57-526: Jaynagar Majilpur ( Bengali: [d͡ʒɔe̯nɔgoɾ mod͡ʒɪlpuɾ] ) is a city and a municipality of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal . It is situated in the southern suburbs of Kolkata . As an urban setup in the vicinity of Kolkata, the city is within the area of Greater Kolkata . It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). The city
114-591: A Kayastha , was an influential officer in the service of Daud Khan Karrani . Upon the fall of Daud, he fled with the government treasure in his custody. He then, in 1574, set up a kingdom for himself in the marshy land to the extreme south of Khulna district and took the title of Maharaja . Pratapaditya inherited the kingship in 1574. The Baharistan and travel diary of Abdul Latif, and the contemporary European writers, testify to Pratapaditya's personal ability, political pre-eminence, material resources and martial strength, particularly in war-boats. His territories covered
171-487: A literacy rate of 77.51%. 25.58% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 24,64,032 (30.19%) and 96,976 (1.19%) of the population respectively. Hindus are the majority community in most of the district. Scheduled Castes make up nearly half the Hindu population and the majority of rural Hindus. The most populous Scheduled Castes are Poundras and Namashudras . The proportion of Hindus
228-453: A merchant character of the Manasavijaya , reached Baruipur, from Kalighat, through the old Bhagirathi channel. From there he proceeded towards Chhatrabhog, and then traveling through Hatiagarh pargana reached the open sea". Chaitanyadeva (1486–1534) also went through this route. Travelling by boat to Puri he halted at the village of Atisara, near Baruipur. "His last stoppage in 24 Parganas
285-865: A prisoner at Benares , on his way to Delhi . [REDACTED] The district comprises five subdivisions: Alipore Sadar , Baruipur , Canning , Diamond Harbour and Kakdwip . Alipore is the district headquarters. There are 33 police stations, 29 community development blocks, 7 municipalities and 312 gram panchayats in the district. Other than the municipality areas, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns . In total there are 118 urban units: 7 municipalities and 111 census towns. The Alipore Sadar subdivision consists of: The Baruipur subdivision consists of: The Canning subdivision consists of: The Diamond Harbour subdivision consists of: The Kakdwip subdivision consists of: The district has five parliamentary constituencies: Based on
342-481: A stall for the city dwellers. The city receives 2,528 hours of sunshine per year, with maximum sunlight exposure occurring in March. Jaynagar Majilpur has been hit by several cyclones; these include systems occurring in 1737 and 1864 that killed thousands. According to the 2011 Census of India , Jaynagar Majilpur had a total population of 25,922, of which 13,234 were males and 12,688 were females. There were 2,277 people in
399-494: A total of 6,036 households as of 2011. According to the 2001 Census of India , Jaynagar Majilpur had a total population of 23,315. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. It has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 71%. 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality covers an area of 5.85 km (2.26 sq mi). It has jurisdiction over parts of
456-523: A total population of 8,161,961, roughly equal to the nation of Honduras or the US state of Virginia . This made in the 6th most populous district in India out of a total of 640. The district had a population density of 819 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,120/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 18.05%. South 24 Parganas had a sex ratio of 956 females for every 1000 males, and
513-578: Is very high damage risk . The annual mean temperature is 26.8 °C (80.2 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 19 to 30 °C (66 to 86 °F). Summers (March–June) are hot and humid, with temperatures in the low 30s Celsius; during dry spells, maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in May and June. Winter lasts for roughly 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 months, with seasonal lows dipping to 9 to 11 °C (48 to 52 °F) in December and January. May
570-502: Is a festival originating from the Indian subcontinent , dedicated to the Hindu goddess Kali . It is celebrated on the new moon day (Dipannita Amavasya) of the Hindu calendar month of Ashwayuja (according to the amanta tradition) or Kartika (according to the purnimanta tradition). The festival is especially popular in the region of West Bengal , and other places like Mithila , Jharkhand , Odisha , Assam , and Tripura , as well as
627-789: Is a vast tract of forest and saltwater swamp forming the lower part of the Ganges Delta and extending about 260 kilometres (160 mi) along the Bay of Bengal from the Hooghly River Estuary in the north to the Meghna River Estuary in Bangladesh in the east. The whole tract reaches inland for 100 to 130 kilometres (60– to 80 miles). A network of estuaries, tidal rivers, and creeks intersected by numerous channels, it encloses flat, marshy islands covered with dense forests. The name Sundarbans
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#1732951346926684-511: Is also famous for some commonly domesticated livestock breeds which includes the Garole breed of sheep and China hens or Muscovy ducks , the Garole sheep is considered as the progenitor of the Booroola merino sheep and is noted for its prolific character. However, the wool of the sheep which can be a valuable natural asset does not find any use among the natives. Bakkhali beach resort, located on one of
741-401: Is famous for its confectionery called Jaynagarer Moa . Jaynagar is an ancient settlement. The name of Jaynagar comes from the name of the local goddess Joychandi , from which the city derived the name, Joychanditala . Over time it became Joychandinagar and then Joynagar or Jaynagar . Another ancient settlement is Majilpur. The etymology of the name is an interesting one. Originally
798-562: Is maximum in the coastal south of the district, especially in the Sunderbans bordering Bangladesh. Muslims have a greater concentration in the north and west of the district, especially in the rural areas surrounding Kolkata. Christians are also present in small numbers, and have their highest concentration in Thakurpukur Maheshtala where they are 8.84% of the rural population. Languages of South 24 Parganas district (2011) Nearly
855-530: Is one of the most iconic yearly events in the city. Also, by the express direction of the Dhanwantary Kali , every year, during Kali Puja , it is mandatory to host a Kali Puja in every Brahmin household of the city. It used to be a big annual festival, with hundreds of houses performing Kali Puja on the night of the Diwali , and going out on the next day in a beautifully orchestrated procession, going around
912-546: Is perhaps derived from the word meaning "forest of sundari," a reference to the large mangrove tree that provides valuable fuel. Along the coast the forest passes into a mangrove swamp ; the southern region, with numerous wild animals and crocodile-infested estuaries, is virtually uninhabited. It is one of the last preserves of the Royal Bengal tiger and the site of a tiger preservation project. The cultivated northern area yields rice, sugarcane, timber, and betel nuts. The region
969-638: Is prescribed offerings of red hibiscus flowers, sweets, rice, and lentils. It is prescribed that a worshipper should meditate throughout the night until dawn. Homes and pandals may also practice rites in the Brahmanical (mainstream Hindu-style, non-Tantric) tradition with ritual dressing of Kali in her form as Adya Shakti Kali and no animals are sacrificed. She is offered food and sweets made of rice, lentils, and fruits. However, in Tantric tradition, animals are ritually sacrificed on Kali Puja day and offered to
1026-523: Is the biggest festival in Tamluk , Barasat , Barrackpore , Naihati , Sonamukhi (Bankura) , Dhupguri , Dinhata , Tapshitala . It is also famous in Bhagalpur of Bihar. During Kali Puja (like Durga Puja ) worshippers honor the goddess Kali in their homes in the form of clay sculptures and in pandals (temporary shrines or open pavilions). She is worshipped at night with tantric rites and mantras . She
1083-468: Is the hottest month, with daily temperatures ranging from 27 to 37 °C (81 to 99 °F); January, the coldest month, has temperatures varying from 12 to 23 °C (54 to 73 °F). The highest recorded temperature is 43.9 °C (111.0 °F), and the lowest is 5 °C (41 °F). The winter is mild and very comfortable weather pertains over the city throughout this season. Often, in April–June,
1140-577: Is the major government medical facility in the Jaynagar Majilpur. South 24 Parganas South 24 Parganas (Pron: pɔrɡɔnɔs; abbr. 24 PGS (S) ), or sometimes South Twenty Four Parganas and Dakshin 24 Parganas , is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal , headquartered in Alipore . It is the largest district of West Bengal by area and second largest by population. It is the sixth most populous district in India (out of 640). On one side of
1197-542: The Bhattacharyas in the city are his scions, with the current 13th generation being settled out of the city. The city is famous for the ancient Dhanwantary Kali Temple , believed to be very benevolent, who listens to the prayers of her devotees promptly. An annual event is held, called the Besher Mela , where the goddess Kali is dressed up as Radha Krishna and other goddesses. It attracts thousands of devotees, and
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#17329513469261254-541: The Delimitation Commission in respect of the delimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, the district was divided into thirty-one assembly constituencies. Baruipur Purba, Basanti, Bishnupur, Canning Paschim, Gosaba, Kultali, Jaynagar, Magrahat Purba and Mandirbazar constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. According to the 2011 census of India , South 24 Parganas district had
1311-702: The Ganges would flow over where the city is, but slowly it started silting down. This silting is called Moje Jaoa in Bengali language, from which the city derived the name, Mojapur . Over time it became Mojpur , Mojipur and then Mojilpur or Majilpur . Many janapadas grew up along the old Bhagirathi channel from the ancient times until around the 16th century: Kalighat , Boral, Rajpur , Harinavi , Mahinagar, Baruipur , Baharu , Jaynagar, Majilpur, Chhatrabhog etc. Bipradas Pipilai 's Manasavijaya , composed in 1495, mentions many places in this region. " Chand Sadagar ,
1368-723: The Jaynagar I and Jaynagar II CD blocks. The headquarters of the Jaynagar I CD block are located at Baharu. The map of the CD block Jaynagar I on the page number 699 in the District Census Handbook 2011 for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur. The headquarters of the Jaynagar II CD block are located at Nimpith. The map of
1425-693: The Jaynagar Lok Sabha constituency , which is reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) . Baruipur, Bishnupur Purba, Kabitirtha, Jadavpur, Behala Paschim, Behala Purba and Magrahat Paschim constituencies form the Jadavpur Lok Sabha constituency . Bishnupur Paschim, Garden Reach, Maheshtala, Budge Budge, Satgachhia, Falta and Diamond Harbour constituencies form the Diamond Harbour Lok Sabha constituency . Magrahat Purba, Mandirbazar, Mathurapur, Kulpi, Patharpratima, Kakdwip and Sagar constituencies form
1482-598: The Mathurapur Lok Sabha constituency , which is reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) . Along with six assembly segments from North 24 Parganas district , Bhangar assembly constituency forms the Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency . Along with three assembly constituencies from Kolkata district , Alipore, Dhakuria, Tollyganj, Sonarpur form the Kolkata Dakshin Lok Sabha constituency . In the 2008 order of
1539-493: The Ministry of Panchayati Raj named South 24 Parganas one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). South 24 Parganas district had a literacy rate of 77.51% as per the provisional figures of the census of India 2011. Alipore Sadar subdivision had a literacy rate of 81.14%, Baruipur subdivision 77.45%, Canning subdivision 70.98%, Diamond Harbour subdivision 76.26% and Kakdwip subdivision 82.04% Given in
1596-720: The Subahdar . He promised military assistance and personal service in the Mughal campaign against Musa Khan , a pledge he did not keep. To punish Pratapaditya for his disloyalty and to subjugate his territory, a large expedition was launched under the command of Ghiyas Khan, which soon reached Salka, near the confluence of the Jamuna and Ichhamati, in 1611. Pratapaditya equipped a strong army and fleet and placed them under expert officers. His eldest son Udayaditya constructed an almost impregnable fort at Salka with natural barriers on three sides. In battle,
1653-481: The 18th century, King (Raja) Krishnachandra of Nabadwip also made this puja wide spread. Kali Puja saw a surge in popularity in the 19th century, coinciding with the rise in prominence of the Kali devotee Sri Ramakrishna among Bengalis. This period marked a significant shift, as affluent landowners began to sponsor the festival extensively, leading to grander and more elaborate celebrations. Along with Durga Puja , Kali Puja
1710-546: The 1960s. As of 2005–06, more than 1.7 million (17 lakhs) commuters use the Kolkata Suburban Railway system daily. After the partition of India, refugees from erstwhile East Pakistan and Bangladesh had a strong impact on the development of urban areas in the periphery of Kolkata. The new immigrants depended on Kolkata for their livelihood, thus increasing the number of commuters. Eastern Railway runs 1,272 EMU trains daily. Jaynagar Majilpur Maternity Home, with 10 beds,
1767-444: The 1991 census, the district was divided into thirty-two legislative assembly constituencies Gosaba, Basanti, Kultali, Canning Paschim, Sonarpur, Bishnupur Purba, Magrahat Purba, Mandirbazar and Kulpi constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Along with one assembly constituency from North 24 Parganas district , Gosaba, Basanti, Kultali, Jaynagar, Canning Paschim and Canning Purba assembly constituencies form
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1824-565: The CD block Jaynagar II on the page number 725 in the District Census Handbook 2011 for the South 24 Parganas district shows the headquarters of the CD block as being located in Jaynagar Majilpur. Jaynagar Majilpur is on the State Highway 1 . Jaynagar Majilpur railway station is on the Sealdah–Namkhana line of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system. With the electrification of the railways, suburban traffic has grown tremendously since
1881-516: The Jaynagar I CD block, are adjacent to Jaynagar Majilpur. Nimpith and Tulshighata , both in the Jaynagar II CD block, are very close to Jaynagar Majilpur. These nine locations (eight census towns and a municipal city) virtually form a cluster. Jaynagar Majilpur is subject to a tropical wet-and-dry climate that is designated Aw under the Köppen climate classification . According to a United Nations Development Programme report, its wind and cyclone zone
1938-572: The Jaynagar Majilpur. The municipality was established on 1 April 1869 ; 155 years ago ( 1 April 1869 ) . It is divided into 14 administrative wards. According to the 2022 municipal election, it is being controlled by the All India Trinamool Congress . Jaynagar police station covers an area of 438.06 km (169.14 sq mi). It has jurisdiction over parts of the Jaynagar Majilpur Municipality , and
1995-449: The Jessore fleet gained an initial advantage but the imperial army cut off the Jessore fleet, made a breach in its ranks and broke its unity and discipline. In the melee that followed, the admiral, Khwaja Kamal, was killed. Udayaditya lost heart and hastily fled to his father, narrowly escaping capture. Pratapaditya prepared himself to fight a second time from a new base near the confluence of
2052-477: The Kagarghat canal and the Jamuna river. He constructed a fort and gathered all his available forces there. The imperialists began the battle on January, 1612 with an attack on the Jessore fleet, compelling it to seek shelter beneath the fort. But their advance was checked by the heavy cannonade of the Jessore artillery. However, a sudden attack by the imperialists completely defeated the Jessore fleet and they fell upon
2109-569: The Kalighat Temple in Kolkata, Kali is worshipped as Lakshmi on this day. The temple is visited by thousands of devotees who give offerings to the goddess. Another famous temple dedicated to Kali in Kolkata is Dakshineswar Kali Temple , where Sri Rāmakrishna performed rites. Although the widely popular annual Kali Puja celebration, also known as the Dipanwita Kali Puja , is celebrated on
2166-433: The age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate people was 20,898, which constituted 80.6% of the population with male literacy of 83.8% and female literacy of 77.3%. The effective literacy (7+) of population over 6 years of age was 88.4%, of which male literacy rate was 92.0% and female literacy rate was 84.7%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 4,830 and 24 respectively. Jaynagar Majilpur had
2223-708: The city is struck by heavy rains or dusty squalls that are followed by thunderstorms or hailstorms, bringing cooling relief from the prevailing humidity. These thunderstorms are convective in nature, and are known locally as Kal'bôishakhi , or Nor'westers in English. Rains brought by the Bay of Bengal branch of the south-west summer monsoon lash Jaynagar Majilpur between June and September, supplying it with most of its annual rainfall of about 1,850 mm (73 in). The highest monthly rainfall total occurs in July and August. In these months often incessant rain for days brings live to
2280-472: The city, before the immersion or the Bisarjan . However, over the past few years, the number of houses performing Kali Puja has fallen drastically, now performed in only twenty odd houses. This has been mainly due to the gradual outward immigration of people from the hamlet, the reluctancy of the younger generation, and their inability to get hold of funds considering the deteriorating economic condition of Bengal,
2337-532: The days of the festival. People from different regions gather to witness the majestic pandals . The pandals also house images of Kali's consort, Shiva , two famous Bengali Kali devotees named Ramakrishna and Bamakhepa , along with scenes from mythology of Kali and her various forms, including images of the Mahavidyas , sometimes considered as the "ten Kalis." The Mahavidyas is a group of ten Tantric goddesses headed by Kali. People visit these pandals throughout
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2394-546: The district there is the urban fringe of Kolkata , and on the other the remote riverine villages in the Sundarbans . Originally, the capital of Raja Bikramaditya and Maharaja Pratapaditya was at Dhumghat. Later it was transferred to Ishwaripur (Originated from the name Jeshoreshwaripur). Maharaja Pratapaditya declared the independence of South Bengal from the Mughal Empire . Pratapaditya's father Shrihari (Shridhar),
2451-476: The entire population speaks Bengali . There is a small number of Hindi speakers who live in the suburbs of Kolkata. In 1984, South 24 Parganas district became home to Sundarbans National Park , which has an area of 1,330 km (513.5 sq mi). It shares the park with North 24 Parganas district and is also home to four wildlife sanctuaries : Haliday Island , Lothian Island , Narendrapur , and Sajnekhali . Sundarbans , formerly Sunderbunds ,
2508-457: The fort with elephants in front, compelling Pratapaditya to evacuate the fort and retreat. This second defeat sealed the fate of Pratapaditya. At Kagarghat he tendered submission to Ghiyas Khan, who personally escorted Pratapaditya to Islam Khan at Dhaka . The Jessore king was put in chains and his kingdom was annexed. Pratapaditya was kept confined at Dhaka. No authentic information is available regarding his last days, however, he probably died as
2565-527: The goddess. A celebration of Kali Puja in Kolkata is held in a large cremation ground (Kali is believed to dwell in cremation grounds). Barasat , Tamluk , Barrackpore , Naihati and Madhyamgram region of North 24 Parganas , In North Bengal: Dhupguri , Dinhata , Coochbehar is well known for their majestic pandals, lightings and Idols. Durga Puja of Kolkata is often said synonymously with Kali Puja of Barasat. The region experiences Lacs of footfalls during
2622-569: The greater part of what is now included in the greater Jessore , Khulna and Barisal districts. He established his capital at Dhumghat, a strategic position at the confluence of the Jamuna and Ichhamati rivers. Among the Bengal zamindars , Pratapaditya was the first to send his envoy to Islam Khan Chisti with a large gift to win the favour of the Mughals, and then, in 1609, tendered personal submission to
2679-576: The islands jutting out into the Bay of Bengal , is gaining in popularity, with improvements in transport links with Kolkata . The area has been declared as world heritage site by the UNESCO. Boat tours are provided at many places in the region. Agriculture, Industry and Pisciculture are all at their peak in the district. On the west side of the district is the Falta Special Economic Zone (SEZ), which houses various types of industry. In 2006,
2736-728: The last independent Hindu king of Bengal at Jessore was defeated by the Mughal forces, the State Diwan's ( Grand vizier ) family and the State Priest's family were forced to flee to avoid persecution and conversion. They settled down in the city to form the estate of the Duttas , and the Brahmin priest, Sree Krishna Udgata, who came over, settled down in what is today the Bhattacharya Para . All
2793-418: The legends on this day the doors of both the "Naraka" and the "swarga" open for some time, while Ratanti puja is celebrated on Magha Krishna Chaturdashi and Phalaharini puja is celebrated on Jyeshta Amavashya of Bengali calendar. The Phalaharini Kali Puja is especially important in the life of the saint Ramakrishna and his wife Sarada Devi , since on this day in 1872, Ramakrishna worshipped Sarada Devi as
2850-415: The new moon day of the month of Kartika , Kali is also worshipped in other new moon days too. Three other major Kali Puja observations are Ratanti Kali Puja , Phalaharini Kali Puja and Kaushiki Amavasya Kali Puja . Kaushiki amavasya Kali Puja is greatly associated with the goddess Tara of Tarapith as it is considered the day when Devi Tara appeared on earth and blessed sadhak Bamakhepa , also according to
2907-406: The night. Kali Puja is also the time for magic shows, theater, and fireworks. Recent custom has incorporated wine consumption. At Naihati , the goddess Kali is worshipped as Boro Maa (Kali) , otherwise known as Boro Kali . Her idol, which is an astounding height of 21 feet, is worshipped with pomp on the night of Diwali . She is adorned with several kilograms of gold and silver jewelry. In
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#17329513469262964-422: The notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map. Jaynagar Majilpur is located at 22°10′31″N 88°25′12″E / 22.1751965°N 88.4200762°E / 22.1751965; 88.4200762 . It has an average elevation of 8 metres (26 ft). Raynagar , Kalikapur Barasat , Baharu , Uttarparanij , Alipur and Uttar Durgapur , all in
3021-614: The population live in the urban areas and 68.95% live in the rural areas. In the southern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 20 census towns . The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the southern part is covered by the Baruipur-Jaynagar Plain. Archaeological excavations at Dhosa and Tilpi , on the bank of the Piyali River indicate the existence of human habitation around 2,000 years ago. Note: The map alongside presents some of
3078-465: The rise of public subscription or locally called Barowari Puja . The city was also called Half-Calcutta owing to the development it had seen before independence, with stalwarts like Sivanath Sastri and Umesh Chandra Dutta emerging. It was also a centre for active freedom fighting, with names like Kanailal Bhattacharya and Rajaram Bhattacharya to name a few. Baruipur subdivision is a rural subdivision with moderate levels of urbanization. 31.05% of
3135-778: The table below (data in numbers) is a comprehensive picture of the education scenario in South 24 Parganas district, with data for the year 2013–14: .* Does not include data for portions of South 24 Parganas district functioning under Kolkata Municipal Corporation The table below (all data in numbers) presents an overview of the medical facilities available and patients treated in the hospitals, health centres and sub-centres in 2014 in South 24 Parganas district. Note: The district data does not include data for portions of South 24 Parganas district functioning under Kolkata Municipal Corporation. The number of doctors exclude private bodies. Kali Puja Kali Puja ( ISO : Kālī Pūjā ), also known as Shyama Puja or Mahanisha Puja ,
3192-453: The town of Titwala in Maharashtra , along with the neighbouring country of Bangladesh . The festival of Kali Puja is not an ancient one. Kali Puja was practically unknown before the 16th century; famous sage Krishnananda Agamavagisha first initiated Kali Puja. A late 17th-century devotional text, Kalika mangalkavya , also mentions an annual festival dedicated to Kali. In Bengal during
3249-518: Was at Chhatrabhog, now a village within the jurisdiction of the Mathurapur police station. Chhatrabhog seems to have been an important river-port on the old Bhagirathi channel". Rama Chandra Khan, the zamindar of Chhatrabhog, helped Chaitanyadeva to continue with his journey. The city of Jaynagar Majilpur carries the memory of a very significant incident in the history of the Bengal . When Pratapaditya ,
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