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86-511: In his will, Johns Hopkins (1795–1873) left his summer home and estate, Clifton , then northeast of Baltimore, off the Harford Road, to the university for its new campus along with $ 7 million, split between the university and a hospital, also named for him. One of his provisions was that only interest obtained from his stock in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad could be used to build facilities for

172-572: A $ 1 postage stamp in Hopkins' honor, as part of the Great Americans series . Seating capacity Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space , in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law . Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats hundreds of thousands of people. The largest sporting venue in

258-676: A $ 14 million renovation to bring the hall up to date, the auditorium reopened in February 2019. Shriver Hall is the home of the Hopkins Symphony, a community orchestra that is made up of students and members of the wider community, and Shriver Hall Concert Series, which presents classical chamber music and recitals featuring nationally and internationally recognized artists. 39°19′59″N 76°37′16″W  /  39.333°N 76.621°W  / 39.333; -76.621 Johns Hopkins Johns Hopkins (May 19, 1795 – December 24, 1873)

344-458: A $ 73 million renovation of Gilman Hall (named for the university's first president, Daniel Coit Gilman ), the academic centerpiece of the Homewood Campus. The building had grown labyrinthine over the years, with former library stacks being used as offices and only half the building's stairwells reaching all its floors. The renovation included updates to all classrooms in the building, as well as

430-507: A central dining facility and specialty dining area with seating capacity of approximately 330; and an approximately 29,000 sq ft (2,700 m) book store run by Barnes and Noble College Division. The Decker Quadrangle development constituted the last large building site on the contiguous Homewood Campus. Its first phase included a visitors and admissions center (Mason Hall), a computational sciences building (Hackerman Hall), and an underground parking structure, which together created

516-532: A decision was made not to found the university there. The property, now owned by the city of Baltimore, is the site of a golf course and a park named Clifton Park . While Johns Hopkins Colored Children Orphan Asylum was founded by the hospital trustees, the other institutions that carry the name of Johns Hopkins were founded under the administration of Daniel Coit Gilman , the first president of Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins Hospital , and Gilman's successors. As stipulated in Hopkins's instruction letter,

602-409: A detailed site plan to the local fire code official, including "details of the means of egress, seating capacity, [and] arrangement of the seating...." Once safety considerations have been satisfied, determinations of seating capacity turn on the total size of the venue, and its purpose. For sports venues, the "decision on maximum seating capacity is determined by several factors. Chief among these are

688-488: A full replacement of the building's infrastructure. The renovation involved removal of the bookstore, bank and credit union, creating more space for academic departments. The Hutzler Undergraduate Reading Room was also renovated, and a dedicated film screening room was added. The centerpiece of the renovation was a large glass-roofed atrium, connecting the building's entrance and the Hutzler Reading Room, that now houses

774-495: A lasting influence on him throughout his life. Beginning early in his life, Hopkins looked upon his wealth as a trust to benefit future generations. He told his gardener that, "Like the man in the parable, I have had many talents given to me and I feel they are in trust. I shall not bury them but give them to the lads who long for a wider education". His philosophy quietly anticipated Andrew Carnegie 's much-publicized Gospel of Wealth by more than 25 years. In 1973, Johns Hopkins

860-603: A letter to Lincoln requesting that he not heed the detractors' calls and continue to keep soldiers stationed in Maryland. Hopkins also pledged financial and logistic support to Lincoln, in particular the free use of the B&;O railway system. In 2020, Johns Hopkins University researchers discovered that Johns Hopkins may have owned or employed enslaved people who worked in his home and on his country estate, citing census records from 1840 and 1850. Hopkins' reputation as an abolitionist

946-517: A mixed-use project featuring student housing, a central dining facility and a major campus book store. The Milton S. Eisenhower Library (called MSE by students), is the Johns Hopkins University principal research library and the largest in a network of libraries at Johns Hopkins. This network, known as 'The Sheridan Libraries', encompasses the Milton S. Eisenhower Library and its collections at

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1032-401: A new quadrangle, south of Garland Hall, named in honor of Alonso G. and Virginia G. Decker. Construction was completed and the new buildings and quadrangle were dedicated in 2008. Importantly, the project established a new public entrance for the campus and recognizes the potential for future growth of campus activities sited across Wyman Park Drive to the west. In 2007, the university announced

1118-556: A number of other organizations. After a successful career, Hopkins was able to retire at the age of 52 in 1847. A charitable individual, Hopkins put up his own money more than once to not only aid Baltimore City during times of financial crises but also to twice bail the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad company out of debt, in 1857 and 1873. In 1996, Johns Hopkins ranked 69th in "The Wealthy 100: From Benjamin Franklin to Bill Gates: A Ranking of

1204-418: A rare example of successful energy in individual accumulations, and of practical beneficence in devoting the gains thus acquired to the public." Hopkins' contribution to the founding of Johns Hopkins University become his greatest legacy and was the largest philanthropic bequest ever made to a U.S. educational institution. Hopkins' Quaker faith and early life experiences, including the 1778 emancipation, had

1290-455: A second dated 1873. In these documents, Hopkins made provisions for scholarships to be provided for poor youths in the states where he had made his wealth and assistance to orphanages other than the one established for African American children, to members of his family, to those he employed, his cousin Elizabeth, to other institutions for the care and education of youths regardless of color, and

1376-463: A table derived from the seating capacity of the space. The International Fire Code, portions of which have been adopted by many jurisdictions, is directed more towards the use of a facility than the construction. It specifies, "For areas having fixed seating without dividing arms, the occupant load shall not be less than the number of seats based on one person for each 18 inches (457 mm) of seating length". It also requires that every public venue submit

1462-494: A theatre or other performing space, the "seating capacity of the performance facility must be disclosed". Seating capacity may influence the kind of contract to be used and the royalties to be given. The seating capacity must also be disclosed to the copyright owner in seeking a license for the copyrighted work to be performed in that venue. Venues that may be leased for private functions such as ballrooms and auditoriums generally advertise their seating capacity. Seating capacity

1548-416: A university, a hospital, and an orphan asylum, specifically for colored children, adding that Hopkins was a "man (beyond his times) who knew no race" citing his provisions for both blacks and whites in the plans for his hospital. The reporter also pointed to similarities between Benjamin Franklin 's and Johns Hopkins's views on hospital care and construction, such as their shared interest in free hospitals and

1634-515: Is a museum on the Homewood Campus that centers around Baltimore life in the early 1800s. The House, which itself is Palladian and Federal architecturally, is used to display objects that represent the decor that the Carroll family used to furnish the house while they resided there in the early 19th century. The Nichols House is known as the President's House because, when designed, it was intended to become

1720-562: Is accepted as collateral for a debt owed, and recently located an additional obituary in which Johns Hopkins is described as holding antislavery political views (consistent with the letter conveying his established support for President Lincoln and the Union) and as purchasing an enslaved person for the purpose of securing his eventual freedom. Still other documents contain laudatory comments by Johns Hopkins' contemporaries, including prominent Black leaders, praising his visionary philanthropic support for

1806-528: Is also an important consideration in the construction and use of sports venues such as stadiums and arenas . When entities such as the National Football League 's Super Bowl Committee decide on a venue for a particular event, seating capacity, which reflects the possible number of tickets that can be sold for the event, is an important consideration. Seating capacity differs from total capacity (sometimes called public capacity ), which describes

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1892-404: Is currently disputed. In an email sent from Johns Hopkins University to all employees on December 9, 2020, the university wrote that, "The current research done by Martha S. Jones and Allison Seyler finds no evidence to substantiate the description of Johns Hopkins as an abolitionist, and they have explored and brought to light a number of other relevant materials. They have been unable to document

1978-568: Is proposed to be established in the City of Washington, the site for which has been purchased. The proposed edifice is designed to accommodate 150 scholars, and to furnish homes for the teachers and pupils from a distance ... The names of the Trustees ought to be mentioned particularly, as some of them are Southern men, and it might interest the South to know who they are..." Similarly, opposition (and some support)

2064-477: Is the most recent of the Johns Hopkins' libraries (known as Sheridan Libraries) to open. Primarily a study space, it houses a variety of different areas for study including group study rooms, a quiet reading room and a cafe. The BLC is open 24 hours a day, seven days a week and is also where the university's Department of Special Collections and Department of Conservation and Preservation reside. Homewood House

2150-603: The Ancient Near East . In science and engineering, collection strengths include biomedical engineering , chemistry , and environmental engineering . The Library also offers an extensive array of electronic resources, including full-text books and journals, specialized databases, and statistical and cartographic data. Some notable collections held at the Special Collections department of the Eisenhower Library are

2236-565: The Shenandoah Valley from Conestoga wagons , sometimes in exchange for corn whiskey, which was then sold in Baltimore as "Hopkins' Best". The bulk of Hopkins's fortune, however, was made by his judicious investments in myriad ventures, most notably the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), of which he became a director in 1847 and chairman of the Finance Committee in 1855. He was also President of Merchants' Bank as well as director of

2322-570: The United States in international competition. At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam and 1932 Los Angeles Summer Olympics lacrosse demonstration events Hopkins represented the US and team members received Olympic Gold Medals. This was the only such accolade in the history of US college sports. They have also gone to Melbourne , Australia to win the 1974 World Lacrosse Championship . Opened in 2012,

2408-406: The 1880s. Here JHU created the park-like main campus of Hopkins Homewood, set on 140 acres (0.57 km²) in what today lies between the north Baltimore neighborhoods of Charles Village (begun in the 1870s, and then known as Peabody Heights) to the east, the planned suburban-style communities of Guilford (established 1913) and Roland Park (established early 1890s) to the north, and to the west,

2494-699: The Albert D. Hutzler Reading Room in Gilman Hall (the library before Eisenhower was constructed, and informally called The Hut by students), the John Work Garrett Library at Evergreen House and the Peabody Institute Library and adjacent public historic George Peabody Library at Mount Vernon Place , across from the Washington Monument . Opened in 1964, the Eisenhower Library was named for

2580-900: The Biomedical Engineering department), Hodson Hall (a multi-use classroom building), the Mattin Center (a student arts and activities center), the Ralph S. O'Connor Recreation Center, and the New Chemistry Building, were also constructed in the early 2000s (decade). A second campus expansion, called Charles Commons, was completed in September 2006. It is located across North Charles Street from Homewood, at 33rd Street between Charles and St. Paul Streets. The approximately 350,000 sq ft (33,000 m) development includes housing for approximately 618 students, with supporting amenity spaces;

2666-688: The Civil War period, as well as during the Civil War and Reconstruction Era. Prior to the Civil War, Johns Hopkins worked closely with two of America's most famous abolitionists, Myrtilla Miner and Henry Ward Beecher . During the Civil War, Johns Hopkins, being a staunch supporter of Lincoln and the Union, was instrumental in bringing fruition to Lincoln's emancipatory vision. After the Civil War and during Reconstruction , Johns Hopkins's stance on abolitionism infuriated many prominent people in Baltimore. During Reconstruction and up to his death his abolitionism

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2752-431: The Civil War, Clifton became a frequent meeting place for local Union sympathizers, and federal officials. Hopkins' support of Abraham Lincoln also often put him at odds with some of Maryland's most prominent people, including Supreme Court Justice Roger B. Taney who continually opposed Lincoln's presidential decisions such as limiting habeas corpus and stationing Union Army troops in Maryland. In 1862, Hopkins wrote

2838-494: The Cordish Lacrosse Center houses both the men's and women's lacrosse teams. The structure, which cost $ 10 million, was entirely funded by private investors, the largest of whom was former Johns Hopkins lacrosse player David Cordish. Cordish is viewed as both an asset to Johns Hopkins' lacrosse program as well as an asset to the recruitment process. Shriver Hall, designed by the firm of Buckler, Fenhagen, Meyer and Ayers,

2924-496: The Homewood Campus. The architectural style of the campus follows the Federal style of Homewood House . Most newer buildings resemble this style, being built of red brick with white marble trim. Homewood House was later used for administrative offices but now is preserved as a museum. The space is organized in quads around Gilman Hall. In 1997, the university purchased the vacant 200,000-square-foot (19,000 m) former building of

3010-558: The Johns Hopkins Colored Children Orphan Asylum (JHCCOA) was founded first, in 1875, a year before Gilman's inauguration. The construction of the asylum, including its educational and living facilities, was praised by The Nation and the Baltimore American . The Baltimore American reported wrote that the orphan asylum was a place where "nothing was wanting that could benefit science and humanity". As

3096-514: The MSE library's six stories are above ground, the rest are beneath. However, the architects designed the building so that every level has windows and natural light. The design is in accordance with a campus myth that no structure on campus can be taller than Gilman Hall, the oldest academic building from 1914. The Brody Learning Commons, an appendage to the Milton S. Eisenhower Library, opened in August 2012 and

3182-858: The Machen collection of incunabula , the Dorothy McIlvain Scott Collection, the Hinkes Collection of Scientific Discovery, the Women’s Suffrage Collection, the Arthur and Janet Freeman Bibliotheca Fictiva Collection on the history of literary and historical forgery, and the Women of the Book Collection , the world’s largest collection of research materials focused specifically on the religious culture of early modern women. Only two of

3268-478: The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, facing North Charles Street, which for many years had existed as a half circle that connected to campus roads, was completed, in line with the original Master Plan for the university. Traffic was redirected to the periphery of the campus and greenery was added throughout the campus, with the goal of making the core areas of Homewood safer, more pedestrian-friendly and more attractive. A number of new buildings, including Clark Hall (home to

3354-603: The NFL pro football's Baltimore Colts used to play. The former Eastern High building with its antique interior features was reopened in 2001, largely renovated and reconstructed, occupied by administrative offices for the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions . The university undertook a major renovation of the Homewood Campus in 2000-2002. Asphalt, vehicle-accessible roads throughout the campus were replaced with brick-paved walkways. The traffic circle located in front of

3440-714: The Near East, and the ancient Americas. The museum also displays numerous items on loan, including 200 Egyptian artifacts from the Eton College Myers Collection, Greek ceramics from the Baltimore Museum of Art and an Egyptian mummy from Goucher College . The Lacrosse Museum and National Hall of Fame , maintained by US Lacrosse , is on the Homewood campus adjacent to the home field for the lacrosse teams, Homewood Field . Johns Hopkins lacrosse teams have represented

3526-580: The Richest Americans, Past and Present". One of the first campaigns of the American Civil War was planned at Hopkins' summer estate, Clifton , where he had also entertained a number of foreign dignitaries, including the future King Edward VII . Hopkins was a strong supporter of the Union, unlike some Marylanders, who sympathized with and often supported the South and the Confederacy . During

Homewood Campus of Johns Hopkins University - Misplaced Pages Continue

3612-407: The able-bodied and caring for the others, who would remain at the plantation and provide labor as they could. The second eldest of eleven children, Hopkins was required to work on the farm alongside his siblings and indentured and free Black laborers. From 1806 to 1809, he likely attended The Free School of Anne Arundel County , which was located in modern-day Davidsonville, Maryland . In 1812, at

3698-626: The age of 17, Hopkins left the plantation to work in his uncle Gerard T. Hopkins 's Baltimore wholesale grocery business. Gerard T. Hopkins was an established merchant and clerk of the Baltimore Yearly Meeting of Friends. While living with his uncle's family, Johns and his cousin, Elizabeth, fell in love; however, the Quaker taboo against the marriage of first cousins was especially strong, and neither Johns nor Elizabeth ever married. Hopkins' early experiences and successes in business came when he

3784-425: The availability of emergency services without prejudice. This article, first published in 1870, also accompanied Hopkins's obituary in the Baltimore American as a tribute in 1873. Cited in many of the newspaper articles on him during his lifetime and immediately after his death were his provisions of scholarships for the poor, and quality health services for the under-served without regard to their age, sex, or color,

3870-493: The campus, also on North Charles Street, there is the Evergreen House , former mansion home of the B&O Railroad's Garrett Family and now one of JHU's house museums, just past East Cold Spring Lane and the neighboring former Loyola College, now Loyola University Maryland . The majority of buildings on the portion of North Charles Street that borders Homewood are owned and operated by the university and are informally part of

3956-471: The care of the elderly and the ill, including the mentally ill and convalescents. John Rudolph Niernsee , one of the most notable architects of the time, designed the orphan asylum and helped to design the Johns Hopkins Hospital . The original site for Johns Hopkins University had been personally selected by Hopkins. According to his will, it was to be located at his summer estate, Clifton. However,

4042-482: The city's social elite, many of them Quakers . One of these friends was George Peabody (b. 1795), who in 1857 founded the Peabody Institute in Baltimore. Examples of Hopkins' public giving were evident in Baltimore with public buildings, housing, free libraries, schools, and foundations constructed from his philanthropic giving. On the advice of Peabody, some believe, Hopkins determined to use his great wealth for

4128-409: The colored children asylum and other orphanages, and the mentally ill and convalescents. A biography, Johns Hopkins: A Silhouette , was written by Hopkins' grandniece, Helen Hopkins Thom, and published in 1929 by Johns Hopkins University Press . This biography was one source for the story that Hopkins was an abolitionist. Hopkins lived his entire adult life in Baltimore and made many friends among

4214-444: The duties and responsibilities of the two boards of trustees, especially the hospital board of trustees led by his friend and fellow Quaker Francis King, were formally stated primarily in four documents, the incorporation papers filed in 1867, his instruction letter to the hospital trustees dated March 12, 1873, his will, which was quoted extensively in his Baltimore Sun obituary, and in his will's two codicils , one dated 1870 and

4300-529: The early Hopkins faculties of philosophy and medicine, the original Boards of Trustees of the University and Hospital, and Baltimore clipper ships. In addition, statues of President Daniel Coit Gilman and William H. Welch , first dean of the School of Medicine, flank the entrance to the building. There is also a bust of Isaiah Bowman in a niche under the porch. Shriver Hall closed for renovations in early-2018. After

4386-468: The establishment of an orphanage for Black children." A second group of scholars disputes the university's December 2020 declarations. In a pre-print paper published by the Open Science Framework, these scholars argue that Johns Hopkins's parents and grandparents were devout Quakers who liberated the family's enslaved laborers prior to 1800, that Johns Hopkins was an emancipationist who supported

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4472-537: The hospital's half of the endowment; and fourth, that the hospital and orphan asylum should serve 400 patients and 400 children respectively; fifth, that the hospital should be part of the university, and, sixth, that religion but not sectarianism should be an influence in the hospital. By the end of Gilman's presidency, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Press, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, and Johns Hopkins Colored Children Orphan Asylum had been founded;

4558-401: The hospital; first, to provide assistance to the poor of "all races", no matter the indigent patient's "age, sex or color"; second, that wealthier patients would pay for services and thereby subsidize the care provided to the indigent; third, that the hospital would be the administrative unit for the orphan asylum for African American children, which was to receive $ 25,000 in annual support out of

4644-403: The house was used as a location during the filming of The Seduction of Joe Tynan . In 1996, William R. Brody became the 13th president of the university and opted to once again live at Nichols House. The museum was founded in 1882. The collection is currently displayed in Gilman Hall, with renovation completed in 2010. The collection contains over 7,000 objects from ancient Greece, Rome, Egypt,

4730-541: The impoverished conditions for all, regardless of race, sex, age, or religion, but especially focused on the young. Following his death, his bequests founded numerous institutions bearing his name, most notably Johns Hopkins Hospital and the Johns Hopkins University system, including its academic divisions: Johns Hopkins School of Nursing , Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Johns Hopkins Carey Business School , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , and Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies . At

4816-516: The incorporation of a free hospital and affiliated medical and nurses' training colleges, an orphanage for Black children, and a university in Baltimore. The hospital and orphan asylum were overseen by a 12-member hospital board of trustees, and the university by a 12-member university board of trustees. Many board members were on both boards. In accordance with Hopkins' will, the Johns Hopkins Colored Children Orphan Asylum

4902-575: The latter by the trustees, and the others in the order listed under the Gilman administration. "Sex" and "color" were major issues in the early history of the Johns Hopkins Institutions. The founding of the school of nursing is usually linked to Johns Hopkins's statements in his March 1873 instruction letter to the trustees that: "I desire you to establish, in connection with the hospital, a training school for female nurses. This provision will secure

4988-421: The literature of the times was opposition, and support for, the various other ways he expressed opposition to the racial practices that were beginning to emerge, and re-emerge as well, in the city of Baltimore, the state of Maryland, the nation, and in the posthumously constructed and founded institutions that would carry his name. A Baltimore American journalist praised Hopkins for founding three institutions,

5074-583: The mill towns of Hampden-Woodberry along the Jones Falls stream valleys and tributary Stony Run through Wyman Park and the Wyman Park Dell. As a part of the donation, the university was required to dedicate part of the land to art. As a result, the Baltimore Museum of Art (founded 1914), which has ties to but is not a part of the university, is situated next to the university campus, just southeast of Shriver Hall on Art Museum Drive. Several blocks north of

5160-463: The movement to end slavery within the limits of the laws governing Maryland, and that the available documentation, including relevant tax records these researchers have uncovered, does not support the university's claim that Johns Hopkins was a slaveholder. Before the discovery of possible slaveholding or employment, Johns Hopkins had been described as being an "abolitionist before the word was even invented", having been represented as such both prior to

5246-537: The old all-girls Eastern High School (founded 1844, building constructed 1938). Old EHS is a three-story high H-shaped building of red brick and limestone trim in English Tudor revival architecture , on East 33rd St., one mile (1.6 km) east of the "Homewood" campus. It is immediately across the street from the former site of the old Memorial Stadium of 1950 , where the Major League baseball Baltimore Orioles and

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5332-471: The primary sports program and the size of the market area". In motion picture venues, the "limit of seating capacity is determined by the maximal viewing distance for a given size of screen", with image quality for closer viewers declining as the screen is expanded to accommodate more distant viewers. Seating capacity of venues also plays a role in what media they are able to provide and how they are able to provide it. In contracting to permit performers to use

5418-440: The public good. The Civil War and yellow fever and cholera epidemics took a great toll on Baltimore. In the summer of 1832 alone, the yellow fever and cholera epidemics killed 853 in Baltimore. Hopkins was keenly aware of the city's need for medical facilities in light of the medical advances made during the Civil War. In 1870, he made a will setting aside $ 7 million, (~$ 149 million in 2023) mostly in B&O stock, for

5504-457: The residence of the university's president. The house has a two-story Georgian structure and it was built in 1958. It was built to attract Milton S. Eisenhower to come to JHU. Eisenhower was its first resident in 1959, and it continues to house presidents. However, from 1971 to 1996, three presidents declined to occupy it, so it was used to house university guests and as administrative offices. Russian President Boris Yeltsin stayed there, and

5590-399: The seats shall be securely fastened to the floor" but provides exceptions if the total number of seats is fewer than 100, if there is a substantial amount of space available between seats or if the seats are at tables. It also delineates the number of available exits for interior balconies and galleries based on the seating capacity, and sets forth the number of required wheelchair spaces in

5676-412: The services of women competent to care for those sick in the hospital wards, and will enable you to benefit the whole community by supplying it with a class of trained and experienced nurses". Hopkins died on December 24, 1873, in Baltimore . Following Hopkins's death, The Baltimore Sun published a lengthy obituary that reported, "In the death of Johns Hopkins a career has been closed which affords

5762-473: The story of Johns Hopkins' parents freeing enslaved people in 1807, but they have found a partial freeing of enslaved people in 1778 by Johns Hopkins' grandfather, and also continued slaveholding and transactions involving enslaved persons for decades thereafter. They have looked more closely at an 1838 letter from the Hopkins Brothers (a firm in which Johns Hopkins was a principal) in which an enslaved person

5848-768: The time, it was the largest philanthropic bequest ever made to an American educational institution. Johns Hopkins was born on May 19, 1795, at his family's home of White's Hall , a 500-acre (200 ha) tobacco plantation in Anne Arundel County, Maryland . His first name was inherited from his grandfather Johns Hopkins, who received his first name from his mother Margaret Johns. He was one of eleven children born to Samuel Hopkins of Crofton, Maryland , and Hannah Janney, of Loudoun County, Virginia . The Hopkins family were of English descent and Quakers . They emancipated their enslaved laborers in 1778 in accordance with their Quaker meeting's decree, which called for freeing

5934-438: The total number of people who can fit in a venue or in a vehicle either sitting or standing. Where seating capacity is a legal requirement, however, as it is in movie theatres and on aircraft , the law reflects the fact that the number of people allowed in should not exceed the number who can be seated. Use of the term "public capacity" indicates that a venue is allowed to hold more people than it can actually seat. Again,

6020-454: The university's eighth president, Milton S. Eisenhower , brother of former U.S. 34th President, Dwight D. Eisenhower , whose vision brought together the university's rich collection of books, journals and other scholarly resources. The Eisenhower Library collection houses over 3.8 million volumes, 121,000 journal subscriptions and thirty miles of shelf space. Strengths in the humanities include German and Romance Languages , Philosophy , and

6106-471: The university's premier archaeological collection. The building was formally dedicated on October 23, 2010 as the home of the university's humanities departments. In early December 2008, the Trustees proposed the construction of a new Library addition, the Brody Learning Commons, costing $ 30 million. The building features a quiet reading room, 15 new group study rooms, a new atrium and a café. Ground

6192-516: The university. Unfortunately, after Johns Hopkins' death, the B&O Railroad fell into mismanagement; its eventual financial collapse was hastened by the Financial Panic and Recession of 1893 and the stock's value declined drastically. Therefore, the original campus of the university was established by first President Daniel Coit Gilman in downtown Baltimore along North Howard Street , between West Center, Little Ross, and West Monument Streets on

6278-521: The west side of the Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood, where buildings were already available. However, this location did not permit room for growth and soon the trustees began to look for a place to move. Eventually, Hopkins would relocate to the former Homewood House and Estate of Charles Carroll, Jr. (son of Charles Carroll of Carrollton , 1737–1832) built 1801–1803, and the later Wyman Villa estate of JHU Board member William Wyman, built in

6364-530: The widely circulated De Bow's Review wrote: "It now seems that the Abolitionists not only propose to colonize Virginia from their own numbers, but that they are about to make the District of Columbia, in the midst of the slave region, and once under the jurisdiction of a slave State, the centre of an education movement, which shall embrace the free negroes of the whole North. A vast negro boarding school or college

6450-547: The world, the Indianapolis Motor Speedway , has a permanent seating capacity for more than 235,000 people and infield seating that raises capacity to an approximate 400,000. Safety is a primary concern in determining the seating capacity of a venue: "Seating capacity, seating layouts and densities are largely dictated by legal requirements for the safe evacuation of the occupants in the event of fire". The International Building Code specifies, "In places of assembly,

6536-574: Was a staunch supporter of Abraham Lincoln and the Union , often using his Maryland residence as a gathering place for Union strategists. He was a Quaker and supporter of the abolitionist cause. Hopkins was a philanthropist his whole life. His philanthropic giving increased significantly after the Civil War . His concern for the poor and newly-freed slave populations drove him to create free medical facilities, orphanages, asylums, and schools to help alleviate

6622-437: Was an American merchant, investor, and philanthropist. Born on a plantation, he left his home to start a career at the age of 17, and settled in Baltimore , Maryland , where he remained for most of his life. Hopkins invested heavily in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), which eventually led to his appointment as finance director of the company. He was also president of Baltimore-based Merchants' National Bank. Hopkins

6708-446: Was begun in September 1952 and completed in 1954. In 1939 Alfred Jenkins Shriver , a local lawyer who specialized in estates and testaments, left the university the residue of his estate to build a lecture hall. According to the conditions of the will, the building's walls were adorned with murals depicting the Hopkins class of 1891 (Shriver's class), ten philanthropists of Baltimore, ten famous beauties of Baltimore (as chosen by Shriver),

6794-656: Was cited prominently in the Pulitzer Prize -winning book The Americans: The Democratic Experience by Daniel Boorstin , the Librarian of Congress from 1975 to 1987. From November 14, 1975, to September 6, 1976, a portrait of Hopkins was displayed at the National Portrait Gallery in an exhibit on the democratization of America based on Boorstin's book. In 1989, the United States Postal Service issued

6880-532: Was done for other Johns Hopkins institutions, it was planned after visits and correspondence with similar institutions in Europe and the U.S. The Johns Hopkins Orphan Asylum opened with 24 boys and girls. Under Gilman and his successors, the orphanage was later changed to serve as an orphanage and training school for Black female orphans principally as domestic workers and as an orthopiedic convalescent home and school for "colored crippled" children and orphans. The asylum

6966-475: Was eventually closed in 1924 nearly 50 years after it opened. In accordance with Hopkins' March 1873 instruction letter, the school of nursing was founded alongside the hospital in 1889 by the hospital board of trustees in consultation with Florence Nightingale . Both the nursing school and the hospital were founded over a decade after the founding of the orphan asylum in 1875 and the university in 1876. Hopkins's instruction letter explicitly stated his vision for

7052-689: Was expressed during Reconstruction, such as in 1867, the same year he filed papers incorporating the Johns Hopkins Institutions, when he attempted unsuccessfully to stop the convening of the Maryland Constitutional Convention where the Democratic Party came into power and where a new state Constitution , the Constitution still in effect, was voted to replace the 1864 Constitution of the Republicans previously in power. Apparent also in

7138-461: Was expressed in the documents founding the Johns Hopkins Institutions and reported in newspaper articles before, during, and after the founding of these institutions. Before the war, there was significant written opposition to his support for Myrtilla Miner's founding of a school for African American females (now the University of the District of Columbia ). In a letter to the editor, one subscriber to

7224-654: Was founded in 1875; Johns Hopkins University was founded in 1876; the Johns Hopkins Press , the longest continuously operating academic press in the U.S., was founded in 1878; Johns Hopkins Hospital and Johns Hopkins School of Nursing were founded in 1889; the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine was founded in 1893; and the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health was founded in 1916. Hopkins' views on his bequests, and on

7310-494: Was officially broken on June 6, 2010, with a completion date of July 2012. The Space Telescope Science Institute is located on the Homewood Campus and controls, analyzes, and collects data from the Hubble Space Telescope . In 2006, Johns Hopkins University, working with Collegetown Development Alliance, a joint-venture team composed of Struever Brothers, Eccles & Rouse and Capstone Development, teamed up to develop

7396-608: Was put in charge of the store while his uncle was away during the War of 1812 . After seven years with his uncle, Hopkins went into business together with Benjamin Moore, a fellow Quaker . The business partnership was later dissolved with Moore alleging Hopkins' penchant for capital accumulation as the cause for the divide. After Moore's withdrawal, Hopkins partnered with three of his brothers and established Hopkins & Brothers Wholesalers in 1819. The company prospered by selling various wares in

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