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27-1120: John Manning may refer to: Politics [ edit ] John B. Manning (1833–1908), mayor of Buffalo, New York John Lawrence Manning (1816–1889), Governor of South Carolina, 1852–1854 John Manning Jr. (1830–1899), U.S. Representative from North Carolina Sports [ edit ] John Manning (footballer) (1940–2021), English football player John Manning (rugby union) (fl. 1880–1904), Australian rugby player John Manning (rugby league) (born 1978), Australian actor and former rugby league footballer Other [ edit ] John Manning (journalist) (died 1868), New Zealand newspaper editor John Charles Manning (born 1962), South African botanist John Edmondson Manning (1848–1910), English Unitarian minister John F. Manning (born 1961), Harvard Law School dean John J. Manning (1842–1911), Irish American frontiersman John J. Manning (unionist) (1868–1934), American labor union leader John Ruel Manning (1897–1939), American chemist and technologist John Manning, co-founder of

54-404: A coarse meal is known as "sweet meal". Malting grain develops the enzymes (α-amylase, β-amylase) required for modifying the grains' starches into various types of sugar, including monosaccharide glucose , disaccharide maltose , trisaccharide maltotriose , and higher sugars called maltodextrines . It also develops other enzymes, such as proteases , that break down the proteins in

81-437: A special party to prepare it during the night, and cook it from late in the evening until the daylight, singing related songs. In Tajikistan and Afghanistan , they sing: Samanak dar Jūsh u mā Kafcha zanēm – Dīgarān dar Khwāb u mā Dafcha zanēm (meaning: "Samanak is boiling and we are stirring it, others are asleep and we are playing daf " ). In modern times, making samanu can be a family gathering. It originally comes from

108-606: A sweet paste made entirely from germinated wheat is called samanū ( Persian : سمنو ) in Iran , samanak ( Persian : سمنک ) in Afghanistan , ( Tajik : суманак ); ( Uzbek Latin : sumalak ) or sümölök ( Kyrgyz : сүмөлөк ), which is prepared for Nowruz (Persian new year celebration) in a large pot (like a kazan ). A plate or bowl of samanu is a traditional component of the Haft sin table symbolising affluence. Traditionally, women have

135-401: Is a variety of types distinguished largely by the kilning temperature. In addition, barley malts are distinguished by the two major cultivar types of barley used for malting, two-row, and six-row. Malt extract, also known as extract of malt, is a sweet, treacle -like substance used as a dietary supplement . It was popular in the first half of the 20th century as a nutritional enhancer for

162-410: Is achieved during the mashing process. Various cereals are malted, though barley is the most common. A high-protein form of malted barley is often a label-listed ingredient in blended flours typically used in the manufacture of yeast bread and other baked goods. The term "malt" refers to several products of the process: the grains to which this process has been applied, for example, malted barley;

189-606: Is buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery . Malt Malt is any cereal grain that has been made to germinate by soaking in water and then stopped from germinating further by drying with hot air, a process known as " malting ". Malted grain is used to make beer , whisky , malted milk , malt vinegar , confections such as Maltesers and Whoppers , flavored drinks such as Horlicks , Ovaltine , and Milo , and some baked goods, such as malt loaf , bagels , and Rich Tea biscuits. Malted grain that has been ground into

216-519: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages John B. Manning Manning was born July 13, 1833, in Albany, New York . He was a son of John Manning and Eleanor ( née Oley) Manning. Among his siblings was Daniel Manning , who served as United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1885 to 1887. James Hilton Manning , who served as mayor of Albany,

243-540: Is no longer diastatic . The liquid produced from this, wort , is then concentrated by using heat or a vacuum procedure to evaporate water from the mixture. The concentrated wort is called malt extract. Two forms of malt extract are used by brewers: liquid malt extract (LME), containing about 20% water, and dry malt extract (DME), dehydrated to 2% water. LME is a thick syrup that typically gives off more pleasant flavors than its counterpart, while DME provides better consistency in color. When using large amounts of extract, LME

270-428: Is the process of converting barley or other cereal grains into malt for use in brewing, distilling , or foods, and takes place in a maltings , sometimes called a malthouse, or a malting floor. The cereal is spread out on the malting floor in a layer of 8 to 12 centimetres (3 to 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches) depth. A "maltings" is typically a long, single-storey building with a floor that slopes slightly from one end of

297-566: Is typically used because its ability to dissolve in boiling temperatures, whereas DME can clump up and become difficult to liquefy. LME is also sold in jars as a consumer product. Scientists aim to discover what happens inside barley grains as they become malted to help plant breeders produce better malting barley for food and beverage products. The United States Agricultural Research Service scientists are interested in specialized enzymes called serine-class proteases that digest beta-amylases, which convert carbohydrates into "simple sugars" during

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324-611: The Atlantic Brass Quintet See also [ edit ] Jack Manning (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Manning&oldid=1148393892 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

351-414: The mash of converted grain to create a filter bed during lautering . As all grains sprout, natural enzymes within the grain break down the starch of which the grain is composed into simpler sugars, which taste sweet and are easier for yeast to use as food. Malt with active enzymes is called "diastatic malt". Malt with inactive enzymes is called "nondiastatic malt". The enzymes are deactivated by heating

378-468: The Great Persian Empire . Mämmi , or Easter Porridge, is a traditional Finnish Lenten food. Cooked from rye malt and flour, mämmi has a great resemblance (in the recipe, color, and taste) to samanū . Today, this product is available in shops from February until Easter. A (nonrepresentative) survey in 2013 showed that almost no one cooks mämmi at home in modern-day Finland . Malting

405-423: The barley in water to encourage it to sprout, then drying it to halt the progress when the sprouting begins. The drying step stops the sprouting, but the enzymes remain active due to the low temperatures used in base malt production. In one before-and-after comparison, malting decreased barley's extractable starch content by about 7% on a dry matter basis and turned that portion into various other carbohydrates. In

432-430: The building to the other. Floor maltings began to be phased out in the 1940s in favor of "pneumatic plants", where large industrial fans are used to blow air through the germinating grain beds and to pass hot air through the malt being kilned. Like floor maltings, these pneumatic plants use batch processes, but of considerably greater size, typically 100-ton batches compared with 20-ton batches floor maltings. As of 2014 ,

459-459: The children of the British urban working class, whose diet was often deficient in vitamins and minerals. Children were given cod liver oil for the same reason, but it proved so unpalatable that it was combined with extract of malt to produce "Malt and Cod-Liver Oil." The 1907 British Pharmaceutical Codex ' s instructions for making a nutritional extract of malt do not include a mashout at

486-419: The end of extraction and include the use of lower mash temperatures than is typical with modern beer-brewing practices. The Codex indicates that diastatic activity is to be preserved by the use of temperatures not exceeding 55 °C (131 °F). Malt extract is frequently used in the brewing of beer. Its production begins by germinating barley grain in a process known as malting, which consists of immersing

513-403: The grain into forms that can be used by yeast . The point at which the malting process is stopped affects the starch -to-enzyme ratio, and partly converted starch becomes fermentable sugars. Malt also contains small amounts of other sugars, such as sucrose and fructose , which are not products of starch modification, but which are already in the grain. Further conversion to fermentable sugars

540-529: The largest malting operation in the world was Malteurop, which operates in 14 countries. Barley is the most commonly malted grain, in part because of its high content of enzymes , though wheat, rye , oats , rice, and corn are also used. Also very important is the retention of the grain's husk , even after threshing , unlike the bare seeds of threshed wheat or rye. This protects the growing acrospire (developing plant embryo ) from damage during malting, which can easily lead to mold growth; it also allows

567-527: The malt. Malt is often divided into two categories by brewers: base malts and specialty malts. Base malts have enough diastatic power to convert their own starch and usually, that of some amount of starch from unmalted grain, called adjuncts . Specialty malts have little diastatic power, but provide flavor, color, or "body" ( viscosity ) to the finished beer. Specialty caramel or crystal malts have been subjected to heat treatment to convert their starches to sugars nonenzymatically. Within these categories

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594-400: The next step, brewers use a process called mashing to extract the sugars. Brewers warm cracked malt in temperature-modulated water, activating the enzymes, which cleave more of the malt's remaining starch into various sugars, the largest percentage of which is maltose . Modern beer-mashing practices typically include high enough temperatures at mash-out to deactivate remaining enzymes, thus it

621-492: The sprouting process. The enzyme also breaks down stored proteins into their amino-acid derivatives. The balance of proteins and carbohydrates broken down by the enzyme affects the malt's flavor. Enzyme-rich malt extract (ERME) is a specialised form of barley malt extract (marketed by Ateria Health ), that has undergone preparation to activate the natural amylase and glucanase enzymes in the grain. Initially researched as an equine food supplement, pilot studies using ERME as

648-450: The string of vetoes begun by Mayor Grover Cleveland ; they saved the city a great financial loss. Manning retired from politics after losing his campaign for re-election. He continued to grow and expand the malting business and built several grain elevators in the 1890s, each with a large storage capacity. On May 30, 1902, the largest fire Black Rock had ever seen consumed Manning's Frontier Canada plant. On January 14, 1856, Manning

675-483: The sugar, heavy in maltose, derived from such grains, such as the baker's malt used in various breakfast cereals; single malt whisky , often called simply "single malt"; or a product based on malted milk, similar to a malted milkshake (i.e. "malts"). Malted grains have probably been used as an ingredient of beer since ancient times, for example in Egypt ( Ancient Egyptian cuisine ), Sumer , and China. In Persian countries,

702-643: Was his nephew. As a child, Manning served as a page in the New York State Assembly and New York State Senate . In 1860–1862, he was the Albany correspondent for the Brooklyn Eagle . Several years later, he moved to Buffalo and established his commission and malting businesses there. Manning was elected mayor in a special election held on January 9, 1883, as the Democratic candidate. He continued

729-497: Was married to Elizabeth House of Troy, New York . Before her death in 1894, they were the parents of: After her death, he married Marie Ellenora "Mary" Schwank of Reading, Pennsylvania in 1897. Mary, the daughter of Adam Schwank and Marianna Elizabeth ( née Hartman) Schwank, was the half-sister of actor Bernard "Barney" (Schwank) McDonough. He died on April 28, 1908, at 953 St. Mark's Avenue, his home in Brooklyn, New York , and

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