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21-530: Khakhuli was a very important centre of literature and Georgian culture and many Georgian scholars and theologians studied and worked in Khakhuli including Basil of Khakhuli , Ioane Khakhuleli , Davit Tbileli , and Giorgi Mtatsmindeli . Khakhuli Monastery was founded in the second half of the 10th century by King David III Kurapalates and later the community advanced into an economically advanced region including 300 villages and 30 independent minor feudal lords. In

42-737: A jeweler and had the opportunity to join Duzian as a full business partner, he instead decided to abandon secular life and join the Mekhitarist Congregation . In March 1757, Chamchian left for the Mekhitarists' monastery on the island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni in Venice with a letter of recommendation from Mekhitarist fathers Mikayel Sebastatsi and Mkrtich Ananian and entered the Mekhitarist monastic academy․ He took his monastic vows in 1759 and took

63-535: A king" and Prince Ioann of Georgia , writing in 1813–28, made him a member of the Bagrationi dynasty . This led to his identification, first by Platon Ioseliani in 1853, as an otherwise unknown son of King Bagrat III. The hypothesis has not been universally accepted for the medieval Georgian sources know only Bagrat III's one son, George I , but it is maintained by the Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia and

84-595: A skilled religious writer, and translator from the Greek. On this account, Basil has been canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church, which commemorates him on 27 May ( N.S. 9 June). Mikayel Chamchian Mikayel Chamchian ( Armenian : Միքայէլ Չամչեան , 4 December 1738 – 30 November 1823), known also in English as Michael Chamich , was an Armenian Mekhitarist monk , historian, grammarian and theologian. He

105-554: Is best known for writing a comprehensive and influential history of Armenia in three volumes. Mikayel Chamchian (whose baptismal name was Karapet) was born in Constantinople on 4 December 1738 to Abraham Chamchian. He received his primary education in Constantinople's Catholic schools, then was trained as a jeweler by his distant relative, the imperial jeweler and amira Mikayel Chelebi Duzian. Although Chamchian gained renown as

126-470: Is divided into periods according to ruling Armenian dynasties and times of foreign domination. Chamchian provided a chronology for the legendary Armenian patriarchs (using the one laid down by Movses Khorenatsi in his History of Armenia as his source), dating Hayk 's battle with Belus , and thus the formation of the Armenian people, to 2107 BC. He is also the source for the traditionally accepted date for

147-921: Is furnished with twisted, paired shafts and the arches relying on them. An Iconic 12th-century triptych Icon of the Mother of God created at the Khakhuli Monastery is one of Georgia's finest examples of medieval Georgian goldsmithery, and is now located in the Art Museum of Georgia . Also, there are several small chapels around the Church, within the circuit wall, one of which dates from the 10th century. Khakhuli retrieved from Parliament. Ge [1] 40°51′44″N 41°45′37″E  /  40.86222°N 41.76028°E  / 40.86222; 41.76028 Basil of Khakhuli Basil, son of Bagrat ( Georgian : ბასილი ბაგრატის ძე , romanized : basili bagrat'is dze )

168-523: The 16th century, prior to the Ottoman conquest of southern Georgian territories, Khakhuli was part of Kartli Catholicate and after the Ottoman conquest of Tao , Khakhuli got isolated from Georgia. Monastic complex includes Khakhuli Church, Georgian cross-dome church reflecting the early cross-dome style of architecture. The Khakhuli Church has a dome with arcs, which is supported by the apse corners and two free-standing piers. Interior, windows, as well as

189-614: The Armenian-populated Transylvanian town of Ibașfalău ( Bashbalov or Yeghisabetupolis in Armenian, now called Dumbrăveni), where he remained until April 1790. While in Ibașfalău, Chamchian contributed greatly to the development of the local Armenian school and cultivated a plan for the creation of Armenian boarding schools. Despite the pleas of the local Armenian community for him to remain, Chamchian returned to Venice after recovering his health. His next major work

210-531: The Christianization of Armenia as 301 AD. An abridged version of Chamchian's History was published in 1811 and it was later translated into English and Turkish. The immense labor of writing and publishing History of Armenia took its toll on Chamchian's health, and in 1789 he was dismissed from his teaching position and sent to recover at sanatoria in Austria and Hungary . He first went to Trieste , then to

231-467: The Georgian Orthodox Church. According to the historian G. Goiladze, Basil may have been the same person as Gurgen, Bagrat III's son of his first marriage, unknown to the Georgian sources, but mentioned by the 18th-century Armenian author Mikayel Chamchian . He, thus, may have been born c. 981 and still been alive in 1040. The available sources mention Basil as a pious monk, great philosopher and theologian,

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252-467: The Mekhitarist Congregation. In 1779 he published his Kerakanutiun Haykazian Lezvi ( Քերականութիւն Հայկազեան լեզուի , Grammar of the Armenian language), which was regarded as the best existing Classical Armenian grammar textbook for nearly a century and found wide use in Armenian schools. Chamchian's grammar was the first to reject Latin influence on Armenian grammar and was based on

273-521: The election of the new abbot of the monastery on San Lazzaro following the death of Abbot Stepanos. Although the Mekhitarist monks attempted to keep Chamchian in Venice by appointing him supervisor of the monastic school, he returned to Constantinople at the request of the Armenian Catholic community there. In his last years in Constantinople, Chamchian, together with other Mekhitarists, took steps to ease

294-420: The facades of the church is adorned with ornaments. The west arm is divided into three "naves" and the east arm terminates in a semicircular apse, flanked with one compartment on each side, also topped with small apses. The south window has an interesting decoration: it is topped with radial rays formed of stones of two colors and between the arches of the paired window an image of an eagle can be seen. The drum

315-531: The history, frequently making changes and additions and delaying the final publication of the volumes in order to consult more sources as they became available to him. Chamchian's History was the most popular Armenian history for nearly a hundred years. It was highly influential among Armenians and is credited with strengthening Armenian national consciousness. It has also been criticized for failing to approach many of its sources criticically and for "frequently accept[ing] sheer legends as solid facts." The History

336-602: The literary tradition of the Georgian church. The 11th-century Vitae of George the Hagiorite refers to Basil as "the Great" and "a tutor and enlightener of our country". He is also venerated in the 1027–1034 manuscript copied at the Khakhuli hermitage in Klarjeti , where Basil dwelt. The 18th-century Georgian scholar Catholicos Anton I was the first to surmise that Basil was "the son of

357-483: The name Mikayel in honor of Mikayel Sebastatsi. Chamchian's elder brother Hakobos was also a Mekhitarist monk. After graduating from the academy in 1762, he was ordained priest and became a teacher at the monastery. It was at this time that Chamchian began researching and collecting materials for his future writings, although this work was interrupted in 1769 when Abbot Stepanos Melkonian ordained him vardapet and sent him to conduct missionary activities and tend to

378-650: The spiritual needs of the Catholic Armenian community in Basra . During his time as a missionary, Chamchian visited various Armenian communities in the Near East and sought out Armenian manuscripts—histories of Armenia in particular—to acquire or copy and send back to San Lazzaro. Chamchian returned to Venice in 1775 due to his poor health (exacerbated by the climate and outbreak of plague in Basra) and taught novices seeking to join

399-405: The study of select Classical Armenian texts from the 5th to 13th centuries. from 1785 to 1788, he published his monumental three-volume Patmutiun Hayots (History of Armenia, inaccurately dated to 1784–1786). In this work, Chamchian sought to present a comprehensive history of Armenia from Creation to his own time using various Armenian and non-Armenian sources. He was meticulous in writing

420-509: Was a commentary on the Book of Psalms ( Meknutiun Saghmosats , 10 volumes), and most of his works from this period are on religious and theological subjects. He was sent away from Venice once again for health reasons to his birthplace, Constantinople, in early 1795. There, Chamchian acted as a senior Mekhitarist representative and resumed his historical writing and educational activities. Chamchian briefly returned to Venice in 1800 to participate in

441-583: Was an 11th-century Georgian monk and man of letters in the Kingdom of Georgia , frequently identified as a son of King Bagrat III . He was active at the Khakhuli Monastery . He is a saint of the Georgian Orthodox Church . The surviving evidence on Basil's life is scarce and no work of his exists, but he is unanimously praised in the medieval and early modern Georgian sources for his contribution to

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