33-557: (Redirected from Hot Zone ) [REDACTED] Look up hot zone in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Hot zone may refer to: The Hot Zone , a 1994 non-fiction book by Richard Preston Hot zone (environment) , a location that is considered to be dangerous Television [ edit ] HOT Zone, an Israeli TC channel on the Hot cable service Combat Hospital , aka The Hot Zone ,
66-429: A quarantine center for monkeys that were destined for laboratories. In October 1989, when an unusually high number of their monkeys began to die, their veterinarian decided to send some samples to Fort Detrick (USAMRIID) for study. Early during the testing process in biosafety level 3 , when one of the flasks appeared to be contaminated with harmless pseudomonas bacterium , two USAMRIID scientists exposed themselves to
99-559: A 1989 incident in which a relative of Ebola virus, Reston virus , was discovered at a primate quarantine facility in Reston, Virginia , less than 15 miles (24 km) away from Washington, D.C. The book is in four sections: The book starts with "Charles Monet" visiting Kitum Cave during a camping trip to Mount Elgon in Central Africa. Not long after, he begins to suffer from a number of symptoms, including vomiting, diarrhea and red eye. He
132-855: A 2011 Canadian TV series The Hot Zone (American TV series) , 2019 TV series based on the Richard Preston book "Hot Zone" (Stargate Atlantis) , a season 1 episode of the TV series Stargate Atlantis Other uses [ edit ] Hot Zone, an alternative name for the Transformers character "Hot Spot" Hot-zone, a wireless wide area network offering internet access See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "hotzone" or "hot-zone" on Misplaced Pages. All pages with titles containing Hot zone or Hot zones War zone (disambiguation) Hot (disambiguation) Zone (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
165-523: A Biological Agent for Export Control by the Australia Group . The first known outbreak of EVD occurred due to Sudan virus in South Sudan between June and November 1976, infecting 284 people and killing 151, with the first identifiable case on 27 June 1976. Sudan virus (abbreviated SUDV) was first described in 1977. It is the single member of the species Sudan ebolavirus , which is included into
198-440: A candidate RVSV vaccine for Sudan ebolavirus. Merck was developing it, but as of 18 October 2022 had discontinued development; Merck's monopolies on rVSV techniques, acquired with funding from GAVI , are not available to others developing rVSV vaccines. As of 2021 GeoVax was developing MVA-SUDV-VLP, which is a modified vaccinia Ankara virus producing Sudan virus-like particles; early data from their research showed
231-496: A dead monkey infected with Ebola virus, one of the gloves on the hand with the open wound tears, and she is almost exposed to contaminated blood, but does not get infected. Nurse Mayinga is also infected by a nun and goes to Ngaleima Hospital in Kinshasa for treatment, where she succumbs to the disease. In Reston, Virginia, less than fifteen miles (24 km) away from Washington, D.C., a company called Hazelton Research once operated
264-566: A factor in the collapse of Fox's planned production, Crisis in The Hot Zone . Directors considered for Crisis in The Hot Zone included Wolfgang Petersen (who would later direct Outbreak ), Michael Mann , and Ridley Scott . Scott eventually signed on to direct the film in February 1994. Screenwriter James V. Hart was also signed to adapt the book. In late April 1994, Fox announced they had signed Robert Redford and Jodie Foster to star in
297-455: A major health threat". The Hot Zone was described in an academic journal covering research in the history of science as a "romantic account of environmental transgression" . Reactions to this book could be seen not only in the public's view of emerging viruses, but in the changes in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . In addition to the funding of public health infrastructure during
330-410: Is a virological taxon included in the genus Ebolavirus , family Filoviridae , order Mononegavirales . The species has a single virus member, Sudan virus (SUDV). The members of the species are called Sudan ebolaviruses. It was discovered in 1977 and causes Ebola clinically indistinguishable from the ebola Zaire strain, but is less transmissible than it. Unlike with ebola Zaire there
363-503: Is a Sudan virus (SUDV) if it has the properties of Sudan ebolaviruses and if its genome diverges from that of the prototype Sudan virus, Sudan virus variant Boniface (SUDV/Bon), by ≤10% at the nucleotide level. SUDV is one of four ebolaviruses that causes Ebola virus disease (EVD) in humans (in the literature also often referred to as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, EHF). EVD due to SUDV infection cannot be differentiated from EVD caused by other ebolaviruses by clinical observation alone, which
SECTION 10
#1732856084137396-430: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages The Hot Zone The Hot Zone: A Terrifying True Story is a best-selling 1994 nonfiction thriller by Richard Preston about the origins and incidents involving viral hemorrhagic fevers , particularly ebolaviruses and marburgviruses . The basis of the book was Preston's 1992 New Yorker article "Crisis in
429-448: Is no vaccine available. The name Sudan ebolavirus is derived from Sudan (the country in which Sudan virus was first discovered) and the taxonomic suffix ebolavirus (which denotes an ebolavirus species). The species was introduced in 1998 as Sudan Ebola virus . In 2002, the name was changed to Sudan ebolavirus . A virus of the genus Ebolavirus is a member of the species Sudan ebolavirus if: Sudan virus (SUDV)
462-552: Is one of six known viruses within the genus Ebolavirus and one of the four that causes Ebola virus disease (EVD) in humans and other primates ; it is the sole member of the species Sudan ebolavirus . SUDV is a Select agent , World Health Organization Risk Group 4 Pathogen (requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment ), National Institutes of Health / National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Category A Priority Pathogen, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Category A Bioterrorism Agent , and listed as
495-618: Is taken to Nairobi Hospital for treatment, but his condition deteriorates further, and he goes into a coma while in the waiting room. This particular filovirus is called Marburg virus. Dr. Nancy Jaax had been promoted to work in the Level 4 Biosafety containment area at the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, and is assigned to research Ebola virus. While preparing food for her family at home, she cuts her right hand. Later, while working on
528-491: Is why the clinical presentation and pathology of infections by all ebolaviruses is presented together on a separate page. The strain is less transmissible than Zaire ebolavirus . In the past, SUDV has caused the following EVD outbreaks: As of 2022, there are six experimental vaccines but only three have advanced to the stage where human clinical trials have begun. As the Public Health Agency of Canada developed
561-458: The 2022 Uganda Ebola outbreak as part of a clinical trial . The ecology of SUDV is currently unclear and no reservoir host has yet been identified. Therefore, it remains unclear how SUDV was repeatedly introduced into human populations. As of 2009, bats have been suspected to harbor the virus because infectious Marburg virus (MARV), a distantly related filovirus, has been isolated from bats, and because traces (but no infectious particles) of
594-413: The genus Ebolavirus , family Filoviridae , order Mononegavirales . The name Sudan virus is derived from South Sudan (where it was first discovered before South Sudan seceded from Sudan ) and the taxonomic suffix virus . Sudan virus was first introduced as a new "strain" of Ebola virus in 1977. Sudan virus was described as "Ebola haemorrhagic fever" in a 1978 WHO report describing
627-414: The 1976 Sudan outbreak. In 2000, it received the designation Sudan Ebola virus and in 2002 the name was changed to Sudan ebolavirus. Previous abbreviations for the virus were EBOV-S (for Ebola virus Sudan) and most recently SEBOV (for Sudan Ebola virus or Sudan ebolavirus). The virus received its final designation in 2010, when it was renamed Sudan virus (SUDV). A virus of the species Sudan ebolavirus
660-718: The GeoVax vaccine candidate to be 100% effective at preventing death from the Sudan ebolavirus in animals. An adenovirus based vaccine previously licensed by GSK was donated to and further developed by the Sabin Vaccine Institute in partnership with the Vaccine Research Center at the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; as of October 2022, it will be offered to contacts of known SDV cases in
693-526: The Hot Zone". The filoviruses —including Ebola virus , Sudan virus , Marburg virus , and Ravn virus —are Biosafety Level 4 agents, extremely dangerous to humans because they are very infectious, have a high fatality rate, and most have no known prophylactic measures , treatments, or cures. Along with describing the history of the devastation caused by two of these Central African diseases, Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease , Preston described
SECTION 20
#1732856084137726-585: The book had on the public's view of emerging viruses. A review in the British Medical Journal captures the paranoia and public panic described in this book. The reviewer was left "wondering when and where this enigmatic agent will appear next and what other disasters may await human primates". This can also be seen in a review in the Public Health Reports which highlights the "seriousness of our current situation" and "our ability to respond to
759-474: The book, this time as a television miniseries for NatGeo . Kelly Souders, Brian Peterson , and Jeff Vintar wrote the pilot. Julianna Margulies starred as Nancy Jaax. Filming began in September 2018. Lynda Obst again produced the series. The series first aired from May 27 to May 29, 2019, and was later renewed for a second season. Sudan virus Sudan virus (SUDV) The species Sudan ebolavirus
792-597: The building abandoned and deteriorating. He concludes the book by claiming that Ebola will be back. The discovery of the Reston virus was made in November 1989 by Thomas W. Geisbert, an intern at United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases. Dr. Peter B. Jahrling isolated the filovirus further. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted blood tests of the 178 animal handlers. While six tested positive, they did not exhibit any symptoms. The Reston virus
825-766: The early 1970s, there were many public discussions of biodefense. This book continued to fuel the emerging diseases campaign. By connecting international health to national security , this campaign used The Hot Zone to justify increased intervention in the global phenomena of disease. The Hot Zone elicited a major response by the World Health Organization (WHO) by shedding light on the Zaire ebolavirus . Teams of experts were immediately released. Many countries tightened their borders, issued warnings to customs officials, quarantined travellers, and issued travel advisories. In his blurb , horror writer Stephen King called
858-537: The film. Crisis in The Hot Zone , however, was never made. Foster dropped out of the film just before filming was to begin and production was delayed, with Meryl Streep , Sharon Stone , and Robin Wright touted as possible replacements. In August 1994, Redford also dropped out of the film; a few days after Redford left it was announced that pre-production had been shut down. On October 16, 2014, The Hollywood Reporter announced that Ridley Scott again planned to adapt
891-645: The first chapter "one of the most horrifying things I've read in my whole life". When asked whether any book "scared the pants off you" writer Suzanne Collins answered " The Hot Zone , by Richard Preston. I just read it a few weeks ago. Still recovering." The Hot Zone has received criticism for sensationalizing the effects of Ebola virus. In their memoir Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC (1996), former CDC scientists Joseph B. McCormick and Susan Fisher-Hoch lambasted Preston for claiming that Ebola dissolves organs, stating that although it causes great blood loss in tissues
924-423: The organs remain structurally intact. McCormick and Fisher-Hoch also dispute Preston's version of the CDC's actions in the Reston virus incident. In an interview about his book Ebola: The Natural and Human History of a Deadly Virus (2014), David Quammen claimed that The Hot Zone had "vivid, gruesome details" that gave an "exaggerated idea of Ebola over the years" causing "people to view this disease as though it
957-413: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Hot zone . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hot_zone&oldid=1180373272 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
990-411: The virus by wafting the flask. The virus found at the facility was a mutated form of the original Ebola virus and was initially mistaken for simian hemorrhagic fever virus . They later determine that, while the virus is lethal to monkeys, humans can be infected with it without any health effects at all. This virus is now known as Reston virus. Finally, the author goes to Africa to explore Kitum Cave. On
1023-458: The way, he discusses the role of AIDS in the present, as the Kinshasa Highway that he travels on was sometimes called the "AIDS Highway" after its early appearance in the region. Equipped with a hazmat suit , he enters the cave and finds a large number of animals, one of which might be the virus carrier. At the conclusion of the book, he travels to the quarantine facility in Reston. He finds
Hot zone - Misplaced Pages Continue
1056-404: Was found to have low pathogenicity in humans. This was further supported later when a handler infected himself during a necropsy of an infected monkey, as the handler did not show symptoms of the virus after the incubation period. The Hot Zone was listed as one of around 100 books that shaped a century of science by American Scientist . Many reviews of The Hot Zone exemplify the impact
1089-420: Was some sort of preternatural phenomenon". In January 1993, 20th Century Fox producer Lynda Obst won a bidding war for the film rights to Preston's 1992 New Yorker article, which was still being transitioned into book form. In response to being outbid, Warner Bros. producer Arnold Kopelson immediately began working on a similarly themed production. This competing film, Outbreak , would ultimately be
#136863