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44-462: The Innviertel is the northwestern quarter of Upper Austria and includes the districts Braunau am Inn , Ried im Innkreis and Schärding . Since the formation of the political districts in 1868, the quarters in Upper Austria no longer have a legal basis and are purely regional names. The older Habsburg districts ( Kreise ), which were still based on the old quarters, were superseded. Unlike

88-503: A long time. Linguistically, despite the extensive adoption of Austrian standard vocabulary, the dialect characteristics of West Central Bavarian were retained in the Innviertel; which mainly consist of a large number of vocalization features typical of the region (e.g. the word milk, in the Innviertel referred to as Milli or Muich , is mostly known as Müch in the rest of Austria), has survived to this day (compare Bavarian language ). In

132-579: A million refugees . The Soviet and American armies occupied Upper Austria as hundreds of thousands of people fled from both sides of the land front. The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the state was 65.9 billion € in 2018, accounting for 17.1% of the Austria's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 39,500 € or 131% of the EU27 average in the same year. The Upper Austrian state constitution defines Upper Austria as an independent state of

176-465: A permanent settlement. In 1164, Duke Henry the Lion took possession of the castle. The Wittelsbachs took possession of the castle in 1180 and the surrounding valley settlements in 1229. The conferral of town status was presumed at some point, but is not supported by sources. Starting in 1255, after the first division of Bavaria , Burghausen gained political and economic prominence as the second residence of

220-626: A region of the Duchy of Bavaria . In the mid-13th century, it became known as the Principality above the Enns River ( Fürstentum ob der Enns ), this name being first recorded in 1264. (At the time, the term "Upper Austria" also included Tyrol and various scattered Habsburg possessions in southern Germany.) In 1490, the area was given a measure of independence within the Holy Roman Empire , with

264-734: A revolt against imperial Habsburg oppression. This was an early occurrence of a parliamentary system in the Holy Roman Empire . Only after the War of the Bavarian Succession was the area separated from the Electorate of Bavaria . The trigger for the war was the death of the childless Bavarian elector, Maximilian III Joseph (1745–1777). On his death the Bavarian line of the Wittelsbachs died out. A number of Central European powers laid claim to parts of

308-410: A separate "Regional Implementation Commission" ( Landes-Einrichtungskommission ) under the direction of Baron Franz Xaver Pockensteiner von Wolffenbach, since the Innviertel had not been an administrative unit until then, but had been administered from Burghausen which was still Bavarian. When the reforms by Emperor Joseph II were intensified by the introduction of new church and school rules in 1795,

352-462: A strong presence, for example in the Innviertel . [REDACTED] Administratively, the state is divided into 15 districts ( Bezirke ), three Statutarstädte and 438 municipalities. Historically, Upper Austria was traditionally divided into four regions: Hausruckviertel , Innviertel , Mühlviertel , and Traunviertel . Burghausen, Alt%C3%B6tting Burghausen is the largest town in

396-426: Is Austria 's leading industrial region. As of 2009, it accounted for approximately a quarter of the country's exports. As of January 1, 2021, 1,495,608 people resided in the state, of which 107,318 (7.17 percent) were European Union / European Economic Area / Switzerland / UK citizens and 96,623 (6.46 percent) were third-country nationals. The majority of Upper Austrians are Christian . In 2001, 79.4 percent of

440-552: Is Linz . Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic , as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria , Styria , and Salzburg . With an area of 11,982 km (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population. For a long period of the Middle Ages, much of what would become Upper Austria constituted Traungau ,

484-472: Is a term for the Hausruckviertel or for Upper Austria in general) at the level of the young farmers' clubs ( Innviertler Zeche ). From that time, locally-recognised sayings and declarations of war stem such as Wenn d’ Innviertler keman, hoasts umirucka! ("When the Innviertel folk come, it's time to go home!"). A certain local rivalry has emerged in the last few years, even in institutional circles such as in

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528-499: The Alpine foothills , the rural Innviertel is approximately 2,250 km (870 sq mi) in area and comprises the broad Inn valley, which is largely flat and fertile, and the adjacent undulating landscape in the east, which is rich in granite in the north and coal . From the 6th century, most of the Innviertel , with its ducal courts at Ranshofen and Mattighofen, was part of

572-619: The Altötting district of Upper Bavaria in Germany . It is situated on the Salzach river, near the border with Austria . Burghausen Castle rests along a ridgeline, and is the longest castle in the world (1,051 m). The oldest mention of Burghausen is documented in the year 1025 as Imperial real property . Emperor Conrad II would later appoint the Counts of Burghausen as the financial administrators of

616-558: The Lower Bavarian dukes. Burghausen's main source of income was the trade in salt from Hallein , (modern-day Austria). The salt was brought ashore in Burghausen and transported further overland. The landing spot was at the Mautner castle, which now houses the city's education and cultural centre. In 1307, the pre-existing local law was codified as municipal law , and in the first half of

660-672: The Nazi dictator , who had been born in the Upper Austrian town of Braunau am Inn and raised in Upper Austria, Upper Austria became Reichsgau Oberdonau , although this also included the southern part of the Sudetenland, annexed from Czechoslovakia, and a small part of Styria. In 1945, Upper Austria was partitioned between the American zone to the south and the Soviet zone to the north. Today Upper Austria

704-457: The 14th century, Emperor Louis IV granted the town further important privileges. By the end of the 14th century, Burghausen had become an administrative center as the site of the area's revenue office . Under the last three Lower Bavarian dukes, Henry XVI the Rich (1393–1450), Louis IX the Rich (1450–1479) and George the Rich , (1479–1503), Burghausen experienced an expansion and golden age as

748-410: The 20th, Burghausen had become an impoverished provincial town with barely 2,500 inhabitants. However, an economic upturn began in 1915 with the establishment of Wacker Chemical Enterprises, Inc: The main sight of Burghausen besides Burghausen Castle is the picturesque Old Town in southern Inn-Salzach style. The parish church St. Jakob was consecrated in 1140, reconstructed after a fire in 1353 but

792-505: The Austrian occupation in 1705 and 1706. However, after its transfer to Austria in 1779, no broader resistance formed. For example, Franz Stelzhamer promoted mutual nationality in his prosaic work “Dá Soldatnvödá” and was considered an Upper Austrian "national poet" from the 19th century even though he came from the Innviertel. Nonetheless, up to the 20th century there were disputes between groups from Innviertel and so-called "Landlers" ("Landl"

836-862: The Bavarian Lower Danube Circle together with parts of the Hausruckviertel . In 1811, the parishes in this area were separated from the Diocese of Linz and assigned to the Bishopric of Passau . Only under the Munich Treaty did the Kingdom of Bavaria finally cede the Innviertel and other areas to the Empire of Austria on 1 May 1816. On 1 July 1816, the Diocese of Linz also took over the corresponding areas again from

880-552: The Bishopric of Passau. At the political level, the incorporation of the new territory into the Land ob der Enns ("Land above the Ems", now Upper Austria ) was carried through with a series of measures: oaths of allegiance were sworn by royal Bavarian officials and homage was paid by the Innviertel nobility to the new sovereign. More difficult was administrative integration, which was carried out by

924-402: The Innviertel in terms of area and inhabitants is Braunau am Inn with 17,438 inhabitants, followed by Ried im Innkreis (12,209). The town of Schärding with 5,216 inhabitants is well-known as a tourist centre because of its baroque town centre. The name Innviertel for the region dates from after its incorporation into Austria in 1779; before then, it was part of Bavaria and its name

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968-453: The Innviertel is also reflected in the "capital city debate", which was kicked off by the Mayor of Ried, Albert Ortig, during the 2009 election campaign and in which he declared the town of Ried to be the capital of the Innviertel and thus provoked the politicians of Braunau. Despite all of those circumstances, the inhabitants of the Innviertel identify far more with their region today than those in

1012-762: The Mattiggau region of the German stem duchy of Bavaria , the northern part belonging to the Rottach gau . In 1507, Innbaiern became part of the Rentamt  [ de ] of Burghausen with its courts at Wildshut (merged with the Mattighofen District Court), Braunau , Mauerkirchen , Friedburg , Schärding and Ried . The Mondsee area in south Bavaria was lost to the Habsburgs as early as 1506. Administered from

1056-595: The democratic Republic of Austria. In its constitution, Upper Austria also declares its support for a united Europe that is committed to democratic, constitutional, social and federal principles as well as the principle of subsidiarity, preserves the autonomy of the regions and ensures their participation in European decision-making. In its regional constitution, Upper Austria defines its position in Europe as an independent, future-oriented and self-confident region that participates in

1100-412: The dome of the spire was created only in 1778/81. The ancient Regierungsgebäude (former Government Building) was built in the 16th century with three decorative Renaissance-turrets. The Townhall with its Neo-classical facade originates already from the 14th and 15th century. These buildings are all situated at Burghausen's grand central square Stadtplatz , same as the baroque Guardian Angel Church . To

1144-572: The early 17th century. The Innviertel was ceded from the Electorate of Bavaria to Upper Austria in the Treaty of Teschen in 1779. During the Napoleonic Wars , Upper Austria was occupied by the French army on more than one occasion. In 1918 after the collapse of Austria-Hungary , the name Oberösterreich was used to describe the province of the new Austria. After Austria was annexed by Adolf Hitler ,

1188-580: The further development of a united Europe. Like Styria, Upper Austria is a swing state that usually has a signal character in nationwide elections. The conservative Austrian People's Party dominates in rural areas, the Social Democratic Party of Austria has its strongholds in the cities of Linz , Wels and Steyr or in the Attnang-Puchheim railroad junction , but the right-wing populist Freedom Party of Austria has also traditionally had

1232-472: The inadequately -developed road link to the nearby city of Salzburg to which the upper Innviertel (Braunau district and the southwestern parts of Ried district) is oriented. Nevertheless, the Vienna-Linz-Munich link is an important transport route. As the urban centre of the lower Innviertel (Schärding District, northeastern parts of Ried district), Passau plays a major role. A perceived independence of

1276-517: The inheritance, including, first and foremost, Austria with its demands for the cession of Lower Bavaria and the Upper Palatinate . With the ratification of the Treaty of Teschen , which ended the War of the Bavarian Succession, the Innviertel became part of Upper Austria in 1779. Thanks to the Treaty of Schönbrunn in 1809, Bavaria took possession of the Innviertel again in 1810. It was assigned to

1320-498: The languages spoken in adjacent Lower Bavaria . Innviertel is the birthplace of Franz Xaver Gruber , composer of Silent Night , opera singer Franz Xaver Gerl , the Schwanthaler family of Baroque sculptors, SS general and war criminal Ernst Kaltenbrunner , beatified conscientious objector Franz Jägerstätter , and physicist Anton Zeilinger . Both Adolf Hitler and the diplomat Egon Ranshofen-Wertheimer were born in

1364-455: The locality. But, as latest excavations have shown, the area around the main court of Burghausen's castle has at least been inhabited since the Bronze Age . With Archaeologists finding artifacts of the pre-metal Celtic , Iron Age , and Roman era, it is hard to pinpoint a "founding" date. The town has developed over thousands of years, but it is not yet possible to say how long there has been

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1408-649: The north of this square is the former Jesuit church St.Joseph (1630/31), to the south the Holy Spirit Church (1325/30) which was altered during the Baroque. Above the Old Town sprawls the gothic Burghausen Castle . The Wöhrsee lake is located between the Old Town and the castle. The baroque pilgrimage church St. Maria Himmelfahrt is situated in Marienberg a little distance to the southwest of Burghausen, not far away from

1452-543: The people still belonged to the Roman Catholic church , about 4.4% were members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church , 4.0 percent were Muslims , and 8.8 percent were of no confession. By the end of 2020, the proportion of Catholics had fallen to 62 percent, while the corresponding proportion of Protestants was about 3.1 percent of the Upper Austrian population. After World War II , Upper Austria received

1496-408: The population in the parish of St. Georgen gathered signatures at secret gatherings. The higher drinks taxes, which forced breweries to close, also aroused the resentment of the population. So the residents of Innbaiern were not very content with their new situation and the cry "Better to die Bavarian than suffer imperial ruin!" ( Lieber bayrisch sterben als kaiserlich verderben! ) was in circulation for

1540-509: The remaining quarters of Upper Austria. They, with the exception of the Mühlviertel, which is bordered by the Danube, deviate to some extent geographically from the modern district boundaries. Today the Innviertel has about 215,000 people in its towns, villages and hamlets. Its Bavarian roots show in the local German dialect, Innviertlerisch , a Western Central Austro-Bavarian variant similar to

1584-477: The rest of Upper Austria, most of the area was part of Duchy and, later, Electorate of Bavaria until the 1779 Treaty of Teschen . It is a fertile, densely populated, flat to hilly landscape that is part of the Alpine foothills and lies between the rivers Salzach , Inn , Danube and the Hausruck hills. The Innviertel covers an area of around 2250 km and its population is just under 218,000. The largest city in

1628-482: The second capital of the duchy Bavaria-Landshut . In 1505, after the Landshut War of Succession , Burghausen was one of the four Stewardships in reorganized Bavaria. The income from the salt trade was lost in 1594 because of the establishment of the ducal salt monopoly. Following this, Burghausen experienced more than 300 years of administrative and commercial decline: By the end of the 19th century and beginning of

1672-539: The status of a principality . By 1550, there was a Protestant majority. In 1564, Upper Austria, together with Lower Austria and the Bohemian territories , fell under Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II . At the start of the 17th century, the Counter-Reformation was instituted under Emperor Rudolf II and his successor Matthias . After a military campaign, the area was under the control of Bavaria for some years in

1716-474: The tourist sector, from the Grieskirchen district to the Innviertel and, further east, to the state capital of Linz . It is primarily expressed in sporting competitions and political and public debates about the disadvantages of the Innviertel compared to the more central regions of Upper Austria, which at times dominate reporting in the local media. One of those political points of contention for years has been

1760-472: The town of Braunau am Inn on the German border. 48°18′N 13°24′E  /  48.300°N 13.400°E  / 48.300; 13.400 Upper Austria Upper Austria ( German : Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ; Bavarian : Obaöstareich ; Czech : Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ] ) is one of the nine states or Länder of Austria . Its capital

1804-637: The town of Burghausen , the lands beyond the Inn river for centuries had two important roles: strategically as an eastern defence line against the rising Archduchy of Austria , and economically as arable land for crop farming . During the Bavarian uprising of 1705–1706 against the occupation by the Habsburg Emperor Joseph I , Braunau was the seat of the short-lived Bavarian State Defence Congress (December 1705), or " Braunau Parliament ", which called for

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1848-604: The west the language changes gradually over into the West Central Bavarian dialects. In the architecture of the towns, the colourfully decorated house facades of the Inn-Salzach Style are reminiscent of the Bavarian tradition. The first Bavarian-Upper Austrian regional exhibition took place in 2004 in Passau , Asbach , Reichersberg and Schärding. The Innviertel was the centre of the violent Bavarian uprising against

1892-554: Was Innbaiern ("Inn-Bavaria"). In 1779, when the region was incorporated into Austria – specifically into the Archduchy of Österreich ob der Enns ("Austria above the Enns "), the precursor of today's state of Upper Austria – the newly-acquired area was initially referred to as the Fünfte Viertel ("Fifth Quarter") as the Archduchy had been previously divided into four quarters. It

1936-534: Was only after the amalgamation of the historical Mühlviertel and Machlandviertel  [ de ] into the modern Mühlviertel that the area became known as the Innviertel . The quarter spans the Austrian political districts of Schärding , Ried im Innkreis and Braunau am Inn . Major towns in Innviertel include the district capitals Braunau am Inn , Ried im Innkreis and Schärding as well as Mattighofen and Altheim . Located within

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