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19-562: After he became a widower, Huygens bought land on the Vliet in Voorburg with plans to build a summer home. At the time it was quite fashionable to have a summer home on a river or canal, and old maps of Voorburg show Hofwijck as one of many. The building itself and the gardens (originally on both sides of the Vliet) were designed by Huygens himself in cooperation with the architect Jacob van Campen . The estate

38-741: A book by Van Campen regardless of the expense. The city hall and city palace of Potsdam owe a debt to ideas by Van Campen. Van Campen's first known building was the Coymans house built in 1625 in Amsterdam . In the 1630s, Van Campen and Pieter Post designed the Mauritshuis in The Hague , a palace that is now home to a Royal Picture Gallery, and Van Campen alone designed the Netherlands' first theatre, Amsterdam 's Stadsschouwburg . About 1645 Van Campen designed

57-621: A coherent combination, these stylistic developments anticipated Christopher Wren 's Classicism. The most ambitious constructions of the period included the seats of self-government in Amsterdam (1646) and Maastricht (1658), designed by Campen and Post, respectively. On the other hand, the residences of the House of Orange are closer to a typical burgher mansion than to a royal palace. Two of these, Huis ten Bosch and Mauritshuis , are symmetrical blocks with large windows, stripped of ostentatious Baroque flourishes . The same austerely geometrical effect

76-483: A number of Van Campen's oils survive. About 1616 to 1624 he is thought to have lived in Italy. On his return to the Netherlands, Van Campen turned to architecture, applying ideas borrowed from Andrea Palladio , Vincenzo Scamozzi , and classical influences from Vitruvius . He was primarily responsible for introducing the classical revival style into Dutch Baroque architecture , combining the native, Dutch brick style with

95-499: Is achieved without great cost or pretentious effects at the stadtholder 's summer residence of Het Loo . The Dutch Republic was one of the great powers of 17th-century Europe and its influence on European architecture was significant. Dutch architects were employed on important projects in Northern Germany, Scandinavia and Russia, disseminating their ideas in those countries. The Dutch Colonial architecture , once flourishing in

114-603: The Dutch Golden Age of the 17th century. (Dutch painting during the period is covered by Dutch Golden Age painting ). Like contemporary developments in England, Dutch Palladianism is marked by sobriety and restraint. The architecture of the first republic in Northern Europe was meant to reflect democratic values by quoting extensively from classical antiquity . It found its impetus in the designs of Hendrick de Keyser , who

133-827: The Roman High Baroque style of Borromini and Bernini . Instead, the more austere form practiced in the Dutch Republic was well suited to major building patterns: palaces for the House of Orange and new civic buildings, uninfluenced by the Counter-Reformation style that made some headway in Antwerp . The major exponents of the mid-17th century, Jacob van Campen and Pieter Post , adopted de Keyser's forms for such eclectic elements as giant order pilasters, gable roofs, central pediments, and vigorous steeples. Brought together in

152-642: The Westerkerk and Nieuwe Kerk , both in Amsterdam. His paintings and wall decorations (such as those at Paleis Huis ten Bosch ), show some similarity with the work of Paulus Bor , one of the founders of a group of painters calling themselves the Bentvueghels . Dutch Classicism Dutch Baroque architecture is a variety of Baroque architecture that flourished in the Dutch Republic and its colonies during

171-607: The Dutch Royal family that have to do with the work of either Constantijn or his son Christiaan. In the display room for Christiaan, various types of clockworks are shown, as well as some original clocks. Family paintings and furniture are on display throughout the building, and the library of Huygens (now a small office) contains many of his books, and offers the same strategic view out of the window at any boat that may appear (today one only sees highway traffic at eye level, and barge traffic at water level). When Constantijn died, his son,

190-797: The Nieuwe Kerk in Haarlem, a church that influenced Christopher Wren . His best-known work is probably the large Town Hall of Amsterdam (begun 1648), now the Royal Palace in Dam Square . Van Campen worked as an architect, a painter and a designer of decorative schemes, like that for the church organ in Alkmaar . His art also influenced sculpture. He was assisted in his work by Pieter Post, Daniël Stalpaert , Matthias Withoos , Philips Vingboons , Artus Quellinus , Tielman van Gameren and Rombout Verhulst . During

209-543: The Vitruvian principles he had learnt to produce " Dutch Classicism ", an internationally influential style. Van Campen was friendly with Constantijn Huygens , and together they designed a new house for Huygens. Even after Van Campen's death, his work greatly influenced Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen , the designer of the Kleefse gardens (the gardens of Cleve ), and on Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg . The latter owned

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228-518: The building of the city hall, Van Campen lived in very expensive lodgings in the nearby Kalverstraat and he spent freely. In 1654 Van Campen (and Willem de Keyser left after an argument, probably in connection with the design of the barrel vaults . Stalpaert won, but his completion of the project was reported to be less fine than Van Campen's designs. After a long career, Van Campen died in 1657 in his buitenplaats (residence) Randenbroek near Amersfoort , which he had inherited from his mother, and

247-555: The company of friends and relatives. A replica of Hofwijck was built in Gaoqiao (Chinese 高桥) a planned city and neighborhood of the large community Pudong , Shanghai , People's Republic of China at 31°20′28″N 121°34′21″E  /  31.34107°N 121.5724°E  / 31.34107; 121.5724 , next to another replica of the Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum . In the collection on display are various items from

266-430: The gardens and building and reopened since May 31, 2005 in presence of Beatrix of the Netherlands . On November 4, 2002, Hofwijck became a registered Monument as number 508184. (See Talk:Hofwijck/Sources in case of unclarity.) 52°03′54″N 4°21′43″E  /  52.06500°N 4.36194°E  / 52.06500; 4.36194 Jacob van Campen Jacob van Campen (2 February 1596 — 13 September 1657)

285-474: The scientist Christiaan Huygens , came to live there. In 1750 the last Huygens to live there sold it. Grossly neglected in later years, it was auctioned for demolition in 1849, which was avoided when it was acquired by politician Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer . The "Hofwijck Association" acquired it circa 1913, when demolition loomed again. It is now a museum, which opened its door for the first time on June 12, 1928. It closed its doors in 1995 for restoration of

304-574: Was a Dutch artist and architect of the Golden Age . He was born into a wealthy family at Haarlem and spent his youth in his hometown. Being of noble birth and with time on his hands, he took up painting mainly as a pastime. In 1614, he became a member of the Guild of Saint Luke (in Haarlem the architects and painters were both in the same guild, and many were both, such as Pieter Saenredam and Salomon de Bray ), and studied painting under Frans de Grebber —

323-556: Was buried there. He had expanded it himself and had it decorated by Caesar van Everdingen . Van Campen never married but had one son, Alexander Van Campen. Van Campen was selective in what projects he took on. His best known works are: As well as houses and palaces, he also designed a number of churches, such as those at Renswoude and at Hooge Zwaluwe , and the Nieuwe Kerk in Haarlem. Of that design, Pieter Saenredam made no fewer than three paintings and eight engravings. Furthermore, Van Campen designed gates and towers, e.g. for

342-640: Was instrumental in establishing a Venetian -influenced style into early 17th-century architecture through new buildings like the Noorderkerk ("Northern church", 1620–1623) and Westerkerk ("Western church", 1620–1631) in Amsterdam . In general, architecture in the Low Countries , both in the Counter-Reformation -influenced south and Protestant -dominated north, remained strongly invested in northern Italian Renaissance and Mannerist forms that predated

361-510: Was to be "a harmonious piece of paradise on earth, with a garden in God’s image and likeness." Huygens was very much inspired by the works of classical Roman architect Vitruvius . Pieter Post was in charge of the actual building activities. The building was erected in unplastered brick and is in the Classicist style. It stands in the centre of a square swan pond. Hofwijck was inaugurated in 1642 in

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