Kutai is a Malayic language spoken by 300,000 to 500,000 people. It is the native language of the Kutai people ( Indonesian : Suku Kutai , Kutai: Urang Kutai ), the indigenous ethnic group which lives along the Mahakam River in Borneo , especially in East Kalimantan , Indonesia . They are the principal population in the regencies of West Kutai , Kutai Kartanegara , and East Kutai within North Kalimantan province.
6-568: Kutai is part of the local Bornean Malayic languages and is closely related to but distinct from the Banjar language in South Kalimantan , Berau , also spoken in North Kalimantan and to some extent Brunei-Kedayan Malay as well. Kutai forms a dialect continuum between the two varieties and all three share similar phonology and vocabulary with each other. Kutai for most of its history is mainly
12-630: A spoken language and is mostly used as a form of poetry ( pantun ). During the period of the Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate , most literature was written in Standard Malay in Jawi script instead of Kutai Malay. Kutai, as with many Malay varieties on the island, is a dialect continuum. A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a spread of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighbouring varieties differ only slightly, but
18-782: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Banjar language The Banjar or Banjarese ( basa Banjar ; jaku Banjar , Jawi : باس بنجر ) is an Austronesian language predominantly spoken by the Banjarese —an indigenous ethnic group native to Banjar regions — in the southeastern Kalimantan of Indonesia . The Banjarese language is the de facto lingua franca for various indigenous community especially in South Kalimantan, as well as Central Kalimantan (notably in Seruyan Regency and Sukamara Regency ) and East Kalimantan in general. Apart from
24-807: The Banjar Hulu dialect are predominantly spoken by Banjarese people in the South Hulu Sungai Regency and North Hulu Sungai Regency regions. The consonantal inventory of Banjarese language is shown below. All but [ʔ] occur at the onset of a syllable: Sudarmo finds five monophthongs: [ ə ] is an allophone of / ɛ / . Durasid finds three monophthongs and three diphthongs in Pahuluan Banjarese: Regionally, /a/ has an allophone [ə] and /u/ has an allophone [ɔ] . The diphthongs are /ai/, /au/, /ui/ . Loans with /e/ or /o/ are assimilated to these three vowels. E.g. kréték
30-404: The differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varieties are not mutually intelligible. There are three principal dialects of Kutai Malay language; all three have little mutual intelligibility with each other due to the geographical proximity of these dialects. The three main dialects are Tenggarong, Kota Bangun, and Ancalong Estuary. This article about Malayic languages
36-571: The native Banjarese in Indonesia, the Banjarese language also spoken by little Banjarese diaspora abroad (such as in Brunei , Malaysia (notably in Sabah and Perak ), and Singapore ); however, they tend to not use it as their primary language, and their fluency degree is questionable. There are at least three divisions of dialects within the Banjarese language: According to Cense,
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