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24-496: The award is given for "notable intellectual or practical contributions to improved public policy and social welfare" and named in honor of Irving Kristol . It replaced the Francis Boyer Award in 2003. The award was named for Kristol as a tribute to his influence on public issues and as an intellectual mentor to several generations of conservatives. According to Christopher DeMuth , "In our sixty years of labors, no one has had

48-481: A more profound influence on the work of the American Enterprise Institute, or on American political discourse, than Irving Kristol. Combining philosophical depth with intense practicality and constant good cheer, [Kristol] has, as President Bush has put it, 'transformed political debate on every subject he approached, from economics to religion, from social welfare to foreign policy.'" The Kristol Award

72-523: A new form of conservatism. Intended by Harrington as a pejorative term, it was accepted by Kristol as an apt description of the ideas and policies exemplified by The Public Interest . Unlike liberals, for example, neo-conservatives rejected most of the Great Society programs sponsored by Lyndon B. Johnson and, unlike traditional conservatives, they supported the more limited welfare state instituted by Franklin D. Roosevelt . In February 1979, Kristol

96-778: Is presented at AEI's Annual Dinner, a gala dinner in Washington, D.C. , that is well-attended by conservative leaders and is a major event on the Washington social scene. President George W. Bush spoke at the first Kristol Award presentation in 2003. Bush's speech, only days before the commencement of the Iraq War , laid out his promise to launch military action even if the United Nations Security Council did not authorize it. Former vice president Dick Cheney and former Spanish prime minister Jose Maria Aznar have also presented

120-429: Is worthy of two cheers. One cheer because "it works, in a quite simple, material sense" by improving the conditions of people; and a second cheer because it is "congenial to a large measure of personal liberty". He argues these are no small achievements and only capitalism has proved capable of providing them. However, it also imposes a great "psychic burden" upon the individual and the social order. Because it does not meet

144-625: The 12th Armored Division as a combat infantryman. Kristol was affiliated with the Congress for Cultural Freedom . He wrote in Commentary magazine from 1947 to 1952 under the editor Elliot E. Cohen (not to be confused with Eliot A. Cohen , a current Commentary contributor). With Stephen Spender , he was co-founder of and contributor to the British-based Encounter from 1953 to 1958; editor of The Reporter from 1959 to 1960. He also

168-690: The City College of New York in 1940, where he majored in history. In college he was a member of the Young People's Socialist League and was part of a small but vocal group of Trotskyist anti-Soviets who later became known as the New York Intellectuals . It was at these meetings that Kristol met historian Gertrude Himmelfarb , whom he married in 1942. They had two children, Elizabeth Nelson and Bill Kristol . During World War II , he served in Europe in

192-597: The Madison Center for Educational Affairs in 1990. Kristol died from complications of lung cancer , aged 89, on September 18, 2009, at the Capital Hospice in Falls Church, Virginia . Defunct Newspapers Journals TV channels Websites Other Economics Gun rights Identity politics Nativist Religion Watchdog groups Youth/student groups Miscellaneous Other During

216-722: The American past And teach us that her future is a story we are telling" "To Bernard Lewis Who has stood at the Bosporus for seventy years Historian and interpreter across the great divide Sage of our pasts, presage of our future." "To John Winston Howard Stalwart all-rounder of politics and policy Who made good government a popular cause And advanced Australia fair and free" "To Charles Murray Exemplary social scientist Whose measurements are means to moral understanding Engaged Aristotelian Who teaches of human heritage and pursuit" " The Surge of Ideas: COINdinistas and Change in

240-649: The Congress for Cultural Freedom, which was widely reported elsewhere, Kristol left in the late 1960s and became affiliated with the American Enterprise Institute . Kristol was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a fellow emeritus at the American Enterprise Institute (having been an associate fellow from 1972, a senior fellow from 1977 and

264-695: The John M. Olin Distinguished Fellow from 1988 to 1999). As a member of the board of contributors of The Wall Street Journal , he contributed a monthly column from 1972 to 1997. He served on the Council of the National Endowment for the Humanities from 1972 to 1977. In 1978, Kristol and William E. Simon founded The Institute For Education Affairs, which as a result of a merger with the Madison Center became

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288-470: The U.S. Army in 2006 Archived 2011-03-17 at the Wayback Machine " "America's Challenge" Irving Kristol Irving William Kristol ( / ˈ k r ɪ s t əl / ; January 22, 1920 – September 18, 2009) was an American journalist and writer. As a founder, editor, and contributor to various magazines, he played an influential role in the intellectual and political culture of the latter half of

312-528: The USA "should play a far more dominant role in world affairs" in form of "command[s] and giving orders as to what is to be done". Kristol was pessimistic about the prospects of the Vietnam War , believing that South Vietnam was "barely capable of decent self-government under the best of conditions. It lacks the political traditions, the educated classes, the civic spirit that makes self-government workable." Due to this

336-612: The award. Kristol Award recipients occasionally make news with their speeches. John Howard , who had a few months before been defeated in the Australian elections , criticized his successor as prime minister, Kevin Rudd , over industrial relations and the Iraq War . All recipients are given a token of esteem engraved with a citation for their achievements. "To Allan H. Meltzer Pioneer of political economy and policy reform Teacher to students, scholars, and statesmen Intellectual leader in

360-504: The causes of liberty and progress" "To Charles Krauthammer Fearless journalist, wise analyst, and militant democrat Who has shown that America's interests and ideals are indivisible And that the promotion of freedom is hard-headed realism" "To Mario Vargas Llosa Whose narrative art and political thought Illumine the universal quest for freedom-- Which the virtues love and the follies require." "To David Hackett Fischer Student, teacher, and storyteller Whose histories revivify

384-543: The core of neo-conservative philosophy to this day. While propounding the virtues of supply-side economics as the basis for the economic growth that is "a sine qua non for the survival of a modern democracy", he also insists that any economic philosophy has to be enlarged by "political philosophy, moral philosophy, and even religious thought", which were as much the sine qua non for a modern democracy. One of his early books, Two Cheers for Capitalism , asserts that capitalism , or more precisely, bourgeois capitalism,

408-448: The individual's "'existential' human needs", it creates a "spiritual malaise" that threatens the legitimacy of that social order. As much as anything else, it is the withholding of that potential third cheer that is the distinctive mark of neo-conservatism as Kristol understood it. Regarding foreign policy Kristol said "What's the point in being the greatest, most powerful nation in the world and not having an imperial role?", adding that

432-596: The late 1960s up until the 1970s, neoconservatives were worried about the Cold War and that its liberalism was turning into radicalism , thus many neoconservatives including Irving Kristol, Norman Podhoretz and Daniel Patrick Moynihan wanted Democrats to continue on a strong anti-communist foreign policy. This foreign policy was to use Soviet human rights violations to attack the Soviet Union. This later led to Nixon's policies called détente. Kristol did not believe that

456-2975: The most America could hope for would be to "remove this little, backward nation from the front line of the Cold War so that it can stew quietly in its own political juice". In July 2002, he received from President George W. Bush the Presidential Medal of Freedom , the nation's highest civilian honor. Authored Edited Contributed Political writer (Redirected from Political writer ) The following people are authors of writings on political subjects: Gheorghe Alexandrescu (1912–2005) Andrej Amalrik (1938–1980) Jeffrey Howard Archer, Baron Archer of Weston-super-Mare (born 15 April 1940) Aristotle (384 BC–322 BC) Emily Rose Bleby (1849–1917) David Bollier (living) Harry Browne (1933–2006) William F. Buckley Jr. (1925–2008) Noam Chomsky (born 1928) Ann Coulter (born 1961) Andy Croft (born 1956) Elizabeth Drew (born 1935) Dinesh D'Souza (born 1960) Thomas R. Dye (born 1935) Koenraad Elst (born 1959) Filip Erceg (born 1979) David D. Friedman (born 1945) David Gauthier (born 1932) Sita Ram Goel (1921–2003) Jürgen Habermas (born 1929) Chaudhry Afzal Haq (1891–1942) Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744–1803) Adolf Hitler (1889–1945) Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679 ) Aldous Huxley (1894–1963) Jane Jacobs (1916–2006) Alireza Jafarzadeh Michael Johns (born 1964) Agha Shorish Kashmiri (1917–1975) Frances Moore Lappé (born 1944) Lawrence Lessig (born 1961) John Locke (1632–1704) Józef Mackiewicz (1902–1985) Karl Marx (1818–1883) Richard Maybury (born 1946) David McCullough (1933–2022) John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) Janbaz Mirza Ludwig von Mises (1881–1973) Jan Narveson (born 1936) George Orwell (1903–1950) Greg Palast (born 1952) Plato ( c. 427 BC – c. 347 BC) Carleton Putnam (1901–1998) Roberto Quaglia (born 1962) John Rawls (1921–2002) Jeremy Rifkin (born 1946) Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980) Henriette Sauret (1890–1976) Roger Scruton (1944–2020) Amartya Sen (born 1933) Vandana Shiva (born 1952) Arun Shourie (born 1941) Charles E. Silberman (1925–2011) Guy Smith (born 1957) Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) Lysander Spooner (1808–1887) Ram Swarup (1920–1998) Hunter S. Thompson (1937–2005) Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862) Berhanu Zerihun (1933/4–1987) Slavoj Žižek (born 1949) See also [ edit ] Lists of writers [REDACTED] This literature-related list

480-466: The same civil liberties should be granted to communists because it would be like paying "a handsome salary to someone pledged to his liquidation". In 1973, Michael Harrington coined the term, "neo-conservatism", to describe those liberal intellectuals and political philosophers who were disaffected with the political and cultural attitudes dominating the Democratic Party and were moving toward

504-533: The title "Confessions of a True, Self-Confessed – Perhaps the Only – 'Neo-conservative'". Neo-conservatism, Kristol maintained, is not an ideology but a "persuasion", a way of thinking about politics rather than a compendium of principles and axioms. It is classical, rather than romantic, in temperament and practical and anti-utopian in policy. One of Kristol's most well-known quips defines a neo-conservative as "a liberal who has been mugged by reality". These concepts lie at

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528-642: The twentieth century. He was dubbed the "godfather of neoconservatism ". After his death, he was described by The Daily Telegraph as being "perhaps the most consequential public intellectual of the latter half of the century". He is the father of political writer Bill Kristol . Kristol was born in Brooklyn , New York , the son of non-observant Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe , Bessie (Mailman) and Joseph Kristol. He graduated from Boys High School in Brooklyn, New York in 1936 and received his B.A. from

552-518: Was featured on the cover of Esquire . The caption identified him as "the godfather of the most powerful new political force in America – Neo-conservatism". That year also saw the publication of the book, The Neo-conservatives: The Men Who Are Changing America's Politics . Like Harrington, the author, Peter Steinfels , was critical of neo-conservatism, but he was impressed by its growing political and intellectual influence. Kristol's response appeared under

576-551: Was the executive vice-president of the publishing house Basic Books from 1961 to 1969, the Henry Luce Professor of Urban Values at New York University from 1969 to 1987, and co-founder and co-editor (first with Daniel Bell and then Nathan Glazer ) of The Public Interest from 1965 to 2002. He was the founder and publisher of The National Interest from 1985 to 2002. Following Ramparts ' publication of information showing Central Intelligence Agency funding of

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