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81-589: During the hackathon, NASA Space Apps Challenge participants around the world gather at hundreds of in-person and virtual local events to address challenges submitted by NASA subject matter experts (SMEs). In the early years, NASA Space Apps was primarily focused on space science and technology. However, in 2017, NASA Space Apps moved to the NASA Earth Science Division and expanded to include Earth science and technology. Today, NASA Space Apps features arts and humanities alongside technology challenges, building

162-571: A Delta IV Heavy from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . NASA Space Apps 2014 Global and the overall Kennedy Space Center winners attended the viewing opportunity for the Cygnus CRS OA-4 launch, taking cargo and experiments to the International Space Station . The launch scrubbed twice on December 3 and 4; it occurred on December 6, 2015, on an Atlas V 401 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . NASA Space Apps 2015 Global and

243-655: A Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station. In 2019, 2020, and 2021, invitations to NASA launches were postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021 and 2022, Global Winners were invited to a virtual celebration with NASA representatives. In 2023 and 2024, Global Winners were invited to NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC for an in-person celebration. Participants Submitted *In 2012-2018, participating countries/territories represent

324-538: A base price for each launch vehicle configuration, which ranges from US$ 109 million for the 401 up to US$ 153 million for the 551. Each additional SRB adds an average of US$ 6.8 million to the cost of the launch vehicle. Customers can also choose to purchase larger payload fairings or additional launch service options. NASA and Air Force launch costs are often higher than equivalent commercial missions due to additional government accounting, analysis, processing, and mission assurance requirements, which can add US$ 30–80 million to

405-476: A fault-tolerant unit. The upgraded FTINU first flew in 2006, and in 2010 a follow-on order for more FTINU units was awarded. In 2015, ULA announced that the Aerojet Rocketdyne-produced AJ-60A solid rocket boosters (SRBs) then in use on Atlas V would be superseded by new GEM 63 boosters produced by Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems . The extended GEM 63XL boosters will also be used on

486-467: A more inclusive program with broader appeal. These challenges range in complexity and topic, tasking participants with everything from creating artistic visualizations of NASA data to conceptualizing and developing informational apps and software programs. The program, formerly run by NASA's Office of the Chief Information Officer, is part of NASA's Science Mission Directorate and is a part of

567-662: A schedule acceleration to 2014 was possible if funded. Other than the addition of the Emergency Detection System, no major changes were expected to the Atlas V rocket, but ground infrastructure modifications were planned. The most likely candidate for the human-rating was the N02 configuration, with no fairing, no solid rocket boosters, and dual RL10 engines on the Centaur upper stage. On 18 July 2011, NASA and ULA announced an agreement on

648-705: A third stage. On 6 December 2015, Atlas V lifted its heaviest payload to date into orbit – a 16,517 lb (7,492 kg) Cygnus resupply craft . On 8 September 2016, the OSIRIS-REx Asteroid Sample Return Mission was launched on an Atlas V 411 launch vehicle. It arrived at the asteroid Bennu in December 2018 and departed back to Earth in May 2021 to arrive September 2022 at with a sample ranging from 60 grams to 2 kilograms in 2023. Five Boeing X-37B spaceplane missions were successfully launched with

729-433: A three-digit designation. The first digit shows the diameter (in meters) of the payload fairing and has a value of "4" or "5" for fairing launches and "N" for crew capsule launches (as no payload fairing is used). The second digit indicates the number of solid rocket boosters (SRBs) attached to the core of the launch vehicle and can range from "0" through "3" with the 4 m (13 ft) fairing, and "0" through "5" with

810-600: Is America's longest-serving active rocket. After 87 launches, in August 2021 ULA announced that Atlas V would be retired, and all 29 remaining launches had been sold. As of July 2024 , 15 launches remain. Production ceased in 2024. Other future ULA launches will use the Vulcan Centaur rocket. Each Atlas V launch vehicle consists of two main stages. The first stage is powered by a single Russian RD-180 engine burning kerosene and liquid oxygen . The Centaur upper stage

891-529: Is an effort by the administration of President of the United States Barack Obama to "[create] an unprecedented level of openness in Government." The directive starting this initiative was issued on January 20, 2009, Obama's first day in office. Since the rapid pace of technological growth at the turn of the century has given rise to the mass distribution of information, so too has the demand for

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972-529: Is called the Open Government Data movement and the second school of thought is called the Right to Information movement. However, the two movements want access to different types of data; the Open Government Data movement is more interested in receiving quantitative data from government databases, whereas the Right to Information movement want access to qualitative documents and reports. A core component of OGD

1053-516: Is for nine launches. Project Kuiper aims to put thousands of satellites into orbit. ULA is Amazon's first launch provider. Two Kuiper test satellites were launched on Atlas V in 2023 because their originally-contracted launch vehicles were not available on time. The remaining eight Atlas V Kuiper launches will each carry a full payload of Kuiper satellites. Most of the Kuiper constellation will use other launch vehicles. Each Atlas V booster configuration has

1134-582: Is managed by the Earth Science Division, Science Mission Directorate, at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC. NASA Space Apps fosters interest in Earth and space science, technology, and exploration and encourages the growth and diversity of the next generation of problem solvers, innovators, leaders and entrepreneurs. NASA Space Apps has engaged 373,000+ registrants from 185+ countries/territories. NASA collaborates with international Space Agency Partners on

1215-535: Is powered by one or two American RL10 engine(s) manufactured by Aerojet Rocketdyne and burns liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen . Strap-on solid rocket boosters (SRBs) are used in many configurations. AJ-60A SRBs were used originally, but they were replaced in November 2020 by Graphite-Epoxy Motor (GEM 63) SRBs for all except Starliner launches. The standard payload fairings are 4.2 or 5.4 m (14 or 18 ft) in diameter with various lengths. The Atlas V

1296-462: Is related to the fear that only those already at the highest socioeconomic level will derive benefit from access to governmental data. Typically, most countries with OGD initiatives provide their information through portals. Africa contains several national OGD portals with 4 countries ( Morocco , United Arab Emirates , Ghana and Kenya ) having generally robust access to information; however, these portals typically include specific sectors but not

1377-420: Is sustainability; many initiatives offer no revenue for the governments that attempt to make their data transparent to the public. For the data to become freely available, the associated government must make an initial investment into the infrastructure that would circulate the information. Because Open Data does not hold bipartisan support, funding is one of the main barriers to open governmental data. The second

1458-467: Is the belief that the public should have free access to information rather than having to request it. For example, the Freedom of Information Act only allows for public access when it is requested and thus takes several days to complete the order; journalists comprised 7.6% of those who requested information. The various forms of liquid democracy and public policy forums were created with similar beliefs as

1539-416: Is the fear that open data will only benefit those who can understand the information, which is typically those at the top of the socioeconomic hierarchy. Although in theory open data is meant to benefit the average citizen who is meant to feel more connected with their government's democratic processes, the information must composed in a way that is accessible. The third weakness, thus, is the possibility that

1620-623: The Boeing Starliner CST-100 spacecraft as part of the Commercial Crew Program . Atlas V is the launch vehicle for Starliner. The first launch of an uncrewed Starliner, the Boeing OFT mission, occurred atop a human-rated Atlas V on the morning of 20 December 2019; the mission failed to meet goals due to a spacecraft failure, though the Atlas V launcher performed well. In 2022, an Atlas V launched an uncrewed Starliner capsule for

1701-774: The Common Core Booster (not to be confused with the Delta IV's Common Booster Core ), is 3.8 m (12 ft) in diameter and 32.5 m (107 ft) in length. It is powered by one Russian NPO Energomash RD-180 main engine burning 284,450 kg (627,100 lb) of liquid oxygen and RP-1 . The booster operates for about four minutes, providing about 4 MN (900,000 lb f ) of thrust. Thrust can be augmented with up to five Aerojet AJ-60A or Northrop Grumman GEM 63 strap-on solid rocket boosters , each providing an additional 1.27 MN (290,000 lb f ) of thrust for 94 seconds. The main differences between

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1782-624: The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) in 1966. Later, the Privacy Act Amendments of 1974 created the classically modern version of the FOIA under President Ford. The next notable change came in 1996 when the FOIA made each resource available electronically to the public. Finally, the influences for the bill culminated with President Bush's signing of the OPEN Government Act of 2007 , which

1863-821: The Open Government Initiative founded under President Barack Obama . It also fulfills the United States’ commitments to the Open Government Partnership . The United States released its National Action Plan for the Open Government Partnership in September 2011, including a commitment to hold the NASA International Space Apps Challenge to “promote innovation through international collaboration”. Today, NASA Space Apps

1944-531: The SpaceX Falcon 9 . In 2006, ULA offered an Atlas V Heavy option that would use three Common Core Booster (CCB) stages strapped together to lift a 29,400 kg (64,800 lb) payload to low Earth orbit . ULA stated at the time that 95% of the hardware required for the Atlas ;V Heavy has already been flown on the Atlas V single-core vehicles. The lifting capability of the proposed launch vehicle

2025-579: The Turkish Space Agency .  NASA Space Apps will announce its 10 2024 Global winners in January 2025. The 2023 NASA International Space Apps Challenge hackathon theme was “Explore Open Science Together” in collaboration with NASA's Transform to Open Science (TOPS). The theme celebrated the benefits and successes created through the equitable and open sharing of knowledge and data and acknowledged 2023 as "A Year of Open Science," as declared by

2106-712: The United Launch Alliance . This led to a proposal to combine the 5-meter-diameter Delta IV tankage production processes with dual RD-180 engines, resulting in the Atlas Phase ;2 . An Atlas V PH2-Heavy consisting of three 5-meter stages in parallel with six RD-180s was considered in the Augustine Report as a possible heavy lifter for use in future space missions, as well as the Shuttle-derived Ares ;V and Ares V Lite . If built,

2187-486: The United States Government to increase the transparency with which they make decisions and create legislation; many civil servants share this sentiment with the public. There exist a few schools of thought regarding why Open Government Data (OGD) would benefit the public, but these can generally be broken into two parts: 1) the general public deserves the information that is being used to represent them and 2)

2268-474: The Vulcan Centaur launch vehicle that will replace the Atlas V. The first Atlas V launch with GEM 63 boosters happened on 13 November 2020. Proposals and design work to human-rate the Atlas V began as early as 2006, with ULA's parent company Lockheed Martin reporting an agreement with Bigelow Aerospace that was intended to lead to commercial private trips to low Earth orbit (LEO). Human-rating design and simulation work began in earnest in 2010, with

2349-574: The 5 m (16 ft) fairing. As seen in the first image, all SRB layouts are asymmetrical. The third digit represents the number of engines on the Centaur stage, either "1" or "2". All of the configurations use the Single Engine Centaur , except for the "N22" which is only used on Starliner crew capsule missions, and uses Dual Engine Centaur . Atlas V has flown in eleven configurations:    Active    Retired Before 2016, pricing information for Atlas V launches

2430-543: The Atlas V and earlier Atlas I and II family launch vehicles are: The Centaur upper stage uses a pressure-stabilized propellant-tank design and cryogenic propellants . The Centaur stage for Atlas V is stretched 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in) relative to the Atlas IIAS Centaur and is powered by either one or two Aerojet Rocketdyne RL10A-4-2 engines, each engine developing a thrust of 99.2 kN (22,300 lb f ). The inertial navigation unit (INU) located on

2511-541: The Atlas V as the initial launch vehicle for its CST-100 crew capsule. CST-100 will take NASA astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS) and was also intended to service the proposed Bigelow Commercial Space Station . A three-flight test program was projected to be completed by 2015, certifying the Atlas V/CST-100 combination for human spaceflight operations. The first flight was expected to include an Atlas V rocket integrated with an uncrewed CST-100 capsule,

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2592-591: The Atlas V to be the booster for its still-under-development Dream Chaser crewed spaceplane . The Dream Chaser was intended to launch on an Atlas V, fly a crew to the ISS, and land horizontally following a lifting-body reentry. However, in late 2014 NASA did not select the Dream Chaser to be one of the two vehicles selected under the Commercial Crew competition. On 4 August 2011, Boeing announced that it would use

2673-593: The Atlas V. It will fly 15 more launches. For planned launches, see List of Atlas launches (2020–2029) . The first payload, the Hot Bird 6 communications satellite, was launched to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) on 21 August 2002 by an Atlas V 401. On 12 August 2005, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter was launched aboard an Atlas V 401 launch vehicle from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The Centaur upper stage of

2754-694: The Atlas V. The flights are launched on Atlas V 501s from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. The X-37B, also known as the Orbital Test Vehicle (OTV), is a reusable robotic spacecraft operated by USAF that can autonomously conduct landings from orbit to a runway. The first Vandenberg Air Force Base landing at the Space Shuttle 15,000 ft (4,600 m) runway occurred in December 2010. Landings occur at both Vandenberg and Cape Canaveral depending on mission requirements. On 20 December 2019,

2835-454: The Atlas PH2-Heavy was projected to be able to launch a payload mass of approximately 70 t (69 long tons; 77 short tons) into an orbit of 28.5° inclination . The Atlas V Common Core Booster was to have been used as the first stage of the joint US-Japanese GX rocket , which was scheduled to make its first flight in 2012. GX launches would have been from the Atlas V launch complex at Vandenberg Air Force Base, SLC-3E . However,

2916-461: The Centaur provides guidance and navigation for both the Atlas and Centaur and controls both Atlas and Centaur tank pressures and propellant use. The Centaur engines are capable of multiple in-space starts, making possible insertion into low Earth parking orbit , followed by a coast period and then insertion into GTO . A subsequent third burn following a multi-hour coast can permit direct injection of payloads into geostationary orbit . As of 2006 ,

2997-470: The Centaur vehicle had the highest proportion of burnable propellant relative to total mass of any modern hydrogen upper stage and hence can deliver substantial payloads to a high-energy state. Atlas V payload fairings are available in two diameters, depending on satellite requirements. The 4.2 m (14 ft) diameter fairing, originally designed for the Atlas II booster, comes in three different lengths:

3078-741: The Founder of Black Girls Code, Emily Lakdawalla of the Planetary Society, Anita Sengupta of NASA and creative scientist Dr. Kate Stone who was also a founding member of the NASA Datanauts initiative. In 2016, there were more than 50 Data Bootcamps held in conjunction with NASA Space Apps events, creating and opening up even more space for a diverse community of global participants. Main Stage Location(s): Pasadena, California Open Government Initiative The Open Government Initiative

3159-967: The Global Live event which streamed live from the NASA Space Apps Instagram. During the event, NASA Space Apps Global Organizing Team members highlighted Local Events in Madrid, Spain; Pretoria, South Africa; and New York City in real-time. The 2022 NASA Space Apps Challenge Winners Announcement was announced live from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Challenge Topics: Space Agency Partners: Australian Space Agency, Brazilian Space Agency, Canadian Space Agency, ESA (European Space Agency), Indian Space Research Organization, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Mexican Space Agency, National Space Activities Commission of Argentina, National Space Science Agency of Bahrain, Paraguayan Space Agency, and

3240-604: The Japanese government decided to cancel the GX project in December 2009. In May 2015, a consortium of companies, including Aerojet and Dynetics , sought to license the production or manufacturing rights to the Atlas V using the AR1 engine in place of the RD-180. The proposal was rejected by ULA. Last flight of the 431 configuration 100th flight of an RD-180 engine ULA has stopped selling

3321-657: The Local Lead Joseph Spens. Theme or Challenge Topics: For the second year, the NASA Space Apps Challenge included a pre-hackathon Women in Data Bootcamp to build confidence and give women, girls, and those new to hackathons a head start leading into the weekend. The Data Bootcamp was held in Pasadena, California, where the 2016 mainstage event was hosted. It featured guest speakers such as Kimberly Bryant,

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3402-570: The Local People's Choice Award. Teams are also selected from the Universal Event to proceed to Global Judging. Each year, NASA attempts to invite Global Winners and Local Leads from winning locations to a NASA spacecraft launch. Global Winners are also featured on the NASA Space Apps website and social media. In 2013, Mars Exploration Program offered the NASA Space Apps 2012 Global Winners

3483-480: The NASA Space Apps Challenge to encourage more extensive global collaboration and provides a broader platform for participants to contribute to the fields of Earth and space science and technology through NASA Space Apps. After the NASA Space Apps Challenge concludes, each Local Event nominates teams with the top projects for Global Judging. The number of nominees depends on the number of projects submitted at each event. Local Events also may select an additional team for

3564-525: The OPEN Government Data Act from 2018 law. The acronym OPEN stands for Open Public Electronic Necessary. This law requires extensive data-keeping that is supervised non-partisan data officer. A review will be held in three years to determine whether agencies were properly maintaining their information and the usefulness of that information to the public. There are a few common shortcomings that exist in regards to Open Government efforts. The first

3645-501: The Open Government Initiative. Similarly, Cloakroom, Change.org , Liquid.us, and Loomio were also created to facilitate public policy discussions and promote administration practices to become more accessible for the general public. The most significant might be the Open Government Partnership , which after launching in 2011, now represents over 2 billion people. The countries within the partnership have agreed to execute

3726-490: The RUAG fairing is much longer and fully encloses both the Centaur upper stage and the payload. Many systems on the Atlas V have been the subject of upgrade and enhancement both prior to the first Atlas V flight and since that time. Work on a Fault Tolerant Inertial Navigation Unit (FTINU) started in 2001 to enhance mission reliability for Atlas vehicles by replacing the earlier non-redundant navigation and computing equipment with

3807-532: The South African National Space Agency. The 2021 NASA Space Apps Challenge marked the tenth annual event for the program with the theme, "The Power of Ten." To celebrate the occasion, organizers brought together ten Space Agency Partners to support the event and added four new award categories for a total of ten award categories for 2021: Best Storytelling, Global Connection, Art & Technology, Local Impact. The 2021 NASA Space Apps Challenge

3888-604: The Turkish Space Agency. The 2023 NASA Space Apps Challenge presented its 10 Global Winners during their live Global Winners Announcement on January 23, 2024 that was filmed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The announcement also included former NASA Astronaut, Dr. Cady Coleman. The 2022 NASA Space Apps Challenge hackathon theme was “Make Space” to emphasize NASA’s commitment to inclusivity. The hackathon focused on Earth and space science, technology, and exploration. In 2022, Space Apps introduced

3969-730: The White House, NASA, and other federal agencies. The NASA Space Apps Challenge incorporated open science tips, tools, and resources from the NASA TOPS initiative into the hackathon for participants. Challenge Topics: 13 Space Agency Partners: Australian Space Agency, Brazilian Space Agency, Canadian Space Agency, ESA (European Space Agency), Indian Space Research Organization, Italian Space Agency, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Mexican Space Agency, National Space Activities Commission of Argentina, National Space Science Agency of Bahrain, Paraguayan Space Agency, South African National Space Agency, and

4050-400: The advocates for OGD typically fall within two schools: those who derive socioeconomic benefits from OGD in the belief that new competitors can penetrate the marketplace with access to government data and those who believe that is a social right that the general public has access to government data, public policy, and the decision makers of the latter using the former. The first school of thought

4131-655: The award of US$ 6.7 million in the first phase of the NASA Commercial Crew Program (CCP) to develop an Emergency Detection System (EDS). As of February 2011, ULA had received an extension to April 2011 from NASA and was finishing up work on the EDS. NASA solicited proposals for CCP phase 2 in October 2010, and ULA proposed to complete design work on the EDS. At the time, NASA's goal was to get astronauts to orbit by 2015. Then-ULA President and CEO Michael Gass stated that

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4212-406: The cost of a launch. In 2013, launch costs for commercial satellites to GTO averaged about US$ 100 million, significantly lower than historic Atlas V pricing. However, after the rise of reusable rockets , the price of an Atlas V [401] has dropped from approximately US$ 180 million to US$ 109 million, in large part due to competitive pressure that emerged in the launch services marketplace during

4293-517: The early 2010s. ULA CEO Tory Bruno stated in 2016 that ULA needs at least two commercial missions each year in order to stay profitable going forward. ULA is not attempting to win these missions on purely lowest purchase price, stating that it "would rather be the best value provider". In 2016, ULA suggested that customers would have much lower insurance and delay costs because of the high Atlas V reliability and schedule certainty, making overall customer costs close to that of using competitors like

4374-769: The expansive reach of the Sun and its influence on every aspect of our environment and life on Earth. The hackathon featured 20 challenges written by NASA subject matter experts, including topics such as: 15 Space Agency Partners: Australian Space Agency , Brazilian Space Agency , Canadian Space Agency , Communications, Space & Technology Commission of Saudi Arabia , European Space Agency , Indian Space Research Organization , Italian Space Agency , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency , Mexican Space Agency , National Space Activities Commission of Argentina , National Space Science Agency of Bahrain , Paraguayan Space Agency , South African National Space Agency , Spanish Space Agency , and

4455-462: The first Starliner crew capsule was launched in Boe-OFT un-crewed test flight. The Atlas V launch vehicle performed flawlessly but an anomaly with the spacecraft left it in a wrong orbit. The orbit was too low to reach the flight's destination of ISS , and the mission was subsequently cut short. In its 100 launches (as of June 2024), starting with its first launch in August 2002, Atlas V has achieved

4536-665: The following themes: In 2018, NASA Space Apps Challenge Local Leads were 37.5% women. Main Stage Location(s): Huntsville, Alabama Theme or Challenge Topics: In 2018, NASA Space Apps Challenge Local Leads were 33% women. Main Stage Location(s): Huntsville, Alabama Theme or Challenge Topics: In 2017 the NASA Space Apps Challenge was hosted by a Local Lead in Melbourne Australia and several other Australian cities also competed. Speakers included Andrew Aldrin, son of American astronaut Buzz Aldrin , who works in

4617-447: The government as a whole. India has a notable portal, but once again is limited in scope. The European Data Portal consolidates many European countries that you can filter by sector, country, keyword, etc. The Global Open Data Index provides an overview of 94 countries' open data efforts and ranks them based on their coverage of certain key sectors. The Open Data Barometer is another ranking site for open data efforts around

4698-558: The guidelines within the Open Government National Action Plans. The notable points from the plan include increased transparency from government spending, increased dissemination of information through electronic means, and greater accountability for political figures through tracked data. The most recent form of Open Government legislation is the signing of the Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act , making

4779-606: The idea that government should be transparent, participatory, and collaborative. Following this statement, the State Department , after facilitating an online conversation between public employees and the public about their draft, published the Open Government plan using the Memorandum's three principles of transparency, participation, and collaboration. One of the earliest influences for the Open Government Initiative came from

4860-412: The in-flight launch abort system test flight did not materialize, and the third flight, a crewed orbital test flight with two astronauts (in the end NASA's, not Boeing's astronauts) materialized in June 2024 as Boeing Crewed Flight Test . The launch abort system was tested in 2019 in the Boeing Pad Abort Test mission but this did not take place in-flight but from the launch pad. In 2014, NASA selected

4941-459: The information will be delivered in a way that is incomprehensible to the average citizen and can only be understood and applied by those already deeply familiar with governmental processes or those with the resources to access those who are familiar. The fourth shortcoming stems from the philosophy of the Open Government Data movement in which open governmental data can lead to greater economic growth if used commercially. Once again, this shortcoming

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5022-465: The launch and education areas of the space industry. Aldrin fascinated the audience by discussing the ‘new’ space industry that seeks more entrepreneurial approaches to innovation. He wanted to see more investment in propulsion from the Moon and in space manufacturing, both of which could address the ongoing problem of orbiting space junk. Main Stage Location(s): Palo Alto, California led by the Local Lead Irena Chaushevska and New York City, New York led by

5103-420: The launch of TDRS-M, a NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite operated by the Space Communications and Navigation Program (SCaN). The mission experienced delays in weeks leading up to launch on August 18, 2017, on an Atlas V 401 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. NASA Space Apps 2018 Global Winners were invited to Kennedy Space Flight Center to attend the launch of the Falcon 9 rocket as part of SpaceX CRS-18,

5184-411: The launch vehicle completed its burns over a 56-minute period and placed MRO into an interplanetary transfer orbit towards Mars. On 19 January 2006, New Horizons was launched by a Lockheed Martin Atlas V 551 rocket. A third stage was added to increase the heliocentric (escape) speed. This was the first launch of the Atlas V 551 configuration with five solid rocket boosters, and the first Atlas V with

5265-538: The necessity of an EELV heavy-lift variant, including development of an Atlas V Heavy", and to "resolve the RD-180 issue, including coproduction, stockpile , or United States development of an RD-180 replacement". In 2010, ULA stated that the Atlas V Heavy variant could be available to customers 30 months from the date of order. In late 2006, the Atlas V program gained access to the tooling and processes for 5-meter-diameter stages used on Delta IV when Boeing and Lockheed Martin space operations were merged into

5346-402: The number of countries/territories where a Local Event was hosted. Years 2020 and forward represent the number of countries/territories registered participants for the hackathon reside. The 2024 NASA International Space Apps Challenge hackathon theme was "The Sun Touches Everything" in collaboration with NASA Heliophysics' celebration of the Helio Big Year. This year's theme aimed to illuminate

5427-450: The opportunity to attend the launch of MAVEN , a Mars Orbiter. Kennedy Space Center also provided winners of their challenges that opportunity. The launch occurred on November 18, 2013, on an Atlas V 401 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . NASA Space Apps 2013 Global and Kennedy Space Center winners attended the Orion Exploration Flight Test 1 launch. The launch scrubbed once on December 4 before occurring on December 5, 2014, on

5508-440: The original 9 m (30 ft) version and extended 10 and 11 m (33 and 36 ft) versions, first flown respectively on the AV-008/ Astra 1KR and AV-004/ Inmarsat-4 F1 missions. Fairings of up to 7.2 m (24 ft) diameter and 32.3 m (106 ft) length have been considered but were never implemented. A 5.4 m (18 ft) diameter fairing, with an internally usable diameter of 4.57 m (15.0 ft),

5589-621: The overall Kennedy Space Center winners were invited to attend the launch of OSIRIS-Rex , visiting the asteroid Bennu . The launch occurred on September 8, 2016, on an Atlas V 411 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . NASA Space Apps 2016 Global Winners were invited to attend the launch of TDRS-M , a NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite operated by the Space Communications and Navigation Program (SCaN). The mission experienced delays in weeks leading up to launch on August 18, 2017, on an Atlas V 401 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . In 2017, Global Winners were invited to attend

5670-420: The possibility of certifying the Atlas V to NASA's standards for human spaceflight. ULA agreed to provide NASA with data on the Atlas V, while NASA would provide ULA with draft human certification requirements. In 2011, the human-rated Atlas V was also still under consideration to carry spaceflight participants to the proposed Bigelow Commercial Space Station . In 2011, Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC) picked

5751-519: The private sector will be able to create better social and economic conditions with access to this data. Beginning with President Obama's Memorandum on Transparency and Open Government in 2009, the Open Data Movement has led to governments around the world creating similar projects. The Open Government Initiative began on President Obama's first day in office when he issued his Memorandum on Transparency and Open Government. He summarized three principles that previous proponents for OGD had advocated for:

5832-434: The second flight an in-flight launch abort system demonstration in the middle of that year, and the third flight a crewed mission carrying two Boeing test-pilot astronauts into LEO and returning them safely at the end of 2015. These plans were delayed by many years and morphed along the way so that in the end, the first orbital test flight with no crew materialized in 2019, but it was a failure and needed to be reflown in 2022,

5913-412: The second time on Boe-OFT 2 mission; the mission was a success. In June 2024, on Boe-CFT mission, Atlas V carried humans into space for the first time, launching two NASA astronauts to the ISS. Amazon has selected the Atlas V to launch some of the satellites for Project Kuiper . Project Kuiper will offer a high-speed satellite internet constellation service. The contract signed with Amazon

5994-471: The world, including 115 countries. The World Bank provides catalogues for open data across over 200 countries/jurisdictions. Atlas V Atlas V is an expendable launch system and the fifth major version in the Atlas launch vehicle family . It was designed by Lockheed Martin and has been operated by United Launch Alliance (ULA) since 2006. It is used for DoD , NASA, and commercial payloads. It

6075-586: Was a philosophically similar act to the Memorandum given by President Obama in 2009. Although not directly related to the idea of open government through technology, President Woodrow Wilson , during his term, aimed for "open covenants of peace, openly arrived at." In fact, the Ralph Bunche Library within the Department of State has been considering public input since 1789, alongside Secretary of State Rusk's Secretary's Open Forum from 1967. As mentioned,

6156-441: Was an entirely virtual event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Challenge Topics: Space Agency partners: Australian Space Agency, Brazilian Space Agency, Canadian Space Agency, ESA (European Space Agency), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, National Space Activities Commission of Argentina, National Space Science Agency of Bahrain, Paraguayan Space Agency, and the South African National Space Agency. The 2020 NASA Space Apps Challenge

6237-420: Was an entirely virtual event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Space Agency Partners: Canadian Space Agency (CSA), European Space Agency (ESA), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and The National Centre for Space Studies (CNES). A special NASA Space Apps COVID-19 Challenge was held on May 30–31, 2020. More than 15,000 participants, from over 150 countries/territories participated. The challenges focused on

6318-562: Was developed and built by RUAG Space in Switzerland . The RUAG fairing uses carbon fiber composite construction and is based on a similar flight-proven fairing for the Ariane 5 . Three configurations are manufactured to support the Atlas V: 20.7 m (68 ft), 23.4 m (77 ft), and 26.5 m (87 ft) long. While the classic 4.2 m (14 ft) fairing covers only the payload,

6399-638: Was developed by Lockheed Martin Commercial Launch Services (LMCLS) as part of the U.S. Air Force Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program and made its inaugural flight on 21 August 2002. The vehicle operates from SLC-41 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS). It also operated from SLC-3E at Vandenberg Space Force Base until 2022. LMCLS continued to market the Atlas V to commercial customers worldwide until January 2018, when United Launch Alliance (ULA) assumed control of commercial marketing and sales. The Atlas V first stage,

6480-526: Was limited. In 2010, NASA contracted with ULA to launch the MAVEN mission on an Atlas V 401 for approximately US$ 187 million. The 2013 cost of this configuration for the U.S. Air Force under their block buy of 36 launch vehicles was US$ 164 million. In 2015, the TDRS-M launch on an Atlas 401 cost NASA US$ 132.4 million. Starting in 2016, ULA provided pricing for the Atlas V through its RocketBuilder website, advertising

6561-730: Was to be roughly equivalent to the Delta ;IV Heavy , which used RS-68 engines developed and produced domestically by Aerojet Rocketdyne. A 2006 report, prepared by the RAND Corporation for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , stated that Lockheed Martin had decided not to develop an Atlas V heavy-lift vehicle (HLV). The report recommended for the U.S. Air Force and the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) to "determine

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