Comox or Éyɂáɂjuuthem is a Coast Salish language historically spoken in the northern Georgia Strait region, spanning the east coast of Vancouver Island and the northern Sunshine Coast and adjoining inlets and islands. More specifically, ʔayajuθəm was traditionally spoken in Bute Inlet (also known as Church House), in Squirrel Cove (also known as Cortez Island), and in Sliammon, located in the area now known as Powell River.
12-647: The Homalco First Nation ( Comox language : Xwémalhkwu , also spelled χʷɛmaɬku ) is a First Nations government located in Bute Inlet near the upper Sunshine Coast of British Columbia , Canada. The Homalco are also known, with their neighbours the Sliammon and Klahoose and the K'ómoks of nearby parts of Vancouver Island , as the Mainland Comox . Their ancestral tongue is the Comox language . The Homalco First Nation
24-451: A large number of different Salish languages. All the basic formal shapes of reduplication in Salish (CVC-, CV-, and –VC) may be used to create the 'people' counting forms." (412). Comox numbers for 'people': Comox uses CV reduplication to mark its 'people' counting forms (419–420). "Control [volitional] may be seen as marking the subject of the verb as a prototypical agent: the subject wants
36-560: Is a member government of the Naut'sa mawt Tribal Council . This British Columbia politics–related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This First Nations in Canada –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Comox language It has two main dialects, Island Comox, associated with the K'ómoks First Nation , and Mainland Comox. Whereas there Comox speaks (Vancouver Island) Island dialect,
48-487: Is closely tied to the marking of control. In words like tih 'big', -VC reduplicates to create the inceptive form tih-ih 'get big'. Control is then marked by further affixation: "The CTr suffix regularly has the form -at after –VC". xʷah-at-uɫ tell- CTR -Past č 1sSb tih-ih-at-as big- VC - CTR -3Sb xʷah-at-uɫ č tih-ih-at-as tell-CTR-Past 1sSb big-VC-CTR-3Sb 'I told him to make it big' Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) ( help ); "The durative
60-975: Is seen by many separate and more closely linked to the kwakwaka'wakw people as Comox people speak this language. Island Comox became very rare in the late 1800s as Lekwiltok became the more common language spoken by the island Comox. Comox uses an Americanist-based alphabet devised by H. R. Harris II and D. I. Kennedy. The multiple vowel letters are not all distinct sounds. The consonants of Comox are depicted below in IPA and in orthography where it differs from IPA. /i/ may be pronounced: /e/ may be pronounced: /u/ may be pronounced: /a/ may be pronounced: /ʌ/ may be pronounced: "Salishan languages are highly polysynthetic, employing numerous suffixes and reduplication patterns; prefixes and infixes are less numerous. Words often include lexical suffixes referring to concrete physical objects or abstract extensions from them." Comox has essentially lost all derivational prefixes. It
72-408: Is the only language in the Salish family to have lost the nominalizing prefix s- from its morphological inventory (Kroeber 11). However, the morphologically mirrored -s interestingly serves as a marker for 3rd person possession (Kroeber 111). Hagège has found certain cases where both the prefixive s- and the suffixive -s occur in circumspection. Kroeber is wary to support the finding, but offers
84-795: The Sliammon , Klahoose , and Homalco peoples speak ʔayajuθəm, which is referred to by some as "Mainland Comox dialect". As of 2012, the Island Comox dialect has no remaining speakers. The term comox is not a Comox word, but rather a Kwak'wala term meaning "plenty", "abundance", or "wealth”. So Comox is not an ʔayajuθəm term, but is Wakashan based. ʔayajuθəm means “the language of our people” in Sliammon, Klahoose, and Homalco languages. Powell River, Campbell River, and Cortez island have started projects to help save ʔayajuθəm. Children in daycare and preschool are being taught ʔayajuθəm in schools on Cortez Island , Campbell River (the current city where many of
96-472: The Homalco people have resettled) and is now being taught in school district #47 ( Powell River ). ʔayajuθəm is also being accepted as a second language that fulfills graduation requirements. In Powell River, ʔayajuθəm is taught from daycare through grade 12. A community accord was signed in 2003 between Sliammon First Nation and the municipality of Powell River. The municipality of Powell River has started to place
108-646: The event to occur and has the capabilities that would normally ensure that (s)he could bring about the desired event. Noncontrol [nonvolitional] signals that the subject departs in some way from prototypical agentivity; the event occurs accidentally or is something that the subject did only with difficulty." CTR:control (volitional) NTR:noncontrol (nonvolitional) tʼuçʼ-ut-as shoot- CTR -3Sb tʼuçʼ-ut-as shoot-CTR-3Sb 'he shot it (on purpose), tried to shoot it' tʼuçʼ-əxʷ-as shoot- NTR -3Sb tʼuçʼ-əxʷ-as shoot-NTR-3Sb 'he shot it (accidentally), managed to shoot it' The inceptive reduplication of Comox
120-411: The following: "This would appear to be a complex of the nominalizing prefix s- and the third person possessive -s ; that is, the third person form of the sort of nominalized construction widely used for subordination in Salish."(Kroeber 115). In his review of Hagège's grammar of the language, Paul D. Kroeber states, "After diminutive CV reduplication, all CVC roots lose their vowel, regardless of what
132-689: The traditional Sliammon names in addition to the settler names on signs found throughout the district. A Sliammon iPhone app was released in March 2012. An online dictionary, phrasebook, and language learning portal is available at First Voices . In addition to the First Voices site, there are ʔayajuθəm dictionaries from Sliammon and Homalco, CD's containing ʔayajuθəm and children's books containing The ʔayajuθəm language are available throughout Powell River , Campbell River , and Cortez Island . Many Sliammon, Klahoose and Homalco do not identify as Comox, and Comox
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#1732851168786144-524: The vowel is." Kroeber gives the following example: wot'-o-t 'bend it', wo-wt'-o-t 'bend it a little bit'. The affixes representing possession in Comox are much different than those of their Salishan counterparts. 1st person singular ( ç- ) and plural ( ms- ) and 2nd person singular ( θ- ) appear as prefixes, while 2nd person plural ( -ap ) and 3rd person ( -s ) appear as suffixes. "Reduplicated counting forms with explicit reference to 'people' can be found in
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