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103-514: The company is present all over Brazil and employs approximately 23,000 employees and subcontracted workers nationwide. It is headquartered in the Infraero Building, in Brasília , Federal District . The company implements a workplan which covers practically all airports managed by it and which generates over 50 thousand jobs all over Brazil. The Brazilian airport infrastructure, which may match to

206-449: A marina , and hosts wakeboarders and windsurfers . Diving can also be practiced and one of the main attractions is Vila Amaury, an old village submerged in the lake. This is where the first construction workers of Brasilia used to live. Brasilia has a tropical savanna climate ( Aw , according to the Köppen climate classification ), milder due to the elevation and with two distinct seasons:

309-517: A consistent 22 °C (72 °F). With 253.1 mm (10.0 in), November is the month with the highest rainfall of the year, while July is the lowest, with only 1.5 mm (0.1 in). During the dry season, the city can have very low relative humidity levels, often below 30%. According to the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) , the record low temperature was 1.6 °C (34.9 °F) on 18 July 1975, and

412-608: A cross-axial design indicating the possession and conquest of this new place with a cross, often likened to a dragonfly, an airplane or a bird. Costa's plan included two principal components, the Monumental Axis (east to west) and the Residential Axis (north to south). The Monumental Axis was assigned political and administrative activities, and is considered the body of the city with the style and simplicity of its buildings, oversized scales, and broad vistas and heights, producing

515-556: A cultural space and shopping centre. Built between 1835 and 1855, the Malakoff Tower , a monument constructed in Tunisian / Arabic style , used to be an observatory and now is a cultural centre and a place for popular gatherings. It is located at Arsenal da Marinha Square. It has been registered as an Historical Patrimony and was named after a similar monument on the Crimean peninsula, off

618-525: A foreign population of mostly embassy workers as well as large numbers of Brazilian internal migrants . Today, the city has important communities of immigrants and refugees. The city's Human Development Index was 0.936 in 2000 ( developed level), and the city's literacy rate was around 95.65%. Christianity is by far the most prevalent religion in Brasília, with Roman Catholicism being the largest denomination. Source: IBGE 2010. Brasília does not have

721-496: A list evaluating some of its most important airports according to its saturation levels. On 31 August 2009 Infraero unveiled an ambitious BRL5.3 billion (US$ 2.8 billion; EUR2.0 billion) investment plan to upgrade airports of ten cities focusing mainly the preparations for the 2014 FIFA World Cup which was held in Brazil, and for the 2016 Summer Olympics , which was held in Rio de Janeiro . Of

824-638: A major tourist site within the Brazilian Northeast, known for the city itself, its beaches and for its historical sites, with many places of significance dating back to both the Portuguese and the Dutch colonies in the region. The beach of Porto de Galinhas , located 60 kilometers (37 mi) south of the city, has been repeatedly awarded the title of best beach in Brazil and has drawn many tourists. The Historic Centre of Olinda , 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) north of

927-528: A mayor or councillors, because article 32 of the Constitution of Brazil expressly prohibits the Federal District being divided into municipalities . The Federal District is a legal entity of internal public law , which is part of the political-administrative structure of Brazil of a sui generis nature, because it is neither a state nor a municipality , but rather a special entity that incorporates

1030-539: A space where individuals are oppressed and alienated to a form of spatial segregation. One of the main objectives of the plan was to allow the free flow of automobile traffic, the plan included lanes of traffic in a north–south direction (seven for each direction) for the Monumental Axis and three arterials (the W3, the Eixo and the L2) for the residential Axis; the cul-de-sac access roads of

1133-448: A tropical forest. Rainforests are characterised by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between 2,000 millimetres (79 in) and 1,700 millimetres (67 in). The soil can be poor because high rainfall tends to leach out soluble nutrients. There are several common characteristics of tropical rainforest trees. The city of Recife is formed by three islands (Recife, Santo Antônio, and Boa Vista). Between

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1236-514: Is November, when maximum temperatures hover around 30 °C (86 °F) and an average of 39 mm (1.5 in) of rain is recorded. The Recife metropolitan area is the 5th most populous of Brazil, after São Paulo , Rio de Janeiro , Belo Horizonte and Porto Alegre , and the first in the Northeast region . The most populous neighborhoods of Recife in 2008 were Boa Viagem (100,388), Casa Amarela (69,134), and Várzea (64,512). According to

1339-570: Is a unique example of modernism both as a guideline for architectural design but also as a principle for organizing society. Modernism in Brasilia is explored in James Holston's book, The Modernist City . Juscelino Kubitschek , president of Brazil from 1956 to 1961, ordered Brasilia's construction, fulfilling the promise of the Constitution and his own political campaign promise. Building Brasilia

1442-537: Is an important economic center. In 2018, it has the third highest GDP of cities in Brazil, R$ 254 billion reais, representing 3.6% of the total Brazilian GDP. Most economic activity in the federal capital results from its administrative function. Its industrial planning is studied carefully by the Government of the Federal District. Being a city registered by UNESCO , the government in Brasilia has opted to encourage

1545-456: Is considered by IBGE to make up Brasília's city area, and the local government considers the entirety of the district plus 12 neighboring municipalities in the state of Goiás to be its metropolitan area . The term Brasília comes from the Latin translation of Brazil, which was suggested as a name for the country's capital in 1821 by José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva . Brazil's first capital

1648-549: Is considered. The Mercado de São José (Market of Saint Joseph) is an old, iron construction with a popular market nearby. In the Fort Cinco Pontes (Fort of Five Points) is the state museum, Museu do Estado de Pernambuco. At the rectangular Pátio de São Pedro are the Cathedral São Pedro (Cathedral of Saint Peter) dating from the year 1782 and restored colonial houses, with numerous restaurants, bistros and bars. In

1751-665: Is constituted, but Brazil does not have any territories. Therefore, the Court of Justice of the Federal District and of the Territories only serves the Federal District. Part of the budget of the Federal District Government comes from the Constitutional Fund of the Federal District. In 2012, the fund totaled 9.6 billion reais. By 2015, the forecast is 12.4 billion reais, of which more than half (6.4 billion)

1854-491: Is located, has a GDP of R$ 133,4 billion (about US$ 64.1 billion), about the same as Belarus according to The Economist . Its share of the total Brazilian GDP is about 3.8%. The Federal District has the largest GDP per capita income of Brazil US$ 25,062, slightly higher than Belarus. The city's planned design included specific areas for almost everything, including accommodation , Hotels Sectors North and South. New hotel facilities are being developed elsewhere, such as

1957-468: Is represented by the Legislative Chamber of the Federal District , whose nomenclature includes a mixture of legislative assembly (legislative power of the other units of the federation) and of municipal chamber (legislative of the municipalities). The Legislative Chamber is made up of 24 district deputies. The judicial power which serves the Federal District also serves federal territories as it

2060-512: Is spent on public security spending. Brasilia is twinned with: Of these, Abuja and Washington, D.C. were also cities specifically planned as the seat of government of their respective countries. Brasília is associated with several significant declarations in the international political and social field, including: The major roles of construction and of services (government, communications, banking and finance, food production, entertainment, and legal services) in Brasilia's economy reflect

2163-411: Is the third-busiest airport in Brazil . It was one of the main host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and hosted some of the football matches during the 2016 Summer Olympics ; it also hosted the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup . Laid out in the shape of an airplane, its "fuselage" is the Monumental Axis, a pair of wide avenues flanking a large park. In the "cockpit" is Praça dos Três Poderes, named for

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2266-486: The 2022 census , there were 1,488,920 people residing in the city of Recife. The census revealed the following numbers: 722,555 Pardo ( Multiracial ) people (48.5%), 578,413 White people (38.8%), 182,546 Black people (12.3%), 2,703 Asian people (0.2%), 2,656 Amerindian people (0.2%). In 2010, the center city of Recife was the 9th most populous city in Brazil. In 2010, the city had 268,160 opposite-sex couples and 1,004 same-sex couples . The gender proportion of

2369-690: The Black Sea , used as a defence centre for Sebastopol . Recife has a zoo known as the Dois Irmãos Park , consisting of 387 hectares of Atlantic Forest reserve and 14 hectares of botanical gardens . It contains 800 animals, the Natural Science Museum and various ecological trails. The metropolitan area has also a giant water park 20 km (12 mi) North of Recife, called Veneza water park which has nearly one million square feet of area, ten million litres of water and many water slides for

2472-518: The Dutch West India Company and was called Mauritsstad . The city was eventually recaptured by the Portuguese in 1654, following their victories at the first and second Battle of Guararapes . The Mascate War of 1710–1711 pitted merchants of Recife against those of nearby Olinda . Due to the city's proximity to the equator , Recife's weather is generally warm. It has a number of islands, rivers, waterways and bridges that crisscross

2575-408: The Federal District had surpassed 2,5 million. The city of Brasilia proper, the plano piloto was planned for about 500,000 inhabitants, a figure the plano piloto never surpassed, with a current population of only 214,529, but its metropolitan area within the Federal District has grown past this figure. From the beginning, the growth of Brasilia was greater than original estimates. According to

2678-515: The Galo da Madrugada , a party in Downtown Recife where people call old Recife, that attracts many people from several states of Brazil , and other parts of the world. Recife has many quality 3, 4 and 5-Star International Hotels as well as Pousadas (traditional Bed & breakfast) and Apart-Hotels, totalling more than 11,500 bedrooms and this number increases to over 30,000 when the metropolitan area

2781-566: The Kingdom of Portugal with the machinery for an engenho (sugar mill), and with it, his brother-in-law established the first mill named Nossa Senhora da Ajuda (Our Lady of Help), in the floodplain of the Beberibe River at Recife. At that time the banks of the Capibaribe River were covered by sugar cane . Recife was capital of the 17th century New Holland (Dutch Brazil) established by

2884-633: The North and the Northeast Region of Brazil. It is the largest city in Pernambuco state, and the fourth-largest urban area in all of Brazil; the metro population of the city of Recife was 3,726,974 in 2022. Recife was founded in 1537, serving as the main harbor of the Captaincy of Pernambuco —known for its large-scale production of sugar cane . At one point, it was known as Mauritsstad , when it served as

2987-474: The Northeast region . In a 200-mile (320 km) radius from Recife are four state capitals , two international and three regional airports, five international ports , 12 million people, 51% of the research centers of the Northeast and 35% of the region's GDP. Similarly, in a 500-mile (800 km) radius there are seven state capitals, five international and five regional airports, nine international seaports and two fluvial ports. Shopping Center Recife

3090-589: The Prefeitura , led by a mayor ( Brazilian Portuguese : Prefeito /Prefeita ) and a legislative branch called the Câmara Municipal , consisting of 39 councillors. Elections are held every four years, with the most recent being held in 2020 . The current mayor is João Campos of the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB), son of former governor of Pernambuco, Eduardo Campos . The city is the capital of

3193-417: The northeast coast of South America . It was a settlement of colonial fishermen and way station for Portuguese sailors and passing ships. The first documented reference to the settlement with its " arrecife dos navios " (reef of the ships) was in the royal Charter Act of March 12, 1537, establishing Olinda , 6 kilometres (3.7 miles) to the north, as a village, with its port where the Beberibe River meets

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3296-458: The rainy season , from October to April, and the dry season , from May to September. The average temperature is 21.4 °C (70.5 °F). September, at the end of the dry season, has the highest average maximum temperature, 29.1 °C (84.4 °F), and July has major and minor lower maximum average temperature, of 25.6 °C (78.1 °F) and 13.9 °C (57.0 °F), respectively. Average temperatures from September through March are

3399-589: The state of Pernambuco , and hosts administrative buildings of the state governor , legislative assembly , and judiciary. Celebrations, holidays and other events are numerous throughout the year. The New Year begins at the beach, Praia de Boa Viagem and in Old Recife . The carnival of Recife and Olinda (which has its historic town centre considered a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982) begins many weeks ahead in December with innumerable balls and parades. In

3502-458: The 3 branches of government surrounding it. Brasília has a unique legal status, as it is an administrative region rather than a municipality like other cities in Brazil . The name "Brasília" is often used as a synonym for the Federal District as a whole, which is divided into 35 administrative regions , one of which (Plano Piloto) includes the area of the originally planned city and its federal government buildings. The entire Federal District

3605-529: The Algarves 1815–1822 [REDACTED] Empire of Brazil 1822–1889 [REDACTED] Republic of Brazil 1889–present Recife began as a collection of fishing shacks, inns and warehouses on the delta between the Capibaribe and Beberibe Rivers in the captaincy of Pernambuco , sometime between 1535 and 1537 in the earliest days of Portuguese colonisation of Terra de Santa Cruz , later called Brazil, on

3708-732: The Bairro Santo Antônio (Saint Anthony neighborhood), at the meeting place of the rivers Capibaribe and Beberibe, is the Praça da República (Square of the Republic) with the Teatro Santa Isabel (Theatre of Saint Isabel), with its neoclassical front, the Law Courts, and the Palácio da Justiça (Palace of Justice). The Casa da Cultura (House of Culture) is an old prison that has been converted into

3811-591: The Beberibe and Capibaribe rivers and their tributaries , the many additional unique, small islands—and more than 50 bridges linking them throughout the city—create a distinct maritime or "riviera" atmosphere, leading to Recife being known as the " Venice of Brazil ". As of 2010 , Recife has maintained the highest HDI of any state capital in Northeastern Brazil, and the second-highest of the entire Northern and Northeastern regions (second only to Palmas ). However,

3914-530: The Monumental axis provide loops and exits for cars to enter small roads. Some argue that his emphasis of the plan on automobiles caused the lengthening of distances between centers and it attended only the necessities of a small segment of the population who owned cars. But one can not ignore the bus transportation system in the city. The buses routes inside the city operate heavily on W3 and L2. Almost anywhere, including satellite cities, can be reached just by taking

4017-571: The State of Minas Gerais . On November 17, 2020, the concession of Paulo Afonso Airport was transferred from Infraero to the State of Bahia . On December 2, 2020, the Federal Government signed and agreement to transfer the administration of São José dos Campos–Prof. Urbano Ernesto Stumpf Airport to the Municipality of São José dos Campos . On July 17, 2020, the Federal Government authorized

4120-501: The State of Pernambuco. The medical pool offers a total of 8,990 beds and, according to the Union of the Hospitals of Pernambuco, recorded in the year 2000 an invoicing of R$ 220 million (Brazilian Reals). It is thanks to the pool that Pernambuco has access to more CT scan devices than more developed countries such as Canada or France. A large portion of the modern hospitals included in

4223-451: The administration of Campos dos Goytacazes–Bartolomeu Lysandro Airport was transferred from Infraero to the Municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes . On August 22, 2017, the concession of Ilhéus–Jorge Amado Airport was transferred from Infraero to the State of Bahia . On June 17, 2020, the Federal Government signed and agreement to transfer the administration of Belo Horizonte/Pampulha–Carlos Drummond de Andrade Airport from Infraero to

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4326-664: The airport. In 2011 the concession of the unfinished facility was auctioned and the winner would have to finish its construction, including the terminal building and control tower. On August 22, 2011, the concession of the airport was won by the Consortium Inframérica, formed by the Brazilian Engineering Group Engevix (50%) and the Argentinean Group Corporación América (50%), which operates 52 airports in seven countries. The concession

4429-470: The airports that it currently operates. The main consequence is the fact that Infraero will be able to open its capital and obtain resources necessary for infra-structure investments. Another consequence is that municipal or state governments would have it easier to change concessionaries, such as the intention announced on 28 August 2009 by Rosinha Matheus, the Mayor of Campos dos Goytacazes , who requested Infraero

4532-454: The amusement center. One of the main features of Costa's plan was that he presented a new city with its future shape and patterns evident from the beginning. This meant that the original plan included paving streets that were not immediately put into use; the advantage of this was that the original plan is hard to undo because he provided for an entire street network, but on the other hand, is difficult to adapt and mold to other circumstances in

4635-411: The architect first employed. Additionally, the metro system in Brasilia was mainly built for inhabitants of satellite cities. Though this growth has made Brasilia no longer a pure utopia with incomparable modernity, the later development of traffic management, bus routes to satellite cities, and the metro system all serve as a remedy to the dystopia, enabling the citizens to enjoy the kind of modernity that

4738-711: The beginning of a new concession process for Viracopos International Airport in Campinas upon request from the present concessionary Consortium Aeroportos Brasil. In February 2022, it was announced that the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil would start a new concession process for Rio de Janeiro – Galeão/Antonio Carlos Jobim International Airport , at the request of the concessionary. The facility would be re-auctioned together with Santos Dumont Airport . The following airports are administrated in partnership with other concessionaries. Infraero retains 49% of

4841-457: The blocks were intended to appear absorbed by the landscape because they were isolated by a belt of tall trees and lower vegetation. Costa attempted to introduce a Brazil that was more equitable, he also designed housing for the working classes that was separated from the upper- and middle-class housing and was visually different, with the intention of avoiding slums ( favelas ) in the urban periphery. The superquadra has been accused of being

4944-525: The bus and most of the Plano Piloto can be reached without transferring to other buses. Later, as the population of the city increased, the transportation system also played an important role in mediating the relationship between the Pilot plan and the satellite cities. Due to the larger influx of vehicles, traffic lights were introduced to the Monumental Axis, which violates the concept of modernity and advancement

5047-589: The capital city of the 17th century colony of New Holland of Dutch Brazil (founded by the Dutch West India Company ). Situated at the confluence of the Beberibe and Capibaribe rivers, before they drain into the South Atlantic Ocean , Recife is a major seaport along the Brazilian Atlantic coast. Its name is an allusion to the stone reefs that are present offshore. Together with the urban presence of

5150-592: The capital from Rio de Janeiro to a more central location. The landscape architect was Roberto Burle Marx . The city's design divides it into numbered blocks as well as sectors for specified activities, such as the Hotel Sector, the Banking Sector, and the Embassy Sector. Brasília was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 due to its modernist architecture and uniquely artistic urban planning . It

5253-462: The capital should be moved from Rio de Janeiro to a place close to the country's center. The idea of relocating Brazil's capital city was conceived in 1827 by José Bonifácio , an advisor to Emperor Pedro I . He presented a plan to the General Assembly of Brazil for a new city called Brasilia, with the idea of moving the capital westward from the heavily populated southeastern corridor. The bill

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5356-482: The city also is known as having some of the highest rates of gun violence in the entire country, despite also being considered the "safest state capital" in the Northeast. Although Recife often has a consistently higher crime rate than Brazil's South Region , it typically has a much lower crime rate than other regional capitals—such as Salvador or São Luís . Nonetheless, crime rose nearly 440% in 2015. The waters along

5459-401: The city and has often been called "The Venice of Brazil". The city is located amidst tropical forests which are distinguished by high rainfall levels, resulting in poor soil quality as the heavy dense rainfall washes away the nutrients. There is an absence of extreme temperatures and the area enjoys a cool breeze due to the trade winds from the South Atlantic Ocean to the east. Recife has

5562-516: The city include construction (Paulo Octavio, Via Construções, and Irmãos Gravia among others); food processing (Perdigão, Sadia); furniture making; recycling (Novo Rio, Rexam , Latasa and others); pharmaceuticals (União Química); and graphic industries. The main agricultural products produced in the city are coffee , guavas , strawberries , oranges , lemons , papayas , soybeans , and mangoes . It has over 110,000 cows and it exports wood products worldwide. The Federal District , where Brasilia

5665-489: The city's status as a governmental rather than an industrial center. Industries connected with construction, food processing, and furnishings are important, as are those associated with publishing, printing, and computer software. The gross domestic product (GDP) is divided in Public Administration 54.8%, Services 28.7%, Industry 10.2%, Commerce 6.1%, Agrobusiness 0.2%. Besides being the political center, Brasilia

5768-541: The city, the carnival festivities begin in January, as locals begin preparing for the official Carnival , which starts the week before Shrove Tuesday and Ash Wednesday in the Christian liturgical calendar. The pre-Carnival parties usually consist of percussion groups practising in local clubs, city streets and squares, and even Carnival balls. There is a variety of rhythms from different cultures. Carnival officially starts with

5871-554: The city, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982, and both cities' Brazilian Carnival are among the world's most famous. According to The Herald , Recife has the biggest consumption of whisky around the world. The city is an education hub, and home to the Federal University of Pernambuco , the largest university in Pernambuco. Several Brazilian historical figures, such as the poet and abolitionist Castro Alves , moved to Recife for their studies. Recife and Natal are

5974-439: The coastline are also considered to be among the most dangerous "on earth", as there have been many recorded shark attacks on swimmers at the beaches, including fatal incidents. The Metropolitan Region of Recife is the main industrial zone of the State of Pernambuco, major products are those derived from cane (sugar and ethanol ), motor vehicles, ships, oil platforms, electronics, software, and others. With fiscal incentives by

6077-481: The development of non-polluting industries such as software, film, video, and gemology among others, with emphasis on environmental preservation and maintaining ecological balance, preserving the city property. According to Mercer 's city rankings of cost of living for expatriate employees , Brasilia ranks 45th among the most expensive cities in the world in 2012, up from the 70th position in 2010, ranking behind São Paulo (12th) and Rio de Janeiro (13th). Industries in

6180-421: The future. In addition, there has been controversy with the monumental aspect of Lúcio Costa's Plan, because it appeared to some as 19th century city planning, not modern 20th century in urbanism. An interesting analysis can be made of Brasilia within the context of Cold War politics and the association of Lúcio Costa's plan to the symbolism of aviation. From an architectural perspective, the airplane-shaped plan

6283-758: The government, many industrial companies were started in the 1970s and 1980s. Recife has a tradition of being the most important commercial hub of the North/Northeastern region of Brazil, with more than 52,500 business enterprises in Recife plus 32,500 in the Metro Area, totaling more than 85,000. A combination of a large supply of labor and significant private investments turned Recife into Brazil's second largest medical hub (the first being São Paulo ); modern hospitals with state-of-the-art equipment receive patients from several neighbouring States. Recife stands out as

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6386-419: The hotels and tourism Sector North, located on the shores of Lake Paranoá . As a venue for political events, music performances and movie festivals, Brasilia is a cosmopolitan city, with around 124 embassies , a wide range of restaurants and a complete infrastructure ready to host any kind of event. Not surprisingly, the city stands out as an important business/tourism destination, which is an important part of

6489-604: The idea of Monumentality. This axis includes the various ministries, national congress, presidential palace, supreme court building and the television and radio tower. The Residential Axis was intended to contain areas with intimate character and is considered the most important achievement of the plan; it was designed for housing and associated functions such as local commerce, schooling, recreation and churches, constituted of 96 superblocks  [ pt ] limited to six-story buildings and 12 additional superblocks limited to three-story buildings; Costa's intention with superblocks

6592-438: The international standards, is being updated to meet the next years demand. The works are performed with the company's own revenue, mainly generated by the air cargo storage and custom duty, granting of commercial areas in the airports, boarding, landing and stay tariffs, and rendering of communication and air navigation auxiliary services. On 9 October 2009, it was announced that Infraero will invest in airports abroad: Infraero

6695-454: The islands are the rivers Beberibe and Capibaribe. Other rivers are the Jiquiá, Tejipió, Jordão and Pina. Recife has a tropical monsoon climate ( Am ) under the Köppen climate classification , with warm to hot temperatures and high relative humidity throughout the year. However, these conditions are relieved by pleasant westwardly trade winds blowing in from the ocean. January and February are

6798-461: The legislative powers reserved to the states and municipalities, as provided in Article 32, § 1º of the Constitution, which gives it a hybrid nature, both state and municipal. The executive power of the Federal District was represented by the mayor of the Federal District until 1969, when the position was transformed into governor of the Federal District. The legislative power of the Federal District

6901-519: The local economy, with dozens of hotels spread around the federal capital. Traditional parties take place throughout the year. In June, large festivals known as " festas juninas " are held celebrating Catholic saints such as Saint Anthony of Padua , Saint John the Baptist , and Saint Peter . On 7 September, the traditional Independence Day parade is held on the Ministries Esplanade. Throughout

7004-476: The only Brazilian cities with direct flights to the islands of Fernando de Noronha , a World Heritage Site. Recife was one of the host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup , and previously hosted the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 1950 FIFA World Cup . [REDACTED] Portuguese Empire 1537–1630 [REDACTED] Dutch West India Company 1630–1654 [REDACTED] Portuguese Empire 1654–1815 [REDACTED] United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and

7107-541: The original plans, Brasilia would be a city for government authorities and staff. However, during its construction, Brazilians from all over the country migrated to the satellite cities of Brasilia, seeking public and private employment. At the close of the 20th century, Brasilia was the largest city in the world which had not existed at the beginning of the century. Brasilia has one of the highest population growth rates in Brazil, with annual growth of 2.82%, mostly due to internal migration . Brasilia's inhabitants include

7210-711: The people in Recife, 12.3% in Jaboatão dos Guararapes and over 9% in the Metropolitan Area . These numbers were due to increase with the conclusion of the Transnordestina (the main NE Trainline) with a 1,800/1,118 km/mi extension, which will cross 3 and connect 7 States (34 municipalities in Pernambuco alone) products with Suape port (PE) and Pecem Port (CE)) with costs that are estimated to be around 4.5 R$ . Recife has historically benefited from its central location in

7313-529: The planning and construction of the new capital. The following year an international jury selected Lúcio Costa 's plan to guide the construction of Brazil's new capital, Brasilia. Costa was a student of the famous modernist architect Le Corbusier , and some of modernism 's architecture features can be found in his plan. Costa's plan was not as detailed as some of the plans presented by other architects and city planners. It did not include land use schedules, models, population charts or mechanical drawings; however, it

7416-730: The pool are located between the neighbourhoods of Derby and of the Ilha do Leite. The Hospital Real Português de Beneficência Portuguesa em Pernambuco, or "Hospital Português" (Portuguese Hospital) for short, is one of the most renowned hospitals in the country. Many people from neighbouring states go to Recife for treatment, as it has the largest and best medical facilities in the North – Northeast of Brazil. Recife has three universities / medical schools for medicine, two public, Federal University of Pernambuco and University of Pernambuco ; and one private, Escola Pernambucana de Medicina FBV/IMIP (Medical School of Pernambuco). Many events taking place during

7519-563: The population of Recife was 53.8% female and 46.2% male. The Patroness Saint of Recife is Our Lady of Mount Carmel (Nossa Senhora do Carmo), dating back one hundred and eight years ago (1909). Every July 16, her day, she is remembered by the Roman Catholics in Recife, in her church. Source: IBGE 2010. According to 2013 IBGE statistics, the GDP was at R$ 46,445,339,000. And the GDP per capita

7622-456: The record high was 36.4 °C (97.5 °F) on 18 October 2015 and 8 October 2020. The highest accumulated rainfall in 24 hours was 132.8 mm (5.2 in) on 15 November 1963. According to the 2022 IBGE Census , 2,817,381 people resided in Brasília and its metropolitan area, of whom 1,370,836 were Mixed (48.7%), 1,126,334 White (40%), 301,765 Black (10.7%), 12,810 Asian (0.5%), and 5,536 Amerindian (0.1%). In 2010, Brasilia

7725-441: The result was: Note: : The name was changed to Macaé–Joaquim de Azevedo Mancebo Airport in 2022. The sixth phase, done in blocks valid for 30 years, took place on April 7, 2021, and the result was: The seventh phase, done in blocks valid for 30 years, took place on August 18, 2022, and the result was: Before 2003 Castilho/Urubupungá–Ernesto Pochler Airport was transferred from Infraero to DAESP . On October 11, 2013,

7828-514: The sea. Olinda (and Igarassu before it) had been settled in 1536 by Captain General Duarte Coelho , a Portuguese nobleman, proprietor and administrator of the captaincy of Pernambuco. The city is named for the long reef recife running parallel to the shoreline which encloses its harbour. The reef is not as sometimes stated, a coral reef, but a consolidated ancient beach, now as firm and hard as stone. In 1541, Coelho returned from

7931-461: The shares: The following airports are managed by Infraero by contract: Bras%C3%ADlia Brasília ( / b r ə ˈ z ɪ l i ə / brə- ZIL -ee-ə , Brazilian Portuguese: [bɾaˈzili.ɐ, bɾaˈziljɐ] ) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District , located in the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West region. It

8034-417: The superblocks were planned to be the end of the main flow of traffic. And the reason behind the heavy emphasis on automobile traffic is the architect's desire to establish the concept of modernity in every level. Though automobiles were invented prior to the 20th century, mass production of vehicles in the early 20th made them widely available; thus, they became a symbol of modernity. The two small axes around

8137-400: The transfer of the administration of Bartolomeu Lysandro Airport to the Municipality. The Minister of Defense, to whom Infraero was subordinate (currently it belongs to Civil Aviation Secretary), announced being in favor of the transfer. Responding to critiques to the situation of its airports, and in preparation to the several rounds of concession biddings, on May 18, 2011, Infraero released

8240-1002: The twelve cities that held venues, ten received major investments. Natal – Augusto Severo International Airport and Salvador – Dep. Luís Eduardo Magalhães International Airport were excluded because their upgrade works were completed. The investments were distributed as follows (in BRL million): Belo Horizonte Brasília – Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport Campinas / São Paulo – Viracopos International Airport Cuiabá – Marechal Rondon International Airport Curitiba – Afonso Pena International Airport Fortaleza – Pinto Martins International Airport Manaus – Eduardo Gomes International Airport Porto Alegre – Salgado Filho International Airport Rio de Janeiro São Paulo Belo Horizonte – Tancredo Neves International Airport (Confins) Recife – Guararapes/Gilberto Freyre International Airport São Paulo – Congonhas Airport On April 26, 2011, it

8343-474: The warmest months, with mean temperatures ranging from 31 °C (88 °F) to 22 °C (72 °F), with sun. July is the second cloudiest month and experiences the coolest temperatures, with mean temperatures ranging from 28 °C (82 °F) to 21 °C (70 °F). The wettest month is June, receiving an average of 390 mm (15.4 in) of rain. Recife features a short dry season which lasts from October to December. The driest and sunniest month

8446-545: The world, like Accenture , Motorola , Samsung , Dell and Sun Microsystems also have operations there. IBM and Microsoft transferred their regional headquarters to Recife. Porto Digital's startups can count on a ready pool of talent, courtesy of the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), which boasts one of the best computer-science departments in all of Latin America . The university began teaching programmers to use Sun Microsystems Inc.'s (SUNW) Java language in 1996,

8549-420: The year include: Because of its geographic location, tourism and city infrastructure, Recife's convention centers are of a high standard. The two centers are: The third largest convention center in Brazil. A modern theatre with 1,931 seats and 2,071 square metres (22,290 square feet) of exposition area located on the university campus. Recife's municipal government is divided into an executive branch called

8652-492: The year it was introduced. Professors at the school also teamed up to launch the Centro de Estudos e Sistemas Avançados do Recife (C.E.S.A.R), a business incubator that has played a vital role in the birth of some 30 companies . Due to its ports, airport, and geographic location in the northeastern region of Brazil, Recife is considered one of the biggest logistics hubs in Brazil. The Logistics and Communications sector employs 4% of

8755-424: The year, local, national, and international events are held throughout the city. Christmas is widely celebrated, and New Year's Eve usually hosts major events celebrated in the city. Recife Recife ( Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁeˈsifi] ) is the state capital of Pernambuco , Brazil , on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America . It is the largest urban area within both

8858-437: Was Salvador ; in 1763 Rio de Janeiro became Brazil's capital and remained so until 1960. During this period, resources tended to be centered in Brazil's southeastern region, and most of the country's population was concentrated near its Atlantic coast. Brasilia's geographically central location fostered a more regionally neutral federal capital. An article of the country's first republican constitution , dated 1891, states that

8961-685: Was at R$ 29,037. Recife is one of Brazil's prime business centers, largely because it has one international airport and two international seaports. One is located in the town itself, and the other, the port of Suape, is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) away. Just south of Recife is the region 's main industrial area, where the following industries can be found: shipbuilding, automotive, petroleum refining, petrochemical, electronics, tube manufacturing, brewing and canning, chocolate manufacturing, textiles, etc. Recife has an area dedicated to information technology called " Porto Digital " (Digital Port) with more than 90 companies and 3,000 high tech Jobs. It

9064-399: Was certainly an homage to Le Corbusier and his enchantment with the aircraft as an architectural masterpiece. However, Brasilia was constructed soon after the end of World War II. Despite Brazil's minor participation in the conflict, the airplane shape of the city was key in envisioning the country as part of the newly globalized world, together with the victorious Allies. Furthermore, Brasilia

9167-402: Was chosen by five out of six jurors because it had the features required to align the growth of a capital city. Even though the initial plan was transformed over time, it oriented much of the construction and most of its features survived. Brasilia's accession as the new capital and its designation for the development of an extensive interior region inspired the symbolism of the plan. Costa used

9270-424: Was confirmed on May 31, 2011, and it was added that Infraero would retain 49% of the shares of each privatized airport. However, starting in the fourth phase (2017), this obligation ceased to exist. The concession program was divided into phases, each with its own public bidding. The first phase was related to Natal–Gov. Aluízio Alves International Airport . In 1998 Infraero started the planning and construction of

9373-595: Was confirmed that in order to speed-up much needed renovation and up-grade works, private companies would be granted a concession to commercially exploit some Infraero airports in exchange for the implementation of those works. Listed airports included São Paulo/Guarulhos – Governador André Franco Montoro International Airport , Brasília – Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport , Campinas – Viracopos International Airport , and later Belo Horizonte – Tancredo Neves International Airport and Rio de Janeiro – Galeão/Antonio Carlos Jobim International Airport . The plan

9476-552: Was for 25 years (with one possible five-year extension) and as part of the agreement Infraero held no shares participation. The second phase was related to the auction that took place on February 6, 2012. The result was: The third phase took place on November 22, 2013, when the Brazilian Government had a bidding process for: The fourth phase took place on March 16, 2017, and the result was: The fifth phase, done in blocks valid for 30 years, took place on March 15, 2019, and

9579-455: Was founded by President Juscelino Kubitschek on 21 April 1960, to replace Rio de Janeiro as the national capital. Brasília is Brazil's third-most populous city after São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Among major Latin American cities, it has the highest GDP per capita . Brasília is a planned city developed by Lúcio Costa , Oscar Niemeyer and Joaquim Cardozo in 1956 in a scheme to move

9682-559: Was founded in July 2000 and has since attracted major investments. Generating some R$ 10 billion (Brazilian Reais) a year, it produces technology that is exported to the United States, India, Japan, and China, among other countries. Software manufacturing is the main activity in the Porto Digital. The Porto Digital cluster comprises small and medium companies, but multinationals from across

9785-426: Was inaugurated in 1980 and it was subsequently surpassed by Riomar Mall, which gross leasable area is 101.000 m , compared with 91.200m² of Shopping Recife. Other shopping centers include: The Metropolitan Region of Recife has the third largest medical pool in Brazil, after São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro . Together they make up 417 hospitals and clinics with 72,000 employees in the Metro Area and more than 120,000 in

9888-535: Was invited by the Government of Paraguay to administer Silvio Pettirossi International Airport in Asunción and invited to participate in the privatization of Ruzyně Airport in Prague , Czech Republic , among other investments. On March 4, 2010, the government of Brazil announced that it would adopt the model of concession to airports. For this reason Infraero would become a concessionary rather than an administrator of

9991-615: Was named "City of Design" by UNESCO in October 2017 and has been part of the Creative Cities Network since then. It is notable for its white-colored, modern architecture, designed by Oscar Niemeyer. All three branches of Brazil's federal government are located in the city: executive , legislative and judiciary . Brasília also hosts 124 foreign embassies . The city's international airport connects it to all other major Brazilian cities and some international destinations, and it

10094-411: Was not carefully planned. At the intersection of the Monumental and Residential Axis Costa planned the city center with the transportation center (Rodoviaria), the banking sector and the hotel sector, near to the city center, he proposed an amusement center with theaters, cinemas and restaurants. Costa's Plan is seen as a plan with a sectoral tendency, segregating all the banks, the office buildings, and

10197-626: Was not enacted because Pedro I dissolved the Assembly . According to a legend, Italian saint Don Bosco in 1883 had a dream in which he described a futuristic city that roughly fitted Brasilia's location. In Brasilia today, many references to Bosco, who founded the Salesian order, are found throughout the city and one church parish in the city bears his name. Juscelino Kubitschek was elected President of Brazil in 1955. Upon taking office in January 1956, in fulfilment of his campaign pledge, he initiated

10300-495: Was part of Juscelino's "fifty years of prosperity in five" plan. Already in 1892, the astronomer Louis Cruls , in the service of the Brazilian government, had investigated the site for the future capital. Lúcio Costa won a contest and was the main urban planner in 1957, with 5550 people competing. Oscar Niemeyer was the chief architect of most public buildings, Joaquim Cardozo was the structural engineer , and Roberto Burle Marx

10403-402: Was ranked the fourth-most populous city in Brazil after São Paulo , Rio de Janeiro, and Salvador . In 2010, the city had 474,871 opposite-sex couples and 1,241 same-sex couples. The population of Brasilia was 52.2% female and 47.8% male . In the 1960 census there were almost 140,000 residents in the new Federal district . By 1970 this figure had grown to 537,000. By 2010 the population of

10506-476: Was the landscape designer . Brasilia was built in 41 months, from 1956 to 21 April 1960, when it was officially inaugurated. The city sits at an elevation of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) and more, high on the Brazilian Highlands in the country's center-western region. Paranoá Lake , a large artificial lake, was built to increase the amount of water available and to maintain the region's humidity. It has

10609-498: Was to have small self-contained and self-sufficient neighborhoods and uniform buildings with apartments of two or three different categories, where he envisioned the integration of upper and middle classes sharing the same residential area. The urban design of the communal apartment blocks was based on Le Corbusier 's Ville Radieuse of 1935, and the superblocks on the North American Radburn layout from 1929. Visually,

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