59-637: Hampden may refer to: Places [ edit ] Oceania [ edit ] Hampden, New Zealand Hampden (New Zealand electorate) Murchison, New Zealand , known as Hampden until 1882 Hampden, Queensland Hampden, South Australia County of Hampden, Victoria , Australia Shire of Hampden , a former local government area in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Canada [ edit ] Hampden, Newfoundland and Labrador Hampden, Quebec Great Britain [ edit ] Hampden Park ,
118-513: A British independent private bank Hampden Bank , a registered national historic building in Springfield, Massachusetts Handley Page Hampden , a British medium bomber aircraft of World War 2 Hampden Park (disambiguation) Hampden–Sydney College , an all-male liberal arts college in Hampden–Sydney, Virginia USS Hampden , a United States Navy brigantine USS Hampden County ,
177-411: A United States Navy landing craft All pages with titles containing Hampden See also [ edit ] The Hampdens , an Australian indie pop band All pages with titles containing Hampden Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Hampden . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
236-460: A fair compromise between range, payload, and speed. During early 1936, the first prototype, designated as the HP.52 and given the serial number K4240 , was completed. On seeing the narrow-yet-deep fuselage, which was only 3 ft wide, C. G. Grey , founder of The Aeroplane magazine, remarked "it looks like a flying suitcase", a nickname that stuck with the aircraft for its lifetime. On 21 June 1936,
295-646: A football stadium in Glasgow, third local ground using the name Hampden Park (1873–83) , its first predecessor Second Hampden Park (known as such 1883–1903) Hampden Park, Eastbourne , a suburb of Eastbourne, Sussex Great and Little Hampden , a parish in Buckinghamshire United States [ edit ] Hampden, Alabama Hampden, Maine , a town in Penobscot County Hampden (CDP), Maine , census-designated place within
354-552: A large number of Hampdens were dispatched on night-time mine -laying (code-named "gardening") flights in the North Sea in areas deemed unapproachable by British shipping. According to Moyes, this activity proved highly effective, experiencing a low casualty rate of less than 1.9 aircraft per mission. The Hampden also saw a return to its use as a daytime bomber during the Norwegian Campaign , but quickly proved to be under-gunned in
413-538: A long-range torpedo bomber (the Hampden TB Mk I with a Mk XII torpedo in an open bomb bay and a 500-pound (230 kg) bomb under each wing) and as a maritime reconnaissance aircraft . The Hampden was also used by the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF), Aviatsiya Voenno-Morskogo Flota (AV-MF: Maritime Military Fleet Aviation) of
472-648: A single person. The navigator sat behind the pilot and access in the cockpit required folding down the seats. Once in place, the crew had almost no room to move and were typically uncomfortable during long missions. Aircrews referred to the Hampden by various nicknames due to this, such as Flying Suitcase , Panhandle , and Flying Tadpole . Wilfred John Lewis wrote: I did my first flight and first tour on Hampdens. A beautiful aeroplane to fly, terrible to fly in! Cramped, no heat, no facilities where you could relieve yourself. You got in there and you were stuck there. The aeroplane
531-816: A small number of sorties from Vaenga. While it was originally intended that the Hampdens would be flown back to Scotland, the prevailing west–east headwinds on such a flight might have pushed the Hampdens beyond their maximum endurance and it was decided to transport the wing's personnel back to Britain by sea and gift the Hampdens to the Soviet Navy . Aircrews and mechanics from Maritime Military Fleet Aviation ( Aviatsiya Voenno-Morskogo Flota ; VMF) were trained by members of 144 and 455 Squadrons, before their return to Britain in October. The 3rd Squadron, 24th Mine-Torpedo Aviation Regiment (24 Минно-торпедный авиаполк; 24 MTAP ) operated
590-613: A small town in North Otago , New Zealand , lies close to the North Otago coast, 35 kilometres south of Oamaru and 80 kilometres north of the city of Dunedin , to both of which it is connected by State Highway 1 . The township's population at its largest was about 560, but by 2009 it had dwindled to approximately 230. Hampden is named in honour of the English politician John Hampden by early surveyor W. B. D. Mantell, possibly influenced by
649-416: A tavern, and a historic town hall. Sheep farming is the primary economic activity of the region and is augmented by farming of other livestock. The Hampden Energy Forum, established in 2007, has grown into a community self-help scheme that involves nearly everyone in the settlement, growing from a small group of enthusiasts who were concerned about the future of small rural communities in "post-oil" days. At
SECTION 10
#1732848871788708-420: Is claimed to have discarded the belief that aircraft such as the Hampden could realistically operate by day and instead chose to predominantly employ them under the cover of darkness during nighttime operations. During 1940, Hampdens of 5 Group conducted 123 nighttime airborne leaflet propaganda missions, losing only a single aircraft in the process. On 13 April 1940, days after Germany's invasion of Norway ,
767-506: The 2013 census , and an increase of 42 people (14.1%) since the 2006 census . There were 156 households, comprising 156 males and 177 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.88 males per female, with 48 people (14.2%) aged under 15 years, 30 (8.8%) aged 15 to 29, 168 (49.6%) aged 30 to 64, and 90 (26.5%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 86.7% European/ Pākehā , 15.9% Māori , 1.8% Pasifika , and 2.7% Asian . People may identify with more than one ethnicity. Although some people chose not to answer
826-614: The Air Ministry issued Specification B.9/32 seeking a twin-engined day bomber with higher performance than any preceding bomber aircraft. Handley Page and Vickers both designed aircraft to meet this specification, the Vickers design became the Wellington. The Handley Page design team, led by George Volkert , drafted a radical aircraft, initially centering upon the politically favoured Rolls-Royce Goshawk engine. By mid-1934 development of
885-549: The Central Flying School at Upavon Aerodrome , Wiltshire , become the first aircraft to enter RAF squadron service, being delivered to No. 49 Squadron . By late 1938, the mass manufacturing plans for the Hampden had been formalised. In addition to Handley-Page's own production line, the type was to be built under subcontract by English Electric at its factory in Preston , Lancashire ; on 6 August 1938, English Electric
944-588: The Royal Swedish Air Force (RSAF) in the Hampden, including in a potential licence production arrangement for 70 aircraft to be built in Sweden, a single production Hampden was supplied to Sweden. Designated P.5 by the RSAF, it was operated by the service until November 1945, after which it was sold to Svenska Aeroplan AB (SAAB) to serve as a flying testbed before being retired in late 1947. On 22 February 1940,
1003-724: The Soviet Union and the Swedish Flygvapnet (Air Force). The Hampden in RCAF service included the 160 examples manufactured in Canada by the Canadian Associated Aircraft consortium. Of the total built, 84 were shipped by sea to Great Britain, while the remainder came to Patricia Bay (Victoria Airport) B.C., to set up No. 32 OTU (RAF) used for bombing and gunnery training . Typical exercises at 32 OTU consisted of patrolling up
1062-607: The battleship Tirpitz . The Hampden crews flew from Sumburgh in the Shetland Islands to Vaenga (Vayenga; later known as Severomorsk) in Murmansk Oblast , Russia . This was a hazardous route, often subject to poor weather and spanning more than 2,100 nautical miles (3,900 km), partly over enemy-occupied territory in Norway and Finland. Eight Hampdens were lost or damaged beyond repair en route. 144 and 455 Squadrons flew
1121-483: The torpedo bomber role. Later that year, detachments from both squadrons were dispatched to Vaenga airfield , Murmansk , Russia, to help safeguard the Arctic convoys in the vicinity. A total of four squadrons assigned to Coastal Command would be equipped with Hampdens. These squadrons continued to use the type into late 1943; the last Coastal Command squadron transitioned from the type on 10 December 1943. Almost half of
1180-611: The " balalaika " – the Russian nickname for the Hampden, in reference to its unusual shape – until mid-1943, when losses, a lack of replacements and a shortage of spares forced its retirement. 24 MTAP then reverted to the Ilyushin DB-3 / Ilyushin Il-4 . In Sweden, the Flygvapnet assigned an HP.52 to Reconnaissance Wing F 11 at Nyköping for evaluation, under the designation P5. After the war,
1239-438: The "Flying Suitcase" because of its cramped crew conditions, or more plausibly, because of the unusually thin, deep, slab-sided and rectangular shape of the fuselage was reminiscent of that of a suitcase. In September 1938, No. 49 Squadron received the first Hampdens; by the end of the year, both 49 and 83 Squadrons at RAF Scampton had re-equipped with the type. A total of 226 Hampdens were in service with ten squadrons by
SECTION 20
#17328488717881298-508: The 1960s, and Hampden is now part of the Waitaki District . Hampden is described as a rural settlement by Statistics New Zealand, and covers 2.56 km (0.99 sq mi). It had an estimated population of 380 as of June 2024, with a population density of 148 people per km . It is part of the larger Waihemo statistical area . Hampden had a population of 339 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 36 people (11.9%) since
1357-794: The English Civil War John Hampden (1653–1696) (1653–1696), English politician, pamphleteer, and opponent of Charles II and James II, convicted of treason after the Monmouth Rebellion Renn Hampden (1793–1868), English theologian, Professor at Oxford, Bishop of Hereford (1847–68) Richard Hampden (1631–1695), English Whig politician, Privy Counsellor, and Chancellor of the Exchequer for William III of England Walter Hampden (1879–1955), American actor Viscount Hampden 1st Viscount Hampden (disambiguation) Other [ edit ] Hampden & Co. ,
1416-626: The Goshawk looked less promising and the Air Ministry relaxed the tare weight (unloaded weight) requirement of the specification, allowing for the use of heavier and more powerful radial engines such as the Bristol Perseus and Bristol Pegasus . According to aviation author Philip J.R. Moyes, the Handley Page design soon found support with the Air Ministry in part because it was judged to represent
1475-515: The HP.52 by the Swedish Air Force led to the creation of the HP.53 prototype, which was subsequently used as a testbed for a pair of 1,000 hp (750 kW) Napier Dagger VIII 24-cylinder H-block air-cooled inline engines. In August 1936, the Air Ministry placed an order for 100 Hampdens equipped with the Dagger engine. Those aircraft subsequently received the designation HP.53 , along with
1534-566: The Hampden had a curved Perspex nose fitted with a manual .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers K machine gun and a .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers K installation in the rear upper and lower positions. The layout was similar to the all-guns-forward cockpits introduced about the same time in Luftwaffe medium bombers, notably the Dornier Do 17 . During the Norwegian Campaign , these guns proved to be thoroughly inadequate for self-defence in daylight;
1593-581: The Hampdens built, 714, were lost on operations, with 1,077 crew killed and 739 reported as missing. German Flak accounted for 108, one hit a German barrage balloon , 263 Hampdens crashed because of "a variety of causes" and 214 others were classed as "missing". Luftwaffe pilots claimed 128 Hampdens, shooting down 92 at night. The last Bomber Command sorties by Hampdens were flown on the night of 14/15 September 1942 by 408 Squadron, RCAF against Wilhelmshaven . After being withdrawn from Bomber Command in 1942, it operated with RAF Coastal Command until 1943 as
1652-588: The RAF's first bombing raid on Berlin . Sergeant John Hannah was the wireless operator/air gunner of an 83 Squadron Hampden and was awarded the Victoria Cross on 15 September 1940, when he fought the flames of the burning aircraft, allowing the pilot to return it to base. In April 1942, the Hampden-equipped 144 Squadron and 455 Squadron RAAF were transferred from Bomber Command to Coastal Command to perform
1711-472: The United Kingdom for wartime service. The final Canadian-built aircraft was delivered in late 1941. The Hampden Mk I had a pilot, navigator/bomb aimer, radio operator and rear gunner. Conceived as a fast, manoeuvrable "fighting bomber", the Hampden had a fixed forward-firing .303 in (7.7 mm) Browning machine gun in the upper part of the fuselage nose. To avoid the weight penalties of powered turrets,
1770-506: The United Kingdom owns the wings and tail of "P1273"; the Lincolnshire Aviation Heritage Centre is currently restoring AE436 to flying condition. Both of these were also 144 Squadron aircraft, lost during the transfer to Russia. The former, "P1273" was shot down by mistake by Soviet fighters over Petsamo . The latter was lost over Sweden, its remains discovered in a remote region by hikers in 1976. The HP Hampden had
1829-639: The West Coast of Vancouver Island at night or flying out into the Pacific to a navigational map co-ordinate, often in adverse and un-forecast inclement weather. Due to attrition from accidents, about 200 "war weary" Hampdens were later flown from the U.K. to Patricia Bay as replacements. In Operation Orator , during September 1942, the crews of 32 Hampden TB.1 torpedo bombers from No. 144 Squadron RAF and No. 455 Squadron RAAF flew to Northwest Russia , to protect arctic convoy PQ 18 from German surface vessels, such
Hampden - Misplaced Pages Continue
1888-399: The aircraft was sold to SAAB where it was used as an avionics testbed. The Hampden was powered by two 980 hp (730 kW) Bristol Pegasus XVIII nine-cylinder radial engines. A Mk II variant, designated the HP.62, was developed by converting two Hampdens to use the 1,000 hp (750 kW) Wright Cyclone engine in 1940, but no further work was done on that project. Interest in
1947-401: The aircraft's high top speed for the era of 265 mph (230 kn; 426 km/h) while retaining a reasonably low landing speed of 73 mph (63 kn; 117 km/h). The Hampden's flying qualities were typically described as being favourable; Moyes described it as being "extraordinarily mobile on the controls". Pilots were provided with a high level of external visibility, assisting
2006-470: The brunt of the early bombing war over Europe , taking part in the first night raid on Berlin and the first 1,000-bomber raid on Cologne . When it became obsolete, after a period of mainly operating at night, it was retired from RAF Bomber Command service in late 1942. By 1943, the rest of the trio were being superseded by the larger four-engined heavy bombers such as the Avro Lancaster . In 1932,
2065-542: The census's question about religious affiliation, 54.9% had no religion, 34.5% were Christian , 0.9% were Hindu and 1.8% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 30 (10.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 81 (27.8%) people had no formal qualifications. 18 people (6.2%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 111 (38.1%) people were employed full-time, 48 (16.5%) were part-time, and 6 (2.1%) were unemployed. The Hampden Presbyterian church
2124-471: The defender of civil liberties" to inspire future crews of his namesake aircraft. L4032 and L4033 , which was the second production-standard Hampden to be produced, would be later assigned to the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment at RAF Martlesham Heath , Suffolk . On 20 September 1938, the third production Hampden, designated L4034 , following the completion of handling trials conducted by
2183-444: The execution of steep turns and other manoeuvres. The control layout required some familiarisation, as some elements such as the hydraulic controls were unobtrusive and unintuitive. Upon introduction, the Hampden exhibited greater speeds and initial climb rates than any of its contemporaries while still retaining favourable handling qualities. The slim and compact fuselage of the aircraft was quite cramped, being wide enough only for
2242-687: The face of German fighters. On 19 March 1940, Hampdens took part in the first deliberate bombing of German soil in a nighttime raid upon the seaplane hangars and slipways in Hörnum , Sylt . The type continued to operate at night on bombing raids over Germany. Flight Lieutenant Rod Learoyd of 49 Squadron was awarded the Victoria Cross for a low-level attack on the Dortmund-Ems canal on 12 August 1940 where two of five aircraft failed to return. On 25 August 1940, Hampdens from various squadrons participated in
2301-606: The first Preston-built Hampden, P2062 , conducted its maiden flight. English Electric would go on to manufacture a total of 770 Hampdens, more than any other company, before delivering its final aircraft on 15 March 1942. In July 1940, Handley-Page terminated its own production line for the Hampden upon the completion of its 500th aircraft. On 9 August 1940, the first Canadian-built Hampden, P5298 , made its debut flight; by October 1940, Canadian production had risen to 15 aircraft per month. A total of 160 Hampdens were completed by Canadian Associated Aircraft, many of which were ferried to
2360-497: The fuselage, a more rounded ventral defensive gun position, and a slightly modified nose. L7271 later received a pair of Dagger engines and was accordingly re-designated as the HP.53 ; on 1 July 1937, it performed its first flight after having received the new engines. Another prototype, L4032 , was produced to serve as the production-standard prototype; on 24 June 1938, the third prototype conducted its maiden flight. L4032 differed from
2419-528: The inaugural meeting to establish the Forum, more than one third of the town's population attended. The forum won the Trustpower Community Award in 2008. Hampden School is a full primary school catering for years 1 to 8, with a roll of 52 students as of August 2024. The school opened in 1864. Handley Page Hampden The Handley Page HP.52 Hampden is a British twin-engine medium bomber that
Hampden - Misplaced Pages Continue
2478-471: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hampden&oldid=1151036768 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Hampden, New Zealand Hampden ,
2537-510: The location of a public house, The Hampden Hotel, at the site. Hampden is situated beside a broad bay stretching from Aorere Point to Moeraki Point, on a coastal plain which rises westward to the foothills of the Horse Range and the Kakanui Range . The soil of this surrounding plain overlies a limestone formation. The Moeraki Boulders are located two kilometres south of Hampden. Much of
2596-460: The name Hereford . Manufactured by Short & Harland in Belfast , their performance was almost identical to that of their Hampden cousins, but there were problems with the engines. The Dagger engine proved to be noisy and unreliable. Cooling problems plagued the engine while being run on the ground, resulting in distortions and premature failures. The problems were not satisfactorily resolved, with
2655-555: The previous two prototypes in that it was powered by a pair of Pegasus XVIII engines, the nose incorporated an optically flat bomb-aiming panel, as well as the ventral and dorsal gun positions being revised. On 24 June 1938, L4032 was officially christened by Lady Katharine Mary Montagu-Douglas-Scott, Viscountess Hampden , at a ceremony held in Radlett Aerodrome, the same day on which its first flight took place. Viscountess Hampden's speech invoked "the spirit of John Hampden ,
2714-511: The prototype, powered by a pair of Bristol Pegasus P.E.5S(A) engines, conducted its maiden flight from Radlett Aerodrome , Hertfordshire , piloted by Handley-Page chief test pilot Major James Cordes. In late June 1936, the prototype was put on public display in the New Types Park, Hendon Air Show , London . In August 1936, in response to the successful flight trials performed by K4240 , the Air Ministry issued an initial production order for
2773-482: The result that most of the Herefords on order were converted to Hampdens, while those that were constructed were often re-engined to become Hampdens. A limited number of Herefords did enter squadron service but were only used by training units. No Hampdens remain in flying condition today, although examples do remain on display or undergoing restoration: Hampden I P1344 Hampden, P5436 The Wings Aviation Museum in
2832-434: The single guns were replaced by twin Vickers K guns, a process led by Air Vice Marshal Arthur Harris of No. 5 Group RAF in 1940. The Hampden had a flush- rivetted stressed skin, reinforced with a mixture of bent and extruded sections in an all-metal monocoque design. A split-assembly construction technique was employed: sections were prefabricated and then joined, to enable rapid and economic manufacture. The fuselage
2891-607: The start of the Second World War, with six forming the operational strength of 5 Group of Bomber Command based in Lincolnshire . With the outbreak of war in 1939, Hampdens were initially used to perform armed aerial reconnaissance missions, observing German naval activity during daylight. However, despite its speed and manoeuvrability, the Hampden proved to be no match for Luftwaffe fighters; in December 1939, Bomber Command
2950-732: The town Hampden Academy , former theological seminary, now a public high school Hampden, Baltimore , Maryland, a neighborhood Hampden County, Massachusetts Hampden, Massachusetts , a town in Hampden County Hampden, North Dakota Hampden, Ohio Hampden, West Virginia Hampden, Wisconsin Hampden Township (disambiguation) The fictitious town of Hampden, Vermont, in Donna Tartt's novel The Secret History People [ edit ] John Hampden (circa 1595–1643), English politician and Roundhead in
3009-552: The town lies between the Big Kuri (Kurinui) and Little Kuri Creeks. The streets of Hampden run in a rectangular grid pattern centred on the main highway and the railway. They are named after English locations, such as Lancaster , Shrewsbury , Worcester , and Norfolk . There is surfing on the Kātiki straight, as well as trout-fishing in the Waianakarua and Shag Rivers . The settlement
SECTION 50
#17328488717883068-488: The type, ordering 180 production aircraft to be manufactured to meet Specification B.30/36 ; concurrently, a second order for 100 aircraft powered by the Napier Dagger was issued to Belfast -based Short & Harland . In early 1937, a second prototype, which received the serial number L7271 , was completed; this second prototype had several differences from the first, including the pitot tube being repositioned below
3127-458: Was awarded an initial contract to manufacture 75 Hampdens. In addition, Canadian interest in domestic production of the type had resulted in the establishment of the joint Anglo-Canadian Canadian Associated Aircraft company, which promptly received an initial order from the RAF for 80 Hampdens to be completed in Canada; this facility would effectively act as a shadow factory during wartime. On 1 September 1938, in response to interest expressed by
3186-417: Was built around a main girder spar, leading edge section and trailing edge section. The wing made use of wingtip slots and hydraulically actuated trailing edge flaps ; the flaps and ailerons had stress-bearing D -spars. According to Moyes, the configuration of the wing was a key feature of Hampden, being highly tapered and designed to exert low levels of drag ; these attributes were responsible for
3245-419: Was built in 1870 and was no longer used for regular services in 2010 due to a declining number of parishioners. The church has seating for almost 200 parishioners. It was designed by the architect RA Lawson in 1869. The town includes a rural fire station, a fish-and-chip shop, a small supermarket, a motel, and backpackers, a popular camping ground, a cafe, mechanics workshop, a small second-hand goods shop,
3304-422: Was founded in the 1860s, with the first sale of land sections dated to March 1863. By 1865, there were two public houses in the area, The Hampden Hotel and The Clyde Hotel, and both a cemetery and mechanics' institute were in place by 1870. early industry in the area included the harvesting of flax and timber. A borough was proclaimed in 1879, with the first mayor being William Murcott. The borough existed until
3363-492: Was in three big sections – front, centre and rear – that were built using jigs . The centre and rear sections were made of two halves, which meant that the sections could be fitted out in part under better working conditions prior to assembly. All possible assembly work was performed at the benches prior to installation upon each aircraft. The wings were made up of three large units: centre section, port outer wing and starboard outer wing, which were also subdivided. Each section
3422-410: Was like a fighter. It was only 3 feet wide on the outside of the fuselage and the pilot was a very busy person. There were 111 items for the pilot to take care of because on the original aircraft he had not only to find the instruments, the engine and all that, but also he had all the bomb switches to hold the bombs. The newest of the three medium bombers, the Hampden was often referred to by aircrews as
3481-656: Was operated by the Royal Air Force (RAF). It was part of the trio of large twin-engine bombers procured for the RAF, joining the Armstrong Whitworth Whitley and Vickers Wellington . The Hampden was powered by Bristol Pegasus radial engines but a variant known as the Handley Page Hereford had in-line Napier Daggers . The Hampden served in the early stages of the Second World War , bearing
#787212