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85-555: Huzhou, in its general aspect, is in the center of the Yangtze River Delta Economic Area, with the city center 10 km (6.2 mi) south of the Chinese third largest freshwater lake Lake Tai . There are transportation links to the provincial capital of Hangzhou 78 km (48 mi) away in the south, Jiangsu and Anhui province in the west, and the metropolitan municipality of Shanghai 150 km (93 mi) to

170-604: A 14-city cooperative joint meeting was launched. Besides the previous 10 cities, the members included Nanjing , Zhenjiang and Yangzhou in Jiangsu , and Zhoushan in Zhejiang . In 1997, the regular joint meeting resulted in the establishment of the Yangtze Delta Economic Coordination Association, which included a new member Taizhou in Jiangsu in that year. In 1997, Taizhou in Zhejiang also joined

255-730: A book by a Chen family member, Chen Xin, published after he died in 1929. Chinese philosophy , particularly Taoist and Confucian thought , forms the conceptual background to tai chi. Early tai chi texts include embedded quotations from early Chinese classics like the I Ching , Great Learning , Book of Documents , Records of the Grand Historian , and Zhuangzi , as well as from famous Chinese thinkers like Zhu Xi , Zhou Dunyi , and Mencius . Early tai chi sources are grounded in Taiji cosmology. Taiji cosmology appears in both Taoist and Confucian philosophy , where it represents

340-634: A comprehensive conclusion. Tai chi has been promoted for treating various ailments, and is supported by the Parkinson's Foundation and Diabetes Australia , among others. However, medical evidence of effectiveness is lacking. A 2017 systematic review found that it decreased falls in older people. A 2011 comprehensive overview of systematic reviews of tai chi recommended tai chi to older people for its physical and psychological benefits. It found positive results for fall prevention and overall mental health . No conclusive evidence showed benefit for most of

425-619: A considerable urban agglomeration. After the Chinese economic reform program, which began in 1978, Shanghai again became the most important economic centre in mainland China , and is emerging to become one of Asia's centres for commerce. In modern times, the Yangtze Delta metropolitan region is centred at Shanghai, and also flanked by the major metropolitan areas of Hangzhou , Suzhou , Ningbo , and Nanjing , home to nearly 105 million people (of which an estimated 80 million are urban residents). It

510-526: A disciple of Yang Chengfu , was the first known proponent of tai chi to openly teach in the United States, beginning in 1939. His son and student Choy Kam Man emigrated to San Francisco from Hong Kong in 1949 to teach tai chi in Chinatown . Choy Kam Man taught until he died in 1994. Sophia Delza , a professional dancer and student of Ma Yueliang , performed the first known public demonstration of tai chi in

595-486: A garden available to visitors. Huzhou is served by Huzhou railway station , situated to the west of the city. Both conventional and high-speed trains stop at the station. Huzhou has unique scenery, the style of small bridges and flowing water in the east, and the charm of mountain meadows in the western Chinese bamboo township. It has given birth to six tourism brands: "Taihu Lake, Bamboo Township, Famous Mountain, Wetland, Mansion Gate, and Paleoecology". Feiying Pagoda in

680-569: A great number of silk, silk ribbon and uncarbonized tablets were found in the southern suburbs of Huzhou. Scientists from the Institute of Archaeology measured these silk products carefully and determined the age of the silk to date back 4700 years. Now, these silk pieces have become the greatest treasures of the Zhejiang Silk Museum . Huzhou silk has many desirable features, such as paleness in color, luster, flexibility, and roundness in shape. As

765-458: A key principle in tai chi is to avoid using force directly against force (hardness against hardness). Laozi provided the archetype for this in the Tao Te Ching when he wrote, "The soft and the pliable will defeat the hard and strong." Conversely, when in possession of leverage, one may want to use hardness to force the opponent to become soft. Traditionally, tai chi uses both soft and hard. Yin

850-406: A later text, possibly completed in 1875 by Yang Luchan's son, Yang Banhou , or no later than the first decade of the twentieth century by one or more of Yang Banhou's disciples. By the second decade of the twentieth century, Yang Chengfu 's disciples and Sun Lutang were using the term taijiquan in their publications, including in the titles of some of the tai chi classics. It then appeared in

935-519: A national scenic spot in the cool world, is known as China's four major summer resorts together with Lushan , Beidaihe and Jigongshan . Xiazhu Lake in Deqing is the largest wetland scenic area in Jiangnan, which is a newly developed natural ecological scenic spot; Jiangnan Mansion Gate Nanxun, with the connotation of world cultural heritage, has become a symbol of the ancient town of water town together with

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1020-524: A new roadside restaurant called "Zhou Shengji's". Unlike his first venture, this one made a profit. He sold a wonton bowl with flower dumplings filled with various ingredients. The dumplings could have pork, with your choice of mix such as celery, bamboo, or spinach. And Zhou Shenji's cooks continue to be very particular about the quality of dumpling they serve. They select all the raw materials very carefully, such as wheat flower, sesame, sesame oil, wine, sugar, salt and other spices that need to be added to create

1105-573: A result, Huzhou silk has been respected and desired for a very long time. The history of Huzhou silk can be uncovered back to the time of the Warring States (474 BC –221 BC). By the time of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 AD – 589 AD), Huzhou silk had already been exported to more than ten countries. During the Tang dynasty (618 AD – 907 AD), Huzhou silk was chosen for an imperial tribute, thus marking

1190-449: A role in supporting its economic development, helping it become one of China’s most economically dynamic areas, with high levels of openness and innovation. The area of the Yangtze Delta incorporates more than twenty relatively developed cities in three provinces. The term can be generally used to refer to the entire region extending as far north as Lianyungang , Jiangsu and as far south as Wenzhou , Zhejiang. The Yangtze Delta contains

1275-533: A routine that would be much less difficult to learn than the classical 88 to 108 posture solo hand forms. Another 1950s form is the "97 movements combined tai chi form", which blends Yang, Wu, Sun, Chen, and Fu styles. In 1976, they developed a slightly longer demonstration form that would not require the traditional forms' memory, balance, and coordination. This became the "Combined 48 Forms" that were created by three wushu coaches, headed by Men Hui Feng. The combined forms simplified and combined classical forms from

1360-534: A three-tier model of governance on increased regional cooperation: There is also a conference with longer history for economical cooperation: The region has a well-developed transport infrastructure, with one of the highest rates of private vehicle ownership in China. Traffic regulations in Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Zhejiang are also comparatively stricter than in other parts of the country. Major shipping and trade hubs, such as

1445-470: Is 3150,37 or 10.89 per cent. The population living in urban areas is 1530,418, or 52.89 per cent, and the population living in rural areas is 1,363,124, or 47.11 per cent. The prefecture-level city of Huzhou administers six county-level divisions , including one economic development zone and two districts and three counties . These are further divided into 66 township-level divisions , including 50 towns , 10 townships and six subdistricts . Huzhou

1530-418: Is a new park just north of the city center on an island stretching north–south in the middle of Xitiao River . It was built in 2009. The park is open every day. A popular destination for local residents after dinner, the lengthy route becomes something of a promenade for people taking their daily constitutional through the form of a jog or, more commonly, a walk. There is a small golf park, a historical pool, and

1615-676: Is actually one of the dialects within the Wu group of Chinese) as their mother tongue , in addition to Mandarin . Wu is mutually unintelligible with other varieties of Chinese, including Mandarin. Central areas include Shanghai, Nanjing, Jiujiang , Wuxi, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong , Yangzhou , Zhenjiang , Yancheng , Taizhou ( Jiangsu ), Hangzhou , Ningbo, Wenzhou , Huzhou , Jiaxing , Shaoxing , Jinhua , Zhoushan , Taizhou ( Zhejiang ), Hefei, Wuhu , Maanshan , Tongling , Anqing , Chuzhou , Chizhou , Xuancheng . The Three Gorge Dam has huge impacts on both upstream and downstream. Since 2003,

1700-602: Is also seen as an important step towards effective self-defense . Tai chi movements were inspired by animals, especially birds and leopards. There are also numerous other supporting solo practices such as: There is no scientific evidence for the existence of qi, nor any demonstrating the effectiveness of acupressure or traditional Chinese medicine beyond that of placebo treatment. Further training entails learning tuishou (push hands drills) , sanshou (striking techniques), free sparring, grappling training, and weapons training. The fundamental training concepts of

1785-542: Is an ancient Chinese martial art . Initially developed for combat and self-defense, it has evolved into a sport and form of exercise . Tai chi is a gentle, low-impact form of exercise in which practitioners perform a series of deliberate, flowing motions while focusing on deep, slow breaths. Often referred to as " meditation in motion," tai chi aims to concentrate and balance the body's qi (vital energy), providing benefits to mental and physical health. Many forms of tai chi are practiced, both traditional and modern. While

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1870-462: Is both a geographical and a socio-economic region, characterised by shared or similar cultural traditions and historical experiences. Distinct regional cultures, such as Hui , Huaiyang , Wuyue , Shanghai-style , and Chu-Han , each retain their own identities while also influencing and merging with one another, contributing to the diverse culture of the Delta. The region’s rich cultural heritage has played

1955-425: Is connected with Henan's Thousand Year Temple and a nexus of nearby villages: Chen Village, Tang Village, Wangbao Village, and Zhaobao Town. These villages were closely connected, shared an interest in the martial arts and many went to study at Thousand Year Temple (which was a syncretic temple with elements from the three teachings ). New documents from these villages, mostly dating to the 17th century, are some of

2040-508: Is exactly the same as Laozi 's 'concentrating the qi and developing softness'". As such, tai chi considers itself an "internal" ( neijia ) martial art focused on developing qi . In China, tai chi is categorized under the Wudang group of Chinese martial arts —that is, arts applied with internal power. Although the term Wudang suggests these arts originated in the Wudang Mountains , it

2125-583: Is headquarters of the 1st Group Army of the People's Liberation Army , one of the three group armies that comprise the Nanjing Military Region responsible for the defense of China's eastern coast. The Lotus Garden (pinyin "Lianhua Zhuang") is a pleasure garden located 20 minutes south on foot from the city center of Huzhou. The main attractions of the garden include the Lotus flowers that bloom seasonally in

2210-444: Is home to China’s financial center, tourist destination and hub for manufacture ranging from textile to car-making. In 2021, the Yangtze Delta had a GDP of approximately US$ 4.3 trillion, about the same size as Japan . The urban build-up in the area has given rise to what may be the largest concentration of adjacent metropolitan areas in the world. It covers an area of around 350,000 square kilometres (140,000 sq mi) and

2295-663: Is home to over 240 million people. With about a sixth of China's population and a fourth of the country's GDP, the YRD is one of the fastest growing and richest regions in East Asia. The Neolithic Liangzhu culture was based in this region, and in the Eastern Zhou period it was home to the powerful states of Wu , based in Suzhou, and Yue , based in the Shaoxing area. Nanjing first served as a capital in

2380-438: Is open during daytime hours and admission is free of charge. Xiangwang Park (Southwest Gate Park) is a more recent addition to Huzhou's collection of historical parks. It was built in 2009 and located at Chen Bei Bridge. The park includes the rebuilt wooden gate outpost on top of the original defensive wall. A visitor ship is permanently moored one kilometer west of the historic gate. Long Island Park (pinyin "Changdao Gongyuan")

2465-468: Is said that in 1930, Mr. Zhouji saw how profitable Ding Lianfang's roadside restaurant (began in 1878) was by serving a noodle bowl with bean curd dumplings . As a result of this observation, Zhouji also opened a store to compete for the same clients. Soon after, Mr. Zhouji found that his roadside restaurant could not replicate his competitors profit and was forced to close. However, considering what his competitor did not sell, he rethought his plans. He opened

2550-609: Is said to be the mother of Yang, using soft power to create hard power. Traditional schools also emphasize that one is expected to show wude ("martial virtue/heroism"), to protect the defenseless, and to show mercy to one's opponents. In December 2020, the 15th regular session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage included tai chi in

2635-407: Is somewhat uncertain because of the lack of a record of spoken usage. Before the mid-nineteenth century, it appears that outsiders generically described the art as zhanquan ( 沾拳 , "touch boxing"), "Long Boxing"( 長拳 ), mianquan ("Soft/Cotton/Neutralizing Boxing"; 軟/棉/化拳 ) or shisan shi ( 十三式 , "the thirteen techniques"). In the mid-nineteenth century, the art began to be associated with

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2720-592: Is the centre of Chinese economic development, and surpasses other concentrations of metropolitan areas (including the Pearl Delta ) in China in terms of economic growth, productivity and per capita income. In 1982, the Chinese government set up the Shanghai Economic Area. Besides Shanghai , four cities in Jiangsu ( Suzhou , Wuxi , Changzhou , Nantong ) and five cities in Zhejiang ( Hangzhou , Jiaxing , Shaoxing , Huzhou , Ningbo ) were included. In 1992,

2805-470: Is typified by its slow movements, many styles (including the three most popular: Yang , Wu , and Chen ) have secondary, faster-paced forms. Some traditional schools teach martial applications of the postures of different forms ( taolu ). Taolu (solo "forms") are choreographed sets of movements practiced alone or in unison as a group. Tai chi is often characterized by slow movements in Taolu practice, and one of

2890-604: Is used only to distinguish the skills, theories, and applications of neijia from those of the Shaolin grouping, or waijia (hard/external styles). Tai chi also adopts the Taoist ideals of softness overcoming hardness, of wu wei (effortless action), and of yielding into its martial art technique while also retaining Taoist ideas of spiritual self-cultivation. Tai chi's path is one of developing naturalness by relaxing, attending inward, and slowing mind, body, and breath. This allows

2975-1565: The Port of Shanghai and the Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan , are located here; these ports are the largest in the world for container and cargo handling, respectively. The area is also home to the Hangzhou Bay Bridge , the world’s longest cross-sea bridge at 36 km, and has the densest network of rapid transit railways, spanning 12 lines. The Yangtze Delta has a marine monsoon subtropical climate, with hot and humid summers, cool and dry winters, and warm spring and fall. Winter temperatures can drop as low as -10 °C (a record), however, and even in springtime, large temperature fluctuations can occur. Direct-administered municipalities . Sub-provincial cities as provincial capitals . Separate state-planning cities . Special economic-zone cities . Open coastal cities . Prefecture capital status established by Heilongjiang Province and not recognized by Ministry of Civil Affairs. Disputed by Oroqen Autonomous Banner , Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia as part of it. Only administers islands and waters in South China Sea and have no urban core comparable to typical cities in China. The claimed province of Taiwan no longer have any internal division announced by Ministry of Civil Affairs of PRC, due to lack of actual jurisdiction. See Template:Administrative divisions of Taiwan instead. Tai chi Tai chi

3060-610: The Qianlong era (1735-1796) of the Qing dynasty, Shanghai began developing rapidly and became the largest port in the Far East. From late 19th century to early 20th century, Shanghai was the biggest commercial centre in the Far East. The Yangtze Delta became the first industrialized area in China. In the middle and late feudal society of China, the Yangtze River Delta region initially formed

3145-618: The Qin dynasty . Huzhou's ink brush production and manufacture gained prominence in the Ming dynasty (13th century). Since the late 20th century, Huzhou has been known as the "Hometown of the Ink Brush". Huzhou also holds an annual "Huzhou Ink Brush Festival", and the festival also has some memorial activities dedicated to Meng Tian - the inventor of ink brush pen. The most famous brush pen workshop in Huzhou could be

3230-618: The Song Dynasty (960–1279), and there is no mention in the Ming (1368–1644) histories or hagiographies of Zhang Sanfeng of any connection between the immortal and the martial arts." Another common theory for the origin of tai chi is that it was created by Chen Wangting (1580–1660) while living in Chen Village (陳家溝), Henan. The other four contemporary traditional tai chi styles (Yang, Sun, Wu and Wu/Hao) trace their teachings back to Chen village in

3315-519: The Three Kingdoms period as the capital of Eastern Wu (AD 229–280). In the fourth century CE the Eastern Jin dynasty (AD 317–420) moved its capital here after losing control of the north and its capital Jiankang (present-day Nanjing ) became a major cultural, economic, and political centre. During the mid to late period of the Tang dynasty (618-907), the region emerged as an economic centre, and

3400-492: The UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in 2020 for China. The five major styles of tai chi are named for the Chinese families who originated them: The most popular is Yang, followed by Wu, Chen, Sun, and Wu/Hao. The styles share underlying theory, but their training differs. Dozens of new styles, hybrid styles, and offshoots followed, although the family schools are accepted as standard by

3485-530: The Wade–Giles system as " tʻai chi chʻüan ". But English speakers abbreviated it to " tʻai chi " and dropped the mark of aspiration. Since the late twentieth century, pinyin has been officially adopted in China and replaced Wade–Giles as the most popular system for romanizing Chinese. In pinyin, tai chi is spelled taijiquan ( tàijíquán ). In English, tai chi is sometimes referred to as " shadowboxing ". The etymology of tai chi's Chinese name

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3570-653: The Wu -speaking areas of Shanghai , southern Jiangsu , northern Zhejiang , southern Anhui . The area lies in the heart of the Jiangnan region (literally, "south of the Yangtze"), where the Yangtze drains into the East China Sea . Historically the fertile delta fed much of China’s population, and cities and commerce flourished. Today, it is one of China’s most important metropolitan area and

3655-449: The "Chen-style national competition form" is the "56 Forms". The combined forms are "The 42-Form" or simply the "Competition Form". In the 11th Asian Games of 1990, wushu was included as an item for competition for the first time with the 42-Form representing tai chi. The International Wushu Federation (IWUF) applied for wushu to be part of the Olympic games . Tai chi was added to

3740-463: The "tai chi classics" were not distributed widely for many years. The first public association between taiji and the art was a poem by Imperial Court scholar Weng Tonghe describing a tai chi performance by Yang Luchan . It is not clear whether Weng was making a new connection or whether the new name was already in use. Written evidence for the Yang family's adoption of the name taiji first appeared in

3825-461: The Shanlian ( 善琏 ; Shàn Liǎn ), thus its brush pens are named Shanlian Hubi ( 善琏湖笔 ; Shànliǎn Húbǐ ) in reverence of this workshop. Shanlian is also a local place name, whose ancient name was Mengxi (Chinese: 蒙溪 ; lit. 'creek of Meng Tian'). Meng Tian made brush pens there. The now popular Huzhou style Wonton dish is known to be introduced by an ingenious man named Zhouji. It

3910-621: The UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Traditionally, the foundational tai chi practice consists of learning and practicing a specific solo forms or routines ( taolu ) . This entails learning a routine sequence of movements that emphasize a straight spine, abdominal breathing and a natural range of motion. Tai chi relies on knowing the appropriate change in response to outside forces, as well as on yielding to and redirecting an attack, rather than meeting it with opposing force. Physical fitness

3995-654: The United States at the New York City Museum of Modern Art in 1954. She wrote the first English language book on tai chi, T'ai-chi Ch'üan: Body and Mind in Harmony , in 1961. She taught regular classes at Carnegie Hall , the Actors Studio , and the United Nations . Cheng Man-ch'ing opened his school Shr Jung tai chi after he moved to New York from Taiwan in 1964. Unlike the older generation of practitioners, Cheng

4080-879: The United States) while living in Hong Kong in the late 1950s. More traditional practitioners hold that the two aspects of health and martial arts make up the art's yin and yang . The "family" schools present their teachings in a martial art context, whatever the intention of their students. Tai chi's health training concentrates on relieving stress on the body and mind. In the 21st century, tai chi classes that purely emphasize health are popular in hospitals, clinics, community centers and senior centers. Tai chi's low-stress training method for seniors has become better known. Clinical studies exploring tai chi's effect on specific diseases and health conditions exist, though there are insufficient studies with consistent approaches to generate

4165-522: The Yangtze Delta became the most important agricultural, handicraft industrial and economic centre for the late Tang dynasty. Hangzhou served as the Chinese capital during the Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279). Then called Lin'an, it became the biggest city in East Asia with a population more than 1.5 million, and one of the most prosperous cities in the world, which it remained after the Mongol conquest. At

4250-646: The Yangtze River delta front has experienced severe erosion and significant sediment coarsening. The Yangtze River derived sediment has not really dispersed across the East China Sea continental shelf, instead, an elongated (~800 km) distal subaqueous mud wedge (up to 60 m thick) extending from the Yangtze River mouth southward off the Zhejiang and Fujian coasts into the Taiwan Strait. The Yangtze River Delta

4335-419: The art are detailed in a few dozen classical texts originally written in classical Chinese by tai chi masters, the " tai chi classics ". In these texts, it is noted that the physiological and kinesiological aspects of the body's movements are characterized by the circular motion and rotation of the pelvis, based on the metaphors of the pelvis as the hub and the arms and feet as the spokes of a wheel. Furthermore,

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4420-517: The art for its health benefits. Tai chi was included in the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2020. The name "tai chi", the most common English spelling, is not a standard romanization of the Chinese name for the art (simplified Chinese: 太极拳 ; traditional Chinese: 太極拳 ; lit. ' Taiji boxing'). The Chinese name was first commonly written in English using

4505-470: The association. In 2003, the association accepted six new members after a six-year observation and review, including Yancheng and Huai'an in Jiangsu , Jinhua and Quzhou in Zhejiang , and Ma'anshan and Hefei in Anhui . In 2019, the area expanded to include the entirety of Anhui , Jiangsu , Zhejiang , and Shanghai . The delta is one of the most densely populated regions on earth, and includes one of

4590-404: The birth rate was 7.96 per thousand, the death rate was 6.79 per thousand, the natural growth rate was 1.17 per thousand and the family planning rate was 98.08 per cent. According to the sixth national census in 2010, the city's resident population stood at 2893,542, an increase of 267,753 or 10.20 percent over the fifth national census, with an average annual growth rate of 0.98 percent. Of these,

4675-714: The central urban area has become a national key cultural relic protection unit with a tower within a tower; The Iron Guanyin in the Iron Buddha Temple is famous overseas for the reputation of the Venus of the East. The eight scenery of Wuxing on the outskirts of the city is still beautiful. Nanxun Ancient Town is a famous town in Jiangnan, and there are many scenic spots in the town, such as Jiayetang Library Building, Baijian Building, Zhang Shiming's Former Residence, Xiaolian Zhuang and so on. Anji , China's bamboo township, Longwang Mountain at

4760-513: The conditions researched, including Parkinson's disease , diabetes , cancer and arthritis . A 2015 systematic review found that tai chi could be performed by those with chronic medical conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , heart failure , and osteoarthritis without negative effects, and found favorable effects on functional exercise capacity. In 2015 the Australian Government's Department of Health published

4845-416: The earliest reference indicating a connection between Zhang Sanfeng and martial arts is actually a 17th-century piece called Epitaph for Wang Zhengnan (1669), composed by Huang Zongxi (1610–1695). Aside from this single source, the other claims of connections between tai chi and Zhang Sanfeng appeared no earlier than the 19th century. According to Douglas Wile, "there is no record of a Zhang Sanfeng in

4930-434: The earliest sources for the practice of tai chi. Some traditionalists claim that tai chi is a purely Chinese art that comes from ancient Taoism and Confucianism . These schools believe that tai chi theory and practice were formulated by Taoist monk Zhang Sanfeng in the 12th century. These stories are often filled with legendary and hagiographical content and lack historical support. Modern historians point out that

5015-640: The early 1800s. Yang Luchan (1799–1872), the founder of the popular Yang style , trained with the Chen family for 18 years before he started to teach in Beijing , which strongly suggests that his work was heavily influenced by the Chen family art . Martial arts historian Xu Zhen claimed that the tai chi of Chen Village was influenced by the Taizu changquan style practiced at nearby Shaolin Monastery , while Tang Hao thought it

5100-728: The eastern United States until other teachers immigrated in larger numbers in the 1990s. He taught until his death in 1975. Moy Lin-shin arrived in Toronto, Canada , from China in 1970, where he started teaching tai chi and related internal arts. Norwegian Pytt Geddes was the first European to teach tai chi in Britain, holding classes at The Place in London in the early 1960s. She had first encountered tai chi in Shanghai in 1948, and studied with Choy Hok Pang and his son Choy Kam Man (who both also taught in

5185-454: The first prosperity in silk production. With the establishment of the Ming dynasty (1368 AD – 1644 AD), the residents living near Lake Tai entered the profitable textile industry, resulting in a larger workforce and a refinement of Huzhou silk products. Huzhou silk has won awards at World Fairs, and is desired by clothing and furnishing manufacturers overseas. Huzhou has a long history of manufacturing ink brushes , and it can be traced back to

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5270-499: The flower dumpling shell. Furthermore, Zhouji invented a special process so that dumplings do not break up easily when boiled. Combined with a special sauce, the dumplings have a satisfying taste and thus are a very popular dish. Yangtze Delta The Yangtze Delta or Yangtze River Delta ( YRD , Chinese : 长江三角洲 or simply 长三角 ), once known as the Shanghai Economic Zone , is a megalopolis generally comprising

5355-464: The harmonious design of traditional Chinese architecture. Sign posts describe local history and the halls maintain a Tea House where visitors may converse and take a break from the rays of the sun. A particular geological feature worth seeing are the ancient stones transferred from Lake Tai. Families pour into the garden on public vacation days while local people partake in tai chi exercise, or play card and Mahjong games every day, year round. The garden

5440-527: The international community. Other important styles are Zhaobao tai chi , a close cousin of Chen style, which is recognized by Western practitioners; Fu style, created by Fu Zhensong , which evolved from Chen, Sun and Yang styles, and incorporates movements from baguazhang ; and Cheng Man-ch'ing style, which simplifies Yang style. Around the world in the 20th and 21st centuries, some Chinese emigrants who had learned tai chi in China continued to practice it together in their new communities. Choy Hok Pang ,

5525-413: The male population was 1470,472, or 50.82 per cent, and the female population was 1423,070, or 49.18 per cent. The sex ratio of the total population (100 females) is 103.33.The population aged 0–14 years is 337,688, or 11.67 per cent; the population aged 15–59 years is 2086,891, or 72.12 per cent; and the population aged 60 years and over is 468,963, or 16.21 per cent; of the population aged 65 years and over

5610-531: The most fertile soils in all of China. Rice is the dominant crop of the delta, but further inland fishing rivals it. In Qing Pu, 50 ponds, containing five different species of fish, produce 29,000 tons of fish each year. One of the biggest fears of fish farmers in this region is that toxic water will seep into their man-made lagoons and threaten their livelihood. Yangtze Delta regional cooperation requires effort from governments of Shanghai , Zhejiang , Jiangsu , Anhui and Jiangxi . They've gradually established

5695-767: The northeast. Flowing quietly through the city is the Changxing-Huzhou-Shanghai Channel, it is also referred to as the "Eastern Rhine River" for the continuous barge transportation that goes on similarly in the more internationally known Rhine River in Germany. The State Way 318 passes through Huzhou in an east–west direction and the State Way 104 in a north–south direction; the Nanjing-Huzhou-Hangzhou toll expressway and Shanghai-Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Anhui toll expressway offers convenient access to major areas in

5780-407: The original Chen, Yang, Wu, and Sun styles. Other competitive forms were designed to be completed within a six-minute time limit. In the late 1980s, CSC standardized more competition forms for the four major styles as well as combined forms. These five sets of forms were created by different teams, and later approved by a committee of wushu coaches in China. These forms were named after their style:

5865-442: The philosophy of taiji (see Conceptual background ). This association may have originated in the writings of the founders of Wu (Hao)-style tai chi , perhaps inspired by a tai chi classic attributed to the semi-mythical Wang Zongyue that begins with the words " Taiji is born from Wuji ; it is the mother of Yin and Yang ". However, as the Wu (Hao) founders had no financial need to promote their art, their contributions to

5950-537: The practitioner to become less tense, to drop conditioned habits, to let go of thoughts, to allow qi to flow smoothly, and thus to flow with the Tao . It is thus a kind of moving meditation that allows us to let go of the self and experience no-mind ( wuxin ) and spontaneity ( ziran ). A key aspect of tai chi philosophy is to work with the flow of yin (softness) and yang (hardness) elements. When two forces push each other with equal force, neither side moves. Motion cannot occur until one side yields. Therefore,

6035-419: The precise origins are not known, the earliest documented practice is from Chen Village and Zhabao Village in Henan , which are located a few hundred miles from the Shaolin Monastery on Song Mountain. Most modern styles trace their development to the five traditional schools: Chen , Yang , Wu (Hao) , Wu , and Sun . Practitioners such as Yang Chengfu and Sun Lutang in the early 20th century promoted

6120-797: The reasons is to develop body awareness. Accurate, repeated practice of the solo routine is said to retrain posture, encourage circulation throughout students' bodies, maintain flexibility, and familiarize students with the martial sequences implied by the forms. Usually performed standing, solo forms have also been adapted for seated practice. Tai chi practices involving weapons also exist. Weapons training and fencing applications often employ: More exotic weapons include: Tai chi's formative influences came from practices undertaken in Taoist and Buddhist monasteries, such as Wudang , Shaolin , and The Thousand Year Temple in Henan . The early development of tai chi proper

6205-471: The region. The Express Xuancheng–Hangzhou Railway Station is located 8 km (5.0 mi) west of the city center. This railway line is part of the "secondary tunnel" in eastern China. Huzhou has a typical subtropical monsoon climate in Jiangsu South. Summers are hot, winters are mild, and there are four distinct seasons with abundant rainfall. The average annual temperature is 16.3 degrees Celsius and

6290-400: The respiration of breath is coordinated with the physical movements in a state of deep relaxation, rather than muscular tension. Tai chi is a complete martial art system with a full range of bare-hand movement sets and weapon forms, such as the jian (straight sword), dao (curved sword), and qiang (spear), which are based on the dynamic relationship between yin and yang . While tai chi

6375-449: The results of a review of alternative therapies that sought to identify any that were suitable for coverage by health insurance . Tai chi was one of 17 therapies evaluated. The study concluded that low-quality evidence suggests that tai chi may have some beneficial health effects when compared to control in a limited number of populations for a limited number of outcomes. A 2020 review of 13 studies found that tai chi had positive effect on

6460-526: The same time, Ningbo became one of the two biggest seaports in East Asia along with Quanzhou (in Fujian province). Nanjing was the early capital of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and the region remained the most important economic region of the empire even after the Yongle Emperor moved the capital to Beijing in 1421. During the mid-late Ming dynasty (1368–1644), the first bud of capitalism of East Asia

6545-422: The single source or mother of yin and yang (represented by the taijitu symbol [REDACTED] ). Tai chi also draws on Chinese theories of the body, particularly Taoist neidan (internal alchemy) teachings on qi (vital energy) and on the three dantian . Cheng Man-ch'ing emphasizes the Taoist background of tai chi and states that it "enables us to reach the stage of undifferentiated pure yang, which

6630-529: The source of the Huangpu River , Tianhuangping Pumped Storage Power Station, a national industrial tourism demonstration point, and the China Bamboo Expo Park, which has the largest area and complete bamboo species in China, seem to be a green corridor in the Yangtze River Delta, accompanied by the pure melody of bamboo music, showing tourists the tourism positioning of "green ecology"; Deqing Moganshan,

6715-441: The thousand-year-old town of Deqing. Located at the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces, Changxing has become a witness of paleoecology with its ten-mile ancient ginkgo corridor, "living fossil" Yangzi crocodile , golden nails from the second glacial period site and Tang dynasty tribute tea purple shoot tea. Huzhou is twinned with: Huzhou is well known as one of the birthplaces for silk cultivation. In 1958,

6800-417: The three lake system, a large Koi pond near the north gate, a karaoke veranda and amusement rides for children. Also, barge-themed pedal boats are available for leisure boating. The garden was built in 1924 with stone footpaths and bridges bordering and crossing over the lake system. A variety of structures inhabit the 300 meter squared grounds including two halls, six pavilions, and two inlets, all following

6885-400: The total annual precipitation is 1303.4 mm. According to the seventh census data, as of midnight on November 1, 2020, the city's permanent population was 336,7579. At the end of 2011, Huzhou had a registered population of 2,611,700, of which 1,31,700 were men and 1,38,800 were women; 851,700 were non-farmers, up 22,700 from the previous year; and 511,200 were over 60. For the whole year,

6970-571: The world's largest cities on its banks — Shanghai , with a density of 2,700 inhabitants per square kilometre (7,000/sq mi). Because of the large population of the delta, and factories, farms, and other cities upriver, the World Wide Fund for Nature says the Yangtze Delta is the biggest cause of marine pollution in the Pacific Ocean . Most of the people in this region speak Wu Chinese (sometimes called Shanghainese , although Shanghainese

7055-596: Was born and developed in this area, although it was disrupted by the Manchu invasion and controlled strictly and carefully by the Confucian central government in Beijing , it continued its development slowly throughout the rest of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911). During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the delta became a large economic centre for the country, and also played the most important role in agriculture and handicraft industry. During

7140-461: Was cultured and educated in American ways, and thus was able to transcribe Yang's dictation into a written manuscript that became the de facto manual for Yang style. Cheng felt Yang's traditional 108-movement form was unnecessarily long and repetitive, which makes it difficult to learn. He thus created a shortened 37-movement version that he taught in his schools. Cheng's form became the dominant form in

7225-544: Was derived from a treatise by Ming dynasty general Qi Jiguang , Jixiao Xinshu ("New Treatise on Military Efficiency"), which discussed several martial arts styles including Taizu changquan . In 1956, the Chinese government sponsored the Chinese Sports Committee (CSC), which brought together four wushu teachers to truncate the Yang family hand form to 24 postures . This was an attempt to standardize tai chi for wushu tournaments as they wanted to create

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