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16-513: Hasidut (from the Hebrew: חסידות , Sephardic pronunciation: [ħasiˈdut] [ ḥasidut ]; Ashkenazic pronunciation: [χasiˈdus] [ chasidus ]; "piety" or " loving-kindness "), alternatively transliterated as hasiduth , may refer to: Hasidic Judaism - a branch of Orthodox Judaism, founded in 18th-century Eastern Europe by Rabbi Yisroel ben Eliezer ( Baal Shem Tov ) Hasidic philosophy -

32-647: A modified form by the Kimhi family; the current Sephardic pronunciation largely reflects the system that it laid down. By then, the Tiberian notation was universally used though it was not always reflected in pronunciation. The Spanish grammarians accepted the rules laid down by the Tiberian Masoretes, with the following variations: There are further differences: When Eliezer ben Yehuda drafted his Standard Hebrew language , he based it on Sephardi Hebrew, both because this

48-513: A vowel (or continuant ) and [b] otherwise (such as after a pause). There is also a difference in the pronunciation of tau raphe ( ת ‎, tau without dagesh ): Closely related to the Sephardi pronunciation is the Italian pronunciation of Hebrew , which may be regarded as a variant. In communities from Italy, Greece and Turkey, he is not realized as [h] but as a silent letter because of

64-599: Is also found in Mizrahi Hebrew , but is not found in Israeli Hebrew . It is represented in the transliteration of proper names in the Authorised Version , such as "Naomi", "Aholah" and "Aholibamah". Consonants Vowels Sephardim differ on the pronunciation of bet raphe ( ב ‎, bet without dagesh ). Persian, Moroccan, Greek, Turkish, Balkan and Jerusalem Sephardim usually pronounce it as [v] , which

80-431: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sephardi Hebrew There is some variation between the various forms of Sephardi Hebrew, but the following generalisations may be made: This last difference is the standard shibboleth for distinguishing Sephardi from Ashkenazi, Yemenite, and Tiberian Hebrew. The differentiation between kamatz gadol and kamatz katan

96-457: Is inherited from the old Palestinian vowel notation . In formal liturgical use, however, many Sephardim are careful to make some distinction between these vowels to reflect the Tiberian notation. (That can be compared to the attempts of some Ashkenazim to use the pharyngeal sounds of ḥet and ayin in formal contexts, such as reading the Torah.) In brief, Sephardi Hebrew appears to be a descendant of

112-467: Is made according to purely phonetic rules, without regard to etymology, which occasionally leads to spelling pronunciations at variance with the rules laid down in Biblical Hebrew grammar books. For example, כָל (all), when unhyphenated, is pronounced "kal", rather than "kol" (in "kal 'atsmotai" and " Kal Nidre "), and צָהֳרַיִם (noon) is pronounced "tsahorayim", rather than "tsohorayim". This feature

128-677: Is reflected in Modern Hebrew. Spanish and Portuguese Jews traditionally pronounced it as [b ~ β] (as do most Mizrahi Jews ), but that is declining under the influence of Israeli Hebrew. That may reflect changes in the pronunciation of Spanish . In Medieval Spanish (and in Judaeo-Spanish ), b and v were separate, with b representing a voiced bilabial stop and v realized as a bilabial fricative [β]. However, in Renaissance and modern Spanish, both are pronounced [β] (bilabial v) after

144-643: The Palestinian tradition, partially adapted to accommodate the Tiberian notation and further influenced by the pronunciation of Judeo-Arabic dialects and Judaeo-Spanish (Ladino). The origins of the different Hebrew reading traditions reflect older differences between the pronunciations of Hebrew and Middle Aramaic current in different parts of the Fertile Crescent : Judea , the Galilee , Greater Syria , Upper Mesopotamia , and Lower Mesopotamia ("Babylonia"). In

160-676: The influence of Italian, Judaeo-Spanish and (to a lesser extent) Modern Greek , all of which lack the sound. That was also the case in early transliterations of Spanish-Portuguese manuscripts ( Ashkibenu , as opposed to Hashkibenu ), but he is now consistently pronounced in those communities. Basilectal Modern Hebrew also shares that characteristic, but it is considered substandard. In addition to ethnic and geographical distinctions, there are some distinctions of register. Popular Sephardic pronunciation, such as for Spanish and Portuguese Jews , makes no distinction between pataḥ and qameṣ gadol [a], or between segol , ṣere and shewa na [e]: that

176-427: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hasidut&oldid=1254534113 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Hasidic Judaism Hasidic thought Jewish mysticism Jewish theology Hebrew words and phrases Hidden categories: Articles containing Hebrew-language text Pages with Hebrew IPA Short description

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192-603: The popularisation of the Tiberian notation. The Sephardi traditions are ultimately related to the medieval Palestinian pronunciation tradition which is represented by the Palestinian vocalization and the Palestino-Tiberian vocalization systems. [...] The Palestinian pronunciation was transferred to Europe, North Africa and most of the Middle Eastern communities. In Iraq and Iran it replaced the Babylonian pronunciation, which

208-471: The teachings, interpretations, and various practices of Judaism as articulated by the Hasidic movement List of Hasidic dynasties See also [ edit ] Hasid (term) Hasideans Ashkenazi Hasidim Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Hasidut . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

224-712: The time of the Masoretes (8th-10th centuries), there were three distinct notations for denoting vowels and other details of pronunciation in biblical and liturgical texts. One was the Babylonian ; another was the Palestinian ; still another was Tiberian Hebrew , which eventually superseded the other two and is still in use today. By the time of Saadia Gaon and Jacob Qirqisani , Palestinian Hebrew had come to be regarded as standard, even in Babylonia. That development roughly coincided with

240-466: Was the de facto spoken form as a lingua franca in the land of Israel and because he believed it to be the most beautiful of the Hebrew dialects. However, the phonology of Modern Hebrew is in some respects constrained to that of Ashkenazi Hebrew , including the elimination of pharyngeal articulation and the conversion of /r/ from an alveolar tap to a voiced uvular fricative , though this latter sound

256-778: Was used in these regions during the Middle Ages. It is possible that it was disseminated in the Middle East by Sephardi teachers who settled in the East after the expulsions from Spain and Portugal in the 15th century. According to Morag (1963, 288–289; 2003) there is evidence that the Babylonian pronunciation was in use in Spain in the early Middle Ages, brought there, it seems, by teachers from Babylonia. The accepted rules of Hebrew grammar were laid down in medieval Spain by grammarians such as Judah ben David Hayyuj and Jonah ibn Janah and later restated in

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