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28-632: The idea to build a railway linking the coast with Jerusalem was first raised in the middle of the 19th century by Dr. Conrad Schick , Sir Moses Montefiore and others. The franchise for laying the railway was obtained from the Ottoman government by Joseph Navon , but due financial difficulties, he had to sell the franchise to a French company which was set up to build the line – the Société du Chemin de Fer Ottoman de Jaffa à Jérusalem et Prolongements . The groundbreaking ceremony took place on March 31, 1890. The track

56-498: A further section to Dayr Aban was opened on December 4 of the same year. The stations were built just a short time before the track was laid in their respective areas. In Jaffa and Jerusalem, the French railway company sought to build the stations as close as possible to the old cities, while the Ottoman authorities prevented them from doing so, resulting the terminuses' relative distance (for

84-624: Is an ancient port situated on the Mediterranean Sea . It is located in Old Jaffa within Jaffa , Tel Aviv , Israel . The port serves as a fishing harbour, a yacht harbour, and as a tourist destination. It offers a variety of cultural and food options, including restaurants where fresh fish and seafood is served. Jaffa Port is mentioned in various ancient works, including in the Hebrew Bible (namely

112-553: The Book of Jonah ) and in the works of Josephus describing Jewish history and the First Jewish–Roman War . It has been in active usage for over 7,000 years, predating even ancient Egypt . Still functional as a small fishing port, it is currently a recreational zone featuring restaurants and cafés. A lighthouse, Jaffa Light , is located above the port. In 1917, during World War I , British troops under Edmund Allenby defeated

140-759: The Jerusalem Theater in Talbiya . Other buildings designed by Schick are St Paul's Anglican Chapel in Jerusalem (now St Paul's Church, see Anglican Diocese of Jerusalem ) and the German Deaconesses Hospital (until the 2020s the eastern wing of the meanwhile closed Bikur Holim Hospital ), both on Street of the Prophets. Schick is also remembered for his fifty years of archaeological investigations of Jerusalem and its surroundings. He worked for many years for

168-693: The Old City of Jerusalem near the Damascus Gate . One model shows the Temple Mount as it was in the 1870s, based on his research. The other is a somewhat fanciful model of the Jewish Temple. The Conrad Schick Library at Christ Church , in the Old City of Jerusalem , is named for him. So is the alley leading to the entrance of The Garden Tomb . Port of Jaffa Jaffa Port ( Hebrew : נמל יפו , Nemal Yāfō ; Arabic : ميناء يافا , Menʿā Yāfā )

196-684: The Ottoman Empire and took Jaffa, which then became part of Mandatory Palestine . In 1947 and 1948, there was sharp fighting between Jaffa, which was largely inhabited by Arabs , and Tel Aviv , which was largely inhabited by Jews . On 13 May 1948 (a day before the Israeli Declaration of Independence ), Arab forces in Jaffa were defeated after a lengthy fight with the Haganah and the Irgun . On 24 April 1950,

224-693: The Palestine Exploration Fund , publishing frequently in the Fund's journal. In 1872, Schick was permitted to conduct research on the Temple Mount , which was generally off limits to non-Muslims. Consequently, he built models of the Temple Mount (see below). Schick was involved in the discovery and initial study of the Siloam Inscription describing how the Siloam Tunnel was finished, probably in

252-578: The Red Line of the Tel Aviv Light Rail System is located just south of the historic Jaffa train station. The Red line reuses part of the original 1891 railway alignment next to the Neve Zedek neighborhood, which also includes a rail track park  [ he ] . [REDACTED] Media related to Jaffa train station at Wikimedia Commons Conrad Schick Conrad Schick (1822–1901)

280-622: The 1873 Vienna World Fair. Schick built a replica of the Temple Mount and Dome of the Rock for the Ottoman Sultan. His final model, in four sections, each representing the Temple Mount as it appeared in a particular era, was exhibited at the St. Louis World's Fair of 1904. Two models of the Temple Mount created by Schick are located in the basement of the Paulus-Haus museum on Nablus Road , just outside

308-471: The British High Commissioner, on October 5. In April 1920 the civilian Palestine Railways took over the line and Britain compensated its original French operators with £ 565,000, down from the original demand of £1.5 million made by the French. Immediately following the declaration of independence by the state of Israel , services were moved to Tel Aviv South railway station 2.5 km to

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336-659: The Prophets , is still standing. The name of the house is based on a verse from Psalms (89:12): "The north and the south, Thou has created them; Tabor and Hermon shall rejoice in Thy name." The façade is decorated with carvings of palm leaves and the Greek letters Alpha and Omega, symbolizing the beginning and the end. The house was bought in 1951 by Swedish Protestants and now houses the Swedish Theological Institute for religious instruction and Land of Israel studies. Schick

364-584: The construction of the Railway to Beersheba . When the British advanced northwards in November 1917, the railway was sabotaged by the retreating Turkish army and most (five) of its bridges were blown up. The Turks carried away anything that was movable, from railway cars and wooden rails to parts of the stations. The station proved still valuable to the British, as it provided the only viable link from Jerusalem to Egypt, as

392-554: The days of King Hezekiah of Judah . In 1874 Schick was the first scholar to publish a description of the Garden Tomb , and in 1901 he rejected General Charles Gordon 's theory of it being the tomb of Jesus . Schick constructed a notable series of models of the Muslim buildings of the Haram al-Sharif on the Temple Mount , and some somewhat outdated replicas of the Jewish Temple based on

420-638: The east and the station was closed. (Services were then moved once again in 1970 2 km further out towards the city's outskirts, which itself became disused when a completely new railway alignment in Tel Aviv started operating in the mid-1990s.) In 2004, after many years of neglect, the Tel Aviv–Yafo Municipality initiated a restoration project. In 2009 the restoration was completed and the station converted to an entertainment and leisure venue named "HaTachana" ("The Station"). The Elifelet station of

448-434: The front line at the time. The narrow-gauge railway continued to be used until 1922–23 mainly for transporting construction materials, without locomotives. Another 600 mm gauge railway extension was built from Jaffa railway station to Port of Jaffa , which operated until 1928. This extension followed Bustrus St and Howard St (now Kaufmann St and Raziel St) towards Jaffa Clock Tower , then turned west on Ruslan St towards

476-516: The harbor to the railway. The first test run was made on the railway in October 1890, an event that was attended by some 10,000 onlookers—more than half of the population of Jaffa. The locomotive was a Baldwin 2-6-0 , one of the first three built for the line, and carried the American and French flags. The section between Jaffa and Ramla railway station was fully opened to the public on May 24, 1891, and

504-620: The information available in his time. Two wooden models of the Temple Mount he built were exhibited in the Turkish pavilion at the Vienna World Exposition of 1873 . Haim Goren of Tel-Hai Academic College says that one of the models, measuring 4 by 3 meters, did not find a buyer after the end of the World Fair. It was housed at the Chrischona mission near Basel, Switzerland for 138 years. It

532-503: The roads were in disrepair. Trestle bridges were installed instead of the destroyed iron ones and a 600 mm ( 1 ft  11 + 5 ⁄ 8  in ) gauge railway was built from Jaffa to Lydda, with an extension from Mikveh Israel Street, where Tel Aviv South railway station would be built shortly thereafter, along Petah Tikva Road (now Begin Road ) towards the Yarkon River ,

560-561: The seafront, and continued south along the docks. In 1918, the Palestine Military Railways of the victorious British forces rebuilt the line to the wider 1,435 mm ( 4 ft  8 + 1 ⁄ 2  in ) standard gauge , an operation that lasted between January 27 and June 15. The final section, between Jaffa and Lydda, was completed in September 1920, and inaugurated in a ceremony attended by Sir Herbert Samuel ,

588-488: The time) from the city centers. Despite this, the land that the stations were built on was purchased at very high prices by the railway company. The station in Jaffa was built in immediate vicinity of the German Templer colony , and even named Sarona Station on a British map from the late 1910s, to distinguish from a Jaffa Station at the seafront, the terminus of a short narrow-gauge extension. In 1892, construction of

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616-400: The whole line from Jaffa to Jerusalem was completed. The length of the journey was approximately 3.5–4 hours, about equal to the same trip on a carriage, and contrary to the original plan, which envisioned a 2-hour trip. Even so, Yosef Navon was granted several high-profile awards for his efforts, and the opening event received extensive media coverage worldwide. During World War I, the railway

644-654: Was a German architect, archaeologist and Protestant missionary who settled in Jerusalem in the mid-nineteenth century. For many decades, he was head of the "House of Industry" at the Christ Church , which was the institute for vocational training of the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews . In 1869 he was appointed as a Hofbaumeister by Charles I of Württemberg for his work in Jerusalem. Conrad Schick

672-753: Was born in Bitz , Kingdom of Württemberg , Germany . At the age of 24, after completing his studies in Basel , he settled in Palestine in October 1846. The St. Chrischona Pilgrim Mission at Bettingen sent him out as missionary. When Schick died in Jerusalem in 1901, he was mourned by Jews, Muslims and Christians alike. He was buried in the Protestant cemetery on Mount Zion . The house that Schick built for his family, Tabor House , or Beit Tavor in Hebrew, on Jerusalem's Street of

700-584: Was chosen to be of 1,000 mm ( 3 ft  3 + 3 ⁄ 8  in ) metre gauge , similar to French minor railways, and was brought in from France and the Belgian manufacturer Angleur. A short 600 mm ( 1 ft  11 + 5 ⁄ 8  in ) gauge section, as well as a meter gauge section with a pier, was laid between the Port of Jaffa and the Jaffa Station to easily transport materials from

728-582: Was chosen to design Mea Shearim , one of the first neighbourhoods in Jerusalem built outside the walls of the Old City . In 1887, Schick designed the Unity of the Brethren lepers' hospital Jesus Hilfe , since 1885 led by his son-in-law Dr. Adalbert Einsler (1848–1919), a landmark building (later the Hansen Government Hospital for Lepers, now an art and culture center) that can still be seen today near

756-516: Was recently purchased by Christ Church in the Old City of Jerusalem. King Charles I of Württemberg bought the other and subsequently raised Schick to the rank of Royal Württembergian Hofbaurat (Privy Construction Councillor) for his excellent work. His replica of the biblical Tabernacle was visited in Jerusalem by several crowned heads of state, toured the United Kingdom, and was exhibited at

784-555: Was taken over by the Turkish and German armies, which adapted it to serve their needs. While the Jaffa railway station served as a military headquarters during the war, the Ottomans did not want to expose the railway itself to British naval bombardment. In early 1915, most of the heavy machinery and equipment was moved to Jerusalem, and later in the same year the Jaffa–Lydda section was completely dismantled. Its rails and sleepers were used in

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