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45-520: He Jin was born into a family of butchers in Nanyang , hometown of the dynastic founder Emperor Guangwu . During the reign of Emperor Ling, his younger half-sister entered the palace and soon became one of the emperor's favourites. In January 181, she was made empress and He Jin henceforth began a speedy escalation up the bureaucratic ladder. When the Yellow Turban Rebellion erupted in 184, He Jin

90-451: A concubine of the warlord Cao Cao , who adopted He Yan. However, He Yan was buried at Lujiang when one's place of burial was customarily the ancestral home, which contradicts the fact that He Jin was from Nanyang; so He Yan was probably a grandson of He Miao, as Weilue suggests, while it was recorded that there had actually been several families of the Zhu clan, which might be the clan that He Miao

135-443: A good foundation for development. Nanyang is a great city of education. It has a fine tradition of respecting teachers and teaching and educating students. It has taken the lead in proposing a strategy of science and education in the country. In particular, in recent years, the municipal party committee and the municipal government have attached great importance to education. The education industry in our city has developed vigorously and

180-463: A military power base of their own, relied on the support of Empress Dowager He and He Miao. At the urging of Yuan Shao, He Jin summoned the general Dong Zhuo ( 董卓 )to the outskirts of Luoyang, in an attempt to force the Empress Dowager to back down. In the ninth month of that year, He Jin entered the palace to request the Empress Dowager agree to the execution of the eunuchs. However, Zhang Rang ,

225-469: A political and cultural center of southwestern Henan province and a hub for trade. Nanyang is located in southwestern Henan, bordering Hubei ( Xiangyang , Shiyan , and Suizhou ) to the south, Shaanxi ( Shangluo ) to the west and the following prefecture-level cities in Henan: The latitude of the entire prefecture ranges from 32° 17' to 33° 48' N, while the longitude ranges from 110° 58' to 113° 49' E, and

270-538: A total of 1,500 taxis were in operation in Nanyang; all of them run on natural gas. In addition, there are more than 1,790 app-taxis and 35.98% of them are powered by renewable energy. Dockless app based bikeshares such as DiDi Bike and Hellobike are also available. Nanyang has planned six light rail lines with a total track mileage of 134 km. The official language of Nanyang is Mandarin Chinese , but most locals speak

315-402: A trap at the imperial palace where he would be assassinated. However, when He Jin arrived, a minor official Pan Yin ( 潘隱 ) subtly warned He Jin about Jian Shuo's plot. Astonished, He Jin returned to his own camp and evaded the assassination attempt. Afterwards, He Jin had Jian Shuo arrested, executed, and then seized command of the troops previously under Jian Shuo's command. With the support of

360-559: Is 1.6 °C (34.9 °F) and in July it is 27.0 °C (80.6 °F); the annual mean is 15.2 °C (59.4 °F). More than half the annual rainfall occurs from June to August.Winter lasts for 110-135 days, followed by summer for 110-120 days, and spring and autumn for 55-70 days. The whole city area has a population over 10.26 million, which is the twelfth prefecture-level city in China now. The built-up area has over 1.8 million people, which

405-684: Is detailed in the Book of Liang of a merchant from the Roman Empire who in 226 arrived in Jiaozhi , near modern Hanoi , and was sent to the court of the Eastern Wu emperor Sun Quan , who asked him for a report on his native country and its people. Yu Huan also includes a brief description of "Zesan", a vassal state of the Roman Empire. John E. Hill identified "Zesan" with Azania in East African coast, but this

450-426: Is served by the following rail lines: Nanjing-Xi'an Railway , Jiaozuo-Liuzhou Railway , Haoji Railway , and Zhengzhou–Wanzhou high-speed railway . Nanyang has three major railway stations: Nanyang railway station , Nanyang East railway station , and Nanyang West railway station. There are also several other small stations serving suburban areas. Direct train service is available to Beijing, Shenyang, and Harbin to

495-537: Is the fifth largest city in Henan Province. About 1 million commute from the city, mainly to Zhengzhou, Guangdong province, Beijing and Shanghai. The majority of the province is Han; among the minority nationalities are the Hui people and Man people . As of the 2020 Chinese census , Nanyang was home to 9,713,112 people, ranking nineteenth in China, and its built-up ( or metro ) area made of Wolong and Wancheng Districts

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540-417: Is unlikely, since later source like New Book of Tang told that "Zesan" located to the northeast of Roman Empire, therefore it could be Trebizond . Weilüe mentioned a kingdom named "Panyue" or "Hanyuewang", located to the southeast of India . Hill identified it with Pandya of Tamilakam and gave a translation: "The kingdom of Panyue (Pandya) is also called Hanyuewang. It is several thousand li to

585-560: The Henan dialect , with its easily identifiable stereotypical features; this local dialect is known as Nanyang Hua ( 南阳话 ), and is spoken by about 15 million people in the area. There are mainly Chu culture series, Han culture series, Three Kingdoms culture series, and various ancient architectural development and utilization series. The rare treasures unearthed from the Spring and Autumn tombs in Danyang,

630-585: The Nanyang Basin . In the name "Nanyang" ( simplified Chinese : 南阳 ; traditional Chinese : 南陽 ; pinyin : Nányáng ), Nan ( 南 ) means south, and Yang ( 阳 / 陽 ) means sun—the south side of a mountain, or the north side of a river, in Chinese is called Yang . The name came from Nanyang Commandery , a commandery established in the region during the Warring States period . Before

675-621: The Roman Empire ( Daqin ). Land communications with the West apparently continued relatively uninterrupted to Cao Wei after the fall of the Eastern Han dynasty . Yu Huan apparently never left China, but he collected a large amount of information on the countries to the west of China including Parthia , India, and the Roman Empire, and the various routes to them. Some of this information had reached China well before Yu Huan's time, and can also be found in

720-678: The Weilüe , or "Brief Account of Wei", by Yu Huan has been lost, but the chapter on the Xirong people was quoted by Pei Songzhi as an extensive footnote to volume 30 of the Annotated Records of the Three Kingdoms , which was first published in 429. Other than this chapter, only a few isolated quotes remain in other texts. Yu Huan does not mention his sources in the text that has survived. Some of this new data presumably came to China via traders from

765-574: The army placed under the command of Jian Shuo , a trusted eunuch. By commanding the Army of the Western Garden, the emperor could put He Jin under his own command. The military prowess of this new army was never showcased, however, as it was disbanded less than a year later. When Emperor Ling died in May 189, the stage was set for a showdown between He Jin and the eunuch faction. Jian Shuo plotted to lure He Jin into

810-619: The banks of the Bai River in Nanyang. Later, with the help of the 28 generals of the Cloud Terrace and the financial support of Nanyang, Liu Xiu successfully ascended to power and established the Eastern Han dynasty. Nanyang became the southern capital, ranking as the second largest city after Luoyang, the capital. During that time, Nanyang was home to numerous influential families. Nanyang subsequently declined somewhat in importance, but remained

855-521: The capital of Chu, are well-known and the Chu Great Wall site, known as the "father of the Great Wall of China," has attracted attention. The Han cultural relics in Nanyang, represented by the "Three Wonders of Nanyang Han Culture" such as portrait stones, portrait bricks, and pottery dogs, rank first in the country in terms of quantity, scale, content, research, and tourism value discovered; There are also

900-455: The capital, stormed the palace and massacred the eunuchs. The resulting power vacuum allowed Dong Zhuo to seize control of the imperial court. As soon as he held supremacy over the capital, Dong Zhuo deposed the emperor in favour of the Prince of Chenliu, who came to be known as Emperor Xian . The deposition as well as Dong Zhuo's subsequent atrocities incurred the wrath of many. In 190, warlords from

945-558: The city with industry and strengthening the city with industry", prioritizing the acceleration of the construction of a characteristic advanced manufacturing center city and making every effort to create a new highland for innovative development in the manufacturing industry. Nanyang has three main sports centers. Among them, the Nanyang First Sports and Fitness Center is the home of the Henan Golden Elephants . Nanyang

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990-472: The city's science and technology. Innovation, social progress and improvement of people's livelihood have also laid a good foundation for achieving a higher level of development at a new starting point. The prefecture-level city of Nanyang administers 2 districts , 1 county-level city and 10 counties . At present, the Nanyang Municipal Government has set the development goal of "building

1035-520: The eastern provinces formed a coalition to oust Dong Zhuo, which kicked off a series of civil wars that were to last for nearly a century. He Jin had at least two half-siblings and a step-brother: According to historical sources, it is widely believed that He Jin had at least one son, He Xian ( 何咸 ), who survived the downfall of the He family in 189, and who had a son, He Yan ( c. 196–249). As He Xian died early, his wife Lady Yin ( 尹夫人 ) remarried and became

1080-417: The elite Yuan family, particularly Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu , the succession dispute was resolved in favour of Liu Bian , the son of Empress He, who ascended the throne in the fifth month of that year. He Jin and his sister, now the Empress Dowager, jointly took on the role of regent. During the summer months, He Jin and his subordinates engaged the eunuch faction in court politics. The eunuchs, now without

1125-512: The face of higher education has undergone tremendous changes. There are 6 colleges and universities in the city, with nearly 90,000 students. All colleges and universities adhere to the Party's education policy, implement the fundamental tasks of Lide Shuren, and have achieved unprecedented achievements in personnel training, scientific research, social services, cultural heritage innovation and international exchanges and cooperation, which not only promotes

1170-543: The formation of Chinese civilization . The Baliqiao site in Fangcheng County is a core settlement of the Erlitou culture . It served as an important hub for the transfer and control of resources. Nanyang was the capital of the state of Shen in the first millennium BCE. After the unification of the six states by Qin, the "relocation of unruly people to Nanyang" brought together the wealthy and skilled merchants and artisans of

1215-461: The imperial armies. During this time, other members of his family, such as his younger step-brother He Miao ( 何苗 ), were also elevated to positions of importance. In 188, perhaps as a counterweight to the power of the He family, Emperor Ling created the Army of the Western Garden . The emperor ostentatiously paraded in front of the army and had himself named "Supreme General" ( 無上將軍 ). The emperor also had

1260-520: The largest ancient iron smelting workshop in the country - the Wafangzhuang site, the sizable Han Wancheng site, the medical saint temple where the famous Han Dynasty great medical expert Zhang Zhongjing's ancestral tomb is located, and the famous tomb of the Eastern Han Dynasty scientist and writer Zhang Heng at home and abroad. The historical influence of the Three Kingdoms period is profound, and

1305-511: The leader of the eunuch faction, discovered He Jin's plan through a spy who overheard the conversation between He Jin and the Empress Dowager. After hearing of this, the eunuchs lured He Jin into the Imperial Palace under pretense of a summons from the Empress Dowager. He Jin arrived without his escort, and was murdered by the eunuchs. After hearing of He Jin's death, Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu, both with significant control of military forces within

1350-507: The likely candidate for "Panyue" was Pundravardhana in Bengal . The section on Daqin (Roman territory) from the Weilüe was translated into English by Friedrich Hirth in his pioneering 1885 volume, China and the Roman Orient . Hirth included translations of a wide range of other Chinese texts relating to Daqin and the Chinese text of each is included. In 1905, Édouard Chavannes translated

1395-563: The name "Nanyang" became associated with the city itself, it was referred to as "Wan" ( 宛 ).Nanyang, also known as Wan, Nandu, and Dixiang. 550,000 years ago, Nanzhao Man inhabited near Xinghuashan, Nanzhao . Between 5,000 BCE and 3,000 BCE, a substantial Neolithic settlement thrived in Huangshan, situated north of Nanyang. Excavations of the Huangshan ruins have uncovered remnants of jade workshops, high-level tombs, wharves, and granaries. The Huangshan Archeological Site provided insight into

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1440-431: The new information appears to have come from the Eastern Han dynasty, before China was largely cut off from the West by civil wars and unrest along its borders during the late second century. The Weilüe describes the routes to the Roman Empire and it is quite possible that some, or all, of the new information on the Roman Empire and Parthia came from foreign sailors. One such record which may have been available to Yu Huan

1485-731: The north of Nanyang city proper, there is a mountain called Mount Du , which is famous for the Dushan jade , one of the four famous jades of China, now a rarity. To the southwest is Neixiang County with the newly developing Baotianman Biosphere Reserve—an area of high biodiversity, with 65 rare and endangered species. The climate is generally moderate and is a four-season humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cwa ), with strong monsoon influences: winters are cool but dry, and summers are hot and humid. Spring and autumn provide transitions of reasonable length. The monthly daily average temperature in January

1530-481: The north; Shanghai, Nanjing, and Hangzhou to the east; Xining, Lanzhou, and Ürümqi to the west; and Guangzhou, Xiamen, Nanning, and Kunming to the south. As of 2023, Nanyang has 898 km expressway, ranking the longest in Henan Province. The expressway is an important part of Nanyang's "One cross, three rings, and six radiations" plan. Nanyang Jiangying Airport is a civil aviation airport. It's 20 minutes from

1575-573: The prefecture spans 26,600 square kilometres (10,300 sq mi). The city lies within the Nanyang Basin , which is part of a region in Central China that lies in the gap between the eastern end of the Qin Mountains and the source of the Huai River . Thus, using those two geographic features as the standard dividing line, it is difficult to classify the city into northern or southern China . To

1620-539: The province of Hubei to the south. Nanyang is known for its outstanding people and land, producing numerous talents. In history, it has nurtured the "sage of science" Zhang Heng, "sage of medicine" Zhang Zhongjing, "sage of commerce" Fan Li, and "sage of intelligence" Zhuge Liang. It has also nurtured contemporary celebrities such as philosopher Feng Youlan, military strategist Peng Xuefeng, literary figure Yao Xueyin, technological inventor Wang Yongmin, and writer Er Yuehe. Dinosaur egg fossils have been discovered in

1665-576: The remaining relics mainly include the Wuhou Temple, Weigong Bridge, Fengchu Terrace, as well as the ancient battlefield of Huoshao Bowang in Fangcheng and the council stage in Xinye. There is also a local form of Chinese opera called Wan bang. Weilue The Weilüe ( Chinese : 魏略 ; 'A Brief [History] of Wei ') was a Chinese historical text written by Yu Huan between 239 and 265. Yu Huan

1710-513: The sections dealing with the ' Western Regions ' of the Shiji , the Book of Han , and the Book of the Later Han . In spite of this repetition of earlier (and sometimes fanciful) information, the Weilüe contains new, unique, and generally trustworthy material, mostly from the late second and early third centuries. It is this new information that makes the Weilüe a valuable historical source. Most of

1755-530: The six states, promoting the development of Nanyang's economy, especially the iron smelting industry, which became one of the national iron smelting centers .It became commercially important under the Han dynasty , as it had many iron foundries and other manufacturing sites, and also fell at the convergence of routes between major cities. It's an important city of the Silk Road . Emperor Gengshi 's enthronement took place on

1800-472: The southeast of Tianzhu (Northern India), and is in contact with Yi Circuit [in modern southern Yunnan ]. The inhabitants are small; they are the same height as the Chinese. Traders from Shu (Western Sichuan) travel this far. The Southern Route, after attaining its most westernmost point, turns southeast until it reaches its end." He believed the phrase " 與益部相近 " meant "in contact with Yi Circuit". However it could be taken literally as "close to Yi Circuit", and

1845-422: The urban area. Passengers can take flights to and from Beijing , Shanghai , Guangzhou , Shenzhen , and Guilin . There are also two avion airports. Tanghe to Madian waterway is under construction; the project is expected to be completed by the end of 2024. Nanyang Public Transportation Corporation has 1,005 buses (97.8% are clean energy buses), 44 bus lines (859.8 km), and 1,050 stations. As of 2023,

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1890-518: Was an official in the state of Cao Wei (220–265) during the Three Kingdoms period. Although not a formal historian, Yu Huan has been held in high regard among Chinese scholars. As per the texts, Roman (known to the Chinese as Daqin ) travelers and traders of those times claimed that Roman elites were descendants of immigrants from ancient Chinese nobility and Parthian elites were descendants of ancient North Indian empires . The original text of

1935-494: Was appointed General-in-Chief ( 大將軍 ). He commanded the imperial armory, secured strategic forts around the capital and moved quickly to crush the uprising at Luoyang led by Ma Yuanyi ( 馬元義 ), a follower of the rebel leader, Zhang Jue . The campaign was deemed a success and He Jin was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Shen ( 慎侯 ). After the rebellion was quelled, He Jin continued in the role of General-in-Chief, technically in control of all

1980-454: Was from, at Lujiang during Eastern Han. Nanyang, Henan Nanyang is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Henan province, China. The city with the largest administrative area in Henan, Nanyang borders Xinyang to the southeast, Zhumadian to the east, Pingdingshan to the northeast, Luoyang to the north, Sanmenxia to the northwest, the province of Shaanxi to the west, and

2025-816: Was home to 2,085,680 people. In 2022, Nanyang City has 49 ethnic minority groups with a population of 288000. The distribution of ethnic minorities shows the characteristics of "large dispersion and small mixed residence", among which the Hui ethnic group has 163800 people, distributed in Wancheng District, Dengzhou City, Zhenping County and other places; There are 72600 Mongolian people, distributed in Zhenping County, Neixiang County and other places; There are 28600 Manchu people, distributed in Nanzhao County, Xichuan County and other places. Nanyang higher education already has

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