40-597: Krishikar Lok Party (Peasants People's Party) was a political party in the Hyderabad State , India, which existed from April to June 1951. The KLP was formed when Acharya N. G. Ranga separated from the Hyderabad State Praja Party . KLP contested 1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election and won 15 seats. In 1959, N. G. Ranga, along with C. Rajagopalachari , broke away from the Congress party and established
80-460: A sovereign democratic republic. The new republic was also declared to be a "Union of States". The constitution of 1950 distinguished between three main types of states: Andhra State was created on 1 October 1953 from the Telugu -speaking northern districts of Madras State . The French enclave of Chandernagore was transferred to West Bengal in 1954. In the same year Pondicherry , comprising
120-424: Is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories , for a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into 806 districts and smaller administrative divisions . The states of India are self-governing administrative divisions, each having a state government . The governing powers of the states are shared between the state government and the union government . On
160-765: The Crown Colony of Burma . In 1947, the last Act of the Crown was passed. The act dissolved the Indian Empire, the Imperial Legislative Council and the Chamber of Princes and the Union of India was consequently established from 9 former Indian provinces ( East Punjab , United Provinces , Central Provinces , Madras , Bombay , Bihar , Orissa , West Bengal and Assam ) and 562 former Indian states. Between 1947 and 1950,
200-675: The Indian Independence Act 1947 , the British abandoned all such alliances, leaving the states with the option of opting for full independence. However, by 1948 almost all had acceded to either India or Pakistan. One major exception was that of the wealthiest and most powerful principality, Hyderabad, where the Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII , a Muslim ruler who presided over a largely Hindu population, chose independence and hoped to maintain this with an irregular army . The Nizam
240-777: The Praja Party and attended a Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party meeting in Patna . During the formation of a sub-committee, Prakasam's name was included, but Ranga's followers' request to include his name was ignored. Dissatisfied, Ranga left the Congress and established the KLP with support from followers in Gujarat , Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh . Key members of the party like Kandula Obul Reddy , Peddireddy Timmareddy, Gouthu Latchanna , Bharati Devi , V.V. Ramana, N.V. Naidu, Chegireddi Bali Reddi and Paturi Rajagopala Naidu were instrumental in implementing
280-513: The Swatantra Party due to their dissatisfaction with Nehru's increasingly socialist policies, including the implementation of land reforms and cooperative farming processes. Ranga assumed the role of its first president of the Swatantra Party . The Krishikar Lok Party (KLP) was founded by N.G. Ranga , who left the Congress after losing the 1951 election for Congress president. Dissatisfied, Ranga, along with Tanguturi Prakasam Panthulu , formed
320-580: The Telangana Rebellion and the rise of a radical militia known as the Razakars whom he could not put down. On 7 September, Jawaharlal Nehru gave ultimatum to Nizam, demanding ban on the Razakars and return of Indian troops to Secunderabad . India invaded the state by 13 September 1948, following a crippling economic blockade, and multiple attempts at destabilising the state through railway disruptions,
360-466: The Emperor's representative to the constituent states of the province. The first three of the lieutenant-governorships were territories annexed to India from other powers and temporarily governed by the erstwhile Bengal Presidency, before being made into their own separate provinces. Agra and Bengal were still considered de jure parts of the defunct Bengal Presidency for judicial and legal purposes. Agra
400-468: The Government of India introduced legislation to merge the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli into a single union territory to be known as Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu , effective from 26 January 2020. Ladakh UT The Constitution of India distributes the sovereign executive and legislative powers exercisable with respect to the territory of any state between
440-598: The Indian Constitution to be applicable to the State of Hyderabad. The Instrument of Accession was signed by the Nizam on January 25, 1950. Later the next day, as India became a Republic on January 26, Nizam took over as the Raj Pramukh . On September 20, 1948, during the 359th meeting of Security Council a representative from India informed that Nizam had instructed the representative of Hyderabad decided to withdraw
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#1732855908541480-485: The Indian Union and the state's monarchy was abolished. In 1987, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram became states on 20 February, followed by Goa on 30 May, while erstwhile union territory of Goa, Daman and Diu 's northern exclaves Damão and Diu became a separate union territory as Daman and Diu . In November 2000, three new states were created, namely: Pondicherry was renamed Puducherry in 2007 and Orissa
520-646: The accession of the State of Hyderabad into the Union on 17 September 1948. It existed from 1948 to 1956. Hyderabad State comprised present day Telangana , Marathwada and Hyderabad-Karnataka Following the States Reorganisation Act , which implemented a linguistic reorganisation of states, the Hyderabad state was dissolved. Its different regions were merged with Andhra State , Mysore State and Bombay State respectively. The princely state of Hyderabad
560-463: The bombing of government buildings, and raids on border villages. After the defeat of Razakars, the Nizam signed an instrument of accession, joining India. The operation led to massive violence on communal lines , at times perpetrated by the Indian Army. The Sunderlal Committee, appointed by Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru , concluded that between 30,000–40,000 people had died in total in
600-541: The coastal areas. Andhra and the Telugu speaking parts of Hyderabad State were merged to form Andhra Pradesh on 1 November 1956, after providing safeguards to Telangana in the form of Gentlemen's agreement . In June 2014, Andhra Pradesh was split and Telangana was created as a separate state. Hyderabad city remained as the joint capital of both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for 10 years till 1st June 2024. States and union territories of India India
640-635: The complaint from Security Council. On 22 September 1948 a cable sent by Nizam to Secretary General confirmed the same. The cable also stated that that Hyderabad delegation at United Nations ceased to have any authority to either represent Hyderabad or the Nizam. The Hyderabad delegation denied this, however on 24 September the delegation of Hyderabad confirmed the same and informed Security Council that Hyderabad State has surrendered and Government India had instructed Agents-General of Hyderabad to suspend all overseas activities. A military government headed by Major General J. N. Chaudhuri who led Operation Polo
680-626: The direct rule of the Emperor of India (who was also the King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions ) and a few minor states, ruled by Indian princes under the suzerainty of the Emperor. A Governor or Lieutenant-Governor acted as the representative of the Emperor to that province and head of government of the directly ruled territories in the province. The governor or lieutenant-governor also served as
720-550: The election, upon Jawaharlal Nehru 's request, Ranga merged KLP with the Congress party. He was elected to the Congress in the 1957 general election from the Tenali Lok Sabha constituency . This article about an Indian political party is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hyderabad State (1948%E2%80%931956) Hyderabad State was a state in Dominion and later Republic of India , formed after
760-573: The former French enclaves of Pondichéry , Karikal , Yanaon and Mahé , was transferred to India. This became a union territory in 1962. Also in 1954, pro-India forces liberated the Portuguese-held enclaves of Dadrá and Nagar Aveli , declaring the short-lived de facto state of Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli . In 1961, India annexed it as the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli . The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 reorganised
800-636: The head of state as Rajpramukh till 1956 when Hyderabad State was split on linguistic basis and reorganised into three states. The state witnessed Mulkhi agitation in 1952 by the locals after government jobs meant for the locals were given to non-locals. In the first State Assembly election in India, 1952 , Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected Chief Minister of Hyderabad State. During this time there were violent agitations by some Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly implement 'Mulki-rules'(Local jobs for locals only), which
840-472: The other hand, the union territories are directly governed by the union government. The Indian Empire was a very complex political entity consisting of various imperial divisions and states and territories of varying autonomy. At the time of its establishment in 1876, it was made up of 584 constituent states and the directly ruled territories of the Crown . The entire empire was divided into provinces and agencies. A province consisted of territory under
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#1732855908541880-674: The party from the Bharatpur Sawaimadhopur constituency. In the 1952 General Elections, the party fielded candidates, including N.G. Ranga and his wife Bharati Devi, in key constituencies but only managed to win 19 seats. None of the seats were secured in Krishna district and Guntur district , where the party was popular. Neerukunda Rama Rao won a seat in East Godavari district due to his personal reputation. The remaining 18 seats came from Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam in one corner of
920-512: The party's program. The State convention of the party took place in Tenali , Andhra Pradesh in 1951, drawing a large crowd. The party decided to participate in the Duggirala by-election, putting forward Ancha Venkateswarlu as its candidate with high expectations. Venkateswarlu was defeated by Congress candidate, Meduri Nageswara Rao . KLP contested the 1951 Lok Sabha elections , winning one seat for
960-459: The provinces with only territories under direct Crown rule. The latter years of the Indian Empire saw the enactment of the last Government of India Act by the Crown. This act granted full autonomy to Indian provinces. Provincial laws no longer needed the assent of the governor-general. This act created the office of a Premier in each province, who functioned as the new head of government and
1000-631: The provinces. However a good number of states were organised into imperial structures called agencies, or residencies. An Agent to the Governor-General (AGG) functioned as the Emperor's representative to all the states in the agency. In 1919, the fourth Government of India was enacted by the Crown. This saw many major changes. The legislatures of the provinces were made elected ones rather than nominated ones. Some provinces were given bicameral legislatures . All provinces were elevated to governorships and all lieutenant governors were made governors. Burma
1040-514: The representative of the Emperor . In addition to these, there were certain territories ruled directly by the Government of India through nominated chief commissioners. These were former independent states annexed to India and since ruled directly by the Supreme Government. A vast majority of the Indian states in the late nineteenth century were, in terms of imperial divisions, organised within
1080-525: The state and Chittoor from another corner. Timma Reddy and Gouthu Latchanna were important elected candidates. The Krishikar Lok Party played an important role in the Madras State Legislative Assembly by supporting C. Rajagopalachari in forming the ministry. In the 1955 Andhra State Legislative Assembly election , an alliance was formed among Indian National Congress , Praja Party and KLP, resulting in KLP winning 22 seats. Following
1120-400: The state, in a report which was not released until 2013. Other responsible observers estimated the number of deaths to be 200,000 or higher. Following the Nizam's forces surrender on September 17, 1948, a military government headed by Major General J. N. Chaudhuri who led Operation Polo was established. A firman was issued by the Nizam on November 24, 1949 wherein he accepted henceforth
1160-484: The states based on linguistic lines resulting in the creation of the new states. As a result of this act: Bombay State was split into the linguistic states of Gujarat and Maharashtra on 1 May 1960 by the Bombay Reorganisation Act. The former Union Territory of Nagaland achieved statehood on 1 December 1963. The Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 resulted in the creation of Haryana on 1 November and
1200-552: The territories of the princely states were politically integrated into the new Indian Union . Most were merged into existing provinces. Others were organised into new provinces and states , such as Rajasthan , Himachal Pradesh , Malwa Union , Baghelkhand and Bundelkhand States Union , and Patiala and East Punjab States Union , made up of multiple princely states. A few, including Mysore , Hyderabad , Bhopal , and Bilaspur , became separate states. The new Constitution of India , which came into force on 26 January 1950, made India
1240-415: The transfer of the northern districts of Punjab to Himachal Pradesh . The act designated Chandigarh as a union territory and the shared capital of Punjab and Haryana. Madras State was renamed Tamil Nadu in 1969. The north-eastern states of Manipur , Meghalaya and Tripura were formed on 21 January 1972. Mysore State was renamed Karnataka in 1973. On 16 May 1975, Sikkim became the 22nd state of
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1280-455: Was also beset by the Telangana rebellion , which he was unable to crush. In November 1947, Hyderabad signed a standstill agreement with the Dominion of India , continuing all previous arrangements except for the stationing of Indian troops in the state. India felt that the establishment of a Communist state in Hyderabad would be a threat to the country. Nizam's power had weakened because of
1320-503: Was annexed by India in September 1948 through a military operation code-named Operation Polo , which was dubbed a " police action ". At the time of partition of India in 1947, the princely states of India, who in principle had self-government within their territories, were subject to subsidiary alliances with the British , which gave control of external relations to the British. With
1360-401: Was established. He stayed on as Military Governor till December 1949. On 1 December 1949, the military government was dissolved and a civilian government headed by M. K. Vellodi was formed in its place. Later in 1952, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao became the second Chief Minister of Hyderabad State and the first democratically elected Chief Minister. The last Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan continued as
1400-501: Was given a special status and made an autonomous province. The Chamber of Princes was established by Emperor George V in 1920. One of the major consequences of this was the creation of many more agencies from the states of the provinces, thus granting them direct relations with the Emperor instead of with the Governors. This saw the separation of all the states from the provinces and addition to before-mentioned agencies. This left all
1440-445: Was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telugu-speaking Telangana region of Hyderabad State with Andhra State , despite their common language. Para 378 of the SRC report said One of the principal causes of opposition of Vishalandhra also seems to be the apprehension felt by the educationally backward people of Telangana that they may be swamped and exploited by the more advanced people of
1480-539: Was part of Hyderabad state law since 1919. Administratively, Hyderabad State was made up of sixteen districts, grouped into four divisions: . In 1956 during the reorganisation of the Indian states based along linguistic lines, the Telugu-speaking region of the state of Hyderabad State was merged with Andhra State . The Marathi speaking region was merged with Bombay State and Kannada speaking region with Mysore State . The States Reorganisation Commission (SRC)
1520-578: Was renamed Odisha in 2011. Telangana was created on 2 June 2014 from ten former districts of north-western Andhra Pradesh . In August 2019, the Parliament of India passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 , which contains provisions to reorganise the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories; Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh , effective from 31 October 2019. Later that year in November,
1560-399: Was responsible to the provincial legislature. Bengal, Madras and Bombay which had been till now styled Presidencies, were now officially styled as provinces. The provinces of Orissa and Sind were created from Bihar and Bombay respectively. The Province of Burma which had previously functioned as an autonomous province of India was now separated from the Indian Empire, and established as
1600-492: Was separated in 1878 and merged with Oudh . The Bengal Presidency was re-established in 1912 as a governorship. All these provinces had their own legislatures established by the Indian Councils Acts, and high courts established by Indian High Courts Acts. Laws passed by these legislatures needed the dual assent of the governor or lieutenant-governor of the province and the governor-general of India , who functioned as
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