses in the eastern part of Germany. After a merger in 1967,

3534-443: Was also contracted for the production of electrical equipment at Auschwitz concentration camp . AEG used slave labour from Camp No. 36 at the new sub-camp of Auschwitz III and also known as Monowitz , called "Arbeitslager Blechhammer ". Most of them would die in 1945 during the death marches and finally in Buchenwald . AEG was a major supplier of grips for P38 pistols manufactured by Walther Arms , Mauser , as well as on

3596-430: Was built with Krupp as dual voltage (15 kV and 25 kV AC) test machine, the technology ultimately leading to locomotives such as DB Class 120 and ICE 1 . Only after German reunification and the adoption of the LEW plant in Hennigsdorf did AEG's name return to whole locomotive manufacturing, but only for a short time. "AEG locomotives GmbH " became part of ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation (later ADtranz) and currently

3658-435: Was established in 1883 by Emil Rathenau as the Deutsche Edison-Gesellschaft für angewandte Elektricität in Berlin . The company's initial focus was driven by electrical lighting, as in 1881, Rathenau had acquired the rights to the electric light bulb at the International Exposition of Electricity in Paris. Using small power stations, his company introduced electrical lighting to cafés, restaurants, and theaters, despite

3720-416: Was founded in 1883 with the financial backing of banks and private individuals, with Emil Rathenau as company director. In 1884, Munich-born engineer Oskar von Miller (who later founded Deutsches Museum ) joined the executive board. The same year, the company entered negotiations with the Berlin Magistrat (the municipal body) to supply electricity to a large area from a central supply, which resulted in

3782-516: Was located in Krakow-Plaszow and used forced Jewish labor manufacturing cables from 1942 to 1944. In 1943, AEG began to relocate goods and evacuate workers. Goods were relocated to various places, including Berlin and Sudetenland . When installing electric and lighting systems for the Waffen-SS training grounds in Dębica , AEG used forced labor from Jews placed in the Pustkow labor camp located in south east Poland. During World War II , an AEG factory near Riga used female slave labour . AEG

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3844-445: Was powered by four 260 hp (190 kW) Mercedes D.IVa engines linked to a combination leather cone and dog clutch . The first flight tests were satisfactory, but on 3 September 1918, the R.I broke up in the air killing its seven crewmen. The most successful in terms of production figures of all the AEG aircraft designs was that of the G.IV Grossflugzeuge ("large aircraft") heavy tactical bomber, of which one still survives of

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