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76-655: It is one of seven Bedouin townships in the Negev desert with approved plans and developed infrastructure (other six are: Hura , Lakiya , Ar'arat an-Naqab (Ar'ara BaNegev), Shaqib al-Salam (Segev Shalom), Tel as-Sabi (Tel-Sheva) and the city of Rahat , the largest among them). Members of several Bedouin family clans reside in Kuseife: Abu Ajaj, Elamor, el-Zabarka, el-Nasasra, the biggest of them Abu-Rabia. Other families are: Azbarga, El-Dada, Abu Juda and Abu Anam. A part of el-Nasasra and Elamor clans lives outside Kuseife in

152-556: A Bagrut (matriculation) certificate, compared to a national average of 45.9%. In the 2007–08-year, the number dropped to 49.67%, compared to a national average of 46.3%. In addition, there are several private and Haredi schools in Arad, such as the Shuvu movement's grades 1–8 school, and the Gerrer Haredi school. Other Haredi schools include the boys' Beit Ya'akov and girls' Kol Ya'akov in

228-575: A Chabad synagogue in Ye'elim. There are two mikvehs in the city–in the Tlalim and Ayanot neighborhoods. The city also has a small Messianic community that is being accused of illegal missionary activities by the Haredim and certain right-wing groups. Arad's dead are mostly buried in the local cemetery, located in the northeastern outskirts of the city, close to the road to Masada. Arad's local newspaper, Kidod ,

304-454: A commune-level town ( thị trấn ) is similar to a township; it is a subdivision of a rural district ( huyện ) and is the lowest administration subdivision in the country. In Zimbabwe , the term township was used for segregated parts of suburban areas. During colonial years in Rhodesia , the term township referred to a residential area reserved for Black citizens within the boundaries of

380-510: A country club and playgrounds. The city's main football stadium is located nearby on the corner of Yehuda and Palmach Streets. The stadium is home to Hapoel Arad , which plays in Liga Bet , the fourth tier of Israeli football . Since 2000, Arad also hosts an annual mountain biking tournament, Riding Arad, in memory of Itamar Ilya, a soldier killed in action in Lebanon in 1997. In March 2008,

456-420: A city of 10,000- 20,000 residents were drawn up. Yona Pitelson was the chief architect and planner. The plan took into account topography and climate, with residential buildings constructed with large inner courtyards that offered protection from the desert sun and wind. High density residential areas were built first in order to create an urban milieu and shorten walking distances. The oil company Nefta built

532-623: A city or town and is still commonly used colloquially. This reflected the South African usage. In present-day Zimbabwe, the term is also used to refer to a residential area within close proximity of a rural growth point. Arad, Israel Arad ( Hebrew : עֲרָד (audio) ) is a city in the Southern District of Israel . It is located on the border of the Negev and the Judean Deserts , 25 kilometres (16 miles) west of

608-650: A close proximity to the Nevatim Airbase . According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the population of Kuseife was 17,400 in December 2010 (10,300 in December 2006). Its annual growth rate is 3.6%. Kuseife's jurisdiction is 13,692 dunams (~13.7 km). Prior to the establishment of Israel, the Negev Bedouins were a semi-nomadic society that had been through a process of sedentariness since

684-633: A new phosphate plant in the Sdeh Brir area for several years. In 2008, the Ministry of the Environment decided not to contest the company's bid, despite studies showing it may increase air pollution-related deaths in the area. In addition to the annual music festival, Arad's fresh air attracts asthmatics from all over the world, and its proximity to the Dead Sea provides a less expensive accommodation alternative to

760-503: A notable peak being Mount Kidod (600 m or 2,000 ft), located at the northeastern point of the city and named after Ras al-Kadadeh, the Arabic name for the hill. Other peaks within the municipal borders include Mount Kina (635 m or 2,083 ft) and Mount Brir (537 m or 1,762 ft). There are several wadis that pass through Arad, notably the Ye'elim Stream (which runs along Highway 31) and Tze'elim Stream . Others include

836-497: A precise legal meaning and is used on land titles in all areas regardless of the demographics of the respective region. In Taiwan , townships are administered by a county together with a county-administered city . There are three types of townships in Taiwan: urban townships, rural townships, and mountain indigenous townships. Mountain indigenous townships are those with significant populations of Taiwanese aborigines . In England ,

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912-431: A railway extension from Beersheba to Arad via Kuseife was approved. The line would connect to the existing Beersheba - Dimona rail line at the proposed new station at Nevatim . Township A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision . Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area , that tends to be an exception to

988-730: A residential bishopric, Arad is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see . The first modern attempt to settle the area was made by the Yishuv , the body of Jewish residents in Mandatory Palestine , on 23 February 1921, when the British Mandate government allowed discharged soldiers from the Jewish Legion to settle in the area. Nine men and two women attempted the task, but after four months were forced to leave because water

1064-713: A rural area. The term is generally comparable to that of a village in England. In the Philippines , townships refer to administrative divisions established during the American Civil Government in the country. Many of these political divisions were originally established as rancherias during the Spanish Regime . The term was later replaced with " municipal district ". Most municipal districts would later be converted into regular municipalities by executive orders from

1140-601: A settlement in Tel Arad. After its destruction during the Canaanite era, the town lay abandoned for centuries before being resettled by the Israelites from the 11th century BCE onward. The Israelites initially settled it as an unwalled piece of land cut off as an official or sacred domain was established on the upper hill. It was later a garrison-town known as "The Citadel". The citadel and sanctuary are believed to have been constructed at

1216-417: A severe reduction in property crime was cited. Arad's force was able to reduce the number of such crimes from 1,092 in 2003 to just 168 in 2007. On 18 July 2008, Arad police, in a rare incident, shot dead a man threatening to kill his ex-wife with a knife. Arad has a public elementary school in every central neighborhood (Halamish, Tlalim, Avishur, Leva'ot and Ye'elim (called Ye'elim-Ofarim)), while Tlalim

1292-579: A sewing course for fashion design at the Amal College in Beer Sheva, including lessons on sewing and cutting, personal empowerment and business initiatives. There are branches of several health funds (medical clinics) in Kuseife: Leumit , Clalit , Maccabi and several perinatal (baby care) centers Tipat Halav. There is a number of schools in the township and a communal activity center. In May 2017,

1368-477: A small town; in the cases of predominant Jewish population the latter is sometimes translated as shtetl ). In South Africa under apartheid , the term "township" was used to describe residential developments that confined non-Whites, including Blacks, Coloureds, and Indians, living near or working in White-only communities. Soweto and Mdantsane were both prominent townships under apartheid. The term also has

1444-453: A subsidy of NIS 1,000 per family per month for two years for families of soldiers wishing to move to Arad. The Negev and Galilee Development Ministry envisions a tripling of Arad's population by 2025. Other than tourist venues, Arad's commerce is mostly concentrated in the central commerce area, as envisioned in the original plan. There is one shopping mall in the city, the Arad Mall, in

1520-478: A unit of government. Townships are governed as part of a larger council (such as that of a shire , district or city ) or authority. In Canada , two kinds of township occur in common use: In China , townships are found at the fourth level of the administrative hierarchy , below counties , districts , and county level cities but above villages and communities, together with ethnic townships , towns and subdistricts . In India , townships are found at

1596-512: A view of the Judean Desert . The Israel National Trail passes through Arad, between Mount Kina and Tel Arad , a major archeological site and national park. Although not located within Arad's jurisdiction, the Zohar Peak (552 m or 1,811 ft) and Zohar Lookout ( Mitzpe Zohar ) are common hiking and biking destinations on the national trail. The trails codenamed 11335 and 11240 run along

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1672-453: A work camp in the area in July 1961, consisting of six temporary sheds, after oil was found there in commercial quantities. The town itself was established in 1962 by a group of young ex- kibbutz and ex- moshav members seeking an environment free of overcrowding, traffic, noise, and pollution. The founding ceremony was held on 21 November, and attended by then-Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion . It

1748-516: Is a religious school. There is one public middle school, Re'ut, located near the junction of the Yoshiyahu and HaKana'im streets. The second middle school, Allon, was closed in 2007 and merged into ORT Arad, the city's only public secondary school, which shares a building with the Re'ut middle school and the former Yigal Allon school. In the 2006–07 school year, 57.14% of Arad's 12th graders were eligible for

1824-535: Is also an SOS Youth Facility to accommodate 12 to 14 youths from the SOS Children's Village. In January 2005, an SOS Social Centre was opened at Arad. It runs a day-care center and various community outreach programmes to support socially weak families. Until fall 2008, the World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS), funded by Jews from New Jersey , had an institute in Arad which allowed post-college young Jews from around

1900-561: Is high, there are several employment opportunities in the region. Several industrial parks are situated in the area - Ramat Hovav , Hura and Dimona , but the closest industrial zone to Kuseife is situated in Arad . Other job opportunities are: several chemical plants near the Dead Sea like the Dead Sea Works , different high-tech companies and textile shops. There is a number of Bedouins working in

1976-445: Is located in the light industry zone. Among the companies with manufacturing plants in Arad are Arad Textile Industries, one of Israel's largest producers of towels , Flextronics Israel, El-Ran Timber Industries, Jordael who manufacture cosmetic products, and a Unilever Shefa Israel cereal plant. A.M.S. Electronics is manufacturing printed circuit boards and electronic products. One of Israels main defence companys, Elbit Systems

2052-515: Is mandatory by law, but the vast majority of the population does not receive a high school education. Yet Israel's attitude towards its Bedouin citizens has always been positive. The state uses all the means at her disposal to improve the life of the Negev Bedouin community, and Kuseife is considered to be one of several flagship projects in this sense. Unlike illegal villages with scarce access to water, electricity and services, this village provides

2128-440: Is manufacturing Communications Systems at a production site in Arad. In 2017 Elbit became a new order for SDR Radios from the than Israeli Ministry of Defense (IMoD) and expected to enlarge the facility. Since 1971, Arad has been producing phosphoric acid , made from brine collected from the Dead Sea, and phosphates from the nearby Tzefa . Rotem Amfert Negev Ltd, a subsidiary of Israel Chemicals Ltd (ICL), has been planning

2204-452: Is much smaller. In 1993, the city's jurisdiction was 73,934.3 dunams (73.9 km ; 28.5 sq mi), still many times larger than the urban area. The historical site of Tel Arad and the Arad Park (also known as Ran Grove) can also be found within its municipal area, west of the urban core. Arad also has a commercial landing strip located slightly to the south of its urban core. It borders

2280-516: Is reached by Highway 31 , which connects it with Beersheba to the west, and the Dead Sea to the east. It has two junctions within Arad's municipal area—the Arad Junction (within the city itself, with Road 3199), and the Tel Arad Junction (with Highway 80 ). The local Road 3199 connects Arad with Masada , but does not connect to the road next to the dead sea ( Highway 90 ). It is therefore

2356-592: The Aliyah from the former Soviet Union. It became a city in 1995. Landmarks in Arad include the ruins of Tel Arad , Arad Park, a domestic airfield and Israel's first legal race circuit. The city is known for its annual summer music festival, the Arad Festival. Arad is named after the Biblical Bronze Age Canaanite and later Israelite town located at Tel Arad (a Biblical archaeology site famous for

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2432-542: The Dead Sea and 45 kilometres (28 miles) east of Beersheba . The city is home to a diverse population of 28,170, including Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews (both secular and religious), Bedouins and Black Hebrews , as well as new immigrants. After attempts to settle the area in the 1920s, Arad was founded in November 1962 as an Israeli development town , the first planned city in Israel. Arad's population grew significantly with

2508-553: The National Land Code , adopted in 1965. In New Zealand , towns and townships no longer exist; all land is part of either a city , which is mostly urban, or a district , which is mostly rural. Since 1979, municipalities have existed in New Zealand but are rare and not formally defined legally. As a term, however, townships are still in common usage in New Zealand, used in referring to a small town or urban community located in

2584-644: The Ottoman rule of the region. During the British Mandate period, the administration did not provide a legal frame to justify and preserve lands’ ownership. In order to settle this issue, Israel’s land policy was adapted to a large extent from the Ottoman land regulations of 1858 as the only preceding legal frame. Thus Israel nationalized most of the Negev lands using the state’s land regulations from 1969. Israel has continued

2660-558: The Tamar and Abu Basma regional councils, and the closest local municipality to Arad is the Bedouin local council Kuseife . Each neighborhood in Arad contains streets named in a thematic manner, for example, a neighborhood where all streets are named after jewels. The exception to this are the four central quarters, which have more conventional street names, and the original two neighborhoods (Rishonim and Ne'urim). The themed neighborhoods make up

2736-514: The United States : civil and survey. A state may have one or both types. In states that have both, the boundaries often coincide in many counties. In the first U.S. census of Puerto Rico , the population centers known as townships were referred to as " barrios ," a term first used when Puerto Rico was under Spanish colonial rule . Like townships in most U.S. states, barrios are subdivisions and function as municipalities . In Vietnam ,

2812-802: The Halamish neighborhood, the Lev Simcha Yeshiva, and the Beit Ya'akov High School. Religious Zionist schools include the Ne'ot Avraham Bnei Akiva Ulpana , which also provides young women with the guidance to perform volunteer activities in the community, and the Tlalim Elementary School, founded in 1971. SOS Children's Village Arad (known as Kfar Neradim ) was built in the southern outskirts of Arad and inaugurated on 27 October 1981. It consists of twelve family houses, to accommodate up to 120 children. There

2888-524: The Hesed, Keisan, Kidod, Kina, Malhata, Pra'im, Tavya, and other streams. Between 1964 and 1974, Arad's average temperature in January was 11 °C (52 °F), and 27 °C (81 °F) in July. The average yearly precipitation between 1960 and 1990 was 150 millimetres (5.9 in), and 158 millimetres (6.2 in) between 1962 and 1978. Arad is thus situated in an arid area, where most precipitation falls in

2964-572: The Highlands generally the term may describe a very small agrarian community . In Wales , the term "township" is used to describe a population center created by an Act of Parliament in 1539, such as the Townships in Montgomeryshire . In the United States , a township is a subdivision of a county and is usually 36 square miles (about 93 square kilometres) in area. There are two types of townships in

3040-584: The Israeli territory, some of them to the Negev desert. One of them was a Nevatim Airbase . A township adjacent to the base appeared at the same time. Process of sedentarization is full of hardships for any nation, since it means a harsh shift from one way of life to another - transition from wandering to permanent residence, and Bedouins whose society is based on tradition are no exception. The rate of unemployment remains high in Bedouin townships. School through age 16

3116-636: The Philippine president. Mambukal , a hill station geographically located in Murcia, Negros Occidental , is the only legally constituted township in the Philippines, created under Republic Act No. 1964, approved in June 1957. As a term, the word "township" in the Philippines is used to refer to new developments with their own amenities, including both vertical and horizontal projects. The modern and largest townships in

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3192-917: The Philippines are New Clark City with 9,450 hectares in Capas of Tarlac , Hamilo Coast with 5,900 hectares in Nasugbu of Batangas , Nuvali with 2,290 hectares in Santa Rosa of Laguna , Lancaster New City with 2,000 hectares in Kawit Imus GenTri of Cavite , Vista City with 1,500 hectares in Las Piñas Muntinlupa of Metro Manila , and Dasmariñas of Cavite, Twin Lakes with 1,149 hectares in Tagaytay of Cavite and Alviera with 1,125 hectares in Porac of Pampanga . The majority of

3268-563: The Ran Grove (after Ran Schochat, who was killed in the Yom Kippur War ), which is located about 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) west of the city center and measures 3,000 dunams (3.0 km ; 1.2 sq mi). Other notable parks include: The main cluster of recreational facilities is located in the Ayanot neighborhood also called Kiryat HaSport. Facilities include a swimming pool, tennis courts,

3344-434: The area of service. There are several organizations carrying out different activities aimed at supporting and expanding entrepreneurship in Israel's South in order to further integrate the 160,000 Bedouins living in the Negev into Israel's mainstream economy. They are primarily aimed at Bedouin women. Twenty Arab-Bedouin women from the towns of Rahat , Lakiya , Tel Sheva , Segev Shalom , Kuseife and Rachma participated in

3420-535: The connection between the ecclesiastical functions of ancient parishes and the civil administrative functions that had been introduced in these areas beginning in the 16th century. As of the 21st century, some councils, mostly in Northern England , have revived the term. In Scotland , the term is still used for some rural settlements. In parts of the Highlands and Islands , a township is a crofting settlement. In

3496-553: The corner of Yerushalayim Street and Yehuda Street was closed due to a legal battle between the municipality and the Egged Bus Cooperative . A new station was subsequently built with seven platforms and a park and ride lot. Buses in Arad are served by the Egged Bus Cooperative and Metropoline . A multitude of inter-city bus routes are served by the main station, two more inter-city Haredi routes which leave from

3572-680: The country) were immigrants since 1990. Arad's population peaked in 2002 at 24,500. Arad's former mayor, Moty Brill, said that the reason for the city's decline is its failure to absorb the massive immigration from Russia. In early 2007, a study ordered by the Israeli Housing and Construction Ministry found that Arad suffered from a negative image, and described it a "settlement that drives residents away". In 2015, Arad had 10,983 (~45%) salaried workers and 529 (~2.2%) self-employed. 11,805 were receiving children's benefits, 321 were receiving unemployment benefits, and 1,168 were receiving income guarantee. The average monthly income for self-employed workers

3648-462: The current townships are near Metro Manila, which permits faster access to the capital region by road or rail transport. The former Russian Empire , Soviet Union , and Commonwealth of Independent States states is sometimes used to denote a small semi-urban, sometimes industrial, settlement and used to translate the terms поселок городского типа ( townlet ), посад ( posad ), местечко ( mestechko , from Polish " miasteczko ",

3724-400: The discovery of ostraca ), which is located approximately 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) west of modern Arad. The Bible (Judges 1:16) describes it as a Canaanite stronghold whose king kept the Israelites from moving from the Negev to the Judean Mountains , although Tel Arad was destroyed over 1,200 years before the arrival of the Israelites. However, Shoshenq I 's chronicles seem to mention

3800-442: The entire city north of Highway 31 . South of the highway is Arad's industrial zone (the northern area being the light industry zone). The neighborhoods are as follows: The western part of Arad is made up of Loess land, while the eastern part is made up of sedimentary rock , including chalk , flint and dolomite . Arad's elevation ranges between approximately 361.5 and 631.1 metres (1,186 and 2,071 ft) above sea level ,

3876-399: The first half of the 1990s, Arad absorbed 6,000 immigrants from the former Soviet Union. In 1995, the city had 20,900 residents. Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin declared Arad a city on 29 June 1995. Arad is located mostly on the western and southwestern Kidod Range, and the Arad Plain, which marks the southwestern end of the Judean Desert . It is located 23 kilometers (14.3 mi) west of

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3952-473: The fourth level of the city. In Jersey , township is a redundant term, as the only surviving local government level at present are the 12 parishes of the island. In Malaysia , townships are found at the third level of the administrative hierarchy , is a subdivision of a daerah ( district or county ) or autonomous sub-district ( daerah kecil ), while above kampung ( village ) and taman (residential neighbourhood) as defined in

4028-475: The name "Arad" for 1,100 years, even as the site remained uninhabited. Ancient Arad became a Christian bishopric . Stephanus, one of its bishops, was a signatory of the synodal letter of John III of Jerusalem against Severus of Antioch in 518 and took part in the 536 synod of the three Roman provinces of Palaestina Prima , Palaestina Secunda , and Palaestina Salutaris (to the last of which Arad belonged) against Anthimus I of Constantinople . No longer

4104-437: The national trail in this area. Arad's main cultural center is the Center for Culture, Youth and Sports ( Hebrew : מתנ"ס , Matnas ), named after Samuel Rubin and located on Ben Yair Street near the Arad Mall. It was built in 1983 and contains the Arad Museum, Arad's public library, a concert hall and the Arad Visitor Center, founded in 1989. The Oron movie theater designed by the architect Menachem Cohen closed during

4180-459: The northern block of the commerce sector. In addition to the main area, there are small shop clusters in most neighborhoods in the city, notably a building called The Star ( HaKokhav ) in the Tlalim quarter. A lone supermarket outside the center, Mega in the city, is located in the industrial zone, near the entrance to the city, and a major shopping complex is planned near it by a real estate company called Zim Centers. The Arad Market, open on Mondays,

4256-451: The only way to get to Masada's western side. Arad's airfield , first used during the music festival of 1994, is located south of the city, and serves domestic flights according to demand. In May 2017, a new railway line to Arad via Kuseife was approved. The line will connect to the existing Beersheba - Dimona rail line at Nevatim . Its terminus will be adjacent to the central bus station. Arad Central Bus Station, once located on

4332-404: The patients are transferred. Arad is served by a local Israel Police station, located next to the municipal compound and the Magen David Adom station. It is commanded by Superintendent Yuval Paz and has 58 members. Arad's station also serves the Sodom area. Arad's police force was chosen as the exceptional force for 2007, and awarded an award of excellence on 5 March 2008. Among others,

4408-602: The policy of sedentarization of Negev Bedouins imposed by the Ottoman authorities, and at first it included regulation and re-location - during the 1950s Israel has re-located two-thirds of the Negev Bedouins into an area that was under martial law. The next step was to establish seven townships built especially for Bedouins in order to sedentarize and urbanize them by offering them better life conditions, proper infrastructure and high quality public services in sanitation, health and education, and municipal services. But not all Bedouins agree to move from tents and structures built on

4484-480: The pricey hotel zone on the sea shore. The Arad municipality has begun to develop hiking and ecological tourism. Additionally, many visitors to Masada stay in Arad, which is the closest (22 km (13.7 mi) by road) urban settlement to the site and provides the only access to its western side. On the outskirts of Arad, near the hotel area, there is a large white monument conceived by Yigal Tumarkin in 1968, called Mitzpe Mo'av (Mo'av Lookout), which also offers

4560-440: The residents with all their basic needs. And still according to the CBS data relevant to December 2009, a local council of Kuseife is ranked lowest (1 out of 10) in socio-economic standing (1 out of 10) with an average income NIS 4,331 to the national average of NIS 7,070 (2009). Only 43.4% of grade twelve students are eligible to graduate from high school (2008-2009). Despite the fact that unemployment level among Negev Bedouins

4636-416: The rule. In Australia , Canada , Scotland , and parts of the United States , the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban. The Australian National Dictionary defines a township as "a site reserved for and laid out as a town ; such a site at an early stage of its occupation and development; a small town". The term refers purely to the settlement; it does not refer to

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4712-411: The single Magen David Adom station, located in the municipal compound. A medical center was also built in the compound in 2004, named Schaller Medical Centre after Leon and Freda Schaller from London, who were the prime donors. It serves as an emergency ward, but does not have the equipment needed to perform operations, and such patients are transferred to the Soroka Medical Center . On average, 10% of

4788-443: The southern end of the Dead Sea , and is by road, 45 kilometers (28.0 mi) east of Beersheva , 111 kilometers (69.0 mi) south of Jerusalem , 138 kilometers (85.7 mi) south east of Tel Aviv , and 219 kilometers (136.1 mi) north of the southernmost city of Eilat . The city spans an area of 93,140 dunams (93.1 km ; 36.0 sq mi), one of the largest municipal areas in Israel, even though its urban area

4864-442: The state lands into apartments. In permanent planned villages like Kuseife lives about 60% of Bedouin citizens of Israel, while the rest in illegal homes spread all over North Negev. This area appears as Kuseife in the military administration documents starting from the 1950s. After the peace treaty signed between Egypt and Israel , the Sinai Peninsula was returned to Egypt and all the IDF bases stationed there were removed to

4940-423: The tenure of Mayor Moty Brill. Eshet Lot, an artists quarter, is located in the city's industrial zone, utilizing old warehouses. The city also has a conservatory and concert hall. In 2007, the Ministry for the Development of the Negev and Galilee proposed moving the national archive of Israel from Jerusalem to Arad and opening a museum. Arad was known for its annual music festival, first held in 1982. It

5016-403: The term "township" is no longer in official use, but still maintains some meaning, typically used to describe subdivisions of large parishes for administrative purposes. This definition became legally obsolete at the end of the 19th century when local government reform converted many townships that had been subdivisions of ancient parishes into the newer civil parishes , which formally separated

5092-429: The time of Kings David and Solomon . Artifacts found within the sanctuary of the citadel mostly reflect offerings of oil, wine, wheat, etc. brought there by numerous people during the time of the Kingdom of Judah , up to Judah's fall to the Babylonians. Under the Judaean kings, the citadel was periodically refortified, remodeled and rebuilt, until ultimately it was destroyed between 597 BCE and 577 BCE whilst Jerusalem

5168-413: The tournament became part of an international Union Cycliste Internationale competition, which is co-hosted by Misgav and Ma'alot . Arad's professional course is 37 kilometers (23.0 mi) long, while the expert course is 22.5 kilometers (14.0 mi). Arad does not have a hospital, but there are numerous medical clinics, including Clalit , Leumit and Maccabi . Emergencies are handled by

5244-478: The winter months of December, January and February. It does however, on rare occasions, snow. Two examples are the massive snowstorm during the 1991–92 winter that swept through entire mountainous region of the Negev and January's snowstorm of 2008. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics , of Arad's 24,400 2015 population, 80.3% were Jews, and another 16.8% were other non-Arabs. 11,900 (~48.8%) were men and 12,500 were women. 33.8% (the second highest in

5320-480: The world to study Israeli society and the Hebrew language. When WUJS's ownership changed, the institute was moved to the center of the country. Arad has 22 synagogues, of which 11 are Ashkenazi , 9 are Sephardi , one is Yemenite , and one is Ethiopian . Both the central Ashkenazi and Sephardi synagogues are located in the Ye'elim neighborhood. A Masorti synagogue, Shira Hadasha is in the Rishonim neighborhood. There are Gerrer synagogues in Avishur and Halamish, and

5396-472: Was NIS 6,934, with salaried employees earning an average of NIS 6,988 (NIS 9,008 for men and NIS 5,184 for women). The IDF 's City of Training Bases, under construction near Beersheba , hopes to bring thousands of soldiers (mostly officers, senior NCOs and other staff) to live in the Negev, including Arad. According to Orli Yehezkel, CEO of the Ministry for the Development of the Negev and Galilee , said NIS 4.5 million will be invested in Arad, including

5472-416: Was a popular event and a major magnet for artists until 1995. On 18 July 1995, three teenagers were crushed to death by a falling gate during a farewell concert by the band Mashina . Despite the festival organizers' attempts to keep the festival going it was cut short. Five of the festival's organizers received prison sentences of up to one year. The main public park and picnic area is Arad Park, also called

5548-599: Was not found in the area. On 15 November 1960, a planning team, followed by a full-fledged committee on 29 December, was appointed by the Israeli cabinet to examine the possibility of establishing a city in the northeastern Negev desert and Arad region. An initial budget of IL 50,000 was granted for the project, headed by Aryeh ("Lova") Eliav . On 31 January 1961, the final location was chosen (3.5 kilometers (2.2 mi) southwest of Mount Kidod), and plans were approved for roads and water connections. In March 1961, blueprints for

5624-559: Was one of the last development towns to be founded. According to the city website, Arad was the first pre-planned city in Israel. Until 1964 Arad had about 160 families, most of whom were natives. After 1971 Arad began absorbing olim (Jewish immigrants), mostly from the Soviet Union , but also from English speaking countries and Latin America , and its population increased from 4,000 in 1969 to 10,500 in 1974 and 12,400 in 1983. During

5700-408: Was published by the entrepreneurs Eli and Rochale Ziv, early founders of Arad. Kidod started as a small leaflet in December 1966 and grew to a become a full paper. At its peak, it was circulated, free of charge, in groceries, kiosks, etc., in 3,000 copies each week. Kidod ran for 23 years and had a key role in the cultural and community life of Arad. HaTzvi Arad is the local newspaper today. Arad

5776-549: Was under siege by Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II . However, during the Persian , Hasmonean , Roman , and early Muslim eras, locals continued to transport these items to the sacred precinct of the upper hill. Markers of these ancient Israelite rituals remain to this day, with broken pottery littering the entire site. During the Byzantine period, the location was still correctly identified by Eusebius . Nomadic Bedouins preserved

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