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40-586: Herreninsel is famous for the Herrenchiemsee palace of Ludwig II of Bavaria . Never completed, it was only inhabited by the king for nine or ten nights before he mysteriously died of drowning at age 40. The island is inhabited by about 30 people, Frauenchiemsee some 300. It is also the site of a previous royal home, the Old Palace Herrenchiemsee, a former Augustinian monastery (Monastery Herrenchiemsee). The island can be reached all year round by

80-461: A 0.2304 troy ounce (7.171 g) 1890 '20 Mark' gold coin as a benchmark, this equates to 190,998 oz of gold, which at October 2013 prices was worth approximately £154,000,000 (US$ 250,100,000), more than the total construction cost of Linderhof and Neuschwanstein Castle together. The expenses brought the royal finances to the verge of bankruptcy, though they had a strong stimulus on the local economy. Only

120-484: A day trip. Chiemsee with its islands lies on the way to Salzburg , i.e. almost in an opposite direction. The formal garden is filled with fountains, a copy of the Versailles Latona Fountain , and statues in both the classical style typical of the gardens of Versailles and the fantastic Romanticism favored by King Ludwig. Statues reminiscent of antiquity are found throughout the gardens, overwrought in

160-657: A few weeks after Ludwig's death the building was opened for the public. In 1907 the unfinished North Wing was demolished, whilst the corresponding South Wing was never built. After the November Revolution , Crown Prince Rupprecht ceded Herrenchiemsee to the State of Bavaria in 1923. Unlike the medieval themed Neuschwanstein, begun in 1869, the Neo-Baroque New Palace stands as a monument to Ludwig's admiration of King Louis XIV of France. Its great Hall of Mirrors' ceiling

200-571: A large palace, including a copy of the Versailles Hall of Mirrors . Construction was halted by the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. In the following years, Ludwig concentrated on construction of Linderhof. He resumed his former plans after finally visiting Versailles in summer 1874, being received with honors by the French government on his birthday on August 25. Herrenchiemsee became

240-712: A part of Bavaria became a member of the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806. The Tyroleans rose up against the Bavarian authority and succeeded three times in defeating Bavarian and French troops trying to retake the country. Austria lost the War of the Fifth Coalition against France , and got harsh terms in the Treaty of Schönbrunn in 1809. Glorified as Tyrol's national hero, Andreas Hofer ,

280-471: A perfectly exact replica of the French royal palace. Like Versailles, the Hall of Mirrors has 17 arches, the Hall of Peace and the Hall of War on either side have six windows each. The window niches at Herrenchiemsee are slightly wider than those at Versailles, making its central façade a few metres wider. The dining room features an elevator table and the world's largest Meissen porcelain chandelier. Technologically,

320-484: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Herrenchiemsee 47°51′38″N 12°23′53″E  /  47.86056°N 12.39806°E  / 47.86056; 12.39806 Herrenchiemsee is a complex of royal buildings on Herreninsel , the largest island in the Chiemsee lake, in southern Bavaria , Germany . Together with the neighbouring isle of Frauenchiemsee and the uninhabited Krautinsel, it forms

360-462: Is painted with 25 frescoes showing Louis XIV at his best. The palace was shaped in a 'W' with wings flanking the central edifice. Only 16 of the 70 rooms were on the ground floor. Though it was to have been an equivalent to the Palace of Versailles, only the central portion was built before the king died and construction was discontinued with 50 of the 70 rooms still incomplete. It was never intended to be

400-507: The Brandenburg eagle at the time when she and her husband ruled Tyrol and Brandenburg in personal union , though the Tyrolean eagle had already appeared in the 13th century. Louis V died in 1361, followed by Margaret's son Meinhard III two years later. Lacking any descendants to succeed her, she bequeathed the county to Rudolph IV of Habsburg , Duke of Austria in 1363. He was recognized by

440-616: The Verfassungskonvent (Constitutional Convention) to prepare the work for drafting the Basic Law ( Grundgesetz ) with a view to the founding of the Federal Republic of Germany . In 1867, the young king Ludwig II had traveled to France but had to return to Bavaria when he heard of the death of his uncle Otto , without an opportunity to visit the Palace of Versailles . He nevertheless

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480-728: The secularised prince-bishoprics of Trent and Brixen , became a crown land of the Austrian Empire . From 1867, it was a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary . Today the territory of the historic crown land is divided between the Italian autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and the Austrian state of Tyrol . The two parts are today associated again in the Tyrol–South Tyrol–Trentino Euroregion . At least since King Otto I of Germany had conquered

520-477: The Chiemsee-Schifffahrt liner, by water taxi or by private boat (mainly from Gstadt and Prien as well as from Fraueninsel). The island is car-free . In the summer months, paid horse-drawn carriages shuttle visitors between the jetty and the castle. 47°51′45″N 12°23′51″E  /  47.86250°N 12.39750°E  / 47.86250; 12.39750 This Rosenheim district location article

560-630: The Empty Pockets ruled them. In 1420 he made Innsbruck the Tyrolean capital. In 1490 his son and heir Sigismund renounced Tyrol and Further Austria in favour of his cousin German King Maximilian I of Habsburg . By then Maximilian I had re-united all Habsburg lands under his rule. In 1500 he also acquired the remaining Gorizia ( Görz ) territories around Lienz and the Puster Valley . When Emperor Ferdinand I died in 1564, he bequeathed

600-611: The House of Wittelsbach in 1369. From that time onward, Tyrol was ruled by various lines of the Austrian House of Habsburg , who held the title of count . After the Habsburg hereditary lands had been divided by the 1379 Treaty of Neuberg , Tyrol was ruled by the descendants of Duke Leopold III of Austria . After a second division within the Leopoldinian line in 1406, Duke Frederick IV of

640-530: The building also benefits from nearly two centuries of progress. The original Versailles palace lacked toilets, water, and central heating, while the New Palace has all of these, including a large heated bathtub. The palace had been built at a mostly inaccessible spot, in the middle of a forest, on a more or less remote lake island accessible by boat only – today via a system of small steamboats. This location, in defiance of both, an air of "enchantment" around it and

680-492: The designated site for the large New Palace around a central corps de logis , designed by Dollmann, Christian Jank , and Franz von Seitz . Construction began on 21 May 1878. Ludwig himself regularly supervised the building progress, while he stayed at the Old Place nearby. Meant as a homage to the adored King Louis XIV and his divine right , Herrenchiemsee arose as a private, yet vast residence, which resembled Versailles but

720-679: The estates of Trent from the North Italian March of Verona and vested the bishops of Trent with comital rights. In 1027 Henry's Salian successor, Emperor Conrad II , granted the Trent bishops further estates around Bozen and in the Vinschgau region; at the same time, he vested the bishop of Brixen with the suzerainty in the Etschtal and Inntal , part of the German stem duchy of Bavaria under

760-556: The former Lombard Kingdom of Italy in 961 and had himself crowned Holy Roman emperor in Rome , the principal passes of the Eastern Alps had become an important transit area. The German monarchs regularly traveled across the Brenner or Reschen Pass on their Italian expeditions aiming at papal coronation or the consolidation of Imperial rule. In 1004 King Henry II of Germany separated

800-569: The grand style of Richard Wagner 's romantic operas. [REDACTED] Media related to Schloss Herrenchiemsee at Wikimedia Commons County of Tyrol Timeline The ( Princely ) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140. After 1253, it was ruled by the House of Gorizia and from 1363 by the House of Habsburg . In 1804, the County of Tyrol, unified with

840-496: The interior at Herrenchiemsee were left even more unfinished than Neuschwanstein's. The latter's international popularisation, propelled by the inspiration Disney drew from it – say: " Cinderella Castle " – may only have added to the disproportional attention the two venues enjoy with tourists. Also, seen from Munich, Linderhof is located in the same direction as and not very far away from Neuschwanstein, towards Tyrol and Swabia , so tourists often choose to visit both places within

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880-587: The island by a Württemberg timber trade company by acquiring it in 1873. He had the leftover buildings converted for his private use, the complex that later became known as the "Old Palace", where he stayed surveying the construction of the New Herrenchiemsee Palace. From 10 to 23 August 1948, the representatives of eleven German states of the Western Zones and West Berlin met at the Old Palace as

920-617: The leader of the uprising, was executed in 1810 in Mantua . His forces had lost a fourth and final battle against the French and Bavarian forces. Tyrol remained under Bavaria and the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy for another four years. In 1814, by decisions of the Congress of Vienna , Tyrol was reunified and returned to Austria. It was integrated into the Austrian Empire. From 1867 onwards, it

960-581: The mainland and in Tyrol . The Augustinian convent acted as cathedral chapter , while the auxiliary bishops retained their seat at the Chiemseehof palace in Salzburg. The Herrenchiemsee chapter was headed by provosts who from 1218 also held the position of an archdeacon . They even obtained pontifical vestments and the right of papal count palatines in the 15th century. The present-day Baroque monastery complex

1000-603: The model of Versailles . It was the largest, but also the last of his building projects, and remained incomplete. Today maintained by the Bavarian Administration of State-Owned Palaces, Gardens and Lakes , Herrenchiemsee is accessible to the public and a major tourist attraction. According to tradition, the Benedictine abbey of Herrenchiemsee was established about 765 AD by the Agilolfing duke Tassilo III of Bavaria at

1040-401: The municipality of Chiemsee , located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Munich . The island, formerly the site of an Augustinian monastery, was purchased by King Ludwig II of Bavaria in 1873. The king had the premises converted into a residence, known as the Old Palace ( Altes Schloss ). From 1878 onwards, he had the New Herrenchiemsee Palace ( Neues Schloss ) erected, based on

1080-474: The nearby chain of the Chiemgau Alps looming over and reflecting in the lake, may have been and may still be considered clearly less appealing than Neuschwanstein's more immediate, thus spectacularly impressive alpine backdrop near Füssen – not to speak of it having been perched right upon the blasted away tip of a steep rock and a quite intimidating gorge instead of a back yard. Not only the exterior, but also

1120-703: The northern tip of the Herreninsel. New findings however indicate an even earlier foundation between 620 and 629 by the Burgundian missionary Saint Eustace of Luxeuil , making it the oldest monastery in the Duchy of Bavaria , established some 70 years earlier than St Peter's Abbey in Salzburg . In 969, Emperor Otto I consigned the abbey to the Archbishops of Salzburg . Initially a Benedictine monastery, Herrenchiemsee about 1130

1160-615: The region and came to surpass the power of the bishops, who were nominally their feudal lords. After the deposition of the Welf Duke Henry X of Bavaria in 1138, the counts of Tyrol strengthened their independence. When Henry the Lion was again enfeoffed with the Bavarian duchy by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa at the 1154 Imperial Diet in Goslar , his possessions no longer comprised the Tyrolean lands. The counts maintained that independence under

1200-538: The rising Bavarian Wittelsbach dynasty . In 1210, Count Albert IV of Tyrol also took over the Vogt office in the Bishopric of Brixen, prevailing against the rivalling counts of Andechs . In 1253 Count Meinhard of Gorizia (Görz) inherited the Tyrolean lands by his marriage to Adelheid, daughter of the last Count Albert IV of Tyrol. When their sons divided their estate in 1271, the elder Meinhard II took Tyrol, for which he

1240-652: The rule of Conrad's son Henry III . Especially the Brixen bishops remained loyal supporters of the Salian rulers in the Investiture Controversy and in 1091 also received the Puster Valley from the hands of Emperor Henry IV . Documented from about 1140 onwards, the comital dynasty residing in Tyrol Castle near Meran held the office of Vogts (bailiffs) in the Trent diocese. They extended their territory over much of

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1280-555: The rule over Tyrol and Further Austria to his second son Archduke Ferdinand II . Both territories thereafter fell to the younger sons of the Habsburg Emperors: Archduke Matthias in 1608 and Maximilian III in 1612. After the death of Archduke Sigismund Francis in 1665, all Habsburg lands were again under the united rule of the Emperor Leopold I . From the time of Maria Theresa (1740−1780) onward, Tyrol

1320-547: The south of the medieval Tyrol county, the present-day province of South Tyrol . Italy thus took control of the strategically important Alpine water divide at the Brenner Pass and over the south of Tyrol proper with its large German-speaking majority. Since 1949 both parts form the autonomous Italian Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region. The northern part of Tyrol retained by the First Austrian Republic today forms

1360-509: Was a Kronland (Crown Land) of Cisleithania . After World War I , the victors settled border changes. The Treaty of Saint-Germain of 1919 ruled according to the 1915 London Pact , that the southern part of the Austrian crown land of Tyrol had to be ceded to the Kingdom of Italy , including the territory of the former Trent bishopric, roughly corresponding to the modern-day Trentino , as well as

1400-500: Was concerned with the residence of King Louis XIV and had plans for a similar retreat drafted by his court architect Georg von Dollmann (1830–1895). A possible building site was chosen in the Graswang valley near Ettal , the later site of Linderhof Palace . After several revisions, Dollmann's designs for a former pavilion resembling Grand Trianon or the Château de Marly had grown to

1440-533: Was erected between 1642 and 1731. In the course of the German Mediatisation , Herrenchiemsee Abbey was secularised in 1803, the cathedral desecrated in 1807, and the Chiemsee diocese finally dissolved in 1808. The island was then sold; various owners demolished the cathedral, sold the interior, and even turned the abbey into a brewery. King Ludwig II of Bavaria warded off plans for the complete deforestation of

1480-518: Was governed by the central government of the Habsburg monarchy at Vienna in all matters of major importance. In 1803 the lands of the Bishoprics of Trent and Brixen were secularised and incorporated into the county. Following defeat by Napoleon in 1805, Austria was forced to cede Tyrol, which was split between the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Kingdom of Italy in the Peace of Pressburg . Tyrol as

1520-460: Was never designed to host a thousand-head royal household. Ludwig only had an opportunity to stay at the Palace for a few days in September 1885, with a handful of rooms richly decorated and the unfinished parts covered by colorful canvasses. After the king's death in the following year, all construction work was discontinued. During the period between 1863 and 1886, 16,579,674 Marks were spent. Using

1560-542: Was re-established as a convent of Canons regular living under the Rule of St. Augustine . The construction of a new Romanesque basilica, dedicated to Sts Sixtus and Sebastian, was completed in 1158. In 1215, with the approval of Pope Innocent III , the Salzburg archbishop Eberhard von Regensburg made the monastery church the cathedral of a suffragan diocese in its own right, the Bishopric of Chiemsee , including several parishes on

1600-631: Was recognized as an immediate lordship. He supported the German king Rudolph of Habsburg against his rival King Ottokar II of Bohemia . In reward, he received the Duchy of Carinthia with the Carniolan march in 1286. In 1307 Meinhard's son Henry was elected King of Bohemia , After his death, he had one surviving daughter, Margaret Maultasch , who could gain the rule only over Tyrol. In 1342 she married Louis V of Wittelsbach , then Margrave of Brandenburg . The red eagle in Tyrol's coat of arms may derive from

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