Misplaced Pages

#700299

77-407: Its namesake is the 750 cc Kawasaki H2 Mach IV, an inline triple that was introduced by Kawasaki in 1972 to "disrupt what it saw as a sleeping motorcycle market". Its Ninja H2R track-only variant is the fastest and most powerful production motorcycle on the market, producing a maximum of 310 horsepower (230 kW) and 326 horsepower (243 kW) with ram-air . The H2R has 50% more power than

154-510: A steam hammer " ( Der Tagesspiegel ), "smashes the superbike class" (Gizmag), is "a game changer" (Autoevolution), "a quantum leap into the future that redefines the way we see motorcycles" (Independent Newspapers), and "the poster child of 2-wheeled insanity ... so extreme it's hard to comprehend" ( Road & Track ), or was simply "radical" ( Motor Cycle News ) and even "ludicrous" ( Bloomberg Businessweek ). Cycle World and Motor Cycle News both commented on how Kawasaki had claimed

231-548: A TT record of the highest top speed attained in the Isle of Man by a motorcycle. The top speed of "over 206 mph" (332 km/h) on the Sulby Straight was recorded on Hillier's personal Strava GPS smartphone app for cyclists. On June 30, 2016, Kenan Sofuoglu , a five-time world champion Supersport circuit-racer, made a top speed attempt. Kawasaki supplied a stock H2R augmented only with special tires developed by Pirelli for

308-543: A compressor is incorrect because it represents a flow rate that is independent of a pressure reference. i.e. 20 CFM at 60 PSI. The screw compressor was first patented in 1878 by Heinrich Krigar in Germany , however the patent expired without a working machine being built. The modern helical lobe screw compressor was developed in Sweden by Alf Lysholm who was the chief engineer at Ljungstroms Angturbin . Lysholm developed

385-700: A continuous air demand such as food packaging plants and automated manufacturing systems although a large enough number of intermittent demands, along with some storage, will also present a suitably continuous load. In addition to fixed units, rotary-screw compressors are commonly mounted on tow-behind trailers and powered with small diesel engines. These portable compression systems are typically referred to as construction compressors. Construction compressors are used to provide compressed air to jack hammers, riveting tools, pneumatic pumps, sand blasting operations and industrial paint systems. They are commonly seen at construction sites and on duty with road repair crews throughout

462-604: A land-speed racing event in Mojave, California at the Mojave Air and Space Port airfield in the Mojave Magnum land-speed racing, took a Ninja H2 with just a few bolt-on performance parts adding over 70 horsepower and achieved a top speed of 226.9 mph (365.2 km/h). On August 12, 2018, rider Shigeru Yamashita, with an unofficial team of Kawasaki employees (known as Team 38), set a 202.743 mph (326.28 km/h) speed record in

539-540: A life of 50 million cycles, if not exposed to polyglycol oils. Polyalphaolefin PAO oil is compatible with mineral oil greases. The relatively recently developed conical screw compressor is in effect a conical spiral extension of a gerotor . It does not have the inherent "blow-hole" leakage path which, in well designed screw compressors, is responsible for significant leakage through the assembly. This allows much smaller rotors to have practical efficiency since at smaller sizes

616-514: A mile and a half. Kawasaki quoted the H2R's maximum speed to be 380 kilometres per hour (240 mph). After training and preparing for four months, a speed of 400 kilometres per hour (250 mph) in just 26 seconds was claimed by a video-recording of the bike's dashboard display. The speed was not officially confirmed or independently verified. No fixed point optical sensors for distance/speed calculations, chronometers, or hand-held devices were used, and

693-439: A minimal change in operating cost. When a load/unload control scheme is combined with a timer to stop the compressor after a predetermined period of continuously unloaded operation, it is known as a dual-control or auto-dual scheme. This control scheme still requires storage since there are only two production rates available to match consumption, although significantly less than a start/stop scheme. Instead of starting and stopping

770-455: A new TFT dash, and smartphone connectivity that provides information about the GPS route, speed, RPM, current gear, fuel mileage, fuel level, and odometer. In addition, the 2019 Ninja H2 SX SE+ features electronically controlled suspension. The H2's engine is a 998 cc (60.9 cu in) 4-valve , dual overhead cam inline-4 with a two-speed centrifugal supercharger . The supercharger

847-425: A result. However, multi-stage oil-free compressors, where the air is compressed by several sets of screws, can achieve pressures of over 150 psi (10 atm) and output volume of over 2,000 cubic feet per minute (57 m /min). Oil-free compressors are used in applications where entrained oil carry-over is not acceptable, such as medical research and semiconductor manufacturing. However, this does not preclude

SECTION 10

#1732852776701

924-410: A rotary-type positive-displacement mechanism. These compressors are common in industrial applications and replace more traditional piston compressors where larger volumes of compressed gas are needed, e.g. for large refrigeration cycles such as chillers , or for compressed air systems to operate air-driven tools such as jackhammers and impact wrenches . For smaller rotor sizes the inherent leakage in

1001-475: A screw pump is symmetrical all the way. The gas compression process of a rotary screw is a continuous sweeping motion, so there is very little pulsation or surging of flow, as occurs with piston compressors. This also allows screw compressors to be significantly quieter and produce much less vibration than piston compressors, even at large sizes, and produces some benefits in efficiency. Rotary-screw compressors use two very closely meshing spiral rotors to compress

1078-555: A specialized foundation or mounting system. Normally, rotary-screw compressors are mounted using standard rubber isolation mounts designed to absorb high-frequency vibrations. This is especially true in rotary-screw compressors that operate at high rotational speeds. *To a lesser extent, some compressors are rated in Actual Cubic Feet per Minute ( ACFM ). Still others are rated in Cubic Feet per Minute (CFM). Using CFM to rate

1155-461: A typical drag motorcycle , and a typical land speed record streamliner has a meters-long wheelbase (3.7 meters for the current record holder, Ack Attack ). The H2 was announced by Kawasaki in a late-2014 teaser campaign , and was widely expected to be fully revealed at the Intermot motorcycle trade show the same year. Before full details were released by Kawasaki, the supercharged inline-4 engine

1232-608: A variable-speed drive typically adds significant cost to the design of such a compressor, reducing its economic benefits over a properly sized load/unload compressor if air demand is constant. However, a variable-speed drive provides for a nearly linear relationship between compressor power consumption and free air delivery allowing the most efficient operation over a very wide range of air demand. The compressor will still have to enter start/stop mode for very low demand as efficiency still drops off rapidly at low production rates due to rotor leakage. In harsh environments (hot, humid or dusty)

1309-458: Is a gelatinous, gooey mess. Silicon grease does tolerate Polyglycols. One pneumatic controls manufacturer puts silicon grease on the seals and gaskets. Mineral oil (but not polyalkylene glycol oil) lubricated compressors are recommended for mineral oil greases coated seals, such as pneumatic high speed 4-way valves and air cylinders that operate without mineral oiler lubricators. One manufacturer has rated its pneumatic high speed 4-way valves with

1386-452: Is driven by a series of gears and shafts connecting the flywheel to a planetary drive , finally spinning a dog-shifted two-speed shaft attached to the impeller . Throttle control is electronic . A centrifugal supercharger has the advantage of generating less heat than other designs, especially scroll-type or screw-type superchargers. Without an intercooler (which the H2 lacks), excess heat in

1463-442: Is generally considered to be a compact piece of equipment. Rotary-screw compressors are commonly available in the 5 through 500 HP range and can produce air flows in excess of 2500 SCFM. While the pressure produced by a single-stage screw compressor is limited to 250 PSIG, a two-stage screw compressor can deliver pressures of up to 600 PSIG. Rotary-screw compressors tend to be smooth running with limited vibration, thus not requiring

1540-422: Is injected into the compression cavities to aid sealing and provide cooling for the gas charge. The oil is separated from the discharge stream, cooled, filtered and recycled. The oil captures non-polar particulates from the incoming air, effectively reducing the particle loading of compressed-air particulate filtration. It is usual for some entrained compressor oil to carry into the compressed-gas stream downstream of

1617-455: Is moved through the device instead of relying upon resistance to flow downstream of the discharge to establish an increase of pressure. The requirement of high-precision computer-controlled manufacturing techniques makes the screw type supercharger a more expensive alternative to other forms of available forced induction. With later technology, manufacturing cost has been lowered while performance increased. All supercharger types benefit from

SECTION 20

#1732852776701

1694-400: Is much smaller. This reduction in volume causes compression of the charge before being presented to the output manifold. The effectiveness of this mechanism is dependent on precisely fitting clearances between the spiral rotors and between the rotors and the chamber for sealing of the compression cavities. However, some leakage is inevitable, and high rotational speeds must be used to minimize

1771-639: Is polyalkylene glycol which is also called polyglycol . PAG oil burns off cleanly, leaving no residue, and have been used as a carrier oil for solid lubricants for high-temperature chain lubrication. Some versions are food grade and biodegradable. PAG lubricants are used by the two largest U.S. air compressor OEMs in rotary screw air compressors. PAG oil-injected compressors are not used to spray paint, because PAG oil dissolve paints. Reaction-hardening two-component epoxy resin paints are resistant to PAG oil. Polyglycols are not compatible with mineral oil based greases. A mixture of polyglycols with mineral oils results

1848-424: Is radially symmetrical, but laterally asymmetric. By comparison, conventional "Roots" type blowers have either identical rotors (with straight rotors) or mirror-image rotors (with helixed rotors). The Whipple-manufactured male rotor has three lobes, the female five lobes. The Kenne-Bell male rotor has four lobes, the female six lobes. Females in some earlier designs had four. By comparison, Roots blowers always have

1925-695: Is rectified by the use of receiver tanks that reduce the local velocity of compressed air, allowing oil to condense, drop out of the air stream, and to be removed from the compressed-air system by condensate-management equipment. Oil flooded screw compressors are used in a wide variety of applications including air compression, gas refrigeration , hydrocarbon processing and power utilization from low-grade heat sources. Sizes range from small workshop air compressors to 8,400 kW (11,300 hp) heavy industrial compressors with output pressures as high as 60 bar (870 psi). New oil flooded screw air compressors release <5 mg/m3 of oil carryover. PAG oil

2002-480: Is the firm's halo product, and every element is Kawasaki at its very best, from the engine and aerodynamic development, through to the mirror-finish black chrome paint specially developed for this model." Some analysts noted odd features of the supposedly track-only H2R model. Although it is outfitted with racing slicks and lacks many features required on a street-legal vehicle in most jurisdictions, such as headlights, rear view mirrors, and turn signals visible from

2079-775: The Jet Ski Ultra 300X personal watercraft . At the 2014 Intermot motorcycle trade show on September 30, 2014, Kawasaki announced that a race-only Ninja H2R model would be produced in addition to the detuned street-legal Ninja H2, which would be fully revealed at the EICMA trade show in November. The bike was shown for the first time in North America at the AIMExpo show at Orlando, Florida in October, 2014. According to details Kawasaki made public about

2156-672: The Southern California Timing Association (SCTA) P-PB 1000 class for under-1,000 cc displacement production supercharged motorcycles with limited modifications at the Bonneville Speedway . On August 15, Yamashita broke his own record with a new speed of 209.442 mph (337.06 km/h). In June 2015, TT race competitor James Hillier rode a Kawasaki H2R around the 37 3 ⁄ 4 -mile TT road course as an inter-race demonstration lap at near-race speeds, using normal Superbike slick race tires , leading to

2233-466: The fastest street-legal motorcycles , while the street-legal Ninja H2 has a lower power output of 200 hp (150 kW)–210 hp (160 kW) with ram-air. Kawasaki selected the literbike platform for its top-of-the-line Ninja H2 model, rather than continuing with the higher-displacement Ninja ZX-14 hyperbike . Cycle World 's Kevin Cameron explained that the literbike class is "the center of

2310-426: The head gasket , cam profile and timing with ECU mapping, exhaust system, and clutch (the H2R's clutch has two additional plates). For 2017, Kawasaki made a limited-edition model with 120 units produced globally: the individually-numbered Kawasaki Ninja H2 Carbon with special paint and carbon-fiber upper cowl. For 2017, the standard Ninja H2 was also updated. For 2018, Kawasaki made a new sport touring version of

2387-468: The 191.7-horsepower (143.0 kW) ZX-14 (horsepower figures are expressed at the rear wheel). The same engine would generate 257 horsepower (192 kW) with 10 psi (69 kPa) of pressure. His analysis included a discussion of the benefits of a two-speed supercharger for more linear power delivery (as opposed to the intractable Japanese turbo bikes of the 1980s that suffered from turbo lag ). Cameron also said Kawasaki patent documents suggested

Kawasaki Ninja H2 - Misplaced Pages Continue

2464-468: The H2's engine at Intermot, it was confirmed to be a 998 cc inline-four engine with a supercharger, producing 300 horsepower (220 kW) in the track-only H2R variant, still by far the highest rated engine ever for any factory production motorcycle (50% more than its nearest competitor, the BMW S1000RR ). Global press coverage both before and after Intermot was extensive. Before the full reveal of

2541-673: The H2, the Kawasaki H2 SX , with a claimed wet weight of 256.1 kg (564.5 lb). Features that are options on the base model H2 SX come standard on the Kawasaki H2 SX SE , which has a claimed wet weight of 260.0 kg (573.3 lb). It has revised throttle bodies, camshafts , crankshaft , pistons , cylinder and cylinder head as well as a new exhaust system aimed at increasing mid range torque . The intake system and supercharger impeller were also redesigned. A new larger fuel tank, rear trellis subframe and panniers increase

2618-488: The H2R, reactions tended to emphasize the reintroduction of forced induction to the motorcycle marketplace , with headlines like "Hail the New Supercharged Era" ( Autoevolution ), "Supercharged Ninja imminent" ( Motor Cycle News ), "New Kawasaki sports bike will use a 1000cc supercharged engine" (Visordown (UK)), "Kawasaki officially uncovers Ninja H2 supercharger" ( Cycle Online (Australia)), "Kawasaki Ninja H2: How

2695-412: The advantages of Kawasaki's approach to exploiting aerodynamics instead of lengthening the wheelbase, a South African Dave Abrahams said, "It's easy to build stability into a hard-accelerating drag machine with a long wheelbase... but Kawasaki wanted a track-day machine, one that would also go round corners." High speed motorcycles often have long wheelbases. Extra length is added by the extended swingarm on

2772-418: The bike's weight by 19 pounds (8.6 kg). For 2019, the H2 received an update with 15% more power from updates to the intake, spark plugs, ECU, and air filter, among other components. Also added was a new LED lighting scheme and a special top coat of paint that is claimed to be self-healing and able to smooth over small scratches in warmer conditions. Also new were lighter and smaller Brembo Stylema calipers,

2849-421: The compression. The intake charge is drawn in at the end of the rotors in the large clearance between the male and female lobes. At the intake end the male lobe is much smaller than its female counterpart, but the relative sizes reverse proportions along the lengths of both rotors (the male becomes larger and the female smaller) until (tangential to the discharge port) the clearance space between each pair of lobes

2926-415: The compressor, a device known as a slide valve is activated. This device uncovers part of the rotor and proportionately reduces capacity of the machine down to typically 25% of the compressor's capability, thereby unloading the compressor. This reduces the number of start/stop cycles for electric motors over a start/stop control scheme in electrically driven compressors, improving equipment service life with

3003-405: The compressor, a slide valve as described above continuously modulates capacity to the demand rather than being controlled in steps. While this yields a consistent discharge pressure over a wide range of demand, overall power consumption may be higher than with a load/unload scheme, resulting in approximately 70% of full-load power consumption when the compressor is at a zero-load condition. Due to

3080-433: The compressor. In many applications, this is rectified by coalescer /filter vessels. Refrigerated compressed air dryers with internal cold coalescing filters are rated to remove more oil and water than coalescing filters that are downstream of air dryers, because after the air is cooled and the moisture is removed, the cold air is used to pre-cool the hot entering air, which warms the exiting air. In other applications, this

3157-408: The dynamic air pressure created by vehicle motion, or ram pressure , to increase the static air pressure inside of the intake manifold on an internal combustion engine, thus allowing a greater massflow through the engine and hence increasing engine power. The ram-air intake works by reducing the intake air velocity by increasing the cross-sectional area of the intake ducting. When gas velocity goes

Kawasaki Ninja H2 - Misplaced Pages Continue

3234-418: The electronics of variable-speed drives may have to be protected to retain expected service life. The twin-screw type supercharger is a positive displacement type device that operates by pushing air through a pair of meshing close-tolerance screws similar to a set of worm gears. Twin-screw superchargers are also known as Lysholm superchargers (or compressors ) after their inventor, Alf Lysholm . Each rotor

3311-408: The engine may need fuel-injection . At low speeds (subsonic speeds) increases in static pressure are however limited to a few percent. Pitot sensors are used to measure ram pressure which, along with static pressure, is used to estimate the airspeed of an aircraft. Screw type supercharger A rotary-screw compressor is a type of gas compressor , such as an air compressor , that uses

3388-431: The engine would rely on evaporative cooling using port fuel injection, instead of a bulky intercooler . Kawasaki claimed the 2013 model had the first supercharger designed by a motorcycle manufacturer. In 2013, journalists said that the engine could power the "next generation [Ninja] ZX-14R" sportbike. Journalists also noted that Kawasaki already has a production inline-4 supercharged (albeit intercooled) engine powering

3465-430: The exact rotor designs being the subject of patents. The capacities of rotary-screw compressors are typically rated in horsepower (HP), Standard Cubic Feet per Minute ( SCFM )* and pounds per square inch gauge (PSIG.) For units in the 5 through 30 HP range the physical size of these units are comparable to a typical two-stage compressor. As horsepower increases, there is a substantial economy of scale in favor of

3542-491: The first Holroyd cutting machine was used, by the Scottish engineering company Howden , to produce helical lobe compressor rotors greatly reducing both cost and manufacturing time. In 1954, Howden and SRM jointly developed the first oil flooded screw compressor. Flooding provided both cooling, which allowed higher pressure ratios, and the elimination of timing gears. The first commercially available flooded screw air compressor

3619-412: The front or sides, it also has features that are unusual or absent on pure track bikes, such as an ignition lock and LED tail light. Cycle World recorded a ⁠ 1 / 4 ⁠ -mile time of 9.62 sec. @ 152.01 mph (244.64 km/h) with a 0 to 60 mph acceleration at 2.6 seconds and a top speed of 183 mph (295 km/h). Kent Kunitsugu, editor for Sport Rider magazine, competing in

3696-406: The gas. In a dry-running rotary-screw compressor, timing gears ensure that the male and female rotors maintain precise alignment without contact which would produce rapid wear. In an oil-flooded rotary-screw compressor, lubricating oil bridges the space between the rotors, both providing a hydraulic seal and transferring mechanical energy between the rotors, allowing one rotor to be entirely driven by

3773-484: The high end of the market with the H2, moving past a stagnant market (at least from the Japanese Big Four manufacturers) full of cookie-cutter sportsbikes and low-priced entry-level bikes, and had set up the H2 as a halo model for the entire brand. Cameron said, "When we look at the current crop of 1000s, all date from before our present "recession," and what little has come by way of new product has sought to please

3850-455: The high-performance market", attracting the best development in racing, with the best chassis and suspension design, so it made sense for Kawasaki to create a machine that could leverage this. The H2 is the first production motorcycle with a supercharger, although turbochargers were available on some models in the early 1980s. Specifications in the infobox are from Kawasaki unless noted. The street-legal Ninja H2 has mirrors in place of

3927-487: The intake charge can cause pre-ignition that can damage or destroy the engine. Electronic rider aids include an anti-lock braking system (ABS), Kawasaki Traction Control (KTRC), Kawasaki Engine Brake Control (KEBC), a Kawasaki Quick Shifter (KQS), an electronic steering damper (ESD), and Kawasaki Launch Control Mode (KLCM). The front fairing of the Ninja H2R incorporates winglets made of carbon fiber , just like

SECTION 50

#1732852776701

4004-489: The leakage area does not become as large a portion of the pumping area as in straight screw compressors. In conjunction with the decreasing diameter of the cone shaped rotor this also allows much higher compression ratios in a single stage with lower output pulsation. Among rotary-screw compressors, there are multiple control schemes, each with differing advantages and disadvantages. In a start/stop control scheme, compressor controls actuate relays to apply and remove power to

4081-403: The limited adjustment in compressor power consumption relative to compressed-air output capacity, modulation is a generally inefficient method of control when compared to variable-speed drives. However, for applications where it is not readily possible to frequently cease and resume operation of the compressor (such as when a compressor is driven by an internal-combustion engine and operated without

4158-421: The mostly imaginary "new buyer" with low-tech delights." Highlighting Kawasaki's ability to create a product leveraging aerodynamic, turbine and engine technology design expertise from across the large Kawasaki Heavy Industries conglomerate (called a "vast industrial complex" by Sport Rider ), an unsigned Motor Cycle News piece said "The H2R you see here is the very pinnacle of what Kawasaki can do ... This

4235-417: The motor according to compressed air needs. Significant storage is required in most usage cases if the load is intermittent or is poorly matched to the compressor, the storage required will often be larger than the compressor itself. In a load/unload control scheme, the compressor remains continuously powered. However, when the demand for compressed air is satisfied or reduced, instead of disconnecting power to

4312-541: The need for filtration, as hydrocarbons and other contaminants ingested from the ambient air must also be removed prior to the point of use. Consequently, air treatment identical to that used for an oil-flooded screw compressor is frequently required to ensure quality compressed air. In small piston compressors carpenters homeowners sometimes use "oil free" compressors in which oil free is a reference to not using oil but Teflon type of coatings permanently adhered to wear surfaces. In an oil-injected rotary-screw compressor, oil

4389-401: The other. Gas enters at the suction side and moves through the threads as the screws rotate. The meshing rotors force the gas through the compressor, and the gas exits at the end of the screws. The working area is the inter-lobe volume between the male and female rotors. It is larger at the intake end, and decreases along the length of the rotors until the exhaust port. This change in volume is

4466-462: The presence of a compressed-air receiver), modulation is suitable. The continuously variable production rate also eliminates the need for significant storage if the load never exceeds the compressor capacity. Utilized by compressor companies Quincy Compressor, Kobelco , Gardner Denver , Kaishan USA, and Sullair , variable displacement alters the percentage of the screw compressor rotors working to compress air by allowing air flow to bypass portions of

4543-412: The pressure is increased. The increased pressure in the air box will ultimately have a positive effect on engine output as more oxygen will enter the cylinder during each engine cycle. Ram-air systems are used on high-performance vehicles, most often on motorcycles and performance cars. The 1990 Kawasaki Ninja ZX-11 C1 model used a ram-air intake, the very first on any production motorcycle. Ram-air

4620-476: The ratio of leakage flow rate over effective flow rate. In contrast to Roots blowers , modern screw compressors are made with different profiles on the two rotors: the male rotor has convex lobes which mesh with the concave cavities of the female rotor. Usually the male rotor has fewer lobes than the female rotor, so that it rotates faster. Originally, screw compressors were made with symmetrical rotor cavity profiles, but modern versions use asymmetrical rotors, with

4697-406: The reasonable boost to higher rpm better than other positive displacement supercharges. The term "blower" is commonly used to define a device placed on engines with a functional need for additional airflow, such as a 2-stroke Diesel engine , where positive intake pressure is needed to "scavenge", or clear spent exhaust gasses from the cylinder and force a fresh intake charge into the cylinder before

SECTION 60

#1732852776701

4774-520: The rest of the H2R-exclusive bodywork. They may be aerodynamic devices designed to create a low-pressure zone to help move cooling air through the engine bay, to produce downforce at high speed, or to provide straight-line stability in a short- wheelbase sportsbike chassis. The H2 and H2R have a tubular, thin-wall steel trellis frame and a single-sided swingarm , with a traditional sportsbike wheelbase of 1,450 mm (57 in). Explaining

4851-400: The rotary-screw compressors. As an example, a 250 HP compound compressor is a large piece of equipment that generally requires a special foundation, building accommodations and highly trained riggers to place the equipment. On the other hand, a 250 HP rotary-screw compressor can be placed on an ordinary shop floor using a standard forklift . Within industry, a 250 HP rotary-screw compressor

4928-421: The rotors becomes much more significant, leading to this type of mechanism being less suitable for smaller compressors than piston compressors. The screw compressor is identical to the screw pump except that the pockets of trapped material get progressively smaller along the screw, thus compressing the material held within the pockets. Thus the screw of a screw compressor is asymmetrical along its length, while

5005-462: The same number of lobes on both rotors, typically 2, 3 or 4. The rotary screw compressor has low leakage levels and low parasitic losses vs. Roots type. The supercharger is typically driven directly from the engine's crankshaft via a belt or gear drive. Unlike the Roots type supercharger , the twin-screw exhibits internal compression which is the ability of the device to compress air within the housing as it

5082-460: The screw compressor while looking for a way to overcome compressor surge in gas turbines . Lysholm first considered a roots type blower but found this was unable to generate a high enough pressure ratio. In 1935, Ljungstroms patented a helical lobe screw compressor which was then widely licensed to other manufacturers. Ljungstroms Angturbin AB was renamed Svenska Rotor Maskiner (SRM) in 1951. In 1952,

5159-437: The screws. While this does reduce power consumption when compared to a modulation control scheme, a load/unload system can be more effective with large amounts of storage (10 gallons per CFM). If a large amount of storage is not practical, a variable-displacement system can be very effective, especially at greater than 70% of full load. One way that variable displacement may be accomplished is by using multiple lifting valves on

5236-423: The speed was only given later with a theoretical calculation, using the distance he traveled in 26 seconds on the 8,799-foot-long (2,682 m) bridge. Cameron had calculated two years earlier that with the right gearing, the H2R's engine power could theoretically overcome aerodynamic drag up to 250–480 miles per hour (400–770 km/h). Ram-air intake A ram-air intake is any intake design which uses

5313-423: The suction side of the compressor, each plumbed to a corresponding location on the discharge. In automotive superchargers, this is analogous to the operation of a bypass valve. While an air compressor powered by a variable-speed drive can offer the lowest operating-energy cost without any appreciable reduction in service life over a properly maintained load/unload compressor, the variable-frequency power inverter of

5390-411: The supercharger works" ( Motociclismo ), and "Kawasaki's H2 superbike: A technical look at Kawasaki’s upcoming supercharged superbike" ( Cycle World ). After the introduction, before any test rides had even been permitted, coverage turned to both the bike's unusual styling and its precedent setting power. Both industry and general-readership press said the machine "will beat up the supersport scene with

5467-449: The top speed attempt to withstand extreme high speeds, and the bike was supplied with race-grade fuel. Sofuoglu was also supplied with a special one-piece leather suit to enhance aerodynamics for his record attempt. This attempt, with the Turkish president in attendance, was made across the then-newly completed Osman Gazi Bridge , at the time was the fourth longest in the world at just over

5544-455: The track-only H2R's winglets, and plastic body panels in place of the H2R's carbon-fiber panels but there is the H2 carbon version that has them in carbon. The street-legal H2 is said to make 200 horsepower (150 kW), probably with reduced supercharger boost compared to the H2R. The H2 and H2R share the supercharger (with a lower boost level on the H2) and many other components, with the exception of

5621-586: The use of an intercooler to reduce heat produced during pumping and compression. A clear example of the technology applied by the twin-screw in companies like Ford , Mazda , Mercedes and Mercury Marine can also demonstrate the effectiveness of the twin screw. While some centrifugal superchargers are consistent and reliable, they typically do not produce full boost until near peak engine rpm, while positive displacement superchargers such as Roots type superchargers and twin-screw types offer more immediate boost. In addition to this, twin-screw superchargers can keep

5698-432: The world. Screw air compressors are also commonly used on Rotary, DTH and RC drill rigs used in mining production and exploration drilling applications and in oil and gas pipeline services such as pneumatic testing or air pigging. In an oil-free compressor, the air is compressed entirely through the action of the screws, without the assistance of an oil seal. They usually have lower maximal discharge pressure capability as

5775-466: Was a feature on some cars in the sixties. It fell out of favor in the seventies, but recently made a comeback. While ram-air intakes may increase the volumetric efficiency of an engine, they can be difficult to combine with carburetors, which rely on a venturi -engineered pressure drop to draw fuel through the main jet. As the pressurised ram-air may kill this venturi effect, the carburetor needs to be designed to take this into account, or, alternatively,

5852-572: Was introduced in 1957 by Atlas Copco . Slot valves were developed by SRM in the 1950s, allowing for improvements in capacity control which had been a limiting factor for screw compressor application. Asymmetric rotors were first patented by SRM and subsequently introduced commercially by Sullair in 1969. The introduction of asymmetric rotors improved sealing, further increasing the types efficiency. Rotary-screw compressors are generally used to supply compressed air for larger industrial applications. They are best applied in applications that have

5929-412: Was thought by several industry observers to be identical to, or closely related to, a nearly 1,000 cc inline-4 with a centrifugal supercharger displayed by Kawasaki at the 2013 Tokyo Motor Show . Cameron published an analysis showing that an engine of that displacement, mildly boosted at 5 psi (34 kPa), would generate 203 horsepower (151 kW)—more than that of Kawasaki's current leader,

#700299