105-459: Howard Avenue may refer to: Howard Avenue (Windsor, Ontario) , Canada Howard Avenue (Tampa) , Florida Howard Avenue (New Haven) , Connecticut Howard Avenue (New Orleans) , Louisiana [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
210-472: A honeymoon destination, describing itself as the "honeymoon capital of the world". Its counterpart in New York also used the moniker. The phrase was most commonly used in brochures in the early twentieth century and declined in usage around the 1960s. With a plentiful and inexpensive source of hydroelectric power from the waterfalls, many electro-chemical and electro-metallurgical industries located there in
315-514: A 3.4 km (2.1 mi) Connecting Link through Port Colborne. The eastern section begins at Highway 140 and travels 21.1 km (13.1 mi) to Fort Erie. It ends at Rosehill Road, a short distance west of the Peace Bridge crossing into New York . The western segment of Highway 3 begins at the Ambassador Bridge, which connects Canada with the U.S. state of Michigan over
420-668: A 3.4-kilometre (2.1 mi) segment through Port Colborne (most of which had existed as a Connecting Link ) and a 5.6-kilometre (3.5 mi) segment in Fort Erie. To the west, a segment of the route paralleling Highway 401 between Leamington and Talbotville Royal was decommissioned on January 1, 1998 and transferred to Essex County, Chatham–Kent and Elgin County. It has since been designated as Essex County Road 34, Chatham–Kent Road 3 and Elgin County Road ;3. In 2001,
525-457: A 6.4 kilometres (4.0 mi) stretch between Maidstone and County Road 8 west of Essex. The four-laned highway opened in June 2009 at a cost of C $ 20.7 million. The C$ 22.1 million second phase involved widening the highway between Walker Road and Maidstone to a five lane cross-section, and began in mid-November 2009. It was completed in early 2012. Despite concerns raised by Crozier in 2006 that
630-518: A Municipal Accommodation Tax (MAT) fee, a percentage of which goes to the city. Fees that are present elsewhere only benefit the owners of the business itself, leading to these fees being criticized as deceptive. Some tourists have effectively fought the additional charge, while other businesses have enforced it as mandatory. In the 20th century, there was a favourable exchange rate when comparing Canadian and U.S. currencies. Niagara Falls, New York , struggles to compete against Niagara Falls, Ontario;
735-482: A century of peace, a new bridge was planned between Fort Erie and Buffalo alongside the international railway crossing. Construction began in 1925; the completed bridge opened to traffic on June 1, 1927. Two months later, on August 7, the bridge was formally dedicated as the Peace Bridge by US Vice President Charles Dawes , and Edward , Prince of Wales. Traffic patterns quickly shifted to take advantage of
840-1034: A change of 6.8% from its 2016 population of 406,074 . With a land area of 1,397.09 km (539.42 sq mi), it had a population density of 310.4/km (803.8/sq mi) in 2021. As of the 2021 Census, 20.9% of the city's population were visible minorities, 3.5% had Indigenous ancestry, and the remaining 75.6% were White. The largest visible minority groups were South Asian (6.3%), Black (3.1%), Filipino (3.0%), Chinese (2.4%), Latin American (1.6%) and Arab (1.1%). 60.1% of Niagara Falls city residents self-identified with Christian denominations in 2021, down from 74.1% in 2011. 33.2% of residents were Catholic , 13.9% were Protestant , 7.1% were Christians of unspecified denomination, and 2.4% were Christian Orthodox . All other Christian denominations/Christian related traditions made up 3.5%. 30.9% of residents were irreligious or secular, up from 22.5% in 2011. Overall, followers of non-Christian religions/spiritual traditions were 9.0% of
945-684: A continuous express route between Windsor and Fort Erie, replacing Highway 2 which had been the previous link from Highway 401 to the Ancaster-Hamilton segment of Highway 403. This left a local section of Highway 3 on Windsor surface streets as a bottleneck, however this will be bypassed by the Highway ;401 extension ( Windsor–Essex Parkway ) to the Gordie Howe International Bridge to Detroit in 2025. The history of Highway 3 dates back over 200 years to
1050-511: A letter from Lord Hobart authorizing his grant, and established what is now the town of Port Stanley . Wishing to expand his grant and create his ideal colony, Talbot sought out new settlers; a road was required. Talbot received a grant of $ 250 in September 1804 for the construction of a road between Brantford and Delhi. John Bostwick would survey the route that year; however, funding shortages would halt construction in 1806. Talbot approached
1155-510: A part of the Butler's Rangers , including Richard Pierpoint . When they were disbanded in 1783, they tried to establish themselves through farming nearby, making them among the first Black settlers in the region. It is estimated that nearly 10 percent of the Loyalists to settle in the area were Black Loyalists . Niagara Falls' Black population increased in the following decades, as a destination on
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#17328519538851260-459: A personal aide to John Graves Simcoe , the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada . He returned to England after Simcoe fell ill, but vowed to return to the hinterland he had come to love. After completing his military commission, Talbot returned to Upper Canada in 1801 at the age of 30. Although Simcoe had promised Talbot 5,000 acres (20,000,000 m ) of land in Yarmouth Township on
1365-557: A pilot project providing weekend and holiday train service from Toronto to Niagara falls from mid June to mid October. These GO Trains run seasonally between Toronto Union Station and Niagara Falls at weekends. At other times, regular hourly GO train services are provided between Toronto Union and Burlington station, where connecting bus services operate to and from the rail station at Niagara. As of January 2019, GO Transit offers two-way, weekday commuter service from Niagara Falls station (Ontario) to Union Station (Toronto) as part of
1470-512: A population of 94,415 living in 37,793 of its 39,778 total private dwellings, a change of 7.2% from its 2016 population of 88,071 . With a land area of 210.25 km (81.18 sq mi), it had a population density of 449.1/km (1,163.1/sq mi) in 2021. At the census metropolitan area (CMA) level in the 2021 census, the St. Catharines - Niagara CMA had a population of 433,604 living in 179,224 of its 190,878 total private dwellings,
1575-415: A provincial highway, followed by a segment of the route from Leamington to Talbotville Royal in 1998. All three now exist as county/regional roads. In Windsor, Highway 401 had terminated at a split interchange with Highway 3 where the freeway defaulted into Talbot Road, from 2011 to 2015 this segment of Highway 3 (Talbot Road and Huron Church Road) was realigned to accommodate the construction of
1680-676: A single interchange. However, the right-of-way is wide enough to accommodate any future upgrade to a divided expressway. At the eastern end, Highway 3 turns south onto Centennial Road and then east onto Talbot Line, following the historic Talbot Trail to east of Aylmer. This mostly straight and rural portion passes through several small villages before the Talbot Trail splits from it to follow Elgin/Norfolk County Road 38 through Straffordville . Highway 3 meanwhile curves northeast and passes through Tillsonburg , encountering Highway 19 . It then curves east and travels parallel to
1785-642: A straight line, in this case parallel to the Lake Erie shoreline. Until 1918, the majority of the primary roads through southern Ontario formed part of the County Road System. The Department of Public Works and Highways paid up to 60% of the construction and maintenance costs for these roads, while the counties were responsible for the remaining 40%. In 1919, the federal government passed the Canada Highways Act , which provided $ 20,000,000 to provinces under
1890-717: A towpath along the Grand River by the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation . The remaining work included a scheduled three-day closure during which the new bridge was jacked 5 metres (16 ft) north to align with the former structure, as well as decorative work. Work was completed in the autumn of 2015. On August 12, 2019, the MTO announced its intention to expand Highway 3 within Essex County by "twinning"
1995-480: Is 15.9 kilometres (9.9 mi). The final and shortest section of Highway 3 begins at Highway 140 on the eastern fringe of Port Colborne and lies entirely within Niagara Region. The 21.1 km (13.1 mi) segment travels several kilometres inland to Lake Erie, as well as parallel to it. From there it mostly travels along a straight line eastward through generally rural areas. The notable exception
2100-399: Is 154 centimetres (61 in), in which it can receive lake effect snow from both lakes Erie and Ontario. Summers are warm to hot and humid, with a July high of 27.4 °C (81.3 °F) and a low of 17 °C (62.6 °F). The average annual precipitation is 970.2 millimetres (38 in), which is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year. Niagara Falls holds the record for
2205-525: Is 248.9 or 258.2 km (154.7 or 160.4 mi), consisting of 49.2 km (30.6 mi) from Windsor to Leamington, 187.9 km (116.8 mi) from Talbotville Royal to Port Colborne and 21.1 km (13.1 mi) from Port Colborne to Edgewood Park. Until the late 1990s, Highway 3 formed a single continuous 413.2 km (256.8 mi) route from the Ambassador Bridge to near the Peace Bridge, but since then has had significant portion transferred to regional and county governments. A large segment of
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#17328519538852310-643: Is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario which travels parallel to the northern shoreline of Lake Erie . It has three segments, the first of which travels from the Ambassador Bridge in Windsor to Highway 77 in Leamington . The second portion begins at Talbotville Royal outside of St. Thomas at Highway 4 , and travels to the western city limits of Port Colborne . The road
2415-575: Is an inactive railway bridge; it is closed off by the Canadian Pacific Railways to prevent trespassing but can be accessed by NRPS or CBSA/CBP if required. Niagara Falls is linked to major highways in Canada. The Queen Elizabeth Way (QEW), stretching from Fort Erie to Toronto , passes through Niagara Falls. Highway 420 (along with Niagara Regional Road 420) connect the Rainbow Bridge to
2520-902: Is considered to be the first European to visit the area in the 1670s. French colonists settled mostly in Lower Canada, beginning near the Atlantic, and in Quebec and Montreal. After surveys were completed in 1782 the area was referred to as Township Number 2 as well as Mount Dorchester after Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester (and today is only honoured by Dorchester Road and the community of Dorchester Village). The earliest settlers of Township Number 2 were Philip George Bender (namesake of Bender Street and Bender Hill near Casino Niagara originally from Germany and later New Jersey and Philadelphia ) and Thomas McMicken (a Scottish-born British Army veteran). Increased settlement in this area took place during and after
2625-512: Is currently under detailed design and engineering. The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 3, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario . Footnotes Bibliography Niagara Falls, Ontario Niagara Falls is a city in Ontario , Canada, adjacent to, and named after, Niagara Falls . As of the 2021 census , the city had a population of 94,415. The city
2730-469: Is dominated by farmland for much of its length through Essex County . The now four-laned route becomes divided as it follows the Essex Bypass around the southern edge of Essex , with commercial services lining the highway, primarily on the north side. Returning to farmland and narrowing to a two lane undivided road, the highway continues southeast, passing nearby, but avoiding, several small communities that
2835-769: Is located on the Niagara Peninsula along the western bank of the Niagara River , which forms part of the Canada–United States border , with the other side being the twin city of Niagara Falls, New York . Niagara Falls is within the Regional Municipality of Niagara and a part of the St. Catharines - Niagara Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) . Tourism is a major part of the city's economy: its skyline consists of multiple high-rise hotels and observation towers that overlook
2940-596: Is more direct with a shorter distance than using the below-mentioned 400-series highways, and furthermore Highway 3 does not have to climb the Niagara Escarpment unlike parallel portions of Highway 403 (the Chedoke Expressway section) and the QEW. Nonetheless, due to traffic preference for higher-speed freeways which have in turn received more upgrades and extensions, Highway 3 had been largely supplanted by
3045-615: Is regionally maintained within Port Colborne as Niagara Regional Road 3 , but regains its provincial designation at Highway 140 . Its third and final terminus is at Edgewood Park , within the Fort Erie town limits. From there, the road continues as Niagara Regional Road 3 to the Peace Bridge , where drivers can cross to the United States . The total length of Highway 3
3150-657: Is served by two main local newspapers, three radio stations and a community television channel. All other media is regionally based, as well, from Hamilton and Toronto. Local newspapers are: Due to its proximity to Hamilton and Toronto, local residents have access to the papers like The Hamilton Spectator , the Toronto Star , and the Toronto Sun . The area is otherwise served by stations from Toronto , Hamilton and Buffalo . Television stations from Toronto and Buffalo are also widely available. Officially, Niagara Falls
3255-510: Is the longest of the three, at 187.9 km (116.8 mi). It begins at the southern terminus of Highway 4 at Talbotville Royal in Elgin County , just northwest of St. Thomas and south of London . The route travels east into St. Thomas, becoming a two-laned expressway aptly named the St. Thomas Expressway. This expressway begins at Wellington Road (Elgin County Road 25/26) and travels through St. Thomas to Centennial Road, featuring
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3360-468: Is the village of Gasline , where the Niagara Speedway stands on the northern side of the highway. At the Fort Erie boundary, the route widens to four lanes and jogs northeast to align with the old Garrison Road. As the highway progresses eastward into the town, the surroundings gradually become more urbanized before it ends at Rosehill Road. The roadway continues east through Fort Erie to the foot of
3465-645: The American Revolutionary War , when the British Crown made land grants to Loyalists to help them resettle in Upper Canada and provide some compensation for their losses after the United States became independent. Loyalist Robert Land received 200 acres (81 ha) and was one of the first people of European descent to settle in the Niagara Region. He moved to nearby Hamilton three years later due to
3570-601: The Detroit River . The five lane highway travels southeast through Windsor along Huron Church Road, surrounded by residential subdivisions, then curves east along Talbot Road. The section through Windsor to Cabana Road is maintained under a Connecting Link agreement. Between the E. C. Row Expressway and Howard Ave, Highway 3 runs adjacent to the Rt. Hon. Herb Gray Parkway portion of Highway 401 . At Essex County Road 11, Highway 3 enters rural southwestern Ontario, and
3675-565: The Garrison Road , a military road built west from Fort Erie. The highway was initially designated in 1920, but not numbered until five years later. It originally connected to Niagara Falls , but was rerouted to Fort Erie following completion of the Peace Bridge in the late 1920s. Although a few portions of Highway 3 were upgraded in the years since, the highway generally follows the same route as it did in 1930. However, in 1997, segments through Port Colborne and Fort Erie were decommissioned as
3780-607: The Honeymoon Bridge in Niagara Falls; it continued east of Chambers Corners along Forks Road (Regional Road 23) rather than south through Wainfleet as it does today. It then travelled north through Welland and east along Lundys Lane . Highway 58 and Highway 20 would later follow portions of this route. As part of the "spirit of cooperation" that inundated Canada and the US following World War I , as well as to celebrate
3885-525: The Niagara Gorge on the Niagara River , which flows from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario . The city of Niagara Falls has a humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfa ) which is moderated to an extent in all seasons by proximity to bodies of water. Winters are cold, with a January high of −0.4 °C (31.3 °F) and a low of −7.8 °C (18.0 °F). However, temperatures above 0 °C (32.0 °F) are common during winter. The average annual snowfall
3990-736: The Queen Elizabeth Way ) are patrolled by the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) and the rest by Niagara Regional Police (NRPS) for city streets and general policing or Niagara Parks Police (NPP) on property relating to Niagara Parks Commission . Policing on the Canadian side of bridges (Whirlpool and Rainbow Bridges) are conducted by both Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA) and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) operations, but may involve Niagara Regional Police and/or OPP, as well as US agencies. Michigan Central Railway Bridge
4095-498: The St. Thomas and Eastern Railway to Courtland , remerging with the Talbot Trail and snaking towards Delhi , now within Norfolk County . At Delhi, Highway 3 turns south for 4 km (2.5 mi) before returning to its eastward orientation. It continues through farmland to the town of Simcoe , where it meets Highway 24 . From Simcoe to Canborough, the highway is nearly straight as an arrow, with an occasional jog to
4200-464: The Underground Railroad . In 1856, a British Methodist Episcopal (BME) Church was established for African-Canadian worshipers. The BME Church, Nathaniel Dett Memorial Chapel is now a National Historic Site , remaining in operation into the 21st century. Composer, organist, pianist and music professor Nathaniel Dett was born in Niagara Falls in 1882. In 1886, Burr Plato became one of
4305-412: The federal government of the United States and Government of Canada confirmed that a new border crossing would be constructed between Detroit and Windsor. The Detroit River International Crossing (DRIC) was formed as a bi-national committee to manage the project. The MTO took advantage of this opportunity to extend Highway 401 to the international border and began an environmental assessment on
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4410-545: The Canadian and US currencies moved closer to parity in the 2000s, Niagara Falls, Ontario continued to be a popular destination for Americans, while Niagara Falls, New York, experienced a prolonged economic downturn. Ontario's legal drinking age is 19, which attracts potential alcohol consumers from across the border, as the American drinking age is 21. Some cultural areas of Niagara Falls include Queen Street, Main and Ferry Streets, Stamford Centre and Chippawa Square. Community centres that are host to cultural activities include
4515-414: The Canadian side has a greater average annual income, a higher average home price, and lower levels of vacant buildings and blight, as well as a more vibrant economy and better tourism infrastructure. The population of Niagara Falls, New York fell by half from the 1960s to 2012. In contrast, the population of Niagara Falls, Ontario more than tripled. The Ontario government introduced legal gambling to
4620-486: The City of Niagara Falls Museums, Niagara Falls Public Libraries, Coronation 50 Plus Recreation Centre, Club Italia and Scotia Bank Convention Centre. Notable attractions in Niagara Falls include: Niagara Falls City Council consists of eight councillors and a mayor. City elections take place every four years with the most recent election held on 24 October 2022 . Council is responsible for policy and decision making, monitoring
4725-479: The E.C. Row Expressway) in the spring. The existing segment of Highway 3 (Talbot Road and Huron Church Road) from the E. C. Row Expressway to just east of Outer Drive was realigned to free up right-of-way for the Highway 401 extension which was built below-grade in a trench with tunnels to cross underneath surface streets (including those carrying the Highway 3 routing). The old split interchange between Highway 3 (Talbot Road) and Highway 401
4830-513: The Essex Bypass and St. Thomas Expressway, Highway 3 remained generally unchanged between the 1930s and late 1990s. However, budget constraints brought on by a recession in the 1990s resulted in the Mike Harris provincial government forming the Who Does What? committee to determine cost-cutting measures in order to balance the budget after a deficit incurred by former premier Bob Rae . It
4935-411: The Essex Bypass, from 1.2 km east of Essex Road 23 (Arner Townline) easterly to 1.1 km east of Essex Road 34 (Union Avenue). [1] [2] The St. Thomas expressway was built along the northern edge of that city beginning in 1974. It features six overpasses and a single interchange, at First Avenue. A ribbon cutting ceremony was held on September 7, 1981 to officially open the new route, which bypassed
5040-511: The Grand River, replacing the five-span steel structure that previously served traffic since 1924. The new concrete structure was opened to traffic on June 20, 2014, and the former structure was demolished after that. On November 4 and December 4 of that year, construction on the bridge was halted by the Haudenosaunee Confederacy Chiefs Council on the claim that the structure impeded on land reserved for
5145-454: The Highway 401 extension (also known as the Rt. Hon. Herb Gray Parkway , formerly Windsor-Essex Parkway ). Highway 3 follows the route of the historic Talbot Trail for most of its length. Abutting the northern shore of Lake Erie between Windsor and Fort Erie, the route deviates in places to bypass towns and to avoid the less than direct trail laid nearly two centuries ago. Prior to 1998,
5250-600: The Highway 401 extension then changed direction where it runs parallel westward for 2 km (1.2 mi), then it turned northwest and follow a new alignment to the under-construction Gordie Howe International Bridge (formerly the Detroit River International Crossing and the New International Trade Crossing ) border crossing. Work was done in Cayuga to install a new crossing over
5355-456: The MTO considered renumbering the western segment of Highway 3 as Highway 103 to avoid confusion. However, this never came to pass due to opposition from Windsor city councillors. Highway 401 did not originally have direct access to the Canada–United States border , as upon entering the Windsor city limits the route terminated at a split interchange with Highway 3 where
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#17328519538855460-689: The Niagara GO Expansion. The full expansion project is expected to be complete by 2025. The City of Niagara Falls is working toward Bike Friendly designation and providing more resources to encourage active transportation. Niagara Falls has one post-secondary institution in the city and another in the Niagara Region. Niagara is served by the District School Board of Niagara and the Niagara Catholic District School Board which operate elementary and secondary schools in
5565-480: The Peace Bridge as Niagara Regional Road 3, connecting with the Queen Elizabeth Way to provide access to the United States. Highway 3 was the only Ontario provincial highway to both start and end at international crossings with the United States (the Ambassador Bridge leading into Detroit, Michigan and the Peace Bridge leading into Buffalo, New York , respectively). From Chicago , Toledo , and Detroit to Buffalo and Western New York , Highway 3
5670-570: The QEW, there has been traffic preference for these higher-speed 400-series highways which are also routed through major cities ( London , Hamilton , St. Catharines ) and which have in turn received more upgrades and extensions. During this time the only upgrades to Highway 3 were the Essex Bypass and St. Thomas Expressway, as the rest of the route remained a two-lane road passing through small communities. The last section of Highway 403 between Brantford and Ancaster opened in August 1997, making for
5775-582: The QEW. The Niagara Parkway is a road operated under the Niagara Parks Commission which connects Niagara-on-the-Lake to Fort Erie via Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls formerly had King's Highways passing through the city. These included: Via Rail Canada and Amtrak jointly provide service to the Niagara Falls station via their Maple Leaf service between Toronto Union Station and New York Penn Station . In summer 2009, Go Transit started
5880-491: The bill they take. The collected money is untraceable and there are no controls over how each establishment spends it. The Ontario government—concerned tourists could be misled into believing the fees were endorsed by the government—warned hotels and restaurants in 2008 not to claim the fee if it was not being remitted to a legitimate non-profit agency that promotes tourism. The practise continues and takes in an estimated $ 15 million per-year. Hotels specifically charge
5985-471: The boundary between Wainfleet and Port Colborne, the central section ends and the roadway continues as Niagara Regional Road 3 through the city, meeting the southern end of Highway 58 . Portions of the central segment of Highway 3 through several towns are maintained under Connecting Link agreements, including within Aylmer, Delhi, Simcoe, Cayuga and Dunnville. The combined length of these segments
6090-705: The city is encouraging redevelopment of this area as an arts and culture district. The downtown was a major centre for local commerce and night life up until the 1970s, when the Niagara Square Shopping Centre began to draw away crowds and retailers. Since 2006, Historic Niagara has brought art galleries, boutiques, cafés and bistros to the street. Attractions include renovation of the Seneca Theatre. In 2004, several tourist establishments in Niagara Falls began adding additional fees to bills. These fees have various different names and range in what percentage of
6195-548: The combination of Highway 401 (segments which have been widened since the 1990s), Highway 403 (particularly the completion of the Woodstock-Brantford-Ancaster sections in 1997 which makes for a continuous express link), and the QEW as a through-route. As a result, portions of Highway 3 through the Regional Municipality of Niagara were transferred to the region on April 1, 1997, including
6300-737: The completion of the Feeder Canal in 1832. Sherk's Road was built at the request of Elias Sherk (d. 1893) in 1858 to connect his house (the historic Danner House) with his and Michael Gondor's properties. The irregular road connected the Welland Canal at Humberstone (now Port Colborne) to the community of Ridgeway, where it met the west end of the Garrison Road. That road was built due to the threat of American attack to provide quick access from Fort Erie, and, like other military roads in Upper Canada (e.g. Dundas Street or Yonge Street ), it travelled in
6405-505: The condition that they establish an official highway network; up to 40% of construction costs would be subsidized. The first network plan was approved on February 26, 1920, and included the Talbot Road. The majority of what would soon become Highway 3 was designated several months later in August. However, it would not receive a route number until the summer of 1925. Four significant changes to Highway 3 have taken place since
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#17328519538856510-429: The corduroy logs had been removed and the road improved and extended from Amherstburg to Canborough. East of Canborough, Highway 3 follows several early settlement trails: Forks Road between Dunnville and Chambers Corners, Sherk's Road through Port Colborne to Gasline, and the military Garrison Road through Fort Erie. These roads predate the land survey grid of concession roads and sidelines , which would be used by
6615-549: The designation of the route in 1920. The first was an adjustment to the eastern terminus. The second was the Essex Bypass, built through the 1970s between Windsor and Leamington. The third was the St. Thomas Expressway, a super two highway built in the late 1970s. The final change was the provincial highway transfers conducted in 1997 and 1998 that resulted in three segments of Highway 3 being decommissioned: between Leamington and Talbotville Royale, through Port Colborne and within Fort Erie. Highway 3 originally ended at
6720-475: The early to mid-20th century. Industry began moving out of the city in the 1970s and 80s because of economic recession and increasing global competition in the manufacturing sector. Tourism increasingly became the city's most important revenue source. Recent development has been mostly centred on the Clifton Hill and Fallsview areas. The Niagara Falls downtown (Queen Street) is undergoing a major revitalization;
6825-462: The entire project in late 2005. Initial construction of a noise barrier from North Talbot Road to Howard Avenue began in March 2010. Full construction began on August 19, 2011, with an expected completion date of mid-2015 for the first phase and 2015-16 for the remainder of the parkway. In early 2015, it was announced that the parkway would open to traffic between Highway 3 and Labelle Street (near
6930-414: The existing two-lane highway with a second carriageway . Early construction work is underway as of March 2021 to twin approximately 6 km (3.7 mi) of Highway 3 around the town of Essex, including interchange improvements at Essex County Road 8 (Maidstone Avenue), and a grade-separation at North Malden Road / Victoria Avenue. Further expansion from east of Essex to Leamington
7035-426: The first African Canadians to be elected to political office, holding the position of City Councillor of Niagara Falls until 1901. Niagara Falls is approximately 130 km (81 mi) by road from Ontario's capital of Toronto , which is across Lake Ontario to the north. The area of the Niagara Region is approximately 1,800 km (690 sq mi). The city is built along the Niagara Falls waterfalls and
7140-513: The focus of controversy since the mid-1990s and early 2000s. Numerous attempts by local and provincial politicians since then have led the MTO to begin remedying the situation by constructing an extension of Highway 401 (initially known as the Windsor–Essex Parkway , eventually designated as the Rt. Hon. Herb Gray Parkway ) to a new international crossing . In 2004, a joint announcement by
7245-431: The former Highway 3 alignment along Talbot Street and the short concurrency with Highway 4 (Sunset Drive). The bypass cost C$ 16.5 million to construct, and features a two-lane roadway with allotted space on the north side for a second two-lane roadway. Plans originally called for the expressway to extend further east to New Sarum and later even as far as Aylmer, but these have never materialized. Aside from
7350-489: The freeway defaulted onto Talbot Road. Traffic continuing to the border had to follow the non-express Highway 3 routing along Talbot Road and Huron Church Road which had a dozen traffic lights. The approach to the Ambassador Bridge was heavily built up making it impractical to twin this crossing and reconstruct the approach as a freeway to cope with cross-border traffic growth, even though Ambassador Bridge owner Matty Moroun had long lobbied for this solution, making this
7455-416: The highest temperature recorded in Canada in January, when it reached 22.2 °C (72 °F) on January 26, 1950. Although more historical and cultural diversity exists, Niagara Falls has 11 communities and 67 neighbourhoods defined by Planning Neighbourhoods and Communities for the City of Niagara Falls. (>2000 population) In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Niagara Falls had
7560-470: The highway spanned this entire distance, but has since then been divided into three discontinuous sections. The western section travels 50.2 km (31.2 mi) from Windsor to Leamington. From there, a 145.0 km (90.1 mi) gap separates the western and central sections. Highway 3 resumes near St. Thomas at the southern end of Highway 4 and travels 187.9 km (116.8 mi) east to Port Colborne. The central and eastern sections are divided by
7665-454: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Howard_Avenue&oldid=932880608 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Howard Avenue (Windsor, Ontario) King's Highway 3 , commonly referred to as Highway 3 ,
7770-463: The local economy in the mid-1990s. Casino Niagara precipitated an economic boom in the late 1990s as numerous luxury hotels and tourist attractions were built, and a second casino, Niagara Fallsview , opened in 2004. Both attracted American tourists due in part to the comparatively less expensive Canadian dollar, and despite the opening of the Seneca Niagara Casino on the American side. When
7875-421: The mid-1990s, a regular pattern of fatalities were occurring, prompting local politicians and Essex Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) Bruce Crozier to lobby the MTO widen the route. It was announced in June 2006 that the entire 33 kilometres (21 mi) bypass would be widened to four lanes with a grassy median separating the opposing flows of traffic. The three phase project began in September 2007 with
7980-417: The new Lieutenant Governor – Francis Gore – in 1808 with the intent of persuading him to fund the building of the road. He insisted that a road would increase the value of the land in the surrounding townships, as well as providing a greater incentive for newcomers to settle in what was otherwise a desolate wilderness. Gore instructed deputy surveyor Mahlon Burwell to "Build a road one chain wide, laid out on
8085-464: The new crossing and the bypass of Niagara Falls that it provided. In foresight of this, the Department of Public Highways took control of a Welland County road between Chambers Corners and Fort Erie on May 11, 1927. This roadway, which followed a significant portion of Sherk's Road and the Garrison Road, in addition to a concession road built west from Port Colborne and north through Wainfleet village,
8190-565: The northeast. It enters Haldimand County and intersects Highway 6 in Jarvis . At Cayuga it crosses the Grand River ; until 2014, a five-span steel girder bridge crossed the river, but it has since been replaced by a concrete structure. At Canborough, the historic Talbot Trail ends and Highway 3 veers south to Dunnville, briefly travelling along the northern bank of the Grand River and gradually curving back eastward. East of Dunnville,
8295-456: The numerous swamps, felled trees were laid across the path to create a corduroy road , much to the chagrin of settlers. The outbreak of the War of 1812 would temporarily halt further construction. When it resumed in 1816, Talbot himself began directing the surveyor, ordering that the road remain on the highest ground possible. This led to an irregular and winding route between Aylmer and Delhi. By 1830,
8400-621: The operation and performance of the city, analysing and approving budgets and determining spending priorities. Due to regulations put forward by the Municipal Elections Act 1996, elections are held on the fourth Monday in October except for religious holidays or if a member of council or if the mayor resigns. Jim Diodati has been the mayor of Niagara Falls since 2010. As of 2023, the city's fire and emergency services are staffed by 130 firefighters and 104 volunteers. Provincial roads (namely
8505-418: The original highway travelled through. After passing Essex County Road 18, the route curves eastward, passing north of Kingsville before entering Leamington along its northern fringe. The western section ends at the southern terminus of Highway 77, where the provincially built but county maintained Leamington Bypass continues east to meet the Talbot Road just east of the town. The central segment
8610-526: The pioneering settlement era of Upper Canada following the American Revolution and the resulting influx of United Empire Loyalists . Thomas Talbot , an influential scion who joined the British army at the age of 11, would challenge the government, the terrain, and the forces of nature to see to it that his road be built. Due to his family legacy, Talbot worked through the ranks quickly and found himself
8715-495: The population. The largest of these were Islam (4.1%), Hinduism (2.0%), Sikhism (1.4%) and Buddhism (0.8%) Tourism started in the early 19th century and has been a vital part of the local economy since that time. The falls became known as a natural wonder, in part to their being featured in paintings by prominent American artists of the 19th century such as Albert Bierstadt . Such works were reproduced as lithographs, becoming widely distributed. Niagara Falls marketed itself as
8820-546: The principle of Yonge Street with lots on each side." Burwell began this work in 1809 westward from Delhi. In 1811, he was tasked with surveying the West Talbot Road from Talbotville Royale to Amherstburg . By then, a road was already opened between Port Talbot and Talbotville Royale. Construction of the new road proved far more difficult than first imagined. Workers followed an old Native American trail, wholly consumed by nature, between Delhi and Port Talbot. To get across
8925-404: The project would be halted after the first phase, which were dismissed at the time, no further work has actually been completed on the Essex Bypass since 2012, and the section between Essex and Ruthven remains a two lane highway. It is still considered as a future project by the MTO, with no time line set. Three months after Crozier's unexpected death on June 3, 2011, the entire Essex Bypass
9030-519: The provincial government to make Highway 3 a continuous route through the Niagara Peninsula where none previously existed. Forks Road, a river road following Forks Creek , served to connect the Grand River at Dunnville with the Welland River west of Welland. Like many early roads in Upper Canada, it was built along a river bank. It can therefore be assumed that this trail was built prior to
9135-449: The region. There are also numerous private institutions offer alternatives to the traditional education systems. Niagara Falls is also served by Niagara Falls Public Library , a growing library system composed of four branches, with the main branch in the downtown area. It is visited by over 10,000 people weekly. An extensive online database of photographs and artwork is maintained at Historic Niagara Digital Collections. Niagara Falls
9240-583: The relentless noise of the falls. In 1791, John Graves Simcoe renamed the town as Stamford after Stamford, Lincolnshire in England but today Stamford is only used for an area northwest of downtown Niagara Falls as well as Stamford Street. During the war of 1812, the battle of Lundy's Lane took place nearby in July 1814. In 1856, the Town of Clifton was incorporated by Ogden Creighton after Clifton, Bristol . The name of
9345-512: The route follows Forks Road into Wainfleet and the Niagara Region . At Chambers Corners it turns south and passes through Wainfleet village, crossing the old Feeder Canal which once supplied the Welland Canal with water from the Grand River. Just north of Lake Erie, Highway 3 turns east and travels straight towards Port Colborne, passing just south of the Wainfleet Bog . At Townline Road,
9450-411: The route follows the historic Talbot Trail , a settlement road following the northern shore of Lake Erie constructed by Colonel Talbot in the early 1800s as part of a grand settlement plan along the lake front. East of Canborough , the road generally follows older settlement trails: Forks Road , connecting Dunnville with Wainfleet, portions of Sherk's Road , through Port Colborne to Gasline, and
9555-411: The shoreline of Lake Erie , he had not made it official. Talbot returned to England in 1802 and spoke to the legislature, promoting his concept of a vibrant farming settlement. The government granted Talbot his land and promised an additional 200 acres (81 ha) for each family that settled a 50 acres (20 ha) lot in the original grant. Talbot returned to Upper Canada in 1803 with four families and
9660-516: The surrounding Stamford Township. In 1970, the Niagara regional government was formed. This resulted in the village of Chippawa , Willoughby Township, and part of Crowland Township being annexed into Niagara Falls. An internment camp for Germans was set up at The Armoury (now Niagara Military Museum) in Niagara Falls from December 1914 to August 1918. Niagara Falls has had a Black population since at least 1783. Up to 12 African-Americans were
9765-453: The town was changed to Niagara Falls in 1881. In 1882, the community of Drummondville (near the present-day corner of Lundy's Lane and Main Street) was incorporated as the village of Niagara Falls (South). The village was referred to as Niagara Falls South to differentiate it from the town. In 1904, the town and village amalgamated to form the City of Niagara Falls. In 1963, the city amalgamated with
9870-403: The waterfalls and adjacent parkland. Souvenir shops, arcades, museums, amusement rides, indoor water parks, casinos, theatres and a convention centre are located nearby in the city's large tourist area. Other parts of the city include historic sites from the War of 1812 , parks, golf courses, commercial spaces, and residential neighbourhoods. Prior to European arrival, present day Niagara Falls
9975-560: Was designated as Highway 3A. The following year it was surfaced with concrete and a new bridge built over the Welland Canal in Port Colborne. The new route became so popular that in 1929 the Highway 3 and Highway 3A designations were swapped. In the early 1970s, as part of a review to determine the future route of Highway 406 south of Welland, proposals arose for a bypass of Highway 3 from east of Dunnville to Port Colborne near Highway 58. The Essex Bypass
10080-454: Was determined that many Ontario highways no longer served long-distance traffic movement and should therefore be maintained by local or regional levels of government. The MTO consequently transferred many highways to lower levels of government in 1997 and 1998, removing a significant percentage of the provincial highway network. Highway 3 served as one of the principal highways through southwestern Ontario, since this Detroit–Buffalo route
10185-473: Was never a part of Highway 3 or the provincial highway network. It is signed as Essex County Road 33, as Leamington is planning to link the discontinuous segments of County Road 33 with the East Side Arterial Road. The Essex Bypass, completed around the village of Essex in 1972, was designed to accommodate future widening to a divided four lane road when traffic volumes warranted. By
10290-399: Was opened in stages in the 1970s and early 1980s. Plans were completed in 1968 as part of a province-wide program to bypass small towns on busy provincial highways. The first stage, opened by 1972, began west of Maidstone and passed south of Essex, where it then routed along Malden Road to its former alignment (now Essex County Road 34). Construction of an eastward extension to Ruthven
10395-504: Was populated by Iroquoian -speaking Neutral people but, after attacks from the Haudenosaunee and Seneca , the Neutral people population was severely reduced. The Haudenosaunee people remained in the area until Europeans made first contact in the late 17th century. The Niagara Falls area had some European settlement in the 17th century. Louis Hennepin , a French priest and missionary ,
10500-456: Was redesignated M-85 . Highway 3 has been largely replaced as a Detroit–Buffalo truck route by portions of Highway 401 , Highway 403 and the Queen Elizabeth Way . Although Highway 3 is a shorter distance between Detroit and Buffalo than the aforementioned 400-series highways, plus Highway 3 does not have to climb the Niagara Escarpment unlike parallel portions of Highway 403 (the Chedoke Expressway section) and
10605-468: Was redesignated as M-3 , whose southern terminus came at Clark Street in Detroit, at the junction of I-75 by the Ambassador Bridge. This provided a connection between Michigan's M-3 and Ontario's Highway 3 until 2001, when jurisdictional changes within downtown Detroit created a discontinuous segment of M-3, and this international Route 3 connection was lost when the portion of M-3 along Fort Street
10710-472: Was renamed the Bruce Crozier Way in honour of his commitment to the widening of the highway. In 2021, construction was underway to twin the segment of the Essex Bypass running next to the Town of Essex, including replacing the signalized intersection with Victoria Avenue and N. Malden Road with an underpass, which was completed by fall 2023. On June 2, 2023, construction started to twin 15.6 kilometres of
10815-408: Was replaced by an all-direction junction incorporating a roundabout, from which a new alignment of Talbot Road bypassed the intersection with Outer Drive (which had traffic lights added in 2006) just each of the former split. The Highway 401 extension runs parallel to (but does not replace) Highway 3 until the E. C. Row Expressway. After an interchange to Highway 3 and Labelle Street,
10920-592: Was shorter and more direct than any American route (including Interstate 90 ), because the Lake Erie shoreline dips south along Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York. After the 1954 New York State Thruway opened from Buffalo to New York City , Michigan officials had encouraged Ontario to replace Highway 3 with a toll road connecting Detroit to Buffalo. When the Michigan Department of Transportation discontinued US 25 in 1973, much of it through Detroit
11025-550: Was underway by 1982, and completed in 1983, with the road following Union Road to the old alignment. Construction of a final extension, from Union Road north of Ruthven to past Highway 77 on the northern fringe of Leamington, was underway in late 1998; it opened in early December 1999. Although the Leamington Bypass was constructed by the Ministry of Transportation (MTO), the 1.1-kilometre (0.68 mi) segment east of Highway 77 to County Road 34 (Talbot Road)
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