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27-475: The society was founded at the University of Nebraska on April 24, 1903, through the efforts of notable University of Nebraska alumni, including George Condra and Roscoe Pound , a famous legal scholar who would later become dean at Harvard Law School . Pound and Condra drew on medieval customs of knighthood, as well as papal traditions, in forming the ritual and heraldry of the society. During their early years,

54-419: A local domestic abuse shelter. The 2008-2009 Innocents coordinated iVan (Innocents Volunteer Across Nebraska), a service trip across the state of Nebraska. The 104th Class of Innocents went on the road, stopping at 13 towns over four days and completed a service project in each town. The service projects included painting rooms at an alcohol rehabilitation center, park beautification, presenting to students about

81-449: A significant contribution to jurisprudence in the tradition of sociological jurisprudence , which emphasized the importance of social relationships in the development of law and vice versa. His best-known theory consists of conceptualizing law as social engineering . According to Pound, a lawmaker acts as a social engineer by attempting to solve problems in society using law as a tool. Pound argued that laws must be understood by examining

108-477: Is Mephistopheles ' head above crossed tridents . Mephistopheles represents the evil the society seeks to overcome. Thirteen members of the junior class are selected for membership in the society each spring. Roscoe Pound Nathan Roscoe Pound (October 27, 1870 – June 28, 1964) was an American legal scholar and educator. He served as dean of the University of Nebraska College of Law from 1903 to 1911 and

135-563: The Grand Lodge of Massachusetts in 1915 and delivered a series of Masonic lectures for the Grand Lodge in March and April 1916. He helped found The Harvard Lodge A.F. & A.M. along with Divinity School professor Kirsopp Lake and others. In 1946, Pound helped the 22-year-old Charlie Munger , later a successful businessman and investor, to get into Harvard Law school . Pound was inducted into

162-483: The Nebraska Hall of Fame in 1976. The Journal of Legal Studies The Journal of Legal Studies is a law journal published by the University of Chicago Press focusing on interdisciplinary academic research in law and legal institutions. It emphasizes social science approaches, especially those of economics , political science , and psychology . The journal was established in 1972. Richard Posner

189-493: The U.S. Supreme Court 's "liberty of contract" ( freedom of contract ) line of cases, symbolized by Lochner v. New York (1905), and one of the early leaders of the movement for American Legal Realism , which argued for a more pragmatic and public-interested interpretation of law and a focus on how the legal process actually occurred, as opposed to (in his view) the arid legal formalism which prevailed in American jurisprudence at

216-530: The "interests" that they serve. These "interests" might be individual interests, such as the protection of an individual's life or property, or broader social interests. In 1903, Pound co-founded the Society of Innocents , the preeminent senior honor society at Nebraska. He was a Freemason and was a member and Past Master of Lancaster Lodge No. 54 AF & AM in Lincoln, Nebraska. He also served as Deputy Grand Master for

243-492: The '70s. The '80s brought renewed spirit to the Innocents, and although the Innocents today no longer coordinate Dandelion Day or choose members of the spirit squad, they still carry on many of the traditions set forth by their founders. The Innocents of 2005-2006 sponsored a fundraiser for a local nonprofit organization, raising $ 10,000. The Innocents of 2007-2008 continued this philanthropic tradition by raising more than $ 14,000 for

270-755: The Common Law in 1921, Law and Morals in 1924, and Criminal Justice in America in 1930. In 1908 he was part of the founding editorial staff of the first comparative law journal in the United States, the Annual Bulletin of the Comparative Law Bureau of the American Bar Association . In 1909, he taught at the University of Chicago Law School . Although it is not often remembered now, Pound

297-610: The Innocents Society selected the UNL cheerleaders, supervised an annual Olympics between the freshmen and sophomores, and planned Dandelion Day and Fete Day. Another tradition that started was that of the Victory Bell exchange. A bell was stolen from a Seward, Neb. church in 1892 by members of Delta Tau Delta and Phi Delta Theta fraternities. For years, the fraternities competed in athletic and scholastic competitions for possession of

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324-663: The New Deal years. In 1929 President Herbert Hoover appointed Pound as one of the eleven primary members of the Wickersham Commission on issues relating to law enforcement, criminal activity, police brutality , and Prohibition . During Roosevelt's first term, Pound initially supported the New Deal . In 1937, however, Pound turned against the New Deal and the Legal Realism movement altogether after Roosevelt proposed packing

351-642: The University of Berlin, presented by the German ambassador to the United States. Pound was among the famous American jurists to express a liking for Adolf Hitler . In the 1940s, Pound was apparently favourably disposed to replacing John P. Higgins as a judge on the International Military Tribunal for the Far East , which was conducting a war crimes trial in Tokyo, though an appointment did not eventuate. He

378-458: The University of Colorado was coordinated. The head of a buffalo was mounted for a mere $ 20 and named 'Mr. Chips'. Mr. Chips was then given to the winner of the annual Nebraska vs. Colorado football game. Unfortunately, in 1962 Mr. Chips somehow got misplaced by members of Colorado's Heart and Dagger Society , and the tradition was not continued. The Innocents of these years were quite the mischievous group, but many of these antics died down during

405-643: The bar without a law degree. He received the first PhD in botany from the University of Nebraska in 1898. From 1899 to 1907, he taught law on the faculty of the University of Nebraska law school. In 1903, Pound became dean of the University of Nebraska College of Law . He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1911. That same year, he began teaching at Harvard and in 1916 became dean of Harvard Law School and served in that role until 1937. He wrote "Spurious Interpretation" in 1907, Outlines of Lectures on Jurisprudence in 1914, The Spirit of

432-510: The bell. However, in 1926 it was suggested that an award for the winner of the Nebraska - Missouri football game be established. It was decided that the bell be awarded to the winner, and it was engraved with an "M" on one side and an "N" on the other. The bell tradition ceased with the University of Nebraska's entrance to the Big Ten Conference, making the 106th class of the Innocents Society

459-518: The federal courts and bringing independent agencies into the executive branch . Other factors contributing to this "lurking conservatism" within Pound included bitter battles with liberals on the Harvard law faculty, the death of his wife, and a sharp exchange with Karl Llewellyn . Pound, however, had for years been an outspoken advocate of these court and administrative reforms that Roosevelt proposed and it

486-454: The importance of serving the community, canned food drives, litter pick up, and assisting with the restoration of a town auditorium. This tradition has been carried on since the 104th class, marking a new annual tradition for the Innocents Society. The society was named for the 13 Popes named Innocent, who have historically stood as champions against evil. The badge of the Society of Innocents

513-467: The last to trade (and keep) what had become one of the oldest college rivalry trophies in collegiate football. In 2011, the 107th class of the Innocents Society began a new trophy exchange with the University of Iowa. During the '40s and '50s, the Innocents coordinated freshmen beanie sales and would wear identical jackets one day each week. Like the Missouri Bell exchange, at this time an exchange with

540-427: The month, the total amount of space given over to crime was 925in., but in the second half, it leapt to 6642in. This was despite the fact that the number of crimes reported had increased only from 345 to 363. They concluded that although the city's much publicized "crime wave" was largely fictitious and manufactured by the press, the coverage had a very real consequence for the administration of criminal justice. Because

567-445: The public believed they were in the middle of a crime epidemic, they demanded an immediate response from the police and the city authorities. The agencies, wishing to retain public support, complied, caring "more to satisfy popular demand than to be observant of the tried process of law." The result was a greatly increased likelihood of miscarriages of justice and sentences more severe than the offenses warranted. Roscoe Pound also made

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594-419: The time. According to Pound, these jurisprudential movements advocated "the adjustment of principles and doctrines to the human conditions they are to govern rather than to assumed first principles." While Pound was dean, law school registration almost doubled, but his standards were so rigorous that one-third of those matriculated did not receive degrees. Among these were many of the great political innovators of

621-487: Was dean of Harvard Law School from 1916 to 1936. He was a member of Northwestern University , the University of Chicago Law School and the faculty at UCLA School of Law in the school's early years, from 1949 to 1952. The Journal of Legal Studies has identified Pound as one of the most cited legal scholars of the 20th century. Pound was born in Lincoln, Nebraska , to Stephen Bosworth Pound and Laura Pound. His sister

648-415: Was a Roman law scholar. He taught that subject at Nebraska, Northwestern and Harvard. Pound was sufficiently adept at Latin to translate Roman law into English for a sourcebook he used for those classes, and he was said by Professor Joseph Henry Beale to have "brought the spirit of Roman law to Harvard." Pound was also the founder of the movement for " sociological jurisprudence ," an influential critic of

675-483: Was acknowledged that he only became conservative because he saw an opportunity to gain attention after his Harvard colleagues had turned on his ideas of government reform after Roosevelt had proposed them. In 1937 Pound resigned as Dean of Harvard Law School to become a University Professor and soon became a leading critic of the legal realists. He proposed his ideas of government reform to Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek . In 1934 Pound received an honorary degree from

702-536: Was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1940. He joined the faculty of UCLA School of Law in 1949, the year the law school opened, and remained on the faculty until 1952. In 1922 Roscoe Pound and Felix Frankfurter undertook a detailed quantitative study of crime reporting in Cleveland newspapers for the month of January 1919, using column inch counts. They found that in the first half of

729-483: Was the noted linguist and folklorist, Louise Pound . Pound studied botany at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, where he became a member of the Chi Phi Fraternity . He received his bachelor's degree in 1888 and his master's degree in 1889. In 1889 he began the study of law; he spent one year at Harvard but never received a law degree. Following his year at Harvard, he returned to Nebraska where he passed

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