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38-682: The Johannesburg Art Gallery (JAG) is an art gallery in Joubert Park in the city centre of Johannesburg , South Africa. Recent reports indicate that the Gallery is potentially facing a spiral of rapid decline or institutional destruction. A civil society group and volunteer organisation called Friends of JAG has been formed to help ensure "the Johannesburg Art Gallery can maintain its collection of Picassos and Rodins , Sekotos and Pierneefs ."This deterioration has continued unabated since

76-428: A Rodin sculpture to the collection. Some other small water drawings that collected through various Galleries thought to be less valuable and have being sold for collecting funds during the late 1950s and 1960s . In 1940, Johannesburg Art Gallery became the first South African gallery to purchase a work of art by a black artist, acquiring Yellow Houses by Gerard Sekoto . Since then, it has increasingly sought to address

114-629: A demand, from the Johannesburg Heritage Foundation and the Friends of JAG, to the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, to respect their mandate of care for both the JAG building and the art collection therein, has been issued Art gallery Among the modern reasons art may be displayed are aesthetic enjoyment, education , historic preservation , or for marketing purposes. The term

152-429: A gallery, a kunsthalle is a facility that hosts temporary art exhibitions however does not possess a permanent collection . The art world comprises everyone involved in the production and distribution of fine art. The market for fine art depends upon maintaining its distinction as high culture , although during recent decades the boundary between high and popular culture has been eroded by postmodernism . In

190-608: A major focus of urban regeneration programmes, used to provide the base for the Joubert Park Public Art Project (JPP) . The JPP contributed to the artistic, cultural and social development of the Joubert Park precinct, while developing links with community centres based in the surrounding area. The Friends of JAG have also lobbied to support & raise funds for Johannesburg Art Gallery, and assist with running activities and educational programmes, intended to "to nourish

228-636: A number of locations. Galleries selling the work of recognized artists may occupy space in established commercial areas of a city. New styles in art have historically been attracted to the low rent of marginal neighborhoods. An artist colony existed in Greenwich Village as early as 1850, and the tenements built around Washington Square Park to house immigrants after the Civil War also attracted young artists and avant-garde art galleries. The resulting gentrification prompted artists and galleries to move to

266-657: Is a unique commodity, the artist has a monopoly on production, which ceases when the artist either dies or stops working. Some businesses operate as vanity galleries , charging artists a fee to exhibit their work. Lacking a selection process to assure the quality of the artworks, and having little incentive to promote sales, vanity galleries are avoided as unprofessional. Some non-profit organizations or local governments host art galleries for cultural enrichment and to support local artists. Non-profit organizations may start as exhibit spaces for artist collectives , and expand into full-fledged arts programs. Other non-profits include

304-563: Is that while maintaining their urban establishments, galleries also participate in art fairs such as Art Basel and Frieze Art Fair . Art galleries are the primary connection between artists and collectors . At the high end of the market, a handful of elite auction houses and dealers sell the work of celebrity artists; at the low end artists sell their work from their studio, or in informal venues such as restaurants. Point-of-sale galleries connect artists with buyers by hosting exhibitions and openings. The artworks are on consignment, with

342-510: Is used to refer to establishments with distinct social and economic functions, both public and private. Institutions that preserve a permanent collection may be called either "gallery of art" or "museum of art". If the latter, the rooms where art is displayed within the museum building are called galleries. Art galleries that do not maintain a collection are either commercial enterprises for the sale of artworks, or similar spaces operated by art cooperatives or non-profit organizations . As part of

380-490: The Middle Ages that preceded, painters and sculptors were members of guilds, seeking commissions to produce artworks for aristocratic patrons or churches. The establishment of academies of art in the 16th century represented efforts by painters and sculptors to raise their status from mere artisans who worked with their hands to that of the classical arts such as poetry and music, which are purely intellectual pursuits. However,

418-471: The Museum of Modern Art and National Museum of Western Art ). However, establishments that display art for other purposes, but serve no museum functions, are only called art galleries. The distinctive function of a museum is the preservation of artifacts with cultural, historical, and aesthetic value by maintaining a collection of valued objects. Art museums also function as galleries that display works from

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456-817: The Venetia Limpopo Nature Reserve in Limpopo Province. Since 2015 Oppenheimer is also a Rhodes Trustee . In 2003, the Technikon Witwatersrand awarded Oppenheimer an honorary doctorate. He received the Presidential Order of Honour (2004) from the former President of Botswana, Festus Mogae , and an honorary fellowship (2009) from the London Business School . In 1968, he married Orcillia "Strilli" Lasch, daughter of industrial tycoon Helli Lasch; both are Anglican . His father

494-489: The art world , art galleries play an important role in maintaining the network of connections between artists, collectors, and art experts that define fine art . The terms 'art museum' and 'art gallery' may be used interchangeably as reflected in the names of institutions around the world, some of which are called galleries (e.g. the National Gallery and Neue Nationalgalerie ), and some of which are called museums (e.g.

532-485: The 15th century to the present. The initial collection was put together by Sir Hugh Lane , and exhibited in London in 1910 before being brought to South Africa. Florence, Lady Phillips , an art collector and wife of mining magnate Lionel Phillips , established the first gallery collection using funds donated by her husband. Lady Phillips donated her lace collection and arranged for her husband to donate seven oil paintings and

570-625: The Diamond Route in 2006 to maximise the potential of their properties for conservation, research and environmental awareness purposes. The Diamond Route links 8 sites across northern South Africa, stretching from Namaqualand on the west coast, to Kimberley , north to Tswalu in the Kalahari , and to the Brenthurst Gardens in Johannesburg , eastwards to Ezemvelo Nature Reserve and northwards to

608-603: The Lutyens' design. The present north facade and galleries, constructed during the 1986–87 extension were designed by Meyer Pienaar and Associates . In recent years the building has been poorly maintained, with many gallery halls closed and notable artworks removed from display. In 2023, the Oppenheimer family moved their collection from the deteriorating gallery to the Brenthurst Library . The Johannesburg art gallery has been

646-681: The Southern African region, as well as to broader community upliftment in the areas of education, health, nature conservation and the arts. Nicky Oppenheimer and his son Jonathan Oppenheimer established the Brenthurst Foundation in 2005 as a way to contribute to the debate around strategies and policies for strengthening Africa's economic performance and enabling inclusive and sustainable development . The family has also long been involved in environmental and conservation issues. The Oppenheimer family partnered with De Beers to establish

684-597: The United Kingdom, with a reported fortune of £5.5 billion. He was ranked as the richest person in South Africa on Forbes list of The World's Billionaires for 2019, with a fortune reported as US$ 7.3 billion and, again, on its 2020 list, with a reported fortune of US$ 7.6 billion in August 2020. The Oppenheimer family has directed much of its philanthropic efforts towards preserving the heritage and cultural importance of

722-413: The adjacent neighborhood "south of Houston" ( SoHo ) which became gentrified in turn. Attempting to recreate this natural process, arts districts have been created intentionally by local governments in partnership with private developers as a strategy for revitalizing neighborhoods. Such developments often include spaces for artists to live and work as well as galleries. A contemporary practice has been

760-412: The art market. Art dealers, through their galleries, have occupied a central role in the art world by bringing many of these factors together; such as "discovering" new artists, promoting their associations in group shows, and managing market valuation. Exhibitions of art operating similar to current galleries for marketing art first appeared in the early modern period , approximately 1500 to 1800 CE. In

798-549: The artist and the gallery splitting the proceeds from each sale. Depending upon the expertise of the gallery owner and staff, and the particular market, the artwork shown may be more innovative or more traditional in style and media. Galleries may deal in the primary market of new works by living artists, or the secondary markets for works from prior periods owned by collectors, estates, or museums. The periods represented include Old Masters , Modern (1900–1950), and contemporary (1950–present). Modern and contemporary may be combined in

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836-409: The arts as part of other missions, such as providing services to low-income neighborhoods. Historically, art world activities have benefited from clustering together either in cities or in remote areas offering natural beauty. The proximity of art galleries facilitated an informal tradition of art show openings on the same night, which have become officially coordinated as " first Friday events " in

874-456: The case of historical works, or Old Masters this distinction is maintained by the work's provenance ; proof of its origin and history. For more recent work, status is based upon the reputation of the artist. Reputation includes both aesthetic factors; art schools attended, membership in a stylistic or historical movement, the opinions of art historians and critics; and economic factors; inclusion in group and solo exhibitions and past success in

912-447: The category of Post-war art; while contemporary may be limited to the 21st century or "emerging artists". An enduring model for contemporary galleries was set by Leo Castelli . Rather than simply being the broker for sales, Castelli became actively involved in the discovery and development of new artists, while expecting to remain an exclusive agent for their work. However he also focused exclusively on new works, not participating in

950-468: The city for a purpose-built museum. The building was built with a south-facing entrance, but was not completed according to the architect's designs—no part of the museum was broken down to let in the light. It was opened to the public, without ceremony, in 1915, just after the start of the First World War. The gallery was extended during the 1940s with east–west wings along the south galleries according to

988-624: The collapse of a roofing section in 2017 due to poor maintenance. According to various media reports, the accelerated decline is due to 'inaction, corruption and theft' in the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality . It was once the largest gallery on the continent with a collection of more than 9000 artworks. The gallery collection is larger than that of the Iziko South African National Gallery in Cape Town. The building, which

1026-414: The colonial imbalances of its collection. The current collection includes works by Auguste Rodin , Dante Gabriel Rossetti , Pablo Picasso , Camille Pissarro , Claude Monet , Edgar Degas , Herbert Ward and Henry Moore , and South Africans such as Gerard Sekoto , Walter Battiss , Alexis Preller , Maud Sumner , Sydney Kumalo , Ezrom Legae and Pierneef . It also houses an extensive collection of

1064-531: The first indications of modern values regarding art; art as an investment versus pure aesthetics, and the increased attention to living artists as an opportunity for such investment. Commercial galleries owned or operated by an art dealer or "gallerist" occupy the middle tier of the art market , accounting for most transactions, although not those with the highest monetary values. Once limited to major urban art worlds such as New York, Paris and London, art galleries have become global. Another trend in globalization

1102-456: The museum's own collection or on loan from the collections of other museums. Museums might be in public or private ownership and may be accessible to all or have restrictions on access. Although primarily concerned with visual art , art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities where the art object is replaced by practices such as performance art , dance, music concerts, or poetry readings. Similar to

1140-466: The public exhibition of art had to overcome the bias against commercial activity, which was deemed beneath the dignity of artists in many European societies. Commercial art galleries were well-established by the Victorian era , made possible by the increasing number of people seeking to own objects of cultural and aesthetic value. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century there were also

1178-434: The resale of older work by the same artists. All art sales after the first are part of the secondary market, in which the artist and the original dealer are not involved. Many of these sales occur privately between collectors, or works are sold at auctions. However some galleries participate in the secondary market depending upon the market conditions. As with any market, the major conditions are supply and demand. Because art

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1216-466: The roots of culture". There are growing concerns about City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality 's poor maintenance of the Lutyens building, combined with deteriorating gallery conditions, such as water leaks and a lack of temperature control. This has caused concerns about the deterioration of "valuable and culturally significant art". Calls to shift the art collection from the city has been made, and

1254-600: The then Central Selling Organisation (now Diamond Trading Company ) in 1984, and deputy chairman of De Beers Consolidated Mines in 1985. He was also appointed chairman of the Diamond Trading Company in 1985. Chairman of the De Beers Group from 1998 to 2012, he retired when the family stake was sold to Anglo American. Oppenheimer appeared on the Sunday Times Rich List 2018 as the 23rd richest person in

1292-461: The use of vacant commercial space for art exhibitions that run for periods from a single day to a month. Now called "popup galleries", a precursor was Artomatic which had its first event in 1999 and has occurred periodically to the present, mainly in the Washington metro area . Nicky Oppenheimer Nicholas F. Oppenheimer (born 8 June 1945) is a South African billionaire businessman. He

1330-565: The work of contemporary local artists. The works of black artists were acquired for the first time from the late 1980s. The Johannesburg Art Gallery collection was opened to the public in 1910, before the gallery itself had been built, and was housed at the University of the Witwatersrand . The architect, Sir Edwin Lutyens , came to South Africa in 1910 to examine the site and begin the designs, after Lady Florence Phillips had secured funding from

1368-430: Was completed in 1915, was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens , with Robert Howden working as supervising architect, and consists of 15 exhibition halls and sculpture gardens. It houses collections of 17th-century Dutch paintings, 18th- and 19th-century British and European art, 19th-century South African works, a large contemporary collection of 20th-century local and international art, and a print cabinet containing works from

1406-561: Was formerly the chairman of De Beers diamond mining company and of its subsidiary, the Diamond Trading Company , and former deputy chairman of Anglo American . He is the third richest man in Africa. Born on 8 June 1945 in Johannesburg , Oppenheimer is the son of Bridget (née McCall) and Harry Oppenheimer , and grandson of Anglo American founder Ernest Oppenheimer (the first generation to chair De Beers , from 1929). His father

1444-412: Was of German Jewish descent. He was educated at Ludgrove School , Harrow School and Christ Church, Oxford , where he read Philosophy, Politics and Economics , earning an Oxford MA . Oppenheimer joined Anglo American in 1968, was appointed a director in 1974, then became deputy chairman in 1983. He resigned in 2001, remaining a non-executive director until 2011. He was appointed deputy chairman of

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