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28-455: The first production GL models appeared in 1965 and were powered by American Chevrolet small-block 327 (5.4-litre) V8 engines fitted to American supplied Borg-Warner 4-speed manual transmissions. The 5.4-litre engine was rated at 300 hp (220 kW) in its standard form and allowed the car to attain a speed of 110 km/h (68 mph) in first gear. In 1970, the Grifo Series II

56-535: A Borg-Warner 4-speed manual transmission. The engines were completely ordered and manufactured in the United States ; they were shipped to Italy, where they were taken apart before they were eventually installed in the cars. This was similar to the manufacturing process of the IR 300. With a weight of less than 2,200 lb (1,000 kg), the car was able to attain a top speed of over 275 km/h (171 mph). In 1964,

84-777: A car overturns. As a result, manufacturers adopted Targa tops or T-tops . As Porsche helped to popularise this body style, they took out a trademark for the Targa name and manufacturers sought for alternative names for their removable tops. Porsche got the name "Targa" from the Targa Florio , the road race in Sicily where Porsche was very successful. Targa means "plate" (or placard) in Italian. Targa and T-top numbers have slowly declined as manufacturers discontinued them in favour of full convertibles with retractable hardtops and folding metal roofs such as

112-563: A number of causes, perhaps the largest being the 1973 oil crisis , which significantly reduced demand for cars with large displacement engines. Iso S.p.A. was already well known for producing the high-performance Rivolta IR 300 ; a sleek looking 2+2 Coupe based on Chevrolet Corvette mechanicals. After leaving Ferrari , in 1961 Giotto Bizzarrini set up “Prototipi Bizzarrini” in Livorno , Tuscany where he designed and consulted for marques such as ATS, Lamborghini , and Iso. In 1963, he designed

140-475: A similar system, defined by Triumph as a surrey top. The 1964 SAAB Catherina prototype and the 1965 Toyota Sports 800 both used similar systems before the 1967 Porsche 911 Targa. The targa style roof opening became popular in the 1960s and 1970s, when there were fears that the Department of Transportation (DOT) in the United States would ban convertibles, due to concerns over the safety of occupants when

168-599: A small company in Clusone , Italy, specializing in maintaining and restoring Grifos. Chevrolet small-block engine#327 The Chevrolet small-block engine refers to one of the several gasoline-powered vehicle engines manufactured by General Motors . These include: The first or second generation of non-LS Chevrolet small-block engines The third, fourth, or fifth generation of LS-based GM engines The Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine [REDACTED] An early model of

196-523: A styling change was made to the nose section of the car for the Grifo Series II. It was given a sleeker look and hide-away headlights. In the IR-9 "Can Am" version, the engine was switched from the 427 engines to the newer, even more powerful Chevrolet 454 7.4 litre engine. In 1972, the Grifo IR-8 was introduced, using a small-block Ford Boss 351 engines. These models can be recognized by their taller hood scoop. This

224-425: Is a physically separate piece that itself is mechanized to lift off of its vertical supports in order to allow the solid roof panel and its motorized components to slide rearwards as the panel is being stored within the car. Ferrari introduced a hybrid variation of the targa roof and folding metal roof with the 180 degree rotating roof featured on the 2005 Ferrari Superamerica designed by Leonardo Fioravanti , which

252-447: Is a removable plastic foldable window, making it a convertible-type vehicle. Any piece of normally fixed metal or trim which rises up from one side, over the roof and down the other side is sometimes called a targa band, targa bar, or wrapover band. Targa tops are different from T-tops , which have a solid, non-removable bar running between the top of the windscreen and the rear roll-bar, and generally have two separate roof panels above

280-410: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Targa top Targa top , or targa for short, is a semi- convertible car body style with a removable roof section and a full-width roll bar behind the seats. The term was first used on the 1966 Porsche 911 Targa, and it remains a registered trademark of Porsche AG . The rear window is normally fixed, but on some targa models, it

308-574: The 250 GTO when he had worked for Ferrari. In the Corsa, he moved the engine back about 40 mm (1.6 in), making the A3/C a front, mid-engine car. To adjust the timing, mechanics had to remove a piece of the dashboard. Both the racing and road legal versions of the car were being built simultaneously. When leaving the factory, the Iso Grifo was originally fitted with Pirelli Cinturato 205VR15 tyres (CN72). At

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336-530: The Mercedes-Benz SLK , and by better structural engineering with pop-up roll-over bars behind the seats and front roll-over bars incorporated into the front windscreen . The year 1996 saw the debut of a retractable glass roof in the Porsche 993 Targa , a design continued on the 996 and 997 Targa . The glass roof retracted underneath the rear window revealing a large opening. A shade was there to help prevent

364-569: The Turin Motor Show that same year, Bertone showed the Grifo A3/L prototype while Iso unveiled the unpainted competition version: the Iso Grifo A3/C. Both became successful in their own right, the road car receiving praise from the press, while the race car performed very well although it had been made on a much tighter budget compared to Ferrari . Rivolta also showed a prototype A3/L Spyder at

392-400: The greenhouse effect of the closed roof. This system was a complete redesign, as previous Targa models had a removable roof section and a wide B-pillar functioning as a roll bar. The new glass roof design allowed the 993 Targa to retain nearly the same side-on profile as the other 911 Carrera variants and eliminated the inconvenience of storing the removed top of the old system. The Targa had

420-2715: The Chevrolet small-block engine v t e «  previous — GM engine timeline, 1980–present Type 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 Gasoline Flat 4 EJ Inline 3 G S-TEC Family 0 SGE E-Turbo 4 Opel OHV engine GM Ecotec Iron Duke Family 0 Opel CIH Saab H AZ G Quad 4 ZZ ZR Vauxhall Slant-4 A S-TEC Holden Starfire Saturn Atlas MGE Family II SGE Family 1 122 GM L3B X G J 5 Atlas 6 Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift Red Blue Black RB30 Atlas Opel CIH E-TEC V Buick/3800 Chevrolet 90° GM 60° Gen V 90° Shortstar High Value Opel 54° High Feature H J 8 Buick Cadillac OHV Northstar Blackwing High Technology Big Block Small Block Gemini LS/LT Holden Oldsmobile Pontiac Diesel Detroit Oldsmobile Duramax 6 Oldsmobile DMAX Inline M51 Duramax Detroit 60 6H 4 JTD RA Family Z E Circle L Family II Family B A MDE Type 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s Legend       Italicized engines manufactured by        Subaru        Toyota        Isuzu        Suzuki        Nissan        Honda        BMW        VM Motori [REDACTED] Index of articles associated with

448-507: The Geneva Motor Show. Iso concentrated on getting the A3/L ready for production, focusing on some of the design changes that had to be made to the prototype. The car got a light face-lift that made it less aggressive in appearance. It was given a modified but reliable 5.4 litre Chevrolet small-block 327 V8 engine —having variable power outputs of 300–350 horsepower (220–260 kW)—coupled to

476-516: The Grifo GL and the competition Bizzarrini A3/C. The Grifo GL was produced at Bresso, while the A3/C was produced at Piero Drogo’s Sports Cars of Modena , under Bizzarrini's strict supervision. Bizzarrini refined his A3/C, eventually developing his line of models. Only 22 examples of the Grifo A3/C were made before Rivolta and Bizzarrini split. In October 1966, the first Grifo (car #97) with a targa top

504-557: The Iso Grifo A3/L ("L" for Lusso , Italian for "luxury") for Renzo Rivolta , who was looking for a follow-up to his IR 300. The body was designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro at Bertone , while Bizzarrini put his expertise in the mechanicals. Bizzarrini figured there would also be a demand for a race version of the Grifo and developed the A3/C (C for Corsa) with a dramatic, modified alloy body. He later dubbed it his “Improved GTO", as he designed

532-504: The body of the Cabriolet with the Targa glass roof replacing the fabric roof. The 911 Targa continued with the all-new 996-model and gained a lifting hatchback glass window. This, in turn, was used on the later 997 model of 911. With the introduction and production of the latest two generations of 911, the Type 991 and 992 , Porsche decided to take the Targa in a different direction from that of

560-422: The car in order to fit, i.e. strengthened chassis components as well as an enlarged engine compartment with reinforced mounts. A large hood scoop (dubbed "Penthouse" due to its size) was added to clear for the engine's deck height. It produced an officially advertised minimum of 435 hp (324 kW) at 5,800 rpm. The factory claimed the 7 Litri could attain a top speed of 300 km/h (186 mph). In 1970,

588-424: The previous water-cooled Type 996/997 cars. The latest Targas were introduced in 2013 and 2019, and unlike the Type 993/996/997 Targas, the newer cars have somewhat returned to their earliest Targa roots by utilizing a solid roof panel spanning over the front seats. However unlike the manual lift-out panels of earlier 911s, the Type 991 and 992 Targa's roof panels are mechanized for automated lift-away and storage under

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616-554: The prototype A3/C raced at Le Mans (driven by Edgar Berney and Pierre Noblet), running well until brake problems required a two-hour pit stop . The car resumed the race, finally finishing 14th. In 1965, the car performed better, finishing 9th at Le Mans. The production of the Iso Grifo GL started in 1965, but the Bizzarrini and Rivolta partnership quickly fell apart over the use of the name Grifo. This resulted in separate production of

644-414: The rear glass roof, which itself is mechanized to lift up and out of the way as the roof panel is placed into its stowed position. The Type 991 Targa also brought back the styling feature of the 'Targa bar' that was perhaps the most obvious and overt design cue of the air-cooled generation Targas. But unlike the previous Targa hoops, the one used on the Type 991 is in sections, where the horizontal span member

672-485: The same name This set index article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chevrolet_small-block_engine&oldid=1210464542 " Category : Set index articles Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

700-403: The seats that fit between the window and central t-bar. The word targa first came into use from the 1965 Porsche 911 Targa, though it was not the first to use the removable roof panel system. The system first appeared in 1957 on the limited-production Fiat 1200 "Wonderful" by Vignale , designed by Giovanni Michelotti . The later Triumph TR4 from 1961, another Michelotti design, also featured

728-404: Was introduced, with sleeker styling and hide-away headlights and powered by big-block Chevrolet 454 V8 (7.4-litre) engines. It was replaced in 1972 with the Grifo IR-8, which used a small-block Ford Boss 351 engine (5.8-litre) as its power-train. This was the last new Iso of any type, as the manufacturer went bankrupt; it shut down and ceased all operations permanently in 1974. The bankruptcy had

756-496: Was shown at the Turin Motor Show. Designed by Bertone and featuring the stunning removable roof, the reliable 300 hp Chevy 327 V8, and the coveted ZF 5 speed transmission. Only fourteen Series I Targas and four series II Targas were built. In 1968 the Grifo 7 Litri was introduced, featuring a Chevrolet L71 big-block engine, a Tri-Power version of the 427 engine . The massive power plant required several mechanical changes to

784-522: Was the final Iso automobile made, as Iso S.P.A. closed its doors in 1974 during the 1970s oil crisis. In total, 330 Series I and 83 Series II cars were built for a total of 413 cars, 90 of which were 7-litre versions. The rarest are the Series II 5-speeds (23 built) and the Series II Targa (4 built). Due to their rarity today, Grifos are desirable collectibles. A former employee of Iso, Roberto Negri, runs

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