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28-1070: Kayan may refer to: Ethnography [ edit ] Kayan people (Myanmar) Padaung language Zayein or Kayan Lahta Yinbaw or Kayan Kangan Geku or Kayan Kadao Kayan people (Borneo) Kayan language (Borneo) , dialect cluster spoken in Borneo Kayan–Murik languages , group of Austronesian languages that includes the Kayan dialect cluster Geography [ edit ] Kayan, Baghlan , town in Baghlan Province, Afghanistan Kayan, Armenia , town in Armenia Kayan, Iran , city in Iran Kian , Iran Kian, Isfahan , Iran Kayan, Ergani Other [ edit ] Kayan (musician) , Indian musician Sayed Kayan , spiritual, leadership title for Sadats of Kayan . Topics referred to by

56-408: A girl, his parents will approach her parents with a gift. If the girl accepts then the couple are now engaged. The young man's family have to provide a dowry to seal the contract. Usually the daughter-in-law will move in with her husband upon marriage and in that case, the price is higher than if the man moves in with his wife. The contract ceremony may be ended by the families eating chicken provided by

84-408: A length of about 15 inches (38 cm), pushing down the collarbone, compressing the rib cage, and pulling up about four thoracic vertebrae into the neck. Many ideas regarding why the coils are worn have been suggested. Anthropologists have hypothesized that the rings protected women from becoming slaves, making them less attractive to other tribes. It has also been theorised that the coils originate from

112-635: Is Huay Pu Keng , on the Pai river, close to the Thai Myanmar border. Huai Seau Tao is a commercial village opened in 1995. Many of the residents of Ban Nai Soi Kayan Longneck village moved into the Karenni refugee camp in September 2008, but 20 families and 104 residents remain there, according to the sign at the entrance as of February 2001. Women of the Kayan tribes identify themselves by their forms of dress. Women of

140-446: Is also an opportunity for Kayan from different villages to come together to maintain the solidarity of the tribe. The Kayan have a strong belief in augury and nothing is done without reference to some form of divination, including breaking thatch grass, but most importantly consulting the chicken bones. In present times, the annual Kay Htein Bo festival is always accompanied by a reading of

168-721: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Kayan people (Myanmar) Padaung (Yan Pa Doung) is a Shan term for the Kayan Lahwi (the group in which women wear the brass neck rings ). The Kayan residents in Mae Hong Son Province in Northern Thailand refer to themselves as Kayan and object to being called Padaung. In The Hardy Padaungs (1967) Khin Maung Nyunt , one of

196-441: Is linked by the newly constructed Aungpan - Pinlaung -Loikaw rail line. There are express buses from Loikaw to Yangon, Mandalay and other towns. The town is home to Loikaw University , Technological University, Loikaw , Computer University, Loikaw . Loikaw Education College Loikaw General Hospital serves not only locals in the state but also to those in the southern part of neighbouring Shan State . The existing buildings of

224-402: Is only those genetically related are allowed to marry. It is preferable for first cousins to get married. However, marriage between different generations is taboo. Marriages with in-laws or conflicting clans who have sworn not to marry for several generations is forbidden. It is believed that if these rules are violated, misfortune falls upon all their relatives. When a young man has decided upon

252-454: Is the three-day Kay Htoe Boe festival, which commemorates the belief that the creator god gave form to the world by planting a small post in the ground. During this festival, held in late March or early April, a Kay Htoe Boe pole is erected and participants dance around the pole. This festival is held to venerate the eternal god and creator messengers, to give thanks for blessings during the year, to appeal for forgiveness, and pray for rain. It

280-457: The tradition , though a few older women and some of the younger girls in remote villages continued to wear rings. In Thailand, the practice has gained popularity in recent years, because it draws tourists who bring revenue to the tribe and to the local businessmen who run the villages and collect an entry fee of 500 to 600 baht per person. The Karenni National People's Liberation Front (KNPLF) , an armed cease-fire group, have made attempts to invite

308-630: The 2021 coup, Loikaw has been the scene of intense fighting between the Burmese military and ethnic armed groups opposed to military control, forcing many of the city's residents to flee. On 7 November 2023, the Karenni National People's Liberation Front , Karenni Army , and Karenni Nationalities Defence Force launched a military offensive known as Operation 1107 against the ruling State Administration Council junta. An additional offensive, known as Operation 1111 , started on 11 November 2023 with

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336-853: The Japanese as war reparation ) is located about 20 km (12 mi) east of Loikaw at Lawpita Falls . The town of Loikaw comprises 13 urban wards , namely Naungya, Daw-ukhu, Mainglon, Mingala, Dhammayon, Zaypaing, Shwetaung, Landama, Dawtanma, Dawnoeku, Shansu, and Minsu wards. Loikaw was the Headquarters of the Political Officer in Charge of the Karenni States , part of the Princely States of British Burma, in 1922 during British rule in Burma . The town

364-404: The Kayan Lahwi tribe are well known for wearing neck rings , brass coils that are placed around the neck, appearing to lengthen it. Girls first start to wear rings when they are around 5 years old. Over the years, the coil is replaced by a longer one and more turns are added. The weight of the brass pushes the collar bone down and compresses the rib cage . The rings can stretch their necks to

392-466: The Kayan to return to Kayah State to set up their own tourist villages. In January 2008, the UNHCR expressed reservations about tourists visiting the Kayan villages in Northern Thailand due to the provincial government’s refusal to allow registered Kayan refugees to take up offers of resettlement in developed countries. It is believed this policy was linked to their economic importance to the area. This policy

420-428: The aim of capturing Loikaw. By 18 December, anti-junta forces were reported to have control of 85% of the city. The 2014 Myanmar Census reported that Loikaw had a population of 51,349, constituting 40.0% of Loikaw Township 's total population. Loikaw has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen Aw ) bordering on a humid subtropical climate ( Cwa ). Loikaw is linked to Yangon and Mandalay by air. Loikaw

448-504: The area of the neck and collarbone often becomes bruised and discolored. Additionally, the collar feels like an integral part of the body after ten or more years of continuous wear. In 2006, some of the younger women in Mae Hong Son started to remove their rings, either to give them the opportunity to continue their education or in protest against the exploitation of their culture and the restrictions that came with it. In late 2008, most of

476-545: The chicken bones to predict the year ahead. Fowl bone prognostication can be witnessed in the Kayan villages in Thailand's Mae Hong Son province during the annual festival, and during "cleansing ceremonies" that a family holds when it has encountered ill fortune. They also use dreams to make predictions. As hilltribes these minority groups can be categorised into different ethnicities and races with various languages and religious beliefs. Traditional Kayaws believe in tree spirits but

504-438: The desire to look more attractive by exaggerating sexual dimorphism , as women have more slender necks than men. It has also been suggested that the coils give the women resemblance to a dragon , an important figure in Kayan folklore. The coils might be meant to protect from tiger bites, perhaps literally, but probably symbolically. Kayan women, when asked, acknowledge these ideas, and often say that their purpose for wearing

532-598: The first authors to use the term "Kayan", says that the Padaung prefer to be called Kayan. On the other hand, Pascal Khoo Thwe calls his people Padaung in his 2002 memoir, From the Land of Green Ghosts: A Burmese Odyssey. In the late 1980s and early 1990s due to conflict with the military regime in Myanmar, many Kayan tribes fled to the Thai border area. Among the refugee camps set up there

560-507: The groom's family together. In this way, it is believed that the couple will love each other forever. The bride price consists of several parts: The Kayans' traditional religion is called Kan Khwan, and has been practiced since the people migrated from Mongolia during the Bronze Age. It includes the belief that the Kayan people are the result of a union between a female dragon and a male human/ angel hybrid . The major religious festival

588-706: The new generations are showing acceptance towards Buddhism and Christianity. Loikaw Loikaw ( Burmese : လွိုင်ကော်မြို့ ; MLCTS : lwuing kau mrui. , pronounced [lwàɪ(ŋ)kɔ̀ mjo̰] ) is the capital of Kayah State , also known as Karenni State, in Myanmar . It is located in the Karen Hills area, near the State's northern tip, just above an embayment on the Pilu River . The inhabitants are mostly Kayah ( Karenni ). Myanmar's largest hydropower plant (built by

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616-406: The rings is cultural identity (one associated with beauty). The coil, once on, is seldom removed, as the coiling and uncoiling is a lengthy procedure. It is usually only removed to be replaced by a new or longer coil. The muscles covered by the coil become weakened. Many women have removed the rings for medical examinations. Most women prefer to wear the rings once their clavicle has been lowered, as

644-446: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Kayan . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kayan&oldid=1241622675 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

672-692: The three villages open to tourists in Mae Hong Sorn, or in the Ban Mai Nai Soy refugee camp. According to Kayan tradition the Kayan settled in the Demawso area of Karenni State (Kayah State) in 739 AD. Today, they reside in Karenni (Kayah) State around Demawso and Loikow , in the southern region of Shan State and in Mandalay’s Pyinmana and Karen’s Than Daung township. There are three Kayan villages in Mae Hong Son province in Thailand. The largest

700-424: The young women who entered the refugee camp removed their rings. One woman who had worn the rings for over 40 years removed them. After removing the rings, women report discomfort that fades after about three days. The discoloration is more persistent. The government of Myanmar began discouraging neck rings as it struggled to appear more modern to the developed world. Consequently, many women in Myanmar began breaking

728-599: Was a Long Neck section, which became a tourist site, self-sufficient on tourist revenue and not needing financial assistance. According to U Aung Roe (1999:21ss) Kayan number about 90,000 in Shan State (around the Pekhon Township area) about 20,000 around Thandaung kayin state, and 70,000 in Kayah State (around Demawso and Loikaw ). A 2004 estimate puts the population at approximately 180,000. About 600 Kayan reside in

756-707: Was located in the only flat part of the Karenni area. In 1892 it numbered four huts. As an Agent of the British government he was exercising control over the local Karenni Rulers, being supervised by the Superintendent at Taunggyi . The headquarters of the American Baptist Mission to Hill Karens was also located in Loikaw. As with the rest of Kayah State, outsider access to Loikaw has been restricted post-independence, with special permits required to secure entry. Since

784-449: Was relaxed in late 2008 and a small group of Kayan have left for New Zealand in August 2008. Others entered the main Karenni refugee camp (which is not open to tourists) in September 2008 and they are now eligible for resettlement. In the past, the choice of marriage partners was usually the responsibility of the parents; today, young people often select their own partner. The rule of marriage

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