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45-575: James Albert Beck (August 11, 1916 – May 3, 1956) was an American country music talent agent , record promoter, recording studio owner, A&R engineer, record producer , and music publisher from Dallas, Texas , best known for discovering and being the first to record Lefty Frizzell . Beck operated the Jim Beck Studio in Dallas. Artists recording at the Jim Beck Studio included George Jones , Ray Price , Floyd Tillman , and Marty Robbins . Beck

90-645: A binding employment offer on behalf of their client. A prominent difference between agents and managers under California state law is that licensed talent agents and employment agents are the only entities legally allowed to seek work on behalf of their clients. This legal distinction has enabled artists such as the Deftones, Pamela Anderson, Nia Vardalos, Freddie Prinze Jr., and others to break contracts with their managers and avoid commissions owed according to those contracts by proving "unlicensed procurement" in court. Because enforcement against talent managers procuring work

135-404: A casting director, advertising agency, production company , photographer, or direct client if the client has an "in-house" production staff. Agents promote talent to the buyers, submitting talent who have the appropriate age, race, sex, look, talent, etc. that the buyer is seeking for his/her project. Usually, an agent submits the actor's head shot or the model's composite card or portfolio to

180-426: A certain city radius). Contracts typically last from a year to three years. A mother agency agreement can range from five to ten years. Poaching is the act of signing a model or agent from another agency while they are still under contract, an act that can be seen as financially detrimental to the agency. Typically, the agency sues the other agency for breach of contract. High fashion modeling agencies contract with

225-419: A demo CD, developing and releasing press kits, planning promotional activities, and booking shows. A music manager will gain access to a recording studio, photographers, and promotions. They will see that CD labels, posters, and promotional materials appropriately represent the band or artist and that press kits are released in a timely manner to appropriate media. Launching a CD with complementary venues and dates

270-423: A diverse group of models. Nearly without exception (unless a model is young enough to still be growing), agencies require women to be between 5'9 (minimum) and 6'1" and men to be between 5'11" and 6'3" and in fit or reasonable physical condition for all heights. Modelling agencies need new faces on a regular basis. The number of models in an agency depends on the demand brought in by its agents and changes throughout

315-620: A model's behalf. An agency usually bills a client an additional 20% service charge for booking the model, so a typical agency will make between 10 and 40% on each booking of which no more than 20% comes out of the model's pocket. This varies outside the US due to each country's law and taxes. Other contracts offered by modeling agencies are the mother agency contract and a non-exclusive contract. A mother agency tries to sign talent with larger agencies in each international market, while non-exclusive agencies allow models to sign with other agencies (usually outside

360-428: A modeling scam is when an agency claims to have work, but really what they are doing is trying to sell photoshoots and modeling courses to aspiring models. A legitimate agency should only make profit from agency commissions. A scam was exposed in 2009, when a Louisville -based male modeling agency, called "Models-Today, LLC", owned by convicted felon Russell Claxon, was exposed as having never obtained any jobs for

405-409: A part-time recording engineer at the Jim Beck Studio. Jimmy Rollins also worked at Beck's studio in the mid-1950s. Jim Beck died on May 3, 1956, at Baylor Hospital , after collapsing at his recording studio from accidentally inhaling carbon tetrachloride fumes while he and his assistant Jimmy Rollins were cleaning recording equipment. Talent agent A talent agent , or booking agent ,

450-406: A regular basis often employ an individual to assemble the schedule of events. This individual is the venue's buyer and should not be confused with the booking agent, who presents a roster of available acts to the buyer. Booking agents may also have contacts known as promoters. These are individuals who agree to produce a snake game by locating a wide open field, providing a sound system, and assembling

495-420: A staff. Producing a show in this manner at a location rented out for a single evening is called "four-walling," as the process entails renting a venue and receiving no additional services or technical equipment other than the space itself. This has often been the only available option for underground musicians lacking enough popular appeal to gain access to more conventional performance venues (see: Punk rock , but

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540-414: A talent's gross earnings. Managers do not face the same restrictions. Actors may be interested in working theatrically (stage, film or television) as well as in commercials. Some agents will handle all types of acting work, while others may specialize in a particular area. Some agents work only in the field of television, or only in film and television. Typically, the larger the agency, the more specialized

585-626: A third-party company to build specific bands using their own database of vetted musicians, while other cover band agencies work with session musicians that provide a 'flexible' line-up for each act. Cruise ship industry Booking agents are also used for the cruise ship industry, where several different categories of entertainers are needed. These can include individual musicians to be part of the ship's orchestra, small bands and ensembles, as well as variety entertainers such as singers, instrumentalists, magicians, comedians and acrobats. Artists looking to work on cruise ships will sign an employment contract with

630-694: Is a person who finds work for actors , authors , broadcast journalists , film directors , musicians , models , professional athletes , screenwriters , writers , and other professionals in various entertainment or sports businesses. In addition, an agent defends, supports and promotes the interest of their clients . Talent agencies specialize, either by creating departments within the agency or developing entire agencies that primarily or wholly represent one specialty. For example, there are modeling agencies , commercial talent agencies, literary agencies , voice-over agencies, broadcast journalist agencies, sports agencies, music agencies and many more. Having an agent

675-406: Is also a music manager's responsibility. Youth agents are a specialization or subset of theatrical and commercial agents that represent children, teenagers, and young adults. In addition to representation, youth agents must navigate the additional requirements surrounding minors, including legal, educational, parental, and family dynamics. In the U.S., all states have child labor laws that apply to

720-724: Is also credited for introducing Frizzell and Ray Price to Frank Jones of Columbia Records , which led to their first major recording contracts. In 1952 Marty Robbins recorded his first hit — " I'll Go on Alone " — at Beck's studio. Carl Smith also recorded a few hits there. Between 1954 and 1956, Frankie Miller recorded a series of singles for Columbia at Beck's studio. Record labels and producers who recorded at Jim Beck Studios included Decca (via Paul Cohen ), Bullet , King , Imperial (via Lew Chudd ), and Columbia Records (via Don Law ). Norman Petty , who later built and ran his own recording studio in Clovis, New Mexico , worked as

765-471: Is also used among the genre of raves and various DJ-related events. The cost factor of having a booking agent must be weighed against what the agent can do for clients and buyers alike. Some agents represent several different types of artists, while others represent artists in one main area/genre. Some music agencies deal exclusively with [cover bands], listing exclusive and non-exclusive artists on their rosters. In addition, some agencies will also work with

810-609: Is extensive and may include similar duties to that of a press agent, promoter, booking agent, business manager (who is sometimes a certified public accountant , tour promoter, tour manager, and sometimes even a personal assistant. responsibilities of a business manager are often divided among many individuals who manage various aspects of a musical career. With an unsigned act, music managers must assume multiple roles: booking agent, graphic designer, publicist , promoter, and accountant. As an artist's career develops, responsibilities grow. A music or artist manager becomes important to managing

855-512: Is largely carried out through civil litigation and not criminal penalties, managers directly seek out work in defiance of state laws, as clients out of self-interest will seldom object to them doing so, and cases alleging illegal procurement are infrequent. The Writer's Guild, Screen Actor's Guild, and Director's Guild, among labor guilds, strike agency franchise agreements that specify certain regulations and privileges reserved solely for agents, including setting maximum commissions at ten percent of

900-469: Is not required, but does help the artist get jobs (concerts, tours, movie scripts, appearances, signings, sport teams, etc.). In many cases, casting directors or other businesses go to talent agencies to find the artists for whom they are looking. The agent is paid a percentage of the star's earnings (typically 10%). Therefore, agents are sometimes referred to as "10 percenters". Various regulations govern different types of agents. The legal jurisdiction in which

945-457: Is the only person who can get the job. For their work, agents take a 10 to 20% commission of the gross, depending on whether the job is union (such as SAG-AFTRA) or not. Union jobs are paid per negotiated guidelines, but in non-union jobs, the pay is sometimes delayed. A well-established agent will have networks upon networks of contacts. Also, agents have access to professional casting services. Many of these casting resources are not available to

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990-526: Is through model management companies or agencies. An agency specializes in finding gigs for models that are signed with them, while managers are there to guide their models and help them start, develop, and establish successful careers, present models to booking agents, and arrange placements for their models. Mother agents /model managers play a key role in the modeling industry. They provide the constant supply of new faces to booking markets from scouting markets. Most models are from countries like Russia, Hungary,

1035-582: The "big five." or "top five". In 2009, Endeavor Talent Agency and William Morris merged. Later, CAA and ICM merged in 2022. Differences between agents and managers; the difference between the roles of agents and managers has become smaller and more blurred. A frequent definition of the role of a talent manager is to "oversee the day-to-day business affairs of an artist; advise and counsel talent concerning professional matters, long-term plans and personal decisions which may affect their career." Considerable overlap exists as talent agents may opt to fill exactly

1080-456: The 1950s to 1960s, a monumental shift occurred in how studios produced films and reduced the cost of exclusive and expensive actors. After the shift, actors and actresses were working for the studios but were not owned by one major studio entity, so they were able to work with other studios. This shift has meant that agents were now seen as a necessity instead of an option. Agents became third parties who negotiated between studios and clients, making

1125-557: The Army. He worked as a DJ for Dallas radio station KRLD , working on the Big D Jamboree and occasional host for the Louisiana Hayride live country music programs as he began to establish himself as a recording engineer . In 1950 Beck built a second recording studio at 1101 Ross Avenue in Dallas. Beck is credited with discovering and, in 1950, being the first to record Lefty Frizzell . He

1170-546: The Hollywood entertainment industry. In California, because talent agencies are working with lucrative contracts, the agencies must be licensed under special sections of the California Labor Code, which defines an agent as a "person or corporation who engages in the occupation of procuring, offering, promising, or attempting to procure employment for an artist or artists." Since the decline in viewership in theaters from

1215-575: The Netherlands, Poland, the Czech Republic, etc. while booking markets are New York, London, Paris, Milan, Tokyo, Shanghai, etc. Most agencies sign their top talent to exclusive contracts in each market, which vary in length based on the model's industry status and experience. However, because a good agency finds their models work and negotiates top price for their talent, they earn a management commission (between 10% and 20%) from every job they book on

1260-415: The agent conducts business and artist's unions set the rules. There are also professional associations of talent agencies. Talent agents (artist managers) are considered gatekeepers to their client's careers. They have the ability to reshape and reconstruct their client's image. They are dealmakers and assist their clients by orchestrating deals within the entertainment and event industries, more specifically

1305-416: The agents within it.In the segment talent management agencies, there is one more important segment called Artist booking agency who deals in commercial shows live performance booking, performances for wedding, corporate and social events etc. An agent has two sets of clients: the "talent" (actors, models, voice-over artists, bands, musicians, stand-up comedians, dancers etc.) and the "buyer". The buyer can be

1350-402: The artist who will fit their needs and available budget. Many of the major booking agencies refuse to represent clients who are not already signed to a major record label and have national distribution of their music. Because of this, artists on independent record labels often seek representation with an independent booking agency. Bars and nightclubs that specialize in presenting live music on

1395-409: The buyer. After the buyer has made choices, the agent then arranges an audition (or, for models, a "go-see" or open call). After the buyer has met the talent, the buyer will contact the agent to see if any of the talent will be hired. The agent will coordinate the details of wardrobe, directions, etc., as well as negotiate the contract or pay. The agent's job is to get the talent to audition; the talent

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1440-457: The cruise line and a separate commission contract with the booking agent. The agent will usually be based in the country of origin for the artist. A music manager (or band manager) handles many career issues for bands, singers, record producers, and DJs. An artist manager is hired by a musician or band to help with determining decisions related to career moves, bookings, promotions, business deals, recording contracts, etc. The role of music managers

1485-498: The details, an agency allows a model to focus on modeling and not on the business end. Because modeling is a competitive, fast moving business that extends beyond the traditional 9 AM to 5 PM business hours, an agency generally conducts business 24 hours a day, to handle emergencies such as cancellations or rush jobs. Most agencies have a service or an operator to handle emergency issues after hours. A popular and conventional way for models to build their contacts and get booked for gigs

1530-554: The entertainment industry. In California, the center of the entertainment industry, there are specific industry regulations and laws to protect minors working in entertainment that include: limited working hours and a requirement to set aside a portion of earnings into a trust. [REDACTED] Media related to Talent agents at Wikimedia Commons Modeling agency The top agencies work with big-budget advertising agencies and fashion designers . They invest money into developing their talent so they can increase their status within

1575-726: The general public. Although most of the successful agents are private individuals unknown to the public, some are celebrities in their own right. Notable current and former talent agents includes David Begelman , Ari Emanuel , Freddie Fields , Johnny Hyde , Irving Paul Lazar , Sue Mengers and Lew Wasserman . Some talent agencies specialize in the representation of television news broadcast journalists and television news magazine hosts. The journalists and hosts represented by these agents primarily work at television stations in local markets or at networks. There are many job titles for broadcast news journalists, such as anchors, reporters, weathercasters, sportscasters, correspondents and hosts. In

1620-429: The industry. These top agencies will help train models, get test shoots, layout portfolios, and put together comp cards (composition photo cards) and other printed materials models need. The agencies find work for models by presenting them to designers, photographers, and ad agencies. The agencies are also responsible for booking the jobs, billing for the jobs, and eventually paying the models for their time. By handling

1665-430: The many different pieces that make up a career in music. The manager can assist singers, songwriters, and instrumentalists in molding a career, finding music producers, and developing relationships with record companies, publishers, agents, and the music-loving public. The duties of an active music manager will focus on developing a reputation for the musician and building a fan base, which may include mastering and launching

1710-765: The marketplace and honestly evaluate models for their market. It will have contacts with photographers, graphic designers, and printers to prepare a model's marketing materials. Texas , Florida , and California have online resources listing licensed agencies. In the United States, the Better Business Bureau registers complaints against agencies that conduct dishonest business practices and scams. Scam artists and untrustworthy agencies generally demand long-term contracts up front and use high-pressure tactics to persuade models into committing to high-commission percentages or signing over unnecessary rights. An example of

1755-550: The models despite fees in the hundreds of dollars. Due to the unusually large number of consumer complaints filed against the business, including solicitation for gay male prostitution , this story was disseminated across the Better Business Bureau national networks and provides information on how to avoid such scams. Due to a lack of regulatory oversight in the United States, modelling agency scams can be easily carried out and sustained. Models-Today's owner began operating

1800-500: The music world, booking agents are different from talent managers. Booking agents are the people who actually book concerts for the artists they represent. These agents make all of the arrangements with the promoters of the shows. The booking agent presents the promoter or producer of the concert with a performance agreement , which stipulates the artist's requirements. Items may include lighting , sound, meals, hotel accommodations, and transportation. For concert buyers, they work to find

1845-449: The need for the agents' services an imperative for each party. In the 1980s, new agencies were established to compete with the "Big five." In 1991, Bauer-Benedek merged with Leading Artists Agency to form what became United Talent Agency. These agencies were Traid Artists and InterTalent. Traid Artist would eventually be sold to William Morris Agency in 1992, and InterTalent would diminish when its partners dispersed between UTA and ICM in

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1890-742: The same roles for their clients out of a financial interest in developing the careers of their talent and currying their favor. Various state laws and labor guild rules govern the roles reserved to agents, as well as specifying certain special rights, privileges, and prohibitions. In the state of California, the labor code requires licensing of talent agencies and includes regulations such as criminal background checks, maintaining separate operating accounts and client trust accounts, and limiting total commissions to 25 percent, among other regulations. In contrast, management companies are described as "often unregulated." Agents also have certain privileged powers in situations of verbal agreement and can legally agree to

1935-408: The same year. As of 2022 , the top three Hollywood talent agencies are William Morris Endeavor (WME), Creative Artists Agency (CAA), and United Talent Agency (UTA). Except for ICM Partners , each agency has its own affiliated production company, which may hire the agency's clients. In 1989, the three major agencies were William Morris, ICM, and CAA. During the 2000s, the majors were known as

1980-432: The year. To this end, modeling agencies advertise in local phone directories to remain visible. Each new model-screening process is different from one agency to the next: In this constantly changing industry where old agencies close or merge and new ones pop up in their place, scam artists have many opportunities to prey on new, unsuspecting models and aspiring models. A legitimate modeling agency should have knowledge of

2025-713: Was born in Marshall, Texas on August 11, 1916. His father was Albert Demastor Beck, a grain merchant, and his mother was Lorine Young McClanahan Beck, a housekeeper. He had two younger sisters. His family relocated to Fort Worth by 1930, where Beck later worked in radio sales. Beck joined the United States Army during World War II and served as a radio engineer until 1945. After his military service, he settled in Dallas, Texas. In Dallas, Beck built his first recording studio on Main Street, recording public service announcements for

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