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25-744: The eastern terminus of the Kiel Canal is located along Kiel Förde leading into the Port of Kiel . At its narrowest point, the "Friedrichsorter Enge", the fjord is only one kilometre wide. The river Schwentine enters Kieler Förde near Kiel-Dietrichsdorf. Locations along the Kieler Förde: From north to south: From south to north: 54°22′4″N 10°10′23″E  /  54.36778°N 10.17306°E  / 54.36778; 10.17306 Kiel Canal The Kiel Canal ( German : Nord-Ostsee-Kanal , lit.   'North–East Sea–Canal', formerly

50-410: A tender , is a boat or ship used to service or support other boats or ships . This is generally done by transporting people or supplies to and from shore or another ship. A second and distinctly different meaning for "tender" is small boats carried by larger vessels, to be used either as lifeboats, or as transport to shore, or both. For a variety of reasons, it is not always advisable to try to tie

75-497: A "hybrid" crew. The commanding officer and approximately 200 technicians are Navy personnel, while the operation of the ship itself is performed by merchant mariners . Prior to the turn-over, both ships had more than 1,000 sailors. While at this time the ships still bear the AS classification, both ship's primary mission has been expanded well beyond submarines to include service and support of any Naval vessel in their operational area. Under

100-468: A ship up at a dock; the weather or the sea might be rough, the time might be short, or the ship too large to fit. In such cases tenders provide the link from ship to shore, and may have a very busy schedule of back-and-forth trips while the ship is in port. On cruise ships , lifeboat tenders do double duty, serving as tenders in day-to-day activities, but fully equipped to act as lifeboats in an emergency. They are generally carried on davits just above

125-656: Is also served by 14 ferry lines. Most noteworthy is the “ hanging ferry ” ( German : Schwebefähre , literally: "hovering ferry") that is hanging underneath the Rendsburg High Bridge . This hanging ferry was replaced after a collision with a ship in 2016, and returned to service in 2022. All ferries are run by the Canal Authority and their use is free of charge. 53°53′N 9°08′E  /  53.883°N 9.133°E  / 53.883; 9.133 Ship%27s tender A ship's tender , usually referred to as

150-658: The Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal ) is a 98-kilometer-long (61 mi) fresh water canal that links the North Sea ( Nordsee ) to the Baltic Sea ( Ostsee ). It runs through the German state of Schleswig-Holstein , from Brunsbüttel to the Holtenau district of Kiel . It was constructed from 1887-95 and widened from 1907-14. In addition to the two sea entrances, at Oldenbüttel

175-522: The Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet , the U.S. Navy and MARAD are engaged in an aggressive disposal program that will scrap all of those ships by 2017. While the Navy's plans for tenders held in reserve in other places (such as inactivated submarine tenders USS  McKee and USS  Simon Lake held at Inactive Ships, St. Juliens Creek Annex ) were not addressed in that lawsuit, since its settlement,

200-550: The Treaty of Versailles required the canal to be open to vessels of commerce and of war of any nation at peace with Germany, while leaving it under German administration. (The United States opposed this proposal to avoid setting a precedent for similar concessions on the Panama Canal . ) The government under Adolf Hitler repudiated its international status in 1936, but the canal was reopened to all traffic after World War II . In 1948,

225-411: The promenade deck , and may at first glance appear to be regular lifeboats; but they are usually larger and better-equipped. Current lifeboat tender designs favor catamaran models, since they are less likely to roll in the calm to moderate conditions in which tenders are usually used. They typically carry up to 100 to 150 passengers and two to three crew members. Before these ships were mass-produced,

250-688: The Kiel Canal is linked to the navigable River Eider by the short Gieselau Canal . An average of 460 km (290 mi) is saved by using the Kiel Canal instead of going around the Jutland Peninsula . This saves time and fuel, avoids storm-prone seas, and avoids passing through the Danish straits . The Kiel Canal is one of the world's most frequented artificial waterways with an annual average of 32,000 ships (90 daily), transporting approximately 100 million tonnes of goods. The first connection between

275-504: The Navy has indicated its desire to dispose of such ships as soon as possible . Apparently not completely willing to wean itself from tenders all together – but with an eye towards reducing costs – the last two tenders remaining in active service have now been operationally turned over to the Military Sealift Command. Emory S. Land -class submarine tenders USS  Emory S. Land and USS  Frank Cable now operate with

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300-623: The North Sea without the need to sail around Denmark . In June 1887, construction started at Holtenau , near Kiel. The canal took over 9,000 workers eight years to build. On 20 June 1895, Kaiser Wilhelm II officially opened the canal for transiting from Brunsbüttel to Holtenau. The next day a ceremony took place in Holtenau, where Wilhelm II named the waterway the Kaiser Wilhelm Kanal (after his grandfather, Kaiser Wilhelm I ), and laid

325-666: The North and Baltic Seas was constructed while the area was ruled by Denmark–Norway . It was called the Eider Canal and used stretches of the Eider River for the link between the two seas. Completed during the reign of Christian VII of Denmark in 1784, the Eiderkanal was a 43 km (27 mi) part of a 175 km (109 mi) waterway from Kiel to the Eider River's mouth at Tönning on

350-451: The US Navy were, respectively, AS and AD, while general repair ships were AR. Naval tenders fell out of use during the late 20th century, as the speed and range of warships increased (reducing the need for advanced basing ). By the end of the 20th century, all of the tenders in the U.S. Navy had been inactivated except for two submarine tenders . As a result of the settlement of lawsuits over

375-518: The canal on eleven fixed links . The bridges have a clearance of 42 m (138 ft) allowing for ship heights up to 40 m (130 ft). The oldest bridge still in use is the Levensau High Bridge from 1893; however, the bridge will be replaced in the course of a canal expansion already underway. In sequence and in the direction of the official kilometre count from west (Brunsbüttel) to east (Holtenau) these crossings are: Local traffic

400-522: The current name was adopted. The canal was partially closed for a period in March 2013 after two lock gates failed at the western end near Brunsbüttel. Ships larger than 125 m (410 ft) were forced to navigate via Skagerrak , a 450 km (280 mi) detour. The failure was blamed on neglect and a lack of funding by the German Federal Government , which had been in financial dispute with

425-524: The final stone. British director Birt Acres filmed the opening of the canal; the Science Museum in London preserves surviving footage of this early film. The first vessel to pass through the canal was the aviso SMS  Jagd , sent through in late April (before the canal officially opened) to determine if it was ready for use. In May, the tender Otter also passed through the canal. To cope with

450-569: The increasing traffic and the demands of the Imperial German Navy , between 1907 and 1914 the canal was widened by Germany to allow dreadnought battleships to pass through, allowing them to travel between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea without having to go around Denmark. Two larger canal locks in Brunsbüttel and Holtenau were installed to complete the enlargement. After World War I ,

475-407: The main way to board a larger ship (mainly ocean liners) was to board a passenger tender. Passenger tenders remained based at their ports of registry, and when a ship came through the area, the tender would tie up with the ship and embark passengers on an elevated walkway. These vessels were larger, had a greater passenger capacity, and a broader sense of individuality in their respective companies than

500-462: The maximum width ( beam ) of 32.50 m (106.6 ft); these ships can have a draught of up to 7.00 m (22.97 ft). Ships up to a length of 160.00 m (524.93 ft) may have a draught up to 9.50 m (31.2 ft). The bulker Ever Leader (deadweight 74001 t) is considered to be the cargo ship that to date has come closest to the overall limits. Several railway lines and federal roads ( Autobahnen and Bundesstraßen ) cross

525-558: The more modern tenders seen today. Because of their increased size, lifeboats and life preservers were commonplace on board these ships (with two lifeboats being typical for an average tender). Before the technologies that allow submarines and destroyers to operate independently matured by the latter half of the 20th century (and significantly during the Second World War ), they were heavily dependent upon tenders to perform most maintenance and supply. Their hull classification symbols in

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550-417: The passing of oncoming ships. Larger ships may also be required to moor at the bollards provided at intervals along the canal to allow the passage of oncoming vessels. Special rules apply to pleasure craft. All permanent, fixed bridges crossing the canal since its construction have a clearance of 42 m (138 ft). Maximum length for ships passing the Kiel Canal is 235.50 m (772.6 ft), with

575-441: The state of Schleswig-Holstein regarding the canal. Germany's Federal Transport Ministry promised rapid repairs. The canal is governed by detailed traffic rules. Each vessel using the canal is categorized into one of six traffic groups according to its dimensions. Larger ships are obliged to accept pilots and specialized canal helmsmen, in some cases even the assistance of a tugboat . Furthermore, there are regulations regarding

600-561: The traditional Navy classification, both ships should be reclassified as AR (Auxiliary Repair), however since now operated by the MSC it is doubtful such a reassignment will occur. Emory S. Land is forward deployed in the Indian Ocean at Diego Garcia while Frank Cable is forward-deployed in the Pacific at Polaris Point, Apra Harbor, Guam. Such forward deployments are to provide service and support at

625-572: The west coast. It was only 29 m (95 ft) wide with a depth of 3 m (9.8 ft), which limited the vessels that could use the canal to 300 tonnes . After 1864, the Second Schleswig War put Schleswig-Holstein under the government of Prussia (from 1871 the German Empire ). A new canal was sought by merchants and by the German navy , which wanted to link its bases in the Baltic and

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