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21-585: Construction of the palace started in 1738 on an island between the Lielupe river and its branches. The site had borne the residence of the former Courland dukes of the Kettler dynasty and, before that, a medieval castle belonging to the Livonian Order . Following Ernst Johann von Biron 's fall from grace in 1740, all construction work was stopped, even though the roof of the palace had not yet been completed. Most of

42-730: A student he started to work in Konstantīns Pēkšēns 's architecture office in 1900. In 1904 he took a study trip to Finland where he was introduced to National Romanticism in architecture. Laube graduated from the Riga Polytechnic Institute's department of architecture in 1907. Soon after he established his own architectural office in Riga. He also became lecturer in Riga Polytechnic Institute. In 1909 he traveled to Sweden and Germany to improve his professional abilities. In 1910 he took identical trip to France . From 1909 to 1914 he

63-501: Is 17,600 km (6,800 sq mi). The average fall of the Lielupe is about (0.1 m/km (0.53 ft/mi)) and its average flow is 106 m /s (3,700 cu ft/s), although a maximum of 1,380 m /s (49,000 cu ft/s) has been reached during floods. The Lielupe begins at the confluence of the Mēmele and Mūsa rivers near Bauska . For the upper part of its course,

84-485: Is not considered one of Rastrelli's better works. Critics note the dull facade design lacking rhythmic diversity and plastic richness which characterized Rastrelli's works in Empress Elizabeth 's period. Also, atypically for Rastrelli, the palace did not feature a garden; nor was the parade yard originally closed, instead facing the urban panorama of Jelgava. Originally, the palace consisted of two wings connected to

105-474: The French Revolution . Louis XVIII of France and his family lived in the palace between 1798 and 1800. It was here that Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte of France married Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême , in 1799. Later, Louis lived incognito at the palace from 1804 until 1807. French royalty attempted to recreate the court life of Versailles at Jelgava, where many old courtiers still lived, re-establishing all

126-466: The Buļļupe was the Lielupe's main channel. About 50-55% of the water discharge of the river is from melted snow. The Lielupe is navigable for a range of 100 km (60 mi), the longest continuous range among Latvian rivers. Municipalities along the river include Bauska , Mežotne , Jelgava , Kalnciems , Jūrmala and Riga . The Lielupe also gives its name to a railway station and a neighbourhood in

147-574: The Lielupe is covered in river grasses. At its lower reaches, the river flows parallel to the coastline of the Gulf of Riga ; the city of Jūrmala stretches for almost 30 km (19 mi) between the river and the sea. Eventually the Lielupe flows into the Baltic Sea, while the Buļļupe branch ( German : Kurische Aa ) flows into the Daugava River . The modern mouth of the river appeared in 1755. Before then

168-524: The Napoleonic Wars, the palace again was occupied by the administration of the Governorate of Courland, which was situated there until 1915. In 1815, the northern part of the palace was again damaged by fire. The interior decorations of the palace were destroyed in 1919 when the palace was looted and burned by the retreating West Russian Volunteer Army under the command of Pavel Bermondt-Avalov . Later,

189-605: The building materials and interior elements were moved to St. Petersburg where Rastrelli used them in building of other palaces. Work resumed after Biron's return from exile in 1762. However, due to financial difficulties duke moved into palace only in 1772 although interior decorations still was in progress in many rooms. Besides Rastrelli (who, with the death of his patroness, the Empress Elizabeth , lost business in Saint Petersburg ), Danish architect Severin Jensen participated in

210-553: The city of Jūrmala. The following rivers are tributaries to the river Lielupe (from source to mouth): Ei%C5%BEens Laube Eižens Laube (May 25, 1880 – July 21, 1967) was a Latvian architect . He was responsible for some of the reconstruction work of Riga Castle in the 1930s and designed more than 200 houses in Riga . Eižens Laube was born in Riga as a son of a potter . In 1899 he graduated Realschule and started architecture studies in Riga Polytechnic Institute. While still

231-408: The court ceremonies, including the lever and coucher (ceremonies that accompanied waking and bedding, respectively) In the beginning of 19th. century, the palace became residence of the governor-general of Courland Governorate . For a short time in 1812, after Napoleon 's invasion of Russia, the palace housed a government of the restored Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, led by Count von Medem. After

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252-517: The main building forming a U-shape. In 1937 a fourth building was added by Eižens Laube effectively closing the perimeter. Features of special historical significance include the burial vault of the Dukes of Courland in the south-east basement. All Dukes of Courland from the Houses of Kettler and Biron were buried there between 1569 and 1791. The rooms contain 21 sarcophagi and nine wooden coffins. The crypt

273-627: The palace became property of the Latvian Republic , and major reconstruction and restoration started. The new Jelgava Academy of Agriculture was established in the palace, opening in autumn 1939. From 1941 until summer of 1944, the palace was a residence of Gebietskommissar von Mitau Walter von Medem . The palace suffered heavy damage in World War II , during battles for Jelgava in the summer of 1944. Like many other historical buildings in Jelgava,

294-516: The palace was almost completely destroyed during heavy shelling and street fighting. The exterior of the palace was restored between 1956 and 1964, but not the interior. After restoration, the Latvia Academy of Agriculture (now the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies) was again located in the palace; today it houses university administration and three faculties. Jelgava Palace

315-481: The project, giving the palace a touch of classicism . After construction was completed in 1772, the duke lived in the palace for six months. In 1779, his successor, Peter von Biron , hosted the famous adventurer Alessandro Cagliostro in the palace. In 1788 part of the palace was damaged by fire. After Courland was absorbed by the Russian Empire in 1795, the palace served as a refuge for French royalty fleeing

336-415: The river flows through a dolomite valley with a few small rapids, until it reaches Mežotne , where it widens and deepens over the flat Zemgale Plain. For many years the Lielupe would frequently overflow its shallow banks and flood surrounding fields and villages, particularly during the spring thaw. Today many parts of the Lielupe's banks are contained with earthen dikes to prevent disastrous floods. Much of

357-683: The university in the autumn 1941. In 1944, he fled to Germany where he worked as a professor of architecture at the Baltic University , Pinneberg , near Hamburg . From 1950, he lived in Olympia, Washington in the United States where he worked in an architecture office. Since 1955 he lived in Portland . He devoted his last years to writing and died on July 21, 1967, in Portland. Before World War I Laube

378-624: The university. He was also chairman of the Latvian Architects Society (1924–26). In the 1930s he again became dean of Faculty of Architecture. In 1938 he participated in establishment of first Latvian professional architectural magazine Latvijas Architektūra . After the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940 , he was dismissed from all posts but was not physically repressed. After the Occupation of Latvia by Nazi Germany Laube resumed his work in

399-509: Was one of the pioneers of Riga Art Nouveau movement, notably the lavishly decorated apartment building at 23 Tallinas Street 1901 together with Pēkšēns. His best-known works are in the National Romantic version of the style. He mainly used natural materials, different-colored bricks, local varieties of stone, metal, wood. Laube's building ornaments were typically flower and geometric motifs, and his buildings were usually directed upwards in

420-570: Was relocated to the palace in 1819. Lielupe The Lielupe ( [ˈli.e.lu.pe] in Latvian literally : Large River , Lithuanian : Lielupė , German : Kurländische Aa ) is a river in central Latvia . Its length is 119 km (74 mi) (the length would reach 310 km (190 mi) if the Mēmele River were counted as part of the Lielupe). The surface area of its drainage basin

441-594: Was the official adviser to the Commission for Artistic Issues in Architecture, in Riga. After the First World War started in 1915 Laube together with Riga Polytechnic Institute was evacuated to Moscow . He returned to Riga in 1917. In 1919 he became one of the founding members of University of Latvia and became dean of Faculty of Architecture. He was elected professor in 1920. In 1922 he briefly became rector of

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