52°12′57″N 0°06′44″E / 52.2157°N 0.1122178°E / 52.2157; 0.1122178 Histon Road Cemetery , formerly Cambridge General Cemetery, is a cemetery in north Cambridge , England, lying off Histon Road , opened in 1842. It is notable as one of only three designs by John Claudius Loudon , who covers it in detail in his influential book On the Laying Out, Planting and Managing of Cemeteries (1843); the other cemeteries associated with Loudon are Bath Abbey Cemetery , and Southampton Old Cemetery (where his plan was rejected). These experiences of practical planning directly affected Loudon's writing on the subject.
18-504: The site is approximately 1 hectare in area (1.25 ha in some sources). Loudon used plans for the Histon Road cemetery as illustrative of his views on cemetery design. Research has indicated that the actual work carried out on the cemetery, which opened in 1843 (the year of his death), does not correspond closely with Loudon's announcements. According to the Parks and Gardens UK website, as part of
36-570: A draughtsman. They comprised a chapel (demolished in the 1950s) and a Lodge that is now a private residence. The chapel with its "very elegant stained windows" was mentioned in the diary of Joseph Romilly . The design as built was Gothic and made of white brick, not in the Italian style put forward by Lamb and Loudon. The chapel contained a memorial dated 1851 to Ebenezer Foster (1777-1851) and his wife Elizabeth, by James Rattee . The Lodge and gates are now Grade II listed buildings . Histon Road Cemetery
54-532: A prosecution may result. The register is also used in influencing management decisions, to improve public awareness of important parks and elements within them and to encourage their owners to preserve and maintain them. Gardening and landscape design have long been important preoccupations to the British and, although a wealth of historic parks and gardens exist, they are a fragile and finite resource: they can easily be damaged beyond repair or lost forever. Since 1995,
72-539: A scale, Grade I being internationally significant sites are therefore the most important and constitute around 10% of the total number. Historically important gardens are Grade II* (about 30% of the total) and the remainder are of regional or national importance and are Grade II registered. Separate registers of parks, gardens and designed landscapes are maintained in the other countries of the United Kingdom : Garden History Society The Gardens Trust (formerly
90-556: The Association of Gardens Trusts and the University of York ). This site does not claim to have any statutory authority and includes a wider range of sites across the UK. Eligibility for the register is based around documentary research and field survey which attempts to classify and date each park according to set criteria. These are: As with listed buildings, parks and gardens are graded on
108-564: The Garden History Society has been a statutory consultee in relation to planning proposals which affect historic designed landscapes identified by Historic England as being of national significance and which are included on the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England. This means that when a planning authority receives a planning application which affects a site on
126-572: The Garden History Society ) is a national membership organisation in the United Kingdom established to study the history of gardening and to protect historic gardens . It is a registered charity with headquarters in London. The Trust, previously the Society, has published a quarterly journal, Garden History since 1970. It was founded in 1966 as the Garden History Society and in 2015 it
144-458: The Borough of Cambridge in 1935. The decision to demolish the chapel because of the cost of necessary repairs was taken in 1957. From 2007 the cemetery has been run by Cambridge City Council (Open Spaces) working with its Friends group. The Commonwealth War Graves Commission maintains the graves of 12 First World War and 6 Second World War service personnel. There have been over 8000 burials at
162-410: The Register, or the setting of such a site, the planning authority must consult the Garden History Society. This applies to registered sites of all grades. In addition, Historic England must be consulted where a planning proposal affects a site which is included on the Register at Grade I or Grade II*. An online searchable register of all registered parks and gardens that are legally protected through
180-453: The cemetery. A listing of monumental inscriptions was made by Lucy Joan Slater (unpublished, deposited at Cambridge Record Office). Those interred include: Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England provides a listing and classification system for historic parks and gardens similar to that used for listed buildings . The register
198-477: The designation process under the National Heritage Act 1983 it has legal protection. Registration is a material consideration in the planning process so, following a planning application for development which would affect a registered park or garden, local planning authorities must take into account the historic interest of the site when deciding whether or not to grant permission for any changes. Although
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#1732859277169216-561: The designation system, has been incorporated into the National Heritage List for England currently available through the Historic England website. This shows the relevant list entry which describes the park or garden, and shows where it is on a map. Not all designated parks and gardens are open to the public. Information on historic parks and gardens can also be searched online via Parks & Gardens UK (a partnership between
234-413: The features and qualities of key landscapes for the future. It is hoped that listing sites of special interest will increase awareness of their value and encourage those who own them, or who have a part to play in their protection, to treat the sites with due care, whether this is a question of carrying out appropriate maintenance or making changes to the site. If a park or garden has been registered using
252-430: The inclusion brings no additional statutory controls in itself, English local authorities are required by government to take the protection of the historic environment into account in their policies and resource allocations. If material changes are made to a registered park or garden without having been granted planning permission first, local planning authorities may require that the changes are undone and, in extreme cases,
270-488: The rationale for including Histon Road Cemetery on the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest at Grade II*: The cemetery embodies Loudon's most important ideas on cemetery design and is an early example of the grid pattern layout adopted for many later cemeteries . The buildings were by the architect Edward Buckton Lamb ; Lamb had been an associate of Loudon from the early 1830s, when Loudon employed him as
288-557: Was one of the first British cemeteries open to all. The first was Rosary Cemetery, Norwich (1821). The cemetery was initially (1843) the property of the Cambridge Cemetery Company which had been set up on 12 October 1842, by Robert Peters of Downing Street, Cambridge; there had been calls in the local press for more burial grounds for a decade. The policy of the Company made no religious conditions on burials. Control passed to
306-498: Was renamed The Gardens Trust, after a merger with the Association of Gardens Trusts . Membership was around 1,500 prior to its merger in 2015. Presidents included Mavis Batey and Sir Roy Strong . The final Chairman was landscape architect Dominic Cole. From 1995 the Garden History Society was a statutory consultee in relation to planning proposals which affect historic designed landscapes identified by English Heritage as being of national significance, and which are included on
324-525: Was set up by Historic England under the provisions of the National Heritage Act 1983 . Over 1,600 sites are listed, ranging from the grounds of large stately homes to small domestic gardens, as well other designed landscapes such as town squares, public parks and cemeteries. The register is published on the National Heritage List for England alongside other national heritage designations. The register aims to "celebrate designed landscapes of note, and encourage appropriate protection", so safeguarding
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