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59-734: John Tucker may refer to: Politics [ edit ] John Randolph Tucker (politician) (1823–1897), United States Representative from Virginia John Randolph Tucker (judge) (1854–1926), member of the Virginia Senate and territorial judge in Alaska, United States J. Randolph Tucker Jr. (1914–2015), member of the Virginia House of Delegates, United States John Tucker (MP) (died 1779), British MP for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis John Tucker (Tasmanian politician) (born 1975), Member for Lyons in

118-573: A Council-Manager form of government. It is governed by the Common Council, an elected body within a ward system. The city is composed of four wards, each with 2 councilmen, with the city's mayor serving as the ninth representative and leader of the council. While the council began as a 13-member board, it transitioned from 13 to 9, beginning in 2006 and ending in 2008. Winchester Public Schools operates public schools, including John Handley High School . The most prominent highway serving Winchester

177-663: A Confederate diplomat, and his lawyer brother St. George Hunter Tucker recruited the Ashland Grays (part of the 15th Virginia Infantry ) and served at Lt. Col., winning plaudits for his conduct at the Battle of Malvern Hill before resigning his commission and dying of consumption in Charlottesville in 1863. Tucker received a pardon and resumed his private legal practice. Elected to the United States House of Representatives as

236-599: A Democrat in 1875, he served until 1887. He was chairman of the House Committee on Ways and Means in the 46th Congress and chairman of the House Committee on the Judiciary in the 48th and 49th Congresses. He took an active part in the debates on the tariff , in opposition to the protective policy. His speeches on other questions include those on the Electoral Commission bill, the constitutional doctrine as to

295-561: A U.S. Congressman). Their daughters who married well and survived their parents included: Anne Holmes Tucker McGuire (1850 - 1914), Gertrude Tucker Logan (1856 - 1925), and Laura Randolph Tucker Pendleton (1860 - 1946). John Randolph Tucker was admitted to the Virginia bar in 1845, and began a private legal practice in Winchester . In 1854 he delivered a major speech to the literary societies at College of William and Mary which argued that slavery

354-522: A good portion of his young life in Winchester helping survey the Fairfax land grant for Thomas Fairfax, Sixth Lord Fairfax, as well as performing surveying work for Colonel Wood. In 1758 Wood added 158 lots to the west side of town. In 1759 Thomas Lord Fairfax contributed 173 more lots to the south and east. General Edward Braddock 's expeditionary march to Fort Duquesne crossed through this area in 1755 on

413-572: A new record processing plant. Along with this plant they built several houses, bought a few small businesses and later built a tape production plant. The Winchester plant began construction in 1968 and production in 1969. The plant initially had a workforce of 250 people. This plant complemented the other existing manufacturing facilities of Capitol Records in Scranton, PA, Jacksonville, FL and Los Angeles, CA. In 1969 Capitol Records' Pressing Plant in Scranton began phasing out its vinyl manufacturing in favor of

472-477: A tire dump in the area containing over seven million tires burned for nine months, polluting nearby areas with lead and arsenic . The location was cleaned up as a Superfund project between 1983 and 2002. Winchester is located at 39°10′41″N 78°10′01″W  /  39.178°N 78.167°W  / 39.178; -78.167 . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has

531-585: A total area of 9.3 square miles (24 km ), virtually all land. It is in the Shenandoah Valley , located between the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Allegheny Mountains , and is 15 miles north-northeast of the northern peak of Massanutten Mountain . I-81 passes through the city, along with US 50 , US 522 , US 17 , which ends in the city, and SR 7 , which also ends in the city. The city

590-549: Is Interstate 81 . I-81 extends northeast to southwest, connecting Winchester to eastern Tennessee , southwestern Virginia, eastern West Virginia , western Maryland and central Pennsylvania . Other highways passing through Winchester include U.S. Route 11 , U.S. Route 17 , U.S. Route 50 and U.S. Route 522 . These four highways follow city streets through downtown Winchester, with U.S. Route 17 coming to its northern terminus. Virginia State Route 7 also serves Winchester, terminating in downtown. Virginia State Route 37 bypasses

649-538: Is 9/10ths of the law , built a home here (in present-day Clarke County) in 1748. In February 1752, the Virginia House of Burgesses granted the fourth city charter in Virginia to 'Winchester' as Frederick Town was renamed after Colonel Wood's birthplace in England. In 1754, Abraham Hollingsworth built the local residence called Abram's Delight, which served as the first local Quaker meeting house. George Washington spent

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708-552: Is approximately 75 miles (121 km) to the west of Washington, D.C., 24 miles (39 km) south of Martinsburg, West Virginia , 25 miles (40 km) north of Front Royal , 118 miles (190 km) south of Harrisburg, PA and 180 miles (290 km) north of Roanoke . The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Winchester has depending on which isotherm

767-663: Is buried in the family plot at Mount Hebron Cemetery in Winchester. His widow died in 1916. Tucker's two volume treatise, The Constitution of the United States , appeared posthumously in 1899. One of his sons, Henry St. George Tucker, also became dean of the Washington and Lee Law School, and later a U.S. Congressman representing Winchester. His Lexington home, Blandome , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. Winchester, Virginia Winchester

826-411: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages John Randolph Tucker (politician) Tucker was born in Winchester, Virginia on Christmas Eve in 1823, the son of Anna Evalina Hunter Tucker (1789-1855) and her husband Judge Henry St. George Tucker (1780-1848). A grandson of St. George Tucker , J.R. Tucker would become proud of his heritage among

885-504: Is not a philosophical statesman in this land who to-day does not say either that the citizenship and the voting power of the African race in the South is a failure--either that or that it is an unsolved problem of our future. We have that one disease in the body-politic, which God grant we may recover from.” Tucker made an unsuccessful but legally influential argument on behalf of August Spies and

944-456: Is the northwesternmost independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia , United States . It is the county seat of Frederick County , although the two are separate jurisdictions. As of the 2020 census , the city's population was 28,120. It is the principal city of the Winchester metropolitan area with a population of just over 145,000 extending into West Virginia , which is a part of

1003-650: Is used, either a humid continental climate or a humid subtropical climate , abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. The hardiness zone is 6b/7a. Winchester is one of the only cities in Virginia to have a humid continental climate. Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. Companies based in Winchester include American Woodmark , Trex , and Rubbermaid Commercial Products . Federal agencies with operations in Winchester include

1062-486: The Army of Northern Virginia . He laid the foundations for the future Geneva conventions regarding the treatment of medical doctors during warfare. Winchester served as a major center for Confederate medical operations, particularly after the Battle of Sharpsburg in 1862 and the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863. Among those who took part in battles at Winchester were future U.S. presidents McKinley and Hayes , both as officers in

1121-660: The Federal Emergency Management Agency , the Federal Bureau of Investigation , and the United States Army Corps of Engineers . According to the City's 2016 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: Winchester was home to Capitol Records ' East Coast Pressing Plant. Capitol Records Distribution Corporation announced in 1968 the purchasing of land in Winchester, Va for

1180-553: The First Families of Virginia . His father and many relatives owned plantations and enslaved persons. Nonetheless, several of his siblings never reached adulthood. His brothers Dr. Alfred Bland Tucker (1830-1862) and Lt.Col. St. George Hunter Tucker (1828-1863) would die of consumption while in the Confederate States Army ; his brother Dr. David Hunter Tucker (1815-1871) became a professor at three medical schools including

1239-686: The Medical College of Virginia and survived his Confederate service. His brother Nathaniel Beverley Tucker (1820-1890) would become a Confederate diplomat and later a journalist. John Randolph Tucker attended a private school near his Winchester home, then entered the Richmond Academy. He finished his studies at the University of Virginia , graduating with a legal degree in 1844. He married Laura Powell in 1848. They had one son who survived to adulthood, Henry St. George Tucker, III (who later became

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1298-567: The Shenandoah Valley area, considered a sacred common hunting ground, appears by the 17th century to have been controlled mostly by the local Iroquoian -speaking groups, including the Senedo and Sherando . The Algonquian -speaking Shawnee began to challenge the Iroquoians for the hunting grounds later in that century. The explorers Batts and Fallam in 1671 reported the Shawnee were contesting with

1357-672: The Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. Shenandoah University is located in Winchester and has numerous male and female sports in the Old Dominion Athletic Conference. Winchester is also home to the Winchester Speedway, a 3/8-mile clay oval track, which plays host to a number of touring series, such as the World of Outlaws Late Model Series , and the Lucas Oil Late Model Dirt Series . Winchester's follows

1416-614: The Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area . Winchester is home to Shenandoah University and the Museum of the Shenandoah Valley . Indigenous peoples lived along the waterways of present-day Virginia for thousands of years before European contact. Archeological , linguistic and anthropological studies have provided insights into their cultures. Though little is known of specific tribal movements before European contact,

1475-596: The Anglican Frederick Parish (for purposes of tax collection). Colonel James Wood , an immigrant from Winchester , England, was the first court clerk and had been a surveyor for Orange County, Virginia . He contracted for his own home Glen Burnie homstead around 1737, and it may have been used for early government business. Wood laid out 26 half-acre (2,000 m ) lots in 1744. The County Court held its first session on November 11, 1743, where James Wood served until 1760. Lord Fairfax, understanding that possession

1534-662: The Carolinas in the early 18th century) finally ceded their nominal claim to the Shenandoah Valley at the Treaty of Lancaster (1744), arranged by British officials. The treaty also established the right of colonists to use the Indian Road through the valley, later known as the Great Wagon Road . The father of Shawnee chief Cornstalk had his own court at Shawnee Springs , near today's Cross Junction, Virginia , until 1754. In 1753, on

1593-451: The Iroquoians for control of the valley and were losing. During the later Beaver Wars , the powerful Iroquois Confederacy from New York (particularly Seneca from the western part of the territory) subjugated all tribes in the frontier region west of the Fall Line . By the time Anglo-European settlers arrived in the Shenandoah Valley around 1729, the Shawnee were the principal occupants in

1652-939: The Potomac River Valley. For instance, in 1861, Stonewall Jackson removed 56 locomotives and over 300 railroad cars, along with miles of track, from the B&;O Railroad. His attack closed down the B&O's main line for ten months. Much of the effort to transport this equipment by horse and carriage centered in Winchester. During the war, Winchester was occupied by the Union Army for four major periods: by Major General Nathaniel Banks (March ? May 12 to 25, 1862, and June 4 to September 2, 1862), Major General Robert Milroy (December 24, 1862, to June 15, 1863), Major General Philip Sheridan (September 19, 1864, to February 27, 1865), and Major General Winfield Scott Hancock (February 27, 1865, to June 27, 1865). Major General Sheridan raided up

1711-519: The Quakers purchased several tracts on Apple-pie Ridge from the natives, who did not disturb those settlements. The first German settler appears to have been Jost Hite in 1732, who brought ten other families, including some Scots-Irish. Though Virginia was an Anglican colony, Governor William Gooch had a tolerant policy on religion. The availability of land grants brought in many religious families, who were often given 50-acre (200,000 m ) plots through

1770-594: The Royal African Company from London, England John Tucker, president of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad , 1844–1856 John A. Tucker (1896–1971), American fireman and music composer John Bartholomew Tucker (1930–2014), American radio and television personality John Maurice Tucker (1916–2008), American botanist and herbarium director J. R. Tucker (1946–2014), American physicist John Randolph Tucker (naval officer) (1812–1883), officer with

1829-637: The Shenandoah Valley in 1861, Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862, the Gettysburg Campaign of 1863, and the Valley Campaigns of 1864 . Including minor cavalry raids and patrols, and occasional reconnaissances, historians claim that Winchester changed hands as many as 72 times and 13 times in one day. Battles raged along Main Street at points in the war. Union General Sheridan and Stonewall Jackson located their headquarters just one block apart at times. At

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1888-561: The Siege of Boston. He led the 96 men of "Morgan's Sharpshooters" from Winchester on July 14, 1775, and marched to Boston in 21 days. Morgan, Wood, and others also performed duties in holding captured prisoners of war , particularly Hessian soldiers . Hessian soldiers were known to walk to the high ridge north and west of town, where they could purchase and eat apple pies made by the Quakers. The ridge became affectionately known as Apple Pie Ridge. The Ridge Road built before 1751 leading north from town

1947-514: The Tasmanian House of Assembly Sports [ edit ] John Tucker (American football) (1901–1983), American football player and coach, head coach at Arkansas Tech University, 1933–1947 John Tucker (ice hockey) (born 1964), Canadian NHL hockey player John Tucker (lacrosse) (fl. 1976–2015), American lacrosse player and coach Others [ edit ] John Tucker (merchant trader) (fl. 1665–1694), English slave trader for

2006-752: The US, Confederate, and Peruvian navies John Randolph Tucker (professor) (1879–1954), American lawyer and professor John V. Tucker (born 1952), British computer scientist John D. Tucker , American director John Tucker (1800–1845), victim of an 1845 lynching in Indianapolis, IN See also [ edit ] John Randolph Tucker High School , Henrico County, Virginia, United States John Tucker Must Die , 2006 comedy film Jonathan Tucker (born 1982), American film and television actor Jon Tucker (fl. 2000–2012), Canadian film maker and novelist Tucker (surname) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

2065-695: The Union IX Corps . The United States assigned military presence to Winchester and other parts of the South during Reconstruction after the war. Winchester was part of the First Military District , commanded by Major General John Schofield . This period lasted until January 26, 1870. Winchester was the first city south of the Potomac River to install electric light . In 1917 the Winchester and Western Railroad connected Winchester with Rock Enon Springs , moving both vacationers and supplies to

2124-764: The Winchester plant. Winchester is the location of the annual Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festival , which has existed since 1924. It is usually held during the first weekend in May. The festival includes a carnival, firework show, parades, several dances and parties, and a coronation where the Apple Blossom Queen is crowned. Local school systems and many businesses close the Friday of Apple Blossom weekend. Winchester has more than 20 different "artistic" apples that are made of various materials including wood, rubber pipe, plaster, and paint. These apples were created in 2005 by occupants of

2183-602: The area of the Shenandoah Valley that developed into Winchester. During the first decade of white settlement, the valley was also a conduit and battleground in a bloody intertribal war between the Seneca and allied Algonquian-speaking Lenape from the north, and their distant traditional enemies, the Siouan Catawba based in the Carolinas. The Iroquois Six Nations (the Tuscarora people had joined them by 1722 after losing battles in

2242-626: The city and were placed at a specific location at the artists' request after being auctioned off. For example, a bright red apple with a large stethoscope attached to it was placed beside a much-used entrance to the Winchester Medical Center. Winchester is home to the Winchester Royals , which is part of the Valley Baseball League , a National Collegiate Athletic Association -sanctioned collegiate summer baseball league in

2301-639: The eve of the French and Indian War ( Seven Years' War ), messengers came to the Shawnee from tribes further west, inviting them to leave the Valley and cross the Alleghenies , which they did the following year. The Shawnee settled for some years in the Ohio Country before being forced by the US government under Indian Removal in the 1830s to remove to Indian Territory . French Jesuit expeditions may have first entered

2360-524: The land in Virginia between the Rappahannock and the Potomac rivers", an old grant from King Charles II which overlapped and included Frederick County. It took some time for land titles to be cleared among early settlers. By 1738 these settlements became known as Frederick Town . The county of Frederick was carved out of Orange County. The first government was created, consisting of a County Court as well as

2419-488: The late 1720s, Governor William Gooch promoted settlement by issuing large land grants. Robert "King" Carter , manager of the Lord Fairfax proprietorship, acquired 200,000 acres (810 km ). This combination of events directly precipitated an inrush of settlers from Pennsylvania and New York, made up of a blend of Quakers and German and Scots-Irish homesteaders, many of them new immigrants. The Scots-Irish comprised

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2478-609: The most numerous group of immigrants from the British Isles before the American Revolutionary War . The settlement of Winchester began as early as 1729, when Quakers such as Abraham Hollingsworth migrated up (south) the Great Valley along the long-traveled Indian Path (later called the Great Wagon Road by the colonists) from Pennsylvania. He and others began to homestead on old Shawnee campgrounds. Tradition holds that

2537-511: The new Winchester plant. Records pressed here include the Talking Heads ' Remain in Light , Dead Boys ' Young, Loud and Snotty , and Yoko Ono 's Fly (Yoko Ono album) . Capitol Records announced in late 1987 that it would end tape duplicating production in the US, in favor of offshore manufacturing, including in Winchester by early 1988, putting more than 500 employees out of work when they closed

2596-579: The next, led to long-term stifling of the Quaker population. Winchester became a gateway to Quaker settlements further west; by the mid-19th century, the Quaker population was a small minority here. During the war in 1758, at the age of 26, Colonel George Washington was elected to represent Frederick County to the House of Burgesses . Daniel Morgan later served as a ranger protecting the borderlands of Virginia against Indian raids, returning to Winchester in 1759. Following

2655-523: The north end of the lower Shenandoah Valley, Winchester was a base of operations for major Confederate invasions into the Northern United States. At times the attacks threatened the capital of Washington, D.C. The town served as a central point for troops conducting major raids against the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad , Chesapeake and Ohio Canal , and turnpike and telegraph paths along those routes and

2714-769: The other Haymarket Riot defendants during their appeal to the Supreme Court . Elected professor of Constitutional law at Washington and Lee University in 1888, Tucker was Dean of the School of Law from 1893 to 1897. Tucker served as president of The Virginia Bar Association in 1891–1892, and president of the American Bar Association in 1894. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1895. Tucker died in 1897 in Lexington, Virginia and

2773-400: The presidential count, the Hawaiian treaty in 1876, the use of the army at the polls, in 1879, and Chinese emigration, in 1883. He introduced legislation broadening the power of the federal Court of Claims to hear Constitutional claims in 1886, which became known as the Tucker Act . He declined to be renominated to the House in 1886. He was co-sponsor of the 1887 Edmunds–Tucker Act . Tucker

2832-463: The resort that is now Camp Rock Enon with far greater speed. Winchester is the location of the bi-annual N-SSA national competition, keeping the tradition of Civil War era firearms alive. A three-block section of downtown Loudoun Street was closed to vehicular traffic in the 1970s and is a popular pedestrian area featuring many boutiques and cafés. The street was repaved with brick and landscaped in 2013. Apple Blossom Mall opened in 1982. In 1983,

2891-405: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Tucker&oldid=1214872762 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

2950-502: The site of numerous battles during the American Civil War , as the Confederate and Union armies strove to control that portion of the Shenandoah Valley . Seven major battlefields are in the original Frederick County: Within the city of Winchester: Near the city of Winchester: Winchester was a key strategic position for the Confederate States Army during the war. It was an important operational objective in Gen Joseph E. Johnston 's and Col Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's defense of

3009-567: The sponsorship of fellow-religious grant purchasers and speculators. As a result, the Winchester area became home to some of the oldest Presbyterian , Quaker , Lutheran and Anglican churches in the valley. The first Lutheran worship was established by Rev. John Casper Stoever Jr. , and Alexander Ross established Hopewell Meeting for the Quakers. By 1736, Scots-Irish built the Opequon Presbyterian Church in Kernstown . A legal fight erupted in 1735 when Thomas Fairfax, Sixth Lord Fairfax came to Virginia to claim his land grant. It included "all

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3068-415: The valley as early as 1606, as the explorer Samuel de Champlain made a crude map of the area in 1632. The first confirmed exploration of the northern valley was by the explorer John Lederer , who viewed the region from the current Fauquier and Warren County line on August 26, 1670. In 1705 the Swiss explorer Louise Michel and in 1716 Governor Alexander Spotswood did more extensive mapping and surveying. In

3127-409: The valley from Winchester, where his forces destroyed "2,000 barns filled with grain and implements, not to mention other outbuildings, 70 mills filled with wheat and flour" and "numerous head of livestock," to lessen the area's ability to supply the Confederates. Numerous local men served with the Confederate Army, mostly as troops. Hunter McGuire was Chief Surgeon of the Second "Jackson's" Corps of

3186-422: The war, from 1763 to 1774 Daniel Morgan served in Captain Ashby's company and defended Virginia against Pontiac's Rebellion and Shawnee Indians in the Ohio valley (that part now in West Virginia ). During the Revolutionary War, the Virginia House of Burgesses chose local resident and French and Indian War veteran Daniel Morgan to raise a company of militia to support General George Washington's efforts during

3245-477: The way to Fort Cumberland . Knowing the area well from work as a surveyor, George Washington accompanied General Braddock as his aide-de-camp. Resident Daniel Morgan joined Braddock's Army as a wagoner on its march to Pennsylvania. In 1756, on land granted by James Wood, Colonel George Washington designed and began constructing Fort Loudoun , which ultimately covered 0.955 acres (3,860 m ) in present-day downtown Winchester on North Loudoun Street. Fort Loudoun

3304-479: Was an exemplar of the racist views of his day. Speaking on the House floor, he asserted that “We did not ordain and establish this Constitution for the Chinaman and for all the other races of the earth. . . . I hold that this Constitution was ordained and established by our fathers for their posterity of the Caucasian people of America.” Not surprisingly, he was also not supportive of the post-Civil War push to grant rights to African Americans, declaring that “. . . there

3363-458: Was consistent with republicanism. He also became active in politics and was a presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1852 and 1856. Voters elected Tucker Attorney General of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1857, and he served during the American Civil War , until the Commonwealth surrendered to Union forces in 1865. His siblings also actively supported the Confederate cause, two as Confederate doctors, Nathaniel Beverley Tucker as

3422-504: Was occupied and manned with guns until the start of the American Revolutionary War . During this era, a jail was built in Winchester. It occasionally held Quakers from many parts of Virginia who protested the French and Indian War and refused to pay taxes to the Anglican parish. While their cousins in Pennsylvania dominated politics there, Virginia was an Anglican colony and did not tolerate pacifism well. The strong Quaker tradition of pacifism against strong Virginia support for this war and

3481-414: Was renamed Apple Pie Ridge Road . The local farmers found booming business in feeding the Virginia Militia and fledgling volunteer American army. Following the war, the town's first newspapers, The Gazette and The Centinel , were established. Daniel Morgan continued his public service, being elected to one term in the U.S. House of Representatives (1797–1799). Winchester and the surrounding area were

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