Misplaced Pages

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80-469: During a violent confrontation, the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) killed protester Dudley George. George was holding a stick when OPP officer Ken Deane shot him. George subsequently died from his injuries. Ken Deane later claimed that George had a firearm. Deane was found guilty of criminal negligence. It was later alleged that the violent confrontation and eventual death of Dudley George came

160-412: A battery of written exams, psychological testing, an interview before a board, a timed physical fitness test and a firearms assessment course of fire. The fitness test consists of the applicant donning a 50 lb (23 kg) vest and travelling an overall distance of 3.2 km (2 miles) over a course corresponding roughly to the perimeter of a basketball court. Six task stations are distributed over

240-577: A day after newly elected Ontario Premier Mike Harris was alleged to have said to the OPP "I want the fucking Indians out of the park", according to a former attorney general. Eight other present witnesses denied this allegation, however the Ipperwash Inquiry concluded that Premier Harris did in fact make the remarks. The ensuing controversy was a major event in Canadian politics. In 2003 a provincial inquiry,

320-562: A deputy commissioner. The commands are further divided into bureaus. The Culture and Strategy Services Command is responsible for corporate communications, strategic development, and the force's internal misconduct investigations unit; the Traffic Safety and Operational Support Command is responsible for highway policing, Indigenous policing, support services like the Tactics and Rescue Unit , and security at provincial government buildings excepting

400-467: A group of protesters who had wandered outside the park and into the Sandy Park lot area adjacent to the cottages. The group were allegedly carrying bats and sticks in their hands. The number of protesters has been debated, although police reports indicate a group of up to eight. There was also misinformation about damage that had been done to a band councillor's car by this group of protesters. The damage to

480-548: A mounted police service was created to keep the peace in areas surrounding the construction of public works. It became the Ontario Mounted Police Force after Canadian Confederation . In 1877, the Constables Act extended jurisdiction and gave designated police members authorization to act throughout the province. The first salaried provincial constable appointed to act as detective for the government of Ontario

560-479: A police cruiser, the OPP pulled back from the park. In anticipation of the move on the park by the Stoney Point First Nations, the OPP had prepared a contingency plan named Project Maple. The plan stressed "a peaceful resolution" and called for a team of two negotiators to be on call around the clock. Progressive Conservative member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) Marcel Beaubien was in contact with

640-657: A problem in northern Ontario . Police constables were gradually introduced in various areas, until an Order in Council decreed the establishment of a permanent organization of salaried constables designated as the Ontario Provincial Police Force on 13 October 1909. It consisted of 45 men under the direction of Superintendent Joseph E. Rogers. The starting salary for constables was $ 400 per annum, increased to $ 900 in 1912. There were many detachments simultaneously founded including Bala, Muskoka, and Niagara Falls. In

720-410: A senior officer in charge of a four-man sharpshooter team with the job of escorting the force's crowd management unit. Deane was near the park entrance and fired three shots at Dudley George, who was about fifteen feet from the park entrance, and was hit and badly injured. George's sister Carolyn and brother Pierre attempted to take him to the local hospital for treatment but were arrested and delayed by

800-470: A unit member shot an unarmed protester. The OPP has subsequently made changes in its response strategy and approach to First Nations groups with the objective of minimizing the use of force. Officers within the OPP wishing to become a member of the Tactics and Rescue Unit must have a minimum of three years' exemplary service. If chosen from their application, they then attend a two-day screening that includes

880-866: A variety of use of force equipment in the performance of their duties. The current sidearm of the OPP is the Glock 17M pistol in 9x19mm. Previously, officers were issued either the Sig Sauer P229 DAO, or the P229 R DAK in .40S&W. Patrol vehicles are also equipped with the Colt Canada C8 patrol rifle in 5.56x45mm NATO, with the option of the Remington 870 in 12 gauge. All uniformed officers carry TASER X2 conducted energy weapons The Tactics and Rescue Unit have more specialized weapons at their disposal including: The Caledonia land dispute began in 2006 when members of

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960-420: Is the provincial police service of Ontario , Canada. The OPP patrols provincial highways and waterways; protects provincial government buildings and officials, with the exception of the legislative precinct ; patrols unincorporated areas in northern Ontario; provides training, operational support, and funding to some Indigenous police forces ; and investigates complex or multi-jurisdictional crimes across

1040-758: The Chevrolet Suburban , Ford F250 Super Duty , and the Cambli International Thunder 1 armoured rescue vehicles used by the Tactics and Rescue Unit , as well as an International-based truck used by the Highway Safety Division and Mobile Support Units. Previously, models of the Ford Crown Victoria and Chevrolet Impala were used. During the 2022-23 fiscal year, the OPP engaged in a proof-of-concept program in East Region which included

1120-520: The Ipperwash Crisis . The park had been expropriated from the Stoney Point Ojibway during World War II. The protest increased in tensions, resulting in the shooting and subsequent death of a protester, Anthony O'Brien "Dudley" George, by Acting Sergeant Ken Deane of the Tactics and Rescue Unit. Deane was subsequently convicted of criminal negligence causing death. In 2003, an inquiry called

1200-613: The Ipperwash Inquiry , into the events at Ipperwash was convened, and concluded in 2007. The OPP now uses a variety of different methods in resolving conflicts at major events, most notably by the use of the Provincial Liaison Teams (PLT), formerly known as the Major Event Liaison Team (MELT) In 1993 an Ontario Divisional Court case, John Doe v. Ontario (Information and Privacy Commissioner) , Judge Matlow of

1280-651: The Ipperwash Inquiry , was started after a change in government. Former Ontario Chief Justice Sidney B. Linden led the investigation of events, which was completed in the fall of 2006. In 1936, the province of Ontario created Ipperwash Provincial Park. In 1942 during the Second World War , the Government of Canada wanted reserve land from the Stoney Point Band to use as a base for military training and offered to buy it for $ 15 per acre. They also promised to return

1360-604: The King's Highways , enforcement of the provincial liquor laws, aiding the local police, and maintaining a criminal investigation branch. In March 1969, a meeting took place at the Ontario Securities Commission to incorporate a separate but included group of the Ontario Provincial Police Association. Women joined the uniformed ranks in 1974. Between 1983-1993, the OPP officer Al Robinson served as

1440-764: The Ontario Legislative Building ; the Field Operations Command is responsible for frontline policing in communities that do not maintain independent police forces; the Investigations and Organized Crime Command is responsible for investigating complex, major, or multi-jurisdictional crimes or organized criminal networks across the province and administering firearms licenses; and the Corporate Services Command administers various business, contract, and career management bureaus. Previously,

1520-600: The Six Nations of the Grand River began an occupation of land that they believed belonged to them, to bring light to their land claims, and to the plight of aboriginal land claims across Canada. The land at the centre of the dispute was owned by a corporation planning to build a subdivision known as the Douglas Creek Estates. The Ontario Provincial Police were called in to keep the peace. Tensions led to violence and over

1600-531: The 1920s, restructuring was undertaken with the passing of the Provincial Police Force Act, 1921 . The title of the commanding officer was changed to "commissioner" and given responsibility for enforcing the provisions of the Ontario Temperance Act and other liquor regulations. Major-General Harry Macintyre Cawthra-Elliot was appointed as the first commissioner. The OPP's first death in

1680-483: The 2022-23 fiscal year, the OPP engaged in a proof-of-concept program in East Region which included the use of body worn cameras (BWC), along with its accompanying mobile applications. Officers serving with specialty tactical units are also issued cargo pants without piping, utility tops, and subdued placards for their external tactical vests. Officers serving with the Tactics and Rescue Unit are issued olive green uniforms. Since 1985, wide, light blue stripes down

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1760-480: The 2023 Annual Report. Officers mainly patrol using all-wheel drive versions of the Ford Taurus Police Interceptor , Ford Explorer Police Utility , Ford F-150 Police Responder , Dodge Charger Pursuit , Dodge Durango Special Service Package , Chevrolet Silverado , Chevrolet Tahoe , and Dodge Ram 2500 Power Wagon for frontline patrol. For specialized roles, a variety of vehicles are used, such as

1840-506: The Beatles were on their way to Montreal. On the online social networking website Habbo Hotel Canada, OPP officers and spokespersons visit the online application to talk to teens on board the web site's "Infobus". During the weekly sessions, users of the Habbo service are able to ask the officers and spokespersons questions, primarily regarding online safety. In the television series Cardinal ,

1920-716: The British SAS and the FBI Hostage Rescue Unit . After the Olympics, the unit was divided into five five-person teams dispersed around the province; these were consolidated into three teams in the 1980s, after the Royal Canadian Mounted Police formed two emergency response teams within the province. The TRU became full-time in 1989 and became responsible for explosives disposal in Southern Ontario in

2000-523: The Discovery Channel aired the reality TV series Heavy Rescue: 401 , following members of the OPP and local heavy tow operators, profiling their efforts during events and routine operations on Highway 401 , a highway that crosses southern Ontario. In the Canadian horror film Pontypool , the OPP is called into the eponymous town to control a zombie outbreak, ultimately resulting in a massacre. The film's lead character, Grant Mazzy, vocally denounces

2080-524: The FIPPA commissioner, but a judicial review of the FIPPA commissioner's order to release the report resulted in publication of the OPP report being banned. The OPPA was established in 1954 to represent sworn and civilian members of the OPP, as well as OPP retirees. In March 2015, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police announced they were investigating fraud allegations against three top executives of

2160-575: The Lincoln M. Alexander Building in Orillia , Ontario. The relocation of general headquarters to Orillia was part of a government move to decentralize ministries and operations to other parts of Ontario. Previously, from 1973 to 1995, the headquarters were located in Toronto at 90 Harbour Street, the site of the former Workmen's Compensation Board building. The force is organized into five commands, each answering to

2240-475: The OPP are uniquely known as "provincial constables". Detective ranks fall laterally with the uniform ranks and are not a promotion above. The rank of sergeant major is reserved for members of the Professional Standards Bureau, where the rank has a unique investigative function within the force's chain-of-command. (slip-on) (shoulder board) The Commissioner's Own Pipes and Drums serves as

2320-592: The OPP came into being. The Ontario Auxiliary Police were organized in 12 of the 17 OPP districts and by the end of the year, 376 volunteers had signed up to be equipped and trained by experienced OPP personnel. Two OPP inspectors were assigned to work with Emergency Measures Ontario as liaison officers for the volunteers. This close connection continues today with the OPP auxiliary playing a critical role in emergency and disaster planning and occurrences. By 1961 there were 466 auxiliary volunteers who accompanied regular provincials on traffic and law enforcement patrols and during

2400-516: The OPP for over an hour. George was declared dead at 12:20 a.m. on September 7 at nearby Strathroy Middlesex General Hospital, in Strathroy, Ontario . Acting Sergeant Ken Deane (October 1961 – February 25, 2006) was convicted of criminal negligence causing death. Deane's defence was that he had believed that Dudley George was carrying a rifle. The judge rejected Deane's claim, stating that he had invented it "in an ill-fated attempt to disguise

2480-514: The OPP is fictionalized as the Ontario Police Department (OPD), with a shoulder patch similar to that of the actual OPP except that the top element is replaced by three stylized maple leaves on a branch. OPP cruisers in the series are marked similar to actual cruisers, however the Queen's crown is replaced with a stylized beaver, and the vehicles are marked "O.P.D." instead of "O.P.P." In 2016,

Ipperwash Crisis - Misplaced Pages Continue

2560-464: The OPP switched to an all-white livery with blue and gold striping. Vehicles of this era were equipped with Federal Signal 's Vector light bars with integrated traffic advisers. In 2007, the OPP announced that it would return to a black and white colour scheme. The colour scheme is accomplished with the use of vinyl wraps during in-house vehicle outfitting. The change was implemented starting in March 2007 and

2640-578: The OPP was divided into seventeen different regions. In 1995, OPP operations were amalgamated into six regions, with five providing general policing services, and one providing traffic policing services on provincial highways in the Greater Toronto Area (local police services in the GTA are provided by municipal and regional police forces) following recommendations by the Ipperwash Inquiry . OPP police stations are known as "detachments". Police constables in

2720-459: The OPP's actions on the radio. 44°34′59″N 79°25′48″W  /  44.583°N 79.430°W  / 44.583; -79.430 Tactics and Rescue Unit The Tactics and Rescue Unit (TRU) is the tactical police unit of the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP). It was formed in 1975 in connection with the 1976 Summer Olympics , which had venues in Ontario . The Tactics and Rescue Unit

2800-568: The OPP's officially recognised pipe band. Formed as the Ontario Provincial Pipes and Drums in 1968 by two constables, the band saw active service to wide acclaim in the 1970s and 80s before being disbanded in 1991 due to department financial constraints. The band was shortly re-formed three years after, and is now composed of volunteer officers, auxiliary officers, and civilian volunteers. The majority of policing services are provided by uniformed front-line police constables. In addition to

2880-555: The OPPA. In 2018, Toronto Police Superintendent Ron Taverner, was nominated to replace outgoing Commissioner Vince Hawkes. The appointment of Taverner brought about controversy given the personal relationship between him and Premier Doug Ford , potential nepotism, and the OPP's role in investigating political corruption. It was also discovered that the requirements of the position were changed to allow someone in rank equivalent to Taverner to apply. Ultimately, Taverner rescinded his interest in

2960-669: The Ontario Divisional Court, suspected that four officers of the Toronto Police Service engaged in a fabrication of evidence and harassment of an accused party. Judge Matlow under the Ontario Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (FIPPA), sought access to the report of the Ontario Provincial Police exonerating the officers, but was denied access to it by the OPP. Access was later granted by

3040-603: The Provincial Civil Defence Organization was dissolved. A new oversight body known as the Emergency Measures Organization—Ontario (EMO) came into being. Each department of the government became responsible for its own operational planning. The organization of auxiliary police forces became the responsibility of all interested municipal police forces, as well as the OPP. In April 1960, a new organization more closely affiliated with

3120-500: The Provincial Police Academy and qualified with all use of force options. The auxiliary uniform is distinct from the uniform of a regular OPP officer. Auxiliary officers wear light blue shirts, checkered hat bands, and have their own cap badges. They wear slip-ons with the word "auxiliary" embroidered on them, and their jackets and dress uniforms have tabs sewn on that indicates that they are auxiliary officers. Following

3200-646: The Veterans Guard was formed. This was a body of volunteers (primarily World War I veterans) whose duty was to protect vulnerable hydroelectric plants and the Welland Ship Canal under the supervision of regular police members. In the late 1940s, policing functions were reorganized in Ontario, with the OPP given responsibility for all law enforcement in the province outside areas covered by municipal police forces, together with overall authority for law enforcement on

3280-453: The authority of a police officer. This can occur in an emergency situation, or where the OPP requires additional strength to assist with a special event. Auxiliary officers are unpaid, however are compensated for travel and meals. They are required to attend routine training administered by the OPP, and must contribute a certain number of hours monthly. The auxiliary is made up of people from diverse backgrounds. Auxiliary members are trained at

Ipperwash Crisis - Misplaced Pages Continue

3360-484: The basic training provided to all police officers in Ontario, the OPP mandates additional training at the Provincial Police Academy before and after attendance at the Ontario Police College , resulting in the longest training period among Ontario police services. After this, probationary police constables are assigned to a detachment within the OPP's six regions with a coach officer for a year of field training. At

3440-401: The councillor's car was from a rock thrown by one of the protesters who took exception to an article the councillor had written disapproving of the occupation. A rumour started that the protesters smashed up the vehicle of a female driver with baseball bats, a report that was later found by Justice Sidney Linden to be false and misleading. Out of public safety concerns, the OPP decided to deploy

3520-403: The course. Within 32 minutes, the candidate must walk 5 laps at a brisk pace and may run 1 lap for a total of six before doing a task station. These six laps along with the six task stations must be successfully completed for the candidate to continue. The candidate may be invited to attend a nine-day selection course, which is considered one of the most difficult non- military selection courses in

3600-519: The crowd management unit (CMU) to force the protesters back into the park. The CMU was a riot squad armed with steel batons, shields and helmets. The CMU was backed up by a tactical response unit (TRU). The OPP intended a show of force to move the protesters back inside the park. On Wednesday evening, police riot squads marched down to the Sandy Parking Lot to confront the protesters. As the CMU advanced,

3680-420: The death of Dudley George. The inquiry was also asked to make recommendations that would avoid violence in similar circumstances in the future. The inquiry was neither a civil nor criminal trial. During the inquiry, a 17-minute tape recording surfaced that cast new light on the events at Ipperwash. The tape records a conversation between OPP Inspector Ron Fox and Inspector John Carson, the OPP commander overseeing

3760-460: The decades-old land claims. After the park closed at 6:00 p.m., protestors cut back a fence and by 7:30 had moved vehicles into the park. About thirty-five protestors occupied the park. The protestors had been threatening occupation since the spring. The original police strategy was to co-occupy the park peacefully with the First Nations. But when a protester from the group smashed the window of

3840-475: The deployment and implementation of In-Car Camera Systems which includes an integrated Automatic Licence Plate Recognition (ALPR) technology. In March 2023, the OPP completed a provincial implementation of In-Car Camera systems with integrated ALPR into over 1,300 frontline vehicles across all regions of the province. Historically, from 1941 to 1989, the OPP livery was black and white . In 1989, in response to manufacturers no longer offering dual tone vehicles,

3920-490: The disbanding of World War II auxiliary forces, growing Cold War tension and fear of a nuclear attack led to the belief that police services should "recruit and train volunteers to augment their strength in times of emergency". As a result, in 1954, the Provincial Civil Defence Auxiliary was created, but the need to more closely associate the auxiliary with the OPP soon became apparent. On 14 January 1960,

4000-550: The driver side. Licence plates on the cruisers are generally the standard Ontario licence plates with a special validation sticker denoting permanent registration. As of February 2023, the OPP has the following aircraft listed with Transport Canada as the Province Of Ontario, Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services, and operate as Nav Canada airline designator GD, and telephony GUARDIAN. Unmanned aerial vehicles Ontario Provincial Police officers carry

4080-422: The early 1990s. Tactics and Rescue Unit teams respond to high-risk calls in which violence or weapons are known or expected, including barricaded persons, K-9 back-up, prisoner escorts (where there is a high risk of escape or violence), high-risk warrant execution, witness protection, V.I.P. security and hostage rescue. Incidents when the unit has been implemented include the Ipperwash Crisis in 1995, in which

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4160-465: The effect of "I don't recall" on 134 separate occasions in her in-chief testimony. Former Ontario Attorney General Charles Harnick also testified that Harris shouted, "I want the fucking Indians out of the park." Later witnesses denied Harnick's evidence, but the Ipperwash Inquiry concluded that Harnick's testimony was credible and that Premier Harris did in fact make the remarks (Report of the Ipperwash Inquiry, Vol.1, p. 363). Harris appeared before

4240-540: The end of probation, a decision is made regarding retention. First Nations constables employed by OPP-supported police services undergo the same training as OPP officers, spending time at the Provincial Police Academy as well as at the Ontario Police College before returning to their home communities. Auxiliary members have no police authority. They must rely on the same arrest provisions as regular citizens. There are some instances when an auxiliary member may have

4320-629: The fact that an unarmed man had been shot". He sentenced Deane to a conditional sentence of two years less a day to be served in the community, and 180 hours of community service . Deane unsuccessfully appealed the verdict to the Ontario Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court of Canada . In September 2001, he pled guilty to discreditable conduct under the Police Services Act and in January 2002

4400-519: The inquiry on February 14, 2006. He testified that he had never said the statement attributed to him by Harnick. Justice Linden "found the statements were made and they were racist, whether intended or not". The evidentiary hearings of the inquiry ended on June 28, 2006. Justice Linden's final report and findings of the inquiry were released on May 31, 2007. Along with 100 recommendations meant to enhance government relations with First Nations and to prevent similar escalation of violence in future situations,

4480-533: The land after the war ended. The band rejected the offer, however, under the War Measures Act , the federal government expropriated the lands from the Stoney Point Reserve and established Military Camp Ipperwash . The First Nations claim that the grounds contain a burial site. As of 2010, archaeological surveys have established that such a site does indeed exist. As early as 1993, while Camp Ipperwash

4560-445: The line of duty occurred in 1923, when escaped convict Leo Rogers shot and killed Sergeant John Urquhart near North Bay . Rogers, who was later killed in a shootout with OPP officers, had already mortally wounded North Bay City constable, Fred Lefebvre. The first OPP motorcycle patrol was introduced in 1928, phased out in 1942, and then reintroduced in 1949. The first marked OPP patrol car was introduced in 1941. During World War II ,

4640-476: The park to assist the protesters in their fight against police. According to police officers, there was gunfire from these vehicles, but First Nations protesters have insisted they had no weapons in the park that night. The OPP TRU teams opened fire on the vehicles, resulting in the wounding of two Native protesters and the death of Dudley George, an Ojibwa protestor. Among the TRU members was Acting Sergeant Ken "Tex" Deane,

4720-600: The police hander for the informer Marvin Elkind in what has been described as the most successful undercover operation ever ran by the OPP. In 1994, as part of a tripartite agreement between the government of Canada, the Province of Ontario, and the Nishnawbe Aski Nation, the OPP began the process of relinquishing a majority of northern policing duties to the newly created Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service (NAPS). The transition

4800-464: The police the following day, and Beaubien also contacted the office of Premier Harris, in an attempt to put pressure on the government to intervene. On September 5, 1995, the premier and several government officials met to discuss the Ipperwash protest. The meeting notes concluded that "the province will take steps to remove the occupiers as soon as possible." On Wednesday, the OPP became concerned about

4880-459: The position, resulting in the appointment York Regional Police Deputy Chief Thomas Carrique as the OPP's new commissioner. The Beatles 's 1967 album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band contains cover art with Paul McCartney wearing an OPP patch on his fictional uniform (more easily seen in the gatefold picture). In January 2016 the origins of the patch was confirmed as a gift from an OPP corporal on 28 September 1964, at Malton Airport as

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4960-438: The protesters initially retreated and the CMU responded by also retreating. One protester, Cecil Bernard George, approached the police (peacefully according to the protesters, violently according to police reports). George was taken down and surrounded by police and arrested. Protesters attempted to rescue George from the arrest by the police units. This resulted in a riot. A car and a school bus driven by protesters started out of

5040-518: The province and the Chippewas, with consultation from the surrounding community, for the time being. According to Aboriginal Affairs Minister Michael Bryant , the land will be fully returned over an unspecified period of time, until the Chippewas have full control. On Thursday May 28, 2009, Ontario Aboriginal Affairs Minister Brad Duguid formally signed over control of Ipperwash Park to the Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point First Nation. The settlement

5120-419: The province. The OPP also has a number of local mandates through contracts with municipal governments and First Nations , where it acts as the local police force and provides front-line services. With an annual budget of nearly $ 1.4 billion, the OPP employed more than 6,100 uniformed officers, 500 auxiliary officers, and 2,800 civilian employees in 2023, making it the largest police service in Ontario and

5200-530: The report found that "the appropriation of the Stony Point reserve by the Government of Canada in 1942 was unprecedented in Canadian history." On December 20, 2007, the Ontario government announced its intention to return the 56-hectare Ipperwash Provincial Park to its original owners, the Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point First Nation. The decision did not take immediate effect, as the land will be "co-managed" by

5280-410: The same light blue colour. As of 2021, officers may also choose to wear a baseball cap instead of the traditional forage cap. Officers wear duty belts, which, at a minimum, carry an officer's issued use of force equipment, and also wear an external Pacific Safety Products vest with MOLLE webbing to store additional items and large placards that read "police" in gold text on their chest and back. During

5360-742: The second-largest in Canada (after the Royal Canadian Mounted Police ). The OPP's operations are directed by its commissioner ( Thomas Carrique ) and it is a division of the Ministry of the Solicitor General . At the First Parliament of Upper Canada in Niagara-on-the-Lake on 17 September 1792, a provision was made for the formation of a "police system". Initially, policing jurisdictions were limited to districts, townships, and parishes. In 1845,

5440-405: The side of issued trousers have been standard. Prior to this, officers wore pants with thin, red trouser piping. From 1997 to 2008, the official headdress of the OPP was the stetson , though commissioned ranks were still issued the forage cap. Starting in 2008, the OPP returned to the peaked cap for all officers. The OPP has approximately 5,200 cruisers in service across the province according to

5520-464: The span of several years, the Ontario Provincial Police were criticized for perceived inaction against the native protesters by local residents. In 2011, a class-action lawsuit against the government of Ontario was settled. The Ipperwash Provincial Park is a former provincial park in Lambton County, Ontario. On 4 September 1995, first nations people occupied the park to bring attention to decades-old land claims that had not been recognized, resulting in

5600-613: The standoff at Ipperwash, prior to George's death. They discussed Premier Mike Harris's view that the government has "tried to pacify and pander to these people far too long" and to use "swift affirmative action" to remove them from the park. Other testimony has further put the Harris government in a bad light. In particular, former Harris aide Deb Hutton repeatedly testified in November, 2005 that she couldn't remember any specific conversations. This led Julian Falconer, acting as counsel for Aboriginal Legal Services of Toronto, to pointedly remark on cross-examination that Hutton had used phrases to

5680-412: The world. After successfully completing all of the above requirements, the officer begins tactical training, which totals 14 weeks broken down into three levels. During this time they will learn camouflage and concealment, land navigation, K-9 back-up training, witness and VIP protection, rappeling , basic sniper , stealth clearing, and hostage rescue. If successful they then may be placed in one of

5760-486: The year logged more than twenty-six thousand hours of volunteer duty. Uniformed officers below the rank of staff sergeant wear navy blue uniforms with gold lettering and shoulder flashes. Sworn managers at or above the rank of staff sergeant wear slightly smaller, black shoulder flashes and white shirts, and wear navy trousers with black piping. Officers below the rank of staff sergeant use trousers with light blue trouser piping, and forage caps for all ranks are banded with

5840-588: Was John Wilson Murray , hired on a temporary appointment in 1875 and made permanent upon passage of the 1877 act. Murray was joined by two additional detectives in 1897, marking the beginnings of the Criminal Investigation Branch. However, for the most part, policing outside of Ontario's cities was non-existent. With the discovery of silver in Cobalt and gold in Timmins , lawlessness was increasingly becoming

5920-558: Was complete on 1 April 1999, when the OPP's Northwest Patrol was transferred to NAPS. The OPP still administers First Nations policing for Big Trout Lake , Weagamow , Muskrat Dam , and Pikangikum . The OPP provides police services to the provincial government - patrolling provincial highways and waterways, investigating multijurisdictional crimes, and protecting high profile government officials - under provincial mandate, and to municipalities and First Nations under contract. The force operates out of its General Headquarters , located in

6000-420: Was completed in 2009. Vehicles of this era had detachment markings on the rear quarter panel and used Federal Signal Arjent S2 light bars. Current vehicles have eschewed the detachment markings and are equipped with Whelen Legacy light bars. Unmarked vehicles are generally white, black, grey or dark blue. All marked cruisers are equipped with pushbars, also generally have black steel rims, and spotlights mounted on

6080-497: Was finalized on April 14, 2016. Along with CA$ 95  million (equivalent to $ 116.2 million in 2023), the land was signed over to the Kettle and Stoney Point First Nation by Minister of National Defence Harjit Sajjan and Minister of Indigenous and Northern Affairs Carolyn Bennett . Chief Thomas Bressette signed the agreement on behalf of the band. Ontario Provincial Police The Ontario Provincial Police ( OPP )

6160-548: Was formed in 1975 primarily as a counter- terrorist unit for the yachting events of the 1976 Summer Olympics, which took place off Kingston, Ontario . The first team was established on July 1 that year, with 27 OPP officers being selected for five weeks of training. The unit was originally trained by the 3rd Battalion, the Royal Canadian Regiment (3RCR) at Canadian Forces Base , Petawawa, Ontario , and received subsequent training and guidance from forces including

6240-564: Was launched on November 12, 2003, after the Ontario Conservatives lost power to Dalton McGuinty's Ontario Liberal Party in the 2003 election . The public inquiry was funded by the Government of Ontario but conducted by a neutral third party, Sidney B. Linden , pursuant to his powers as commissioner established under the Ontario Public Inquiries Act . The inquiry's mandate was to inquire and report on events surrounding

6320-426: Was ordered to resign. He later worked in security at an Ontario Hydro nuclear station. On February 25, 2006, he died in a car accident when his vehicle collided with a semi-truck near Prescott . He died at the scene. He was to testify at the Ipperwash inquiry in a few weeks. The George family repeatedly called on the Ontario and federal governments to launch an inquiry into the events at Ipperwash. A public inquiry

6400-571: Was still being used as a summer training centre for the Royal Canadian Army Cadets , band members had occupied portions of the camp and the adjacent piece of land. After the summer of 1993, the government moved the cadet camp to CFB Borden . There was growing tension about the base at Camp Ipperwash. On Labour Day Monday, September 4, 1995, a group of people started a protest in Ipperwash Provincial Park to draw attention to

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