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32-686: Krstur may mean: Ruski Krstur , a village in Vojvodina, Serbia Srpski Krstur , a village in Vojvodina, Serbia Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Krstur . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Krstur&oldid=932951851 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

64-558: A majority in the village of Petrovci , Bogdanovci municipality, in Vukovar-Srijem county . Rusyns in Serbia and Croatia consider their linguistic variety , known as Pannonian Rusyn , to be one of four standardized versions of the Rusyn language , while some linguists also classify it as a microlanguage . They are using a standardized version of Rusyn Cyrillic alphabet . Rusyn is one of

96-641: A purely Catholic settlement, and in 1777 they ordered the Serbs , who were almost half of the population of Kucura, to move to Obrovac . In 1792, 258 Rusyn families already lived in Kucura. As the population grew, many families from Krstur and Kucura migrated to the town of Novi Sad in 1766 and 1767. The census from 1767 for the whole Bács-Bodrog County (which then was part of Habsburg Monarchy and today comprises Bačka region in Serbia and Hungary) shows about 2,000 Rusyns. Later, Rusyns settled in Šid and Vajska , and in

128-804: A special representative to the Croatian Parliament , shared with members of eleven other national minorities. In Serbia , recognition of Rusyn minority and its language was confirmed by the provincial statutes of Vojvodina (2009, 2014). Since 2002, Rusyns in Serbia have their autonomously elected representative body, the National Council of the Rusyn National Minority ( Rusyn : Национални совит рускей националней меншини ), headquartered in Ruski Krstur (the largest Rusyn settlement in Serbia). At

160-673: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ruski Krstur Its name means "the Rusyn Krstur" (There is also a village called Srpski Krstur , meaning "the Serb Krstur", in Vojvodina). The Hungarian name for the village derived from the Hungarian word "kereszt", which means "cross" in English. "Ur" (úr) means "lord." "Keresztúr," as seen in

192-451: The Chair for Rusyn Language and Literature ( Rusyn : Катедра за руски язик и литературу ) was established in 1983. After the breakup of Yugoslavia (1991–1992), its successor states continued to recognize Rusyns as a distinct national minority. In Croatia , they are officially recognized (under constitutional provisions from 1997) as an autochthonous national minority and as such, they elect

224-598: The Habsburg monarchy initiated several programs of re-population and colonization of various regions that were recently liberated from the Ottoman rule. Since 1745, groups of Rusyns from north-eastern Carpathian regions of the Kingdom of Hungary (eastern parts of modern Slovakia and Carpathian regions of modern Ukraine ) started to migrate towards southern regions, including Bačka , Srem and Slavonia . The first group settled in

256-651: The Kula municipality is the cultural centre of Rusyns in Serbia. Other villages with a Rusyn majority include Kucura in the Vrbas municipality, and Bikić Do in the Šid municipality. There is a considerable concentration of Rusyns in Novi Sad , where in 1820 the construction of St. Peter and Paul Greek Catholic parish church started and was subsequently completed in 1834/1837. There are Rusyn communities in Slavonia (Croatia), forming

288-482: The Rusyn diasporas in the United States and Canada . Pannonian Rusyns are descendants of 18th-century migrant communities, that came from northeastern ( Carpathian ) regions, still inhabited today by other groups of (Carpathian) Rusyns , who live in southwestern Ukraine , northeastern Slovakia , southeastern Poland , northern Romania , and northeastern Hungary . During the 18th century, state authorities of

320-578: The Second World War , in the socialist Yugoslavia , Rusyns were officially recognized as a distinct national minority , and their legal status was regulated in Yugoslav federal units of Serbia and Croatia . In the Constitution of Serbia, that was adopted on 9 April 1963, Rusyns were designated as one of seven (explicitly named) national minorities (Article 82), and the same provision was implemented in

352-417: The breakup of major Yugoslavia (1991–1992), and also obsolete when the reduced Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro (2003). In order to avoid confusion, the term Pannonian Rusyns is used in modern English terminology as a descriptive regional ethnonym for Rusyn communities in all of those regions, similar to the way the term North American Rusyns is used to refer to

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384-498: The "Upper-Land" ( Rusyn : Горнїца ) to the village of Krstur ( Rusyn : Керестур ) in Bačka. In the same year, Munkači managed to settle many Rusyns from the Hungarian counties of Munkačka, Ungvar, Saltmars and Ogačka in Krstur. Ruski Krstur had 2,000 inhabitants by the end of the 18th century. The same administrator signed another agreement on 15 May 1763 with Peter Kiš from Kerestur, allowing

416-661: The 1971 census, ethnic Rusyns comprised 99.45% of population of the village. According to the 2002 census, the population of the village include: Fist school in Rusyn language was established in 1753. It developed over decades, from a basic literacy instruction into a full elementary public school. Nowdays, there is a primary school "Petro Kuzmjak" with about 400 enrolled students, and the Gymnasium with about 220 students, offering instruction both in Rusyn and Serbian languages. The Cultural Center of Ruski Krstur dates back from 1872, when

448-600: The Faculty of Philosophy ( University of Novi Sad ), Rusyn studies were expanded in 2002, and the Department of Rusynistics ( Rusyn : Одсек за русинистику ) was established. In 2008, the Institute for Culture of Rusyns in Vojvodina ( Rusyn : Завод за културу войводянских Руснацох ) was founded, centered in Novi Sad . Rusyns in modern states of Serbia and Croatia mostly live in the autonomous province of Vojvodina (Serbia), and in

480-705: The Hungarian place name "Bodrogkeresztúr," likely refers to a crucifix (Our Lord on the Cross on the Bodrog river - suggesting that more places called Keresztúr were known). The first written record of Ruski Krstur was made during the administration of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1410 and then in 1452, mentioning it under name Kerezthwr . In Hungarian the village is known as Bácskeresztúr ; in Slovak as Ruský Kеrеstur ; and in Croatian as Ruski Krstur , in Rusyn Руськый Керестур . Krstur

512-710: The Statute of Vojvodina (an autonomous province in Serbia) that was adopted in the same year (Articles 32-37). Further on, the Constitutional Law of 21 February 1969 regulated the position of Rusyn language as one of five official languages in Vojvodina (Article 67). In spite of the fact that constitutional and legal recognition of Rusyn minority and its language in Vojvodina (Serbia) was achieved already in 1963/1969, some authors have overlooked those developments, and also claimed (persistently, in several works) that such recognition occurred later, in 1974, thus revealing

544-475: The arrival of 150 Rusyn families from the "Upper-Land" to the village of Kucura ( Rusyn : Коцур ) in Bačka. Kiš, however, failed to bring 150 Ruthenian families to Kucura. In 1763, 41 Rusyn families came to Kucura, and in 1767, another 47 Rusyn families came. Both agreements, from 1751 and 1763, contained special clauses, requiring that Rusyn colonists in terms of their religious affiliation have to be Eastern Catholics . The State Chamber wanted Kucura to be

576-710: The early 19th century in Vukovar , Ilok , Jankovci, Grabovo , Miklusevci , Marinci , Rajevo Selo and Osijek . In Petrovci , Rusyns started to settle in 1833, and later in Bačinci in 1834. In May 1836, the first Ruthenian Greek Catholic parish was founded in Petrovci in the territory of today's Republic of Croatia. After the Dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1918), southern Pannonian regions became part of

608-515: The end of the 18th century. Historic St. Nicholas Cathedral in Ruski Krstur was built in 1784 and underwent a major reconstruction in 1836. The rich carving of the iconostasis is the work of Aksentij Marković from 1791. The walls were painted in 1936 by Milenko Djuric. The church is under the protection of the Republic of Serbia, as a Cultural Monument of Great Importance . According to

640-672: The existence of former Yugoslavia ), are ethnic Rusyns from the southern regions of the Pannonian Plain (hence, Pannonian Rusyns). Their communities are located mainly in Vojvodina , Serbia , and Slavonia , Croatia . In both of those countries, they are officially recognized as a national minority , and have several minority institutions and organizations. In some non- Slavic languages, they are sometimes also referred to by certain archaic exonyms , such as Pannonian Ruthenes or Pannonian Ruthenians , but those terms are not used in

672-526: The first library was established. It has grown over time to include programs related to music, poetry, and folklore, among others. Ruski Krstur Castle is an old school building from 1913. Today it serves as the headquarters of the National Council of Rusyns. In the same space, there is also a small ethnographic collection that includes a display of photographs, tools for old crafts, traditional clothing, bridal attire, and more. The theater in Ruski Krstur

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704-559: The free peasant Mihajlo Munkači from the village of Červenovo in Bereg county on the settlement of 200 Rusyns families of the Greek Catholic faith from northern Hungary . In the same year, Munkači managed to settle many Rusyns from the Hungarian counties of Munkačka, Ungvar, Saltmars and Ogačka in Krstur. Since then, Krstur has been mainly inhabited by Rusyns, with a small number of Serbs, Germans and Jews. Krstur had 2,000 inhabitants by

736-436: The inhabitants left Krstur, and in 1742, Krstur was referred to as a deserted settlement. After that, Krstur is mentioned as a wasteland that is leased by the state chamber. In 1746, the merchant Bučuklić held the lease over Krstur, and in 1749, the merchant Vujić got the lease over Krstur. The official settlement of Krstur began in 1751, when the regional administrator in Bačka, Franz Joseph Redl, signed an agreement with

768-493: The lack of basic knowledge on the evolution of Rusyn rights in former Yugoslavia. Those early developments (1963/1969) are also omitted from some scholarly analyses that are dedicated explicitly to the legal status of Rusyns in Vojvodina. During the same period, Rusyn minority was also recognized in the Yugoslav federal unit of Croatia , by the Constitutional Amendment IV, that was adopted in 1972. That provision

800-425: The native Rusyn language . Such terms are also imprecise, since Ruthenian and related exonyms have several broader meanings, both in terms of their historical uses and ethnic scopes, that are encompassing various East Slavic groups. Geographical Pannonian adjective is used as a neutral term of convenience, since the previous geographical ethnonym ( Yugoslav Rusyns) became significantly reduced in scope after

832-454: The newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes , known since 1929 as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia . Since it was a South Slavic country, position of various Slavic minorities (including local Rusyns) was improved significantly, particularly in the fields of their cultural development and elementary education. During the interwar period (1918–1941), several Rusyn cultural organizations and periodical publications were established. After

864-643: The region of Slavonia (Croatia). The census from 1991 in those regions (then within former Yugoslavia) shows about 25.000 Rusyns. Currently, the number of Rusyns declines and is estimated to be about 15.000. The main reason for this is the economic migration, since the increasing number of Rusyns is deciding to move to western countries, particularly to Canada . There are 14,246 declared ethnic Rusyns in Serbia (2011 census). In terms of religious affiliation, 94,91% declared as Christians (75,43% Catholics, 18,53% Orthodox, 0,7% Protestansts). The village of Ruski Krstur in

896-478: The village of Kula in Bačka (modern Serbia ), as attested by the 1746 census. During the following years, process of Rusyn colonization was intensified, and on 17 January 1751, regional administrator of Bačka, Franz Joseph von Redl signed an agreement with Mihajlo Munkači from the village of Červenovo, in the county of Bereg , allowing the arrival of 200 Rusyn families from the north-eastern Hungarian region known as

928-480: Was confirmed by the new Constitution of Croatia, adopted in 1974 (Article 137), that recognized not only local Rusyns but also local Ukrainians , thus designating them as separate and distinct national minorities. In terms of their cultural development in socialist Yugoslavia, Rusyns had several institutions and organizations. Already in 1945, а publishing establishment, called the Rusyn Word ( Rusyn : Руске слово )

960-710: Was founded in 1971. It is the only Rusyn theater in Serbia, with a repertoire ranging from classics and folklore drama, to chamber and puppetry. In the first five decades of its work it produced over 120 original premiers. There is an initiative among inhabitants of Ruski Krstur that this settlement become its own municipality completely separate from Kula. 45°34′N 19°25′E  /  45.567°N 19.417°E  / 45.567; 19.417 Pannonian Rusyns Pannonian Rusyns ( Rusyn : Русини , romanized:  Rusynŷ ), also known as Pannonian Rusnaks ( Rusyn : Руснаци , romanized:  Rusnat͡sŷ ), and formerly known as Yugoslav Rusyns (during

992-532: Was founded, in Novi Sad . It became the main center for publication of Rusyn newspapers, literary works and school textbooks. In the same year, Rusyn high school was opened in Ruski Krstur . In 1970, the Society for Rusyn Language an Literature ( Rusyn : Дружтво за руски язик и литературу ) was established, in Novi Sad. Since 1972, at the Faculty of Philosophy ( University of Novi Sad ), Rusyn studies were initiated, and

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1024-515: Was mentioned for the first time in history in 1495, as a place in Bačka County. Krstur is also mentioned as Kerestur in a charter from 1522. In the Turkish defter from 1590, Krstur is mentioned as Upper (gornji) Krstur. During the Turkish rule, Krstur was inhabited by an Orthodox population. In 1715, Krstur had 11 households, in 1720, 14 households, and in 1725, Krstur had 20 households. In 1741, all

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