102-595: The Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens , known as The Huntington , is a collections-based educational and research institution established by Henry E. Huntington and Arabella Huntington in San Marino, California , United States. In addition to the library, the institution houses an extensive art collection with a focus on 18th and 19th century European art and 17th to mid-20th century American art . The property also has approximately 120 acres (49 ha) of specialized botanical landscaped gardens, including
204-515: A shōya (village head). From 2018 to 2023, craftspeople carefully disassembled the house, labeled, cleaned, and repaired each part, reassembled the house in a Japanese warehouse, refitted the house to US building codes, disassembled it again, and reassembled it in California. Curator Robert Hori likened the whole process to building a "giant model airplane." The Huntington's botanical gardens cover 120 acres (49 ha) and showcase plants from around
306-478: A Sunday). The first parade was held in 1890 and was originally sponsored by the Valley Hunt Club , a Pasadena social club . The motivation for having the parade was, as member Professor Charles F. Holder said, "In New York, people are buried in snow. Here our flowers are blooming and our oranges are about to bear. Let's hold a festival to tell the world about our paradise." By 1895, the festivities had outgrown
408-541: A billion dollars raised between 2001 and 2013), the Huntington is among the wealthiest cultural institutions in the United States. It has undertaken major restorations and construction including a $ 60 million education and visitors center opened in 2015. Each year some 1,700 scholars conduct research there, and 600,000 people visit. The library building was designed in 1920 by the southern California architect Myron Hunt in
510-614: A boon to Pasadena as Southern California became a major staging area for the Pacific War . High tech manufacturing and scientific companies made the city their home, a trend which continued in the decades following the war, notably with NASA 's Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Tetra Tech and Ameron International. In the 1950s, Pasadena saw a steady influx of people from the Southern United States , especially African-Americans from Texas and Louisiana . Pasadena also began hosting
612-643: A decade. A year later, the 210 Freeway was built along a newly chosen route. The freeway's construction was controversial, as it caused the demolition of over a thousand homes, many historic, and many claimed that the route was designed to cut off the city's less wealthy neighborhoods. Downtown Pasadena became dangerous in some parts and deserted in others, and incidences of murder and arson skyrocketed. Old Pasadena faced destruction as plans for new high-rise developments were drawn up, though they were mostly stopped by increasingly active preservation advocates. Pasadena suffered demographically as many residents moved for
714-402: A female householder with no husband present, 2,460 (4.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 3,016 (5.5%) unmarried partnerships . 18,838 households (34.1%) were made up of individuals, and 5,748 (10.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42. There were 30,876 families (55.9% of all households); the average family size
816-512: A float, going through the parade together with the line of parades. The Rose Courts also represent their own local communities and their high school that they attend. The Rose Bowl , a National Historic Landmark , is host of the first and most famous college football postseason bowl game , the Tournament of Roses Rose Bowl Game, every New Year's Day. In 1895, the Tournament of Roses Association
918-478: A gesture of good will, Wilson added 2,000 acres (8 km ) of then-useless highland property, part of which would become Altadena . Colonel Jabez Banbury opened the first school on South Orange Grove Avenue. Banbury had twin daughters, named Jennie and Jessie. The two became the first students to attend Pasadena's first school on Orange Grove. At the time, the Indiana Colony was a narrow strip of land between
1020-451: A large immigrant community, particularly from China , Japan , Philippines , Mexico , Guatemala , El Salvador , Italy , Armenia , and India . The American Academy of Dramatic Arts , founded in 1884 in New York, opened its Pasadena campus in 1974. However, in 2001 the conservatory moved from Pasadena to Hollywood. Training actors for the stage in a two year program, the conservatory
1122-712: A large monument, in the Gardens of the Huntington Library in San Marino, California. The Huntington Hotel was originally named Hotel Wentworth when it opened on February 1, 1907. Financial problems and a disappointing first season forced it to close indefinitely. Henry Huntington purchased the Wentworth in 1911, renaming it the Huntington Hotel. It reopened in 1914, transformed into a winter resort. The 1920s were prosperous for
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#17328456495921224-583: A portrait by Oswald Birley at the Huntington Library , portraits of Huntington were also painted by the Swiss-born American artist Adolfo Müller-Ury who built a studio less than a mile from Huntington's estate in San Marino in 1924-1925: a full-length, based on a photograph, is at the Collis Potter & Howard Edwards Huntington Memorial Hospital in Pasadena, and two seated versions, a small one of which
1326-470: A real estate boom. Tourist hotels were developed in the city. Pasadena became a winter resort for wealthy Easterners, spurring the development of new neighborhoods and business districts, and increased road and transit connections with Los Angeles. In 1940, when the Arroyo Seco Parkway , California's first freeway, connected Pad. By that time, Pasadena had become the eighth-largest city in California and
1428-814: A road to the summit, and develop the hill as a park to benefit the city of Riverside. park. The road was completed in February 1907. The property was later donated to the city of Riverside by the heirs of Frank Miller, and today the hill is a 161-acre (0.65 km ; 0.252 sq mi) city park. Huntington was a Life Member of the Sons of the Revolution in the State of California. Huntington retired from business in 1916. On May 23, 1927, Henry E. Huntington died in Philadelphia while undergoing surgery. He and Arabella are buried, with
1530-463: A wide variety of restaurants, nightclubs, outdoor cafés, pubs, and comedy clubs. "One Colorado" features renovated historic architecture that attracted the new retail stores and restaurants. This development filled vacant buildings and was the impetus of the revitalization of Old Town on Colorado Boulevard . Paseo Colorado is an open-air mall that covers three city blocks, anchored on the west end by upscale grocery store Gelson's (recently closed), on
1632-611: Is a city in Los Angeles County, California , United States, 11 miles (18 km) northeast of downtown Los Angeles . It is the most populous city and the primary cultural center of the San Gabriel Valley . Old Pasadena is the city's original commercial district. Its population was 138,699 at the 2020 census , making it the 45th largest city in California and the ninth-largest city in Los Angeles County. Pasadena
1734-505: Is a large swap meet that involves thousands of dealers and tens of thousands of visitors in and around the grounds of the Rose Bowl. The merchandise on display ranges from old world antiques to California pottery to vintage clothing. The flea market has been held every second Sunday of the month since 1967. According to the City's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in
1836-664: Is bounded by the Raymond Fault line, the San Rafael Hills , and the San Gabriel Mountains . The Arroyo Seco , a major geographic feature and home of the Rose Bowl, flows from headwaters in Pasadena's towering Angeles National Forest greenbelt in the San Gabriel Mountains . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 23.1 square miles (60 km ), over 99% of it land; 0.68%
1938-719: Is housed in The Huntington Art Gallery, the original Huntington residence. The permanent installation also includes selections from the Arabella D. Huntington Memorial Art Collection, which contains Italian and Northern Renaissance paintings and a spectacular collection of 18th-century French tapestries , porcelain, and furniture. Some of the best known works in the European collection include The Blue Boy by Thomas Gainsborough , Pinkie by Thomas Lawrence , and Madonna and Child by Rogier van der Weyden . Complementing
2040-696: Is the only library in the world with the first two quartos of Hamlet ; it holds the manuscript of Benjamin Franklin 's autobiography , Isaac Newton 's personal copy of his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica with annotations in Newton's own hand, the first seven drafts of Henry David Thoreau 's Walden , John James Audubon 's Birds of America , and first editions and manuscripts from authors such as Charles Bukowski , Jack London , Alexander Pope , William Blake , Mark Twain , and William Wordsworth . The library's main exhibition hall showcases some of
2142-414: Is typically sparse, but the marine layer becomes more persistent. Locals have dubbed June " June Gloom " as it is the cloudiest month despite being the 3rd driest month. By July, the marine layer subsides as inland areas cool due to an increased monsoon flow. Heatwaves from July through October can be oppressive and lengthy. In addition, it rarely rains during the summer and fall months, and only does when
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#17328456495922244-657: Is water. Pasadena has a Mediterranean climate ( Köppen Csa ), with typically hotter summers and slightly cooler winters than nearby coastal areas. Its location relative to the San Gabriel mountains allows the orographic lift to add several more inches of rainfall per year than nearby areas. During the first few months of the year, Pasadena experiences cool to warm highs, typically in the upper 60s (16–18 °C) to lower 70s (21–24 °C). Colder days are usually accompanied by heavier rain. By April, temperatures warm further, and rain tapers off significantly. By May and June, rain
2346-483: Is well represented in Pasadena. The architectural firm Greene and Greene developed the style; many of its residences still stand. Two examples of their Ultimate bungalow are the masterpiece Gamble House , of which public tours are available, and the Robert R. Blacker House , both designated California Historical Landmarks and enrolled on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places . The Second World War proved to be
2448-953: The Central Pacific Railroad (later part of the Southern Pacific ), one of the two railroads that built the transcontinental railway in 1869. Henry Huntington later worked with his uncle, holding several executive positions under him with the Southern Pacific . After Collis Huntington's death in 1900, Henry Huntington assumed the senior Huntington's leadership role with Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company in Virginia . He later married his uncle's widow Arabella Huntington . In 1906, Huntington divorced his first wife Mary Alice Prentice Huntington (1852–1916). They had four children together: Howard Edward (1876–1922), Clara Leonora (1878–1965), Elizabeth Vincent (1880–1965), and Marian Prentice (1883–1973). His wife Mary died in 1916. She
2550-587: The Japanese Tea Garden at the Golden Gate Park) sold his commercial Japanese tea garden to Henry E. Huntington to create the foundations of what is known today as the Japanese Garden. The garden was completed in 1912 and opened to the public in 1928. According to historian Kendall Brown, the garden consists of three gardens: the original stroll garden with koi -filled ponds and a drum or moon bridge ,
2652-683: The Los Angeles Basin for thousands of years. Pasadena means "valley" in the language of the Ojibwe , a Native American tribe not local to the region. The name was chosen by American colonists from Indiana who would later move to the area. The Spanish first colonized the Los Angeles Basin in the 1770s as part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain , building the San Gabriel Mission and renaming
2754-522: The Mediterranean Revival style. Hunt's previous commissions for Mr. and Mrs. Huntington included the Huntington's residence in San Marino in 1909, and the Huntington Hotel in 1914. The library contains a substantial collection of rare books and manuscripts, concentrated in the fields of British and American history, literature, art, and the history of science. Spanning from the 11th century to
2856-935: The Planetary Society , the Pasadena Playhouse , the Ambassador Auditorium , the Norton Simon Museum , and the USC Pacific Asia Museum . The earliest known inhabitants of Pasadena and its surroundings were members of the Native American Hahamog-na tribe, a branch of the Tongva Nation. They spoke the Tongva language , part of the Uto-Aztecan language group. Native Americans had lived in
2958-671: The San Gabriel Mountains . In 1905, Huntington, A. Kingsley Macomber , and William R. Staats developed the Oak Knoll subdivision , located to the west of his San Marino estate in the oak-covered hilly terrain near Pasadena . In 1906, Huntington, along with Frank Miller , owner of the Mission Inn , and Charles M. Loring , formed the Huntington Park Association , with the intent to purchase Mount Rubidoux in Riverside , build
3060-628: The Shakespeare Garden , Subtropical and Jungle Garden, and the Chinese Garden (Liu Fang Yuan 流芳園 or the Garden of Flowing Fragrance). The Rose Hills Foundation Conservatory for Botanical Science has a large tropical plant collection, as well as a carnivorous plants wing. The Huntington has a program to protect and propagate endangered plant species. In 1999, 2002, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021, specimens of Amorphophallus titanum , or
3162-719: The USC-Huntington Early Modern Studies Institute and the Huntington-USC Institute on California and the West . The Huntington's collections are displayed in permanent installations housed in the Huntington Art Gallery and Virginia Steele Scott Gallery of American Art. Special temporary exhibitions are mounted in the MaryLou and George Boone Gallery, with smaller, focused exhibitions displayed in
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3264-500: The "Cloud Steps" bridge, opened on March 8, 2014. There were other pavilions, including the "Flowery Brush Studio", and structures completed under phase two. A place to display its large collections of penjing and bonsai has completed. The Desert Garden , one of the world's largest and oldest outdoor collections of cacti and other succulents , contains plants from extreme environments, many of which were acquired by Henry E. Huntington and William Hertrich (the garden curator). One of
3366-590: The "Japanese Garden", the "Desert Garden", and the "Chinese Garden". As a landowner, Henry Edwards Huntington (1850–1927) played a major role in the growth of Southern California . Huntington was born in 1850, in Oneonta, New York , and was the nephew and heir of Collis P. Huntington (1821–1900), one of the famous "Big Four" railroad tycoons of nineteenth century California history . In 1892, Huntington relocated to San Francisco with his first wife, Mary Alice Prentice, and their four children. In 1902, he relocated from
3468-593: The American art collections include Breakfast in Bed by Mary Cassatt , The Long Leg by Edward Hopper , Small Crushed Campbell's Soup Can (Beef Noodle) by Andy Warhol , and Global Loft (Spread) by Robert Rauschenberg . As of 2014, the collection numbers some 12,000 works, ninety percent of them drawings, photographs and prints. In 2014, the library acquired the Millard Sheets mural Southern California landscape (1934),
3570-606: The Arroyo Seco and Fair Oaks Avenue . On the other side of the street was Wilson's Lake Vineyard development. After more than a decade of parallel development on both sides, the two settlements merged into the City of Pasadena. The region drew people from across the country. In 1887, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway opened its Second District and began making stops at the Santa Fe Depot in downtown Pasadena. This triggered
3672-463: The Arroyo Seco area. The new stadium hosted its first New Year's Day football game in 1923. It was soon christened "The Rose Bowl", as was the game itself . The Rose Bowl , also holds annual Fourth of July events in its stadium. Since fireworks are illegal in Los Angeles County. Due to fireworks being banned or illegal, people gather together at the Rose Bowl to watch the night sky light up with colorful fireworks. The legendary Pasadena Playhouse ,
3774-474: The European collections is the Huntington's American art holdings, a collection of paintings, prints, drawings, sculptures, and photographs dating from the 17th to the mid-20th century. The institution did not begin collecting American art until 1979, when it received a gift of 50 paintings from the Virginia Steele Scott Foundation. Consequently, The Virginia Steele Scott Gallery of American Art
3876-593: The Harry Hirao Suiseki Court, where visitors can touch the suiseki or viewing stones. The Huntington Botanical Gardens were honored with a postal stamp as a part of the American Gardens stamps on May 13, 2020. The Desert Garden was featured. The gardens are frequently used as a filming location. Footage shot there has been included in: Footnotes Citations Henry E. Huntington Henry Edwards Huntington (February 27, 1850 – May 23, 1927)
3978-524: The Huntington's most botanically important gardens, the Desert Garden brings together a plant group largely unknown and unappreciated in the beginning of the 1900s. Containing a broad category of xerophytes ( aridity -adapted plants), the Desert Garden grew to preeminence and remains today among the world's finest, with more than 5,000 species. In 1911, art dealer George Turner Marsh (who also created
4080-650: The Mexican owners of Rancho del Rincon de San Pascual was Manuel Garfias , who retained title to the property through the American conquest of California in 1848 and statehood in 1850. Garfias sold sections of the property to the first Anglo settlers to come into the area: Dr. Benjamin Eaton , the father of Fred Eaton ; and Dr. S. Griffin. Much of the property was purchased by Benjamin Wilson , who established his Lake Vineyard property in
4182-760: The Michael J. Connell Foundation, corporations and individuals. Both the Federal art-supporting establishment of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities gave emergency grants, the former of $ 17,500 to "support conservation and other related costs resulting from a serious fire at the Gallery of Art", and the latter of $ 30,000 to "support the restoration of several fire-damaged works of art that depict
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4284-647: The Rose Court. There are total 7 candidates that advances to the Rose Court and one is chosen to be the Rose Queen and the others to be the Rose Princess. The Rose Court's main goal is to support local communities and local stores. They visit small stores owned by local residents to boost the activity of the area and to keep them in the current flow of the economics. During the Rose Parade, the Rose Court members are also on
4386-508: The Santa Ana winds. The Santa Ana winds can produce heat, high winds, power outages, tree damage and an increased wildfire threat whenever they strike. By December, lows typically drop into the 40s (below 10 °C) with the occasional reading in the 30s (under 5 °C and down to freezing). Highs remain around 68 °F (20 °C) with heatwaves pushing temperatures into the mid-80s (around 30 °C). A high temperature of at least 85 °F (29 °C) has been recorded on all 365 days of
4488-432: The State Theater of California, is a member supported theater company that celebrated their centennial season in 2018. The theater puts on five shows a year. In 1937, the Pasadena Playhouse established a record as the only theatre in the United States to have staged the entire Shakespearean canon. Today, the Playhouse is known for their innovative productions. The Pasadena Symphony , founded in 1928, offers several concerts
4590-456: The Valley Hunt Club, and the Tournament of Roses Association was formed to take charge of the parade. The Rose Parade, as it is familiarly known, traditionally features elaborate floats, bands and equestrian units. According to the organizers, "Every inch of every float must be covered with flowers, or other natural materials, such as leaves, seeds, or bark. On average a float requires about 100,000 flowers and greenery. Volunteer workers swarm over
4692-408: The Works on Paper Room in the Huntington Art Gallery and the Susan and Stephen Chandler Wing of the Scott Galleries. In addition the gallery also hosts different exhibitions of photography throughout the year including those about different social and political subjects. The European collection, consisting largely of 18th- and 19th-century British & French paintings, sculptures and decorative arts,
4794-418: The best view along the parade route. The Rose Parade is satirized by the popular Doo Dah Parade , an annual event that originated in Old Pasadena in 1978, and soon gained national notoriety. Reader's Digest named the Doo Dah Parade "America's Best Parade", and was a recent feature in 50 Places You Must Visit Before You Die! . It was formerly held around Thanksgiving, a month before the Rose Parade, but
4896-474: The cities of Huntington Beach and Huntington Park , as well as Huntington Lake . Huntington is credited with creating the first Homeowner's Association as a means of de facto segregation in his investment properties. Also in greater Los Angeles are the Huntington Hospital in Pasadena , Henry E. Huntington Middle School in San Marino , and the grand boulevard, Huntington Drive , running eastbound from downtown Los Angeles. Its landscaped central parkway
4998-410: The city are: Other companies based in Pasadena include Idealab , Inter-Con Security , Green Dot Corporation , Tetra Tech , Wesco Financial , OpenX , Stark Spirits Distillery, and Wetzel's Pretzels . The Los Angeles office of China Eastern Airlines is also located in Pasadena. Pasadena is home to the Tournament of Roses Parade, held each year on January 1 (or on January 2, if the 1st falls on
5100-656: The city is located just north-west of the townhall on the other side of Garfield Avenue. The 2010 United States Census reported that Pasadena had a population of 137,122. The population density was 5,928.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,289.1/km ). The racial makeup of Pasadena was 76,550 (55.8%) White , 14,650 (10.7%) African American , down from 19.0% in 1990, 827 (0.6%) Native American , 19,595 (14.3%) Asian , 134 (0.1%) Pacific Islander , 18,675 (13.6%) from other races , and 6,691 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race numbered 46,174 persons (33.7%). Non-Hispanic White residents were 38.8% of
5202-435: The complete archives of Morris's decorative arts firm Morris & Co. and its predecessor Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co. These materials formed the foundation for the 2002 exhibit "William Morris: Creating the Useful and the Beautiful". In 2005, actor Steve Martin gave $ 1 million to the Huntington to support exhibitions and acquisitions of American art, with three-quarters of the money to be spent on exhibitions and
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#17328456495925304-518: The development of roses from ancient to modern times. A Chinese garden , the largest outside of China, was dedicated on February 26, 2008, after artisans from Suzhou, China spent some six months at Huntington to construct the first phase of the newest facility. On 12 acres (4.9 ha) at the northwest corner of the Huntington, the garden features man-made lakes ("Pond of Reflected Greenery" and "Lake of Reflected Fragrance") with pavilions connected by bridges. Unique Chinese names are assigned to many of
5406-429: The dining room wall painting originally painted for homeowners Fred H. and Bessie Ranke in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles. In 1999, the Huntington acquired the collection of materials relating to Arts and Crafts artist and designer William Morris amassed by Sanford and Helen Berger, comprising stained glass, wallpaper, textiles, embroidery, drawings, ceramics, more than 2,000 books, original woodblock prints , and
5508-431: The early 1900s and was demolished in 1934. The world-famous Mount Lowe Railway and associated mountain hotels shut down four years later due to fire damage. Three hotel structures have survived, the Green Hotel (a co-op since 1926), the Vista Del Arroyo (now used as a Federal courthouse), and a residential tower of the Maryland at 80 North Euclid Avenue (a co-op since 1953). The American Craftsman era in art and design
5610-476: The east end by Macy's (also closed) and Arclight Cinemas centers the middle portion of the mall. Another shopping district is located in the South Lake Avenue neighborhood. On Lake Avenue, a Macy's department store and furniture gallery is in a registered California historical landmark. The building was originally designed and built as the fourth Bullock's department store in the mid-1950s (the last freestanding store they constructed). The Rose Bowl Flea Market
5712-506: The eastern Pacific and dry years with La Niña cold water conditions. The most rainfall in one month was 19.70 inches (500.4 mm) in February 1980. The most rainfall in 24 hours was 7.70 inches (195.6 mm) on March 2, 1938. Situated at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains, snow is known to fall occasionally in Pasadena. The heaviest snowfall in Pasadena history occurred on January 11, 1949; 8 inches (20.3 cm) fell at Pasadena's city hall and more than 14 inches (35.6 cm) fell in
5814-463: The end of the 1930s the hotel was vibrant again. When World War II began, all reservations were cancelled and the hotel was rented to the Army for $ 3,000 a month. Following the war, the Huntington's fortunes improved again. In 1954 Stephen Royce sold the hotel to the Sheraton Corporation , serving as general manager until his retirement in 1969. The hotel operated until 1985, when it closed because of its inability to meet seismic standards. The structure
5916-436: The facilities in the garden, such as the tea house , known as the "Hall of the Jade Camellia". Other pavilions are the "Love for the Lotus Pavilion", "Terrace of the Jade Mirror", and "Pavilion of the Three Friends". The initial phase cost $ 18.3 million to build. The second phase, which includes the "Clear and Transcendent Pavilion", "Lingering Clouds Peak" with a waterfall, Waveless Boat, "Crossing through Fragrance" bridge and
6018-440: The financial and political center of Northern California , San Francisco , to the state's newer southern major metropolis, Los Angeles . In 1903, he purchased the 600-acre "San Marino Ranch" from James DeBarth Shorb Jr (1870–1907) for $ 240,000. He later purchased other large tracts of land in the Pasadena and Los Angeles areas of Los Angeles County for urban and suburban development. He divorced Mary Alice Prentice in 1906. He
6120-405: The find a secret, Berry code-named the area "Muscat" after the grape that Wilson grew. To raise funds to bring the company of people to San Pascual, Berry formed the Southern California Orange and Citrus Growers Association and sold stock in it. The newcomers were able to purchase a large portion of the property along the Arroyo Seco and on January 31, 1874, they incorporated the Indiana Colony . As
6222-399: The floats in the days after Christmas, their hands and clothes covered with glue and petals." The most perishable flowers are placed in small vials of water, which are placed onto the float individually. Over the almost 3 hours of the parade, floats, and participants travel over five miles (8.0 km) and pass by over one million viewers who traditionally camp out over New Year's Eve to have
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#17328456495926324-413: The foothills above the city. The most recent snowfall in Pasadena was 1 inch (2.5 cm) on February 21, 2019. On November 30 and December 1, 2011, Pasadena, along with surrounding communities, was struck by a major windstorm caused by Santa Ana winds. The city suffered heavy damage with trees toppled, buildings damaged and even the roof of a gas station torn off. The official NOAA weather station for
6426-403: The hotel, as Midwestern and Eastern entrepreneurs discovered California's warm winter climate. The hotel's reputation for fine service began with long-time general manager and later owner Stephen W. Royce. By 1926, the hotel's success prompted Royce to open the property year-round. The "golden years" ended with the stock market crash and the Great Depression of the late 1920s and early 1930s. By
6528-423: The late Shapazian. The first purchase from the fund was the painting Global Loft (Spread) (1979) by Robert Rauschenberg . In 2012, the museum acquired its first major work by an African-American artist when it purchased a 22-foot-long carved redwood panel from 1937 by sculptor Sargent Claude Johnson . In October 2023, the museum unveiled a 320-year-old, 3,000 square feet (280 m) Japanese home once owned by
6630-410: The library's photographic archive of the Dead Sea Scrolls would be available to all qualified scholars, not just those approved by the international team of editors that had so long limited access to a chosen few. The collection consists of 3,000 photographs of all the original scrolls. Through a partnership with the University of Southern California , the library has established two research centers:
6732-421: The local Tongva people "Gabrielino Indians", after the name of the mission. Today, several bands of Tongva people live in the Los Angeles area. In 1821, Mexico became independent of Spain, and California came under control of the Mexican government. In 1833, the mission lands were secularized and most of the lands in California were granted to private Mexican citizens in the form of ranchos. Present-day Pasadena
6834-407: The most outstanding rare books and manuscripts in the collection, while the West Hall of the library hosts rotating exhibitions. The Dibner Hall of the History of Science is a permanent exhibition on the history of science with a focus on astronomy, natural history, medicine, and light. With the 2006 acquisition of the Burndy Library , a collection of nearly 60,000 items, the Huntington became one of
6936-424: The narrow gauge city-oriented Los Angeles Railway (LARy), known as the 'Yellow Car' system. In 1901, Huntington formed the sprawling interurban, standard gauge Pacific Electric Railway (the PE), known as the 'Red Car' system, centered at 6th and Main streets in Los Angeles. Huntington succeeded in this competition by providing passenger-friendly streetcars on 24/7 schedules, which the railroads could not match. This
7038-454: The nearby suburbs or the Inland Empire , causing an overall decrease in population. Despite these setbacks, many local artists and hipsters moved in to take advantage of low property values. Their legacy can be seen today in the Doo Dah Parade which began in 1976. In 2014, several arrests were made involving an embezzlement scheme which stole an estimated $ 6.4 million from the city's Underground Utility Program. The greater Pasadena area
7140-494: The odiferous "corpse flower", bloomed at the facility. There were a total of fourteen corpse flowers bloomed at Huntington since 1999. Three flowers opened in July 2021. The Camellia Collection, recognized as an International Camellia Garden of Excellence, includes nearly eighty different camellia species and some 1,200 cultivated varieties, many of them rare and historic. The Rose Garden contains approximately 1,200 cultivars (4,000 individual plants) arranged historically to trace
7242-461: The parade is now held in January. In 2011, after 33 years in Pasadena, the parade moved to East Pasadena for the first time. It features unusual and absurd entrants such as the BBQ & Hibachi Marching Grill Team, the Men of Leisure, and the Bastard Sons of Lee Marvin. Proceeds from the parade's pancake breakfast, T-shirts, and after-party are donated to charity. The Tournament of Roses also auditions local female high school students to be part of
7344-492: The population living below the federal poverty line. For people ages 25 and over, 88.3% had a high school degree or higher while 52.3% had a Bachelor's degree or higher. According to Mapping L.A. , Mexican and English were the most common ethnic ancestries cited by residents in 2000. Mexico and the Philippines were the most common foreign places of birth. Old Town Pasadena spans 21 blocks downtown. It boasts shops and
7446-414: The population, down from 70.4% in 1970. The Census reported that 133,629 people (97.5% of the population) lived in households, 2,472 (1.8%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 1,021 (0.7%) were institutionalized. There were 55,270 households, out of which 14,459 (26.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 22,285 (40.3%) were married couples living together, 6,131 (11.1%) had
7548-527: The present, the library's holdings contain 7 million manuscript items, over 400,000 rare books, and over a million photographs, prints, and other ephemera . Highlights include one of eleven vellum copies of the Gutenberg Bible known to exist, the Ellesmere manuscript of Chaucer (ca. 1410), and letters and manuscripts by George Washington , Thomas Jefferson , Benjamin Franklin , and Abraham Lincoln . It
7650-661: The raked-gravel dry garden added in 1968, and the traditionally landscaped tea garden. In addition, the gardens feature a large bell, the authentic ceremonial teahouse Seifu-an (the Arbor of Pure Breeze), a fully furnished Japanese house, the Zen Garden, and the bonsai collections with hundreds of trees. The Bonsai Courts at the Huntington is the home of the Golden State Bonsai Federation Southern Collection. Another ancient Japanese art form can be found at
7752-535: The remnants of hurricanes and tropical storms pass by. In fact, some days in both July and August have never recorded rainfall. It is not impossible to go 6 months without measurable precipitation. The average highest temperature recorded each year is around 106 °F (41 °C). The hottest heatwaves of the year usually occur in mid to late September. By late October, temperatures drop off. By November, Pacific storms return to Pasadena, bringing increasingly heavy rain and cooler weather. Along with them, however, are
7854-411: The required form(s) of identification at orientation. Through a rigorous peer-review program, the institution awards approximately 150 grants to scholars in the fields of history, literature, art, and the history of science, medicine, and technology. The Huntington also hosts numerous scholarly events, lectures, conferences, and workshops. In September 1991, then-director William A. Moffett announced that
7956-460: The rest on purchases of artworks. In 2009, Andy Warhol 's painting Small Crushed Campbell's Soup Can (Beef Noodle) (1962) as well as group of the artist's Brillo Boxes were donated by the estate of Robert Shapazian, the founding director of Gagosian Gallery in Beverly Hills. In 2011, a $ 1.75 million acquisition fund for post-1945 American art was established by unidentified patrons in honor of
8058-427: The story of Western culture." On September 5, 2019, The Huntington kicked off a year-long celebration of its centennial year with exhibitions, special programs, initiatives, a special Huntington 100th rose, and a float in the 2020 Rose Parade in nearby Pasadena, California . The executive leaders of The Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens are: With an endowment of more than $ 400 million (and half
8160-524: The system contained over 20 streetcar lines and 1,250 trolleys, most running through the core of Los Angeles and serving such nearby neighborhoods as the Crenshaw district , West Adams , Echo Park , Westlake , Hancock Park , Exposition Park , Vernon , Boyle Heights and Lincoln Heights . The system integrated the 1902 acquisition, the Mount Lowe Scenic Railway above Altadena, California in
8262-478: The top institutions in the world for the study of the history of science and technology . On December 14, 2022, the library announced they had acquired the archive of American author Thomas Pynchon . Researchers over age 18 may use the Library's reading rooms to consult the collection upon establishing a research need that requires the use of The Huntington's collections, identifying specific materials, and presenting
8364-618: The vicinity. Wilson, known as Don Benito to the local Indians, also owned the Rancho Jurupa ( Riverside, California ) and was mayor of Los Angeles . He was the grandfather of WWII General George S. Patton, Jr. and the namesake of Mount Wilson . In 1873, Wilson was visited by Dr. Daniel M. Berry of Indiana, who was looking for a place in the country that could offer a mild climate for his patients, most of whom suffered from respiratory ailments. Berry, an asthmatic, concluded that he had his best three nights' sleep at Rancho San Pascual. To keep
8466-489: The world. Huntington worked to make them thrive in the generous California climate. Today his many projects of horticulture live on, providing opportunities for botanical research and for enjoyment. The gardens are divided into more than a dozen themes, including the Australian Garden, Camellia Collection, Children's Garden, Desert Garden , Herb Garden, Japanese Garden , Lily Ponds, North Vista, Palm Garden, Rose Garden ,
8568-530: The year, with temperatures over 100 °F (38 °C) possible April through early November. Pasadena averages 20.08 inches (510.0 mm) of rain a year, about 6 inches (150 mm) more than nearby Los Angeles due to the orographic effect created by the San Gabriel Mountains . The wettest "rain year" was from July 1940 to June 1941 with 46.32 inches (1,176.5 mm) and the driest from July 1960 to June 1961 with 7.18 inches (182.4 mm). Wet years are commonly associated with El Niño warm surface water in
8670-438: Was 2.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.6%. 64,306 people (46.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 69,323 people (50.6%) lived in rental housing units . According to the 2010 United States Census, Pasadena had a median household income of $ 69,302, with 13.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line . During 2015–2019, Pasadena had a median household income of $ 83,068, with 14.5% of
8772-654: Was 3.18. The age distribution of the population was as follows: 26,507 people (19.3%) were under the age of 18, 12,609 people (9.2%) aged 18 to 24, 45,371 people (33.1%) aged 25 to 44, 34,073 people (24.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 18,562 people (13.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.5 males. There were 59,551 housing units at an average density of 2,574.8 units per square mile (994.1 units/km ), of which 24,863 (45.0%) were owner-occupied, and 30,407 (55.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate
8874-549: Was acquired by Huntington's son-in-law John Metcalf, and a larger one (which is presumed lost) which was engraved by an artist called Witherspoon in 1928. The artist also painted Huntington's granddaughter Mary Brockway Metcalf (this is on long-term loan to the offices of the Director of the Huntington Library and Art Gallery). Pasadena, California Pasadena ( / ˌ p æ s ə ˈ d iː n ə / PAS -ə- DEE -nə )
8976-750: Was an American railroad magnate and collector of art and rare books. Huntington settled in Los Angeles , where he owned the Pacific Electric Railway as well as substantial real estate interests. In addition to being a businessman and art collector, Huntington was a major booster for Los Angeles in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Many places in California are named after him. Born in 1850 in Oneonta, New York , to Solon Huntington (1812–1890) and his wife, Henry Saunders (1821–1906) grew up hearing about his uncle Collis P. Huntington . His uncle became one of The Big Four , instrumental in creating
9078-695: Was built of reinforced concrete in 1906. After a 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 -year major renovation, the hotel reopened in March 1991 as the Ritz Carlton Huntington Hotel and Spa. The hotel completed a $ 19 million renovation in January 2006; it changed hands in early 2007 and became Langham Brand International, Huntington Hotel & SPA. Huntington left a prominent legacy with the Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens on his former estate in San Marino near Pasadena. Other legacies in California include
9180-624: Was dedicated to Huntington in 1907, in recognition of his contributions to the development of Mount Rubidoux, remains on a large boulder known as Huntington Rock. After Huntington's death a second tablet was placed on the north side of the hill at a place named the Huntington Shrine. His legacy on the East Coast includes the Huntington Memorial Library in Oneonta, New York , opened July 9, 1920 in his childhood home. As well as
9282-512: Was divided between Rancho San Rafael (lands west of the Arroyo Seco extending to present-day Burbank in the northwest to Glassell Park in the southwest), Rancho del Rincon de San Pascual , (present-day central Pasadena, Altadena , and South Pasadena ), and Rancho Santa Anita (present-day east Pasadena, Arcadia, and Monrovia). Rancho del Rincon de San Pascual was so named because it was deeded on Easter Sunday to Eulalia Perez de Guillén Mariné of Mission San Gabriel Arcángel . The last of
9384-557: Was established in 1984. In 2009, the Virginia Steele Scott Galleries were expanded, refurbished, and reinstalled. The new showcase, a $ 1.6 million project designed to give the Huntington's growing American art collection more space and visibility, combines the original, 1984 American gallery with the Lois and Robert F. Erburu Gallery, a modern classical addition designed by Los Angeles architect Frederick Fisher . Highlights among
9486-401: Was formed to take charge of the parade. In 1902, the association declared that a football game would be added to the day's events. This was the first post-season college football game to be played on New Year's Day and is known as, "The Grandaddy of Them All"; many other football stadiums followed suit. After two decades, the game outgrew its original facility, and a new stadium was constructed in
9588-521: Was in the period of a boom in Southern California land development. Housing was built in places such as Orange County's Huntington Beach , a Huntington-sponsored development, and streetcars served passenger needs that the railroads had not considered. Connectivity to Downtown Los Angeles made such suburbs feasible. By 1910, the Huntington trolley systems spanned approximately 1,300 miles (2,100 km) of Southern California. At its greatest extent,
9690-662: Was incorporated on June 19, 1886, becoming one of the first cities to be incorporated in what is now Los Angeles County, following the city of Los Angeles (April 4, 1850). Pasadena is known for hosting the annual Rose Bowl football game and Tournament of Roses Parade . It is also home to many scientific, educational, and cultural institutions, including the California Institute of Technology , Pasadena City College , Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Fuller Theological Seminary , Theosophical Society , Parsons Corporation , Art Center College of Design ,
9792-403: Was influenced in large part by Arabella, and with art experts to guide him, he benefited from a post- World War I European market that was "ready to sell almost anything". Before his death in 1927, Huntington amassed "far and away the greatest group of eighteenth-century British portraits ever assembled by any one man". In accordance with Huntington's will, the collection, then worth $ 50 million,
9894-921: Was one of the founders of the City of San Marino which was incorporated on April 25, 1913. On July 16, 1913, he married his uncle's widow, Arabella Huntington (1851–1924). As president of the Pacific Electric Railway Company , the regional streetcar and public transit system for the Los Angeles metropolitan area and southern California and also of the Los Angeles Railway Company , (later the Southern California Railway ), he spearheaded urban and regional transportation efforts to link together far-flung communities, supporting growth of those communities as well as promoting commerce, recreation and tourism. Huntington's interest in art
9996-622: Was opened to the public in 1928. On October 17, 1985, a fire erupted in an elevator shaft of the Huntington Art Gallery and destroyed Sir Joshua Reynolds 's 1777 portrait of Mrs. Edwin Lascelles . After a year-long, $ 1 million refurbishing project, the Huntington Gallery reopened in 1986, with its artworks cleaned of soot and stains. Most of the funds for the cleanup and refurbishing of the Georgian mansion and its artworks came from donations from
10098-589: Was previously the right-of-way for the Northern Division of the Pacific Electric. Riverside's city park on Mount Rubidoux was originally named Huntington Park, and the road to the top was named Huntington Drive. After Frank Miller's heirs donated the property to the city, the city renamed the park the Frank A. Miller Rubidoux Memorial Park, and the road has become known as Mount Rubidoux Drive. A plaque that
10200-635: Was the birth sister of Clara Elizabeth Prentice-Huntington , whom his Uncle Collis and his first wife Elizabeth had adopted. Huntington's marriage to the widowed Arabella Huntington in 1913 shocked San Francisco society. They were about the same age, so had no children. Huntington expected to assume control of the Central and Southern Pacific after his uncle's death. He was blocked by bondholder's representative James Speyer , forcing him to sell his interests to E. H. Harriman . In 1898, in friendly competition with his uncle's Southern Pacific, Huntington bought
10302-475: Was the first school in the United States to offer professional education in the field of acting. Point Loma Nazarene University was located in Pasadena for many years before relocating to San Diego County , and retained the names Pasadena University and Pasadena College. In 1969, the Pasadena Unified School District was desegregated, though the issue would continue to be fought in court for
10404-517: Was widely considered a twin city to Los Angeles. The first of the hotels to be established in Pasadena was the Raymond (1886) atop Bacon Hill, renamed Raymond Hill after construction.The original Mansard Victorian 200-room facility burned down on Easter morning of 1895, was rebuilt in 1903, and razed during the Great Depression to make way for residential development. The Maryland Hotel existed from
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