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25-413: Itaparica was home to a large Tupinambá population. Amerigo Vespucci arrived at the island on November 1, 1501. The initial Portuguese settlement was a Jesuit outpost called Baiacu, founded in 1560, later renamed Villa do Senhor da Vera Cruz. Sugarcane and wheat were initially cultivated on the island; cattle were later introduced. The first work of hydraulic engineering in the new colony was on Itaparica:

50-422: A (11.6 kilometres (7.2 mi) bridge between Salvador and Itaparica. One of its most famous citizens was Brazilian writer João Ubaldo Ribeiro . Tupinamb%C3%A1 people The Tupinambá ( plural: Tupinambás) are one of the various Tupi ethnic groups that inhabit present-day Brazil, and who had been living there long before the conquest of the region by Portuguese colonial settlers. The name Tupinambá

75-644: A Voyage to the Land of Brazil ) (1578), and Hans Staden 's Warhaftige Historia und beschreibung eyner Landtschafft der Wilden Nacketen (English: True History: An Account of Cannibal Captivity in Brazil , lit. ... of a Landscape of the Wild Naked People ), in which he describes the Tupinamba practicing cannibalism . Thevet and Léry were an inspiration for Montaigne 's famous essay Of Cannibals , and influenced

100-491: A court case with another scholar who claimed to have been responsible for the actual writing. An edition of Les singularitez de la France Antarctique was printed in Antwerp by Plantin in 1558, and an English edition, The New Found World, or Antarctike , was printed in 1568. Thevet's use of such a variety of sources not otherwise printed, despite the considerable errors and contradictions, means that his work remains valuable for

125-507: A crucial building material of the period; and a whaling industry, which continued to the mid-19th century. The first steam engine in Brazil was set up on the island on the Ingá-Açu plantation. Itaparica was the scene of an important battle during the struggles of Independence of Bahia between 1821 and 1823. Many sobrados , colonial-period houses, were constructed on the island to house Pedro I of Brazil and later Pedro II of Brazil . Itaparica

150-631: A dam to supply drinking water to the village. The island became productive within a short period of time and was attacked by British Corsairs as early as 1597. It was occupied by the Dutch between 1600 and 1647 during the Dutch Occupation of Brazil . The Dutch constructed the Forte de São Lourenço in this period. The island later became a rich source of income for the Portuguese; it hosted a naval shipyard; lime mills,

175-594: Is known for hosting the Sul America Open tennis competition (1986-1990). It is the former home of the tennis tournament, the ATP Itaparica . Itaparica can be reached in about one hour by ferry from Salvador. The smaller passenger-ferry departs from near the Mercado Modelo , while the larger car-ferry goes from about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north to Bom Despacho . The state of Bahia is considering constructing

200-966: The São Francisco River (in the Recôncavo Baiano , Bahia), and from the Cabo de São Tomé (in Rio de Janeiro ) to the town of São Sebastião (in São Paulo ). Their language survives today in the form of Nheengatu . In the 21st century, the Tupinambá people live in Pará , and the southern region of Bahia, around Olivença , Alagoas. The Tupinambás of Olivença's fight for land recognition started in 2005, and reclaimed about 90 farms. The following year, they opened brand-new indigenous schools, with their own curriculum, language, and teaching methods, in 2006. Hundreds of years before

225-621: The chaplain of the fleet of Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon , which intended to establish a French colony near what is now Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Thevet arrived there on 10 November 1555 but only stayed in the colony for about 10 weeks before returning to France. He was made an almoner to Catherine de Médici and later was employed by the king. Thevet claimed in his Histoire de deux voyages , inaccurately, to have accompanied Guillaume Le Testu to America in 1550. Thevet died in Paris on 23 November 1590. Soon after Thevet's return to France from

250-643: The Federal government, created a technical group to define the 47,376 acres of territory occupied by the Tupinambá of Olivença as an indigenous land ( Terra Indígena , in Portuguese). FUNAI approved the report in 2009, which arrived at the Federal Ministry of Justice in 2012. The Tupinambá of Olivença living in Serra do Padeiro reclaimed about 90 farms between 2004 and 2016 as indigenous lands. A governmental proposal puts

275-571: The Portuguese in enslaving other native populations, but the Portuguese eventually started to go after the Tupinambá as well. It was in part due to this lack of alliances that the Portuguese were able to conquer the group. The Tupinambás were abundantly described in André Thevet 's 1572 Cosmographie universelle (English: The New Found World, or Antarctike ), in Jean de Léry 's Histoire d'un voyage faict en la terre du Brésil (English: History of

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300-584: The Tupinambá of Olivença and other indigenous reclaimed lands at risk. In May 2023, the Brazilian House of Representatives approved the Marco Temporal project, which limits the demarcation of indigenous lands. It states that indigenous peoples only have claim to the land they occupied during the 1988 Constitution promulgation, meaning they can be removed from where they reside now if they cannot prove they permanently lived there in 1988. Farmers advocate for

325-510: The Tupinambá were able to exert their constitutional right to differentiated indigenous education. As written in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution , indigenous peoples can use their mother tongue and own teaching methods in schools. The first indigenous-teaching school in Tupinambá indigenous land, the Escola Estadual Indígina Tupinambá de Olivença (EEITO), was created in 2002 and opened in 2006. The second school implemented

350-520: The arrival of the Portuguese, the Tupinambá are said to have migrated from the South coast of Brazil to the Northern coast for the sake of better hunting and agricultural opportunities. From here they settled into communities that would sustain a population of about 100 people. The size and strength of the communities made them infamous in combat, but left them with very few alliances. The Tupinambá originally helped

375-532: The city of Ilhéus and extends from the sea coast of the village of Olivença to the Serra das Trempes and Serra do Padeiro. The other group lives in the low Tapajós in the Brazilian state of Pará. The Brazilian government officially recognized the Tupinambá as indigenous people in 2002. In 2005, the National Indigenous People Foundation ( FUNAI ), which implements indigenous rights into

400-531: The creation of the myth of the " noble savage " during the Enlightenment . The Tupinambá may have given their name to the common French word for the Jerusalem Artichoke , the topinambour . The Tupinambá were a group reliant upon agriculture for most of their resources, using the slash-and-burn technique in their practice. Both women and men were known to work in the fields, with the women often being

425-460: The ethnography of both eastern Canada and Brazil. Les singularitez de la France Antarctique contains the first descriptions in European texts of plants such as the manioc , pineapple , peanut and tobacco , as well as of the animals macaw , sloth and tapir . The text also includes an account of cannibalism that was one of the influences on Montaigne 's essay on cannibalism. Once Thevet

450-532: The near East in 1554, he published an account of his voyage under the title Cosmographie du Levant . On his return from the Americas, Thevet published a book titled Les singularitez de la France Antarctique in 1557. Although purportedly based on his own firsthand experiences, Thevet also used previous published sources as well as verbal accounts from other explorers and sailors and from indigenous Canadians who had been brought back to France. Thevet later settled

475-470: The ones to till the soil before men would carry out their duties. However, the Tupinambá weren't limited to farming. They were known to hunt, fish, and gather resources as well, though not to the extent of their agricultural labors. There are two remaining regions inhabited by the Tupinambá. The Tupinambá of Olivença live in the Atlantic Forest region of southern Bahia. Its area is 10 kilometers north of

500-404: The project, since it defends private property. The project also threatens indigenous communities and their land. The Brazilian Supreme Federal Court declared the project to be unconstitutional on September 21, 2023. The declaration was overruled by the senate a week later. President Lula can still sanction or ban the project as of October 2023. With the land demarcation movement in progress,

525-546: Was a French Franciscan priest , explorer , cosmographer and writer who travelled to the Near East and to South America in the 16th century. His most significant book was The New Found World, or Antarctike , which compiled a number of different sources and his own experience into what purported to be a firsthand account of his experiences in France Antarctique , a French settlement near modern Rio de Janeiro . Thevet

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550-574: Was also applied to other Tupi-speaking groups, such as the Tupiniquim , Potiguara , Tupinambá, Temiminó, Caeté , Tabajara , Tamoio, and Tupinaé, among others. Before and during their first contact with the Portuguese , the Tupinambás had been living along the entire Eastern Atlantic coast of Brazil . In a sense, the name can be applied exclusively to the Tupinambás who once-inhabited the right shore of

575-576: Was born in Angoulême in southwestern France. At ten years of age, he entered the convent of Franciscans of Angoulême. He visited Italy at the same time as Guillaume Rondelet . In 1549, thanks to the support of John, Cardinal of Lorraine , he embarked on an extended exploration trip to Asia, Greece, Rhodes, Palestine and Egypt . He accompanied the French ambassador Gabriel de Luetz to Istanbul . Almost immediately after this expedition, he set sail again as

600-436: Was established as cosmographer to the French court, he compiled his Cosmographie Universelle , intended to describe every part of the known world. A dispute arose with a collaborator, François de Belleforest, who left Thevet's employ to publish his own Cosmographie in 1572 before Thevet's work finally appeared in 1575. In 1584, Thevet published a collection of biographies, Vrais pourtraits et vies des homes illustres , which

625-640: Was the Escola Estadual Indígena Tupinambá Serra do Padeiro (EEITSP), called Colégio Estadual Indígena Tupinambá Serra do Padeiro (CEITSP) since 2015, which was first an annex to EEITO and opened in Serra do Padeiro. Both indigenous and non-indigenous people attend the school. It promotes social interactions between indigenous and non-indigenous, in an effort to maintain Tupinambá identity and fight intolerance. Andr%C3%A9 Thevet André Thevet ( / t ə ˈ v eɪ / ; French: [təvɛ] ; 1516 – 23 November 1590)

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