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51-895: In 2013 a merger between the International Baseball Federation (IBAF) and International Softball Federation (ISF), the world governing bodies for baseball and softball, created the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) which now serves as the overarching world governing body for the sports of baseball, softball, and Baseball5 . The ISF represents the softball division. The ISF organizes and conducts world championship competition in women's & men's fast pitch, junior women's & junior men's fast pitch (19-and-under), women's, men's & coed slow pitch, and women's & men's modified pitch. The ISF sanctions regional championships and provides technical support to Regional (Multi-Sport) Games. Additionally

102-609: A crowd of approximately ten thousand". According to theorist Susan Brownell , world's fairs – with their inclusion of human zoos – and the Olympics were a logical fit at this time, as they "were both linked to an underlying cultural logic that gave them a natural affinity". Also, one of the original intentions of Anthropology Days was to create publicity for the official Olympic events. The 1904 Summer Olympic program featured 16 sports encompassing 95 events in 18 disciplines. Swimming, diving and water polo are considered three disciplines of

153-636: A result, Nicaraguan, Italian, and U.S. officials withdrew from FIBA, and instead formed formed the Federación Mundial de Béisbol Amateur (World Amateur Baseball Federation), also knowns as FEMBA . Other countries to join FEMBA included Argentina, Canada, Taiwan, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and South Africa. William "Dutch" Fehring was elected president, and Carlos García Solórzano vice president. The Caribbean federations — Venezuela, Panama, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Cuba, and

204-511: A return, it was exclusively the newly debuted catch wrestling (which later became freestyle wrestling ) as opposed to Greco-Roman style of the 1896 Summer Olympics . Five nations were represented, with each of the 42 competitors having resided in the United States. Later editions would have both styles of wrestling in their programs. Basketball , hurling , American football and Gaelic football were featured as unofficial sports. There

255-570: Is the former worldwide governing body of baseball . It has since been superseded by the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), and continues to exist as the WBSC's baseball division. Between 1944 and 1975, it was known by its Spanish-language name, as the Federación Internacional de Béisbol Amateur , or FIBA . Prior to the establishment of the WBSC, the IBAF was the sole entity recognized by

306-738: The 1936 Summer Olympics . This exhibition was extremely well received as 92,565 spectators filled the Olympic Stadium in Berlin to watch a game between two teams from the US. Following the success of Berlin, the first ever Baseball World Cup was organized in London , England, in August 1938. The United States and Great Britain engaged in five games, of which the British won four. The growth of baseball competitions involving

357-590: The 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta . In 1998, the IBAF, MLB and the Major League Baseball Players Association reached an agreement to allow the participation of professional players in international competition. The United States used a minor league selection to beat Cuba in the gold medal game at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney , Australia. Cuba regained the world title, defeating Australia for

408-599: The 2011 edition in favor of an expanded World Baseball Classic. It was originally intended to be the sanctioning body for the Premier 12 , a new men's international tournament – featuring the twelve best-ranked national teams – that began in 2015; that tournament instead has been sanctioned by the WBSC. This event is played in the year preceding the Summer Olympics. The IBAF discontinued the Intercontinental Cup , which

459-558: The 2020 Summer Olympics . As part of that proposal, in April 2013, the two organizations began the process of merging into a new combined federation that will govern both sports, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC). The merging was concluded in 2015, and WBSC managed to obtain the bid for 2020 Games on following months. The International Baseball Federation organized the following world championship tournaments before WBSC merger: The first-ever 12U Baseball World Championship

510-709: The Asian Baseball Championship in December of that same year in Manila , Philippines. The exposure of baseball to an international audience continued at the 1956 Summer Olympics , which saw approximately 114,000 spectators slowly fill the Melbourne Cricket Ground to witness Australia vs. US in a demonstration contest in Melbourne , Australia. This crowd of 114,000 was registered as a Guinness World Record for

561-654: The Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904 ) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis , Missouri , United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis . This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe. Tensions caused by

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612-498: The International Baseball Federation to form a new combined federation for both sports, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC). For a list of inductees and their biographical sketches, see footnote The ISF Hall of Fame has inducted members every other year since 1981. Inductees include players, coaches, umpires, and administrators (plus individuals in the Meritorious Service category). Individuals are nominated by

663-601: The International Olympic Committee as overseeing the sport, and as the designated organizer and promoter of major international tournaments like the Baseball World Cup (originally the Amateur World Series) and the Intercontinental Cup . It also organized the inaugural World Baseball Classic (WBC), in cooperation with Major League Baseball , in 2006. One of its principal responsibilities as

714-771: The Mississippi River , which had opened in 1901. Three Olympic sports were hosted at Forest Park, the site of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition which was being held concurrently with the Olympics: the Life Saving Exhibition Lake at Forest Park was used for the diving, swimming, and water polo events. Creve Coeur Lake became the first park of St. Louis County in 1945. The Lake has hosted rowing regattas since 1882 and still hosts them as of 2010. Francis Olympic Field and Gymnasium are still in use on

765-616: The Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place

816-619: The Washington University in St. Louis campus as of 2021. An ornamental gate commemorating the 1904 Games was constructed outside the stadium immediately after the Exposition. A swimming pool was added to the gymnasium in 1985. Forest Park, constructed in 1876, is still in use as of 2021 and attracts over 12 million visitors annually. Glen Echo Country Club remains in use as a golf course today as of 2021. Athletes from twelve nations competed in St. Louis. Numbers in parentheses indicate

867-473: The 1500 m. Harry Hillman won both the 200 m and 400 m hurdles and also the flat 400 m. Sprinter Archie Hahn was champion in the 60 m, 100 m and 200 m. In this last race, he set an Olympic record in 21.6, a natural record that stood for 28 years. In the discus , after American Martin Sheridan had thrown exactly the same distance as his compatriot, Ralph Rose (39.28 m),

918-588: The 1904 World's Fair. Fourteen hundred indigenous people from Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, East Asia, Africa, the Middle East, South America and North America were displayed in anthropological exhibits that showed them in their natural habitats. Another 1600 indigenous people displayed their culture in other areas of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (LPE), including on the fairgrounds and at

969-823: The British Virgin Islands, to be "countries" for the purposes of international competition. Those dependent territories compete separately from their "parent" country. There are members from every continent in the world, except Antarctica. The national governing body for softball in each of the countries listed below is considered to be a member of the ISF. There are 18 member countries. There are 33 countries and dependent territories. There are 22 member countries and dependent territories. There are 39 countries and dependent territories. There are 12 member countries and dependent territories. International Baseball Federation The International Baseball Federation ( IBAF )

1020-550: The Chicago OCOG that unless the Olympics were moved to St. Louis, such that persons interested in both events could attend each, the Louisiana Purchase Expedition's organizers would conduct and publicize competitions on a scale eclipsing that of the Olympics, retaining and attracting enough attendees and revenues that the Olympics' hosts and backers would not recoup their investment. Pierre de Coubertin , founder of

1071-593: The Dutch Antilles — remained with FIBA. The Baseball Federation of Cuba characterized the division as driven by Cold War political tensions. However, this was denied by Roger Panaye, president of the European Amateur Baseball Confederation (CEBA): FIBA was never more than a Caribbean affair with Cuba as chief spokesman. When a couple of years ago, many federations joined FIBA in order to have baseball recognised as an Olympic sport, nothing

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1122-670: The IOC awarded the hosting rights of the 1984 Summer Olympics to Los Angeles, and Robert Smith quickly went to work, in his capacity as a member of the United States Olympic Committee , to reestablish baseball as part of the Olympic Programme. Smith reached out to the then-Los Angeles Dodgers owner, Peter O'Malley , and University of Southern California head baseball coach and subsequent College Baseball Hall of Fame inductee, Rod Dedeaux . The group organized an IBAF congress

1173-509: The IOC vote of August 2009 kept baseball off the 2016 program, as golf and rugby were selected. In February 2011, Dr. Harvey Schiller was appointed as a member of the IOC's Women and Sport Commission. On April 1, 2011, the IBAF, under first-year President Riccardo Fraccari , and the International Softball Federation announced that they were studying how to prepare a joint proposal in order to revive play of both sports at

1224-423: The ISF qualifies teams for Olympic softball competition in coordination with the IOC. The ISF provides the official playing rules for international competition including: Olympic Games, world championships, regional championships, regional games and other sanctioned competitions. As part of a campaign to return softball to the Olympic Games in time for 2020 , in April 2013, the ISF began a process of merging with

1275-728: The Model School, where American Indian boarding schools students demonstrated their successful assimilation . The sporting event itself took place with the participation of about 100 paid indigenous men (no women participated in Anthropology Days, though some, notably the Fort Shaw Indian School girls basketball team, did compete in other athletic events at the LPE). Contests included "baseball throwing, shot put, running, broad jumping, weight lifting, pole climbing, and tugs-of-war before

1326-733: The Summer Games that had been scheduled to take place in Tokyo in 1940 and in London in 1944, thereby halting baseball's tour as a demonstration sport. Nevertheless, by 1950, FIBA was able to expand the format of the Baseball World Cup that was contested in Managua, Nicaragua , to 12 participating countries. In 1951, the Pan American Games were established and baseball was on the official program from

1377-465: The United States each won two swimming gold medals. Galt Football Club from Canada won the gold medal in football . The organizers of the World's Fair held " Anthropology Days " on August 12 and 13. Since the 1889 Paris Exposition , human zoos , as a key feature of world's fairs, functioned as demonstrations of anthropological notions of race, progress, and civilization. These goals were followed also at

1428-574: The United States who had not yet been granted U.S. citizenship . In July 2021, the IOC accepted the recommendations of Olympic historian Bill Mallon , and adjusted their database with regard to the following cases: The IOC also counted one gold, one silver, and two bronze medals won by the American fencer Albertson Van Zo Post for Cuba instead of the United States: the IOC also showed Charles Tatham as Cuban for individual fencing events and American for

1479-541: The WBSC's umbrella is to organize, standardize and sanction international competitions, using the WBSC name, among baseball's 124 national governing bodies through its various tournaments to determine a world champion and calculate world rankings for both men's and women's baseball. Its offices are housed within the WBSC headquarters in Lausanne , Switzerland—the Olympic Capital. The first-ever international baseball event

1530-583: The backing of MLB Commissioner Bowie Kuhn , pushed International Olympic Committee head Lord Killanin to include baseball at the Olympics. However, Killanin told him it would not occur as long as baseball was represented by two different organizations. The FEMBA-FIBA split was resolved in 1976 thanks to the mediation of Mexican Olympic Committee president Mario Vázquez Raña ; FIBA was reorganized as AINBA (Spanish: Asociación Internacional de Béisbol Amateur ), with Manuel González Guerra elected president and Carlos García Solórzano vice president. In 1978,

1581-598: The first time in 1970 . Isa's tenure as president was controversial. Some federations felt that power had been concentrated in the hands of the Latin American federations for too long, to the detriment of federations in Europe and North America. Tensions came to a head at the 1973 FIBA Congress, where the Congress suspended Nicaragua and awarded the 1973 Amateur World Series to Cuba; Isa also refused to call for new elections. As

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1632-549: The following year in Los Angeles in order to establish an Olympic Baseball Committee. Through these efforts, baseball was again categorized as a demonstration sport and an eight-team tournament was organized at Dodger Stadium , as part of the official Summer Olympic Programme. The present IBAF President, Riccardo Fraccari, was the head umpire of the championship game. A third branch of the IBAF continental confederations formed in 1985. The Pan American Baseball Confederation (COPABE)

1683-554: The gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece. On July 7, 2005, the IOC Session voted to remove baseball and softball from the 2012 Summer Olympics program. Baseball made its last Olympic appearance and Korea took the gold medal at the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics . The IBAF, under President Harvey Schiller , attempted to reinstate baseball onto the Olympic Programme, but

1734-409: The judges gave them both an extra throw to decide the winner. Sheridan won the decider and claimed the gold medal. Ray Ewry again won all three standing jumps. The team representing Great Britain was awarded a total of two medals, both won by Irish athletes. The top non-U.S. athlete was Emil Rausch of Germany , who won three swimming events. Zoltán Halmay of Hungary and Charles Daniels of

1785-563: The largest attendance for any single baseball game. (The record lasted over 50 years before it was broken at a March 29, 2008 Major League Baseball exhibition game between the Boston Red Sox and Los Angeles Dodgers that drew 115,300 people to the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum .) Baseball as an Olympic demonstration sport was finally able to take its act to Asia at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, where baseball

1836-465: The modern Olympic movement, then intervened and awarded the Games to St. Louis. Boxing , dumbbells , catch wrestling (which later became freestyle wrestling ), and the decathlon made their debuts. The swimming events were held in a temporary pond near Skinker and Wydown Boulevards, where "lifesaving demonstrations" of unsinkable lifeboats for ocean liners took place. One of the most remarkable athletes

1887-537: The national governing body for softball in their country. Nominees are considered by the ISF Hall of Fame Commission. Voting is conducted at the biennial ISF congress. The ISF is planning to build an ISF Hall of Fame & Museum at its world headquarters in Plant City, Florida , USA. For a list of recipients, see footnote The ISF Medal of Honor was first awarded in 1990. The ISF considers some dependent territories, such as

1938-559: The number of known competitors for each nation. Due to the difficulty of getting to St. Louis in 1904, and European tensions caused by the Russo-Japanese War , only 69–74 athletes from outside North America participated in the Olympics. Some sources also list athletes from the following nations as having competed at these Games: These are the nations that won medals at the 1904 Games. The nationalities of some medalists were disputed, as many American athletes were recent immigrants to

1989-559: The onset. In April 1953, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Spain came together to establish what is now known as the Confederation of European Baseball and organized the first ever European Baseball Championship a year later. The Baseball Federation of Asia (BFA) was founded in May 1954 as the second continental confederation under the umbrella of FIBA. The BFA wasted little time in organizing its first continental tournament, as it celebrated

2040-524: The representation of countries, coupled with the birth of the Baseball World Cup, provided the need for an institution to help develop, organize, regulate and oversee these events, thus the International Baseball Federation was established in 1938. It was initially headquartered in the offices of Orange Bowl Stadium in Miami , Florida . Conflicts of World War II prompted the IOC to cancel

2091-417: The same sport, aquatics . In July 2021 the IOC accepted the recommendation of Olympic historian Bill Mallon regarding which sports and events should be considered as Olympic. The number of events in each discipline is noted in parentheses. Boxing made its Olympic debut at the St. Louis Games. The sport has since featured at every Summer Olympics, except for the 1912 Stockholm Games . While wrestling made

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2142-411: Was a demonstration bout of women's boxing. Baseball is also noted by the World Baseball Softball Confederation to have appeared at the Games, though it does not appear in the list compiled by Olympic historian Bill Mallon and any results are not known. Five sports venues were used for the 1904 Summer Olympics. The venues included Glen Echo Country Club, the first golf course constructed west of

2193-480: Was a series of exhibition games that took place during the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis , United States. The exhibition proved so successful that it was given an encore at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm , Sweden. The two popular showings in St. Louis and Stockholm laid the groundwork for baseball's international surge in popularity, leading the sport to be placed onto the program as an exhibition sport at

2244-704: Was already exceptionally popular. Following the 1968 Summer Olympics , a selection of premier U.S. college players defeated the Cuba national team twice in Mexico City to win the International Amateur Baseball Tournament (though it was not officially a demonstration sport). Juan Isa expanded FIBA's reach to include Europe, inviting the Netherlands and Italy to the Amateur World Series for

2295-568: Was an invitational event and last held in 2010. The IBAF comprises five continental confederations that currently represent a total of 127 national member federations. (*) Aldo Notari died during the period as the president, thus the first vice president, Tom Peng of Taiwan, served as acting president from July 2006 to 2007. See also: Baseball awards of the International Baseball Fedederation (IBAF) 1904 Summer Olympics The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially

2346-532: Was done to make FIBA a real World Federation. On the contrary, the Caribbean FIBA leaders kept to their policy of dominating the others and administration was almost non-existent. Under FEMBA, the first Intercontinental Cup was organized in 1973 ; another would follow in 1975. FEMBA also organized its own 1973 Amateur World Series in Nicaragua , to compete with the one being held by FIBA in Cuba. Fehring, with

2397-528: Was finally established after it was deemed necessary due to the strong expansion and increase of the national member federations stemming from the Olympic Baseball Committee campaign. In 1986, a historic IOC vote put baseball onto the Olympic Programme as a medal sport for the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona , Spain. Baseball would travel to Seoul , Korea, for the 1988 Summer Olympics . This

2448-585: Was introduced at the 1904 Olympics. Chicago, Illinois , initially won the bid to host the 1904 Summer Olympics, but the organizers of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis opposed the scheduling of another international event for the same time frame in a different city, perceiving such a prospect as a competitive threat that would divert potential attendees and the revenues that they would bring. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition's organizers responded by developing plans for including large-scale international sports activities in their own event, informing

2499-402: Was played in Taipei from July 8 to 17, 2011. Taiwan won the first title. In addition, the IBAF is the sanctioning body for the World Baseball Classic , which is hosted by Major League Baseball and the Major League Baseball Players Association and held every four years in the year after the Summer Olympics. The IBAF abandoned its former world championship, the Baseball World Cup , after

2550-406: Was the American gymnast George Eyser , who won six medals even though his left leg was made of wood, and Frank Kugler won four medals in freestyle wrestling, weightlifting and tug of war, making him the only competitor to win a medal in three different sports at the same Olympic Games. Chicago runner James Lightbody won the steeplechase and the 800 m and then set a natural world record in

2601-417: Was the final time the IBAF, in conjunction with the IOC, would organize baseball as a demonstration (not medal) sport at the Olympics. In 1989, the Baseball Confederation of Oceania (BCO) was established as the 4th branch of the IBAF. The African Baseball and Softball Association (ABSA) was formed in Lagos , Nigeria soon after, in June 1990. Baseball was played up in a traditional amateur format up until

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