61-422: Halton Railway was a spur line from Wendover to RAF Halton used to transport coal and other goods to RAF Halton. It closed in 1963. Opened in 1917 after an eight-week construction period, the branch line ran for 1.75 miles (2.82 km) and was constructed by German prisoners of war during World War I . The railway was originally built to carry building materials into the site for construction of
122-514: A secondary modern school was opened at Thame. Chinnor now also has a community primary school , Mill Lane Community Primary School, that was built in 1974. St Andrew's and Mill Lane Community Primary School are feeder schools to Lord Williams's School in Thame or Icknield Community College in Watlington . The Watlington and Princes Risborough Railway between Princes Risborough and Watlington
183-466: A Church of England school. St Andrew's Church of England Primary School was designed by G.E. Street and building began in 1857. Magdalen College provided further funds in 1859 and the landlord of the Crown Inn also gave funds. The school at last opened in 1860. In 1892 it was enlarged, again at Magdalen College's expense. It became a voluntary controlled school in 1948 and taught children of all ages until
244-489: A churchwarden (died 1899) and his wife, and two soldiers killed in the First World War . By 1558 St Andrew's had a ring of four bells and a Sanctus bell . In the succeeding century all were replaced and the ring was increased to five. William Knight II of Reading cast the oldest bell in about 1586. Further bells were cast by Henry Knight I in 1620, Ellis Knight I in 1635, and Henry Knight II in 1663. A tenor bell
305-415: A half bays for first the north aisles and then the south aisle were built. Building of the present tower began towards the end of the 13th century. Early in the 14th century St Andrew's was remodelled. The chancel was entirely rebuilt, the tower was made higher and the porch was built. The aisles were widened, given new windows, and extended westwards to flank either side of the tower. A rood screen
366-521: A lace group. The Chinnor Lime Co. was founded in 1908 and began making cement in 1921. It became a public company as Chinnor Cement and Lime Ltd. in 1936. It established a quarry in the Chiltern escarpment south of the village. It expanded cement manufacturing capacity in 1928, 1939 and 1958. By 1975 it employed 160 men and expansion to double its capacity was proposed, although never realised. It closed in 1999. Its works were demolished by 2008 and in 2010–11
427-540: A male heir. After the death of his widow, Eleanor de Ferrers, the manor of Chinnor was divided between the Earl's three daughters Ellen, Lady Zouche , Elizabeth, Countess of Buchan and Margaret, Countess of Derby . By 1279 Elizabeth's third of the manor had been transferred to Margaret. This made the de Ferrers family feudal overlords of two-thirds of Chinnor, which they retained until after 1517 when Walter Devereux, 10th Baron Ferrers of Chartley sold Chinnor to an Alderman of
488-530: A member of the Kit-Cat Club , sold Chinnor to a William Huggins. In 1761 Huggins left Chinnor to his daughter Jane and son-in-law Rev. James Musgrave, grandson of Sir Richard Musgrave, 2nd Baronet, of Hayton Castle . Chinnor remained in the family of the Musgrave Baronets until the death of Sir William Augustus Musgrave, 10th Baronet in 1875, when it passed to his brother-in-law Aubrey Wenman Wykeham, who took
549-468: A pharmacy and a charity shop. There is a weekly open market on Thursdays. Wendover's pubs include The Red Lion, The George & Dragon, The White Swan, The King and Queen, The Pack Horse, and The Shoulder of Mutton. The Red Lion pub was home to 'Britain's Oldest Barmaid', 100-year-old Dolly Saville, who worked at the pub for 74 years. There are 113 listed buildings in Wendover, of which five are listed at
610-566: A private house in Chinnor was licensed for Anabaptist worship, and in 1759 and 1768 six people from Chinnor worshipped at an Anabaptist meeting house in Princes Risborough . The Congregationalist John Cennick (1718–55) preached in Chinnor but Chinnor Congregational Church was not built until 1805. It was enlarged in 1811 but suffered a schism in 1826, when a rival second chapel was built. The schism had been healed by 1839, by which time
671-463: A third of the parish was Methodist. By 1768 the Methodists had opened a small school in Chinnor. In 1778 he reported that they were increasing but by 1784 the reported proportion had fallen to a quarter of the population. By 1854 Chinnor had a Primitive Methodist chapel. It was replaced by a new chapel built in 1873 which is now Chinnor Methodist Church. By the early part of the 13th century there
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#1732852226032732-695: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Wendover Wendover is a town and civil parish at the foot of the Chiltern Hills in Buckinghamshire, England. It is situated at the point where the main road across the Chilterns between London and Aylesbury intersects with the once important road along the foot of the Chilterns. The town is 35 miles (56 km) north west of London and 5 miles (8 km) south east of Aylesbury . The parish has an area of 5,832 acres (2,360 ha) and had, at
793-745: Is based in Thame and is currently in National League 1 , the third tier of the English rugby union structure. Chinnor F.C. is a non-League football club that plays in Hellenic Football League Division One East and plays its home games at Station Road Playing Fields. The village has a cricket club, which plays in the Cherwell Cricket League. Chinnor has a Silver Band , that was founded in about 1850. Chinnor Beer Festival
854-513: Is not known whether this is because they needed rebuilding after civil war damage, or is an indication of the prosperity of the town at the time. In 1721, the Wendover to Buckingham Turnpike Trust was established, and Wendover became a stop for coach routes to and from London. It is likely that at this time a number of new inns and hostelries were built along the High Street. The Wendover Arm of
915-486: Is served by Chiltern Railways services to and from London Marylebone on the London to Aylesbury Line . Wendover has two bus routes passing through it: the 8 travels between Aylesbury and RAF Halton and the 55 travels between Aylesbury and Chesham . The 8 is run by Arriva , and the 55 is run by Red Rose Travel. Local news and television programmes are BBC South and ITV Meridian . Television signals are received from
976-416: Is unusual in having 3 crosstrees and 6 quarter bars. At the end of the 16th century Sir George Fermor (see above) enclosed some of the woods in the parish. Attempts to enclose Chinnor's common lands were ruled illegal and reversed in 1761 and 1817. Parliament passed an enclosure act for Chinnor in 1847 but the enclosure award to allocate the land was not implemented until 1854. On 18 June 1643 during
1037-493: The A413 road between London and Aylesbury, the London to Aylesbury railway line , and the new high speed rail link between London and the North that is now under construction. At Wendover this route is crossed by the route of the ancient Icknield Way , running along the line of the Chilterns, that has connected Wiltshire to Norfolk since prehistoric times. Besides the town itself,
1098-595: The English Civil War a Royalist force of 1,800 men led by Prince Rupert arrived from Oxford, overcame the Parliamentarian garrisons at Postcombe and Chinnor and took 120 men prisoner. A pursuing Parliamentarian force intercepted them 7 miles (11 km) away near Chalgrove , but in the resulting Battle of Chalgrove Field the Royalists fought off their pursuers and returned with their prisoners to Oxford. In
1159-657: The Grand Union Canal was built between 1793 and 1797 and served local industries whilst also providing a water supply for the parent canal. In September 1892, the railway reached the town with the opening of Wendover railway station on the Metropolitan Railway 's line to Aylesbury . Responsibility for the station was transferred from London Transport , who had inherited it from the Metropolitan Railway, to British Railways , in 1961. The 1841 census reveal
1220-537: The Icknield Way below the Chiltern escarpment. Since 1932 the civil parish has included the village of Emmington . The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 5,924. The Icknield Way is a pre- Roman road. The site of an Iron Age settlement from perhaps the 4th century BC has been excavated on the Chiltern ridge in the southern part of the parish. Traces of Romano-British occupation have been found both on
1281-459: The Oxford TV transmitter. Local radio stations are BBC Three Counties Radio , Heart East (formerly 97.6 Chiltern FM ), Greatest Hits Radio Bucks, Beds and Herts (formerly Mix 96) and Red Kite Radio, a community based radio station that broadcast from Aylesbury . The town is served by the local newspapers, Bucks Herald , Bucks Free Press and Wendover News. There are four schools in
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#17328522260321342-444: The workshops and other units. It also forwarded coal to the boilers on camp. It was later converted from a narrow gauge of 1 ft 11 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ( 597 mm ) to 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ( 1,435 mm ) standard gauge and was used to bring timber out of Halton woods . The conversion of boilers on the station from coal fired to oil fired, allowed road-tankers to take over
1403-576: The 16th-century timber framed Chiltern House and 18th-century Red House. To the north of the town centre is the terminus of the Wendover Arm of the Grand Union Canal , which joins Tring summit level of the Grand Union main line beside Marsworth top lock. Disused for over a century, the arm is in the course of being restored by the Wendover Arm Trust. Remote and rural for almost all its length,
1464-739: The Bird in Hand (closed 2000), the Royal Oak (closed 2011), the Kings Head (closed 2012) and the Black Boy (closed 2013). About 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles (2.4 km) south of the village at Spriggs Alley in the Chilterns is the Sir Charles Napier Inn gastropub . Chinnor has a public library, a village hall and a Women's Institute . Chinnor has several sports clubs. The rugby union club, Chinnor R.F.C. ,
1525-576: The City of London , Sir Stephen Jennings . Jennings immediately re-sold Chinnor to Richard Fermor of Easton Neston , Northamptonshire. In 1607 Fermor's grandson Sir George Fermor and great-grandson Sir Hatton Fermor sold Chinnor to Sir John Dormer, MP for Aylesbury . In 1667, Sir John's grandson Robert Dormer, also MP for Aylesbury, bought the Zouche manor that had been separate since the 13th century (see above). In 1739 Robert's grandson Lt. Gen. James Dormer ,
1586-406: The Earl's lands were supposed to have been restored to him, but Chinnor was granted to Walter de Vernon's grandson Hugh de la Mere in exchange for two palfrey horses and a term of service at Wallingford Castle . However, after the first Earl died in 1219 his son Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester successfully sued for possession of Chinnor and Sydenham. The second Earl died in 1265 without
1647-465: The Mill Lane estate more than doubled the physical size of the village. By 1803 Chinnor had a school of industry that taught lace -making and sewing. In 1815 there were three schools teaching girls to make lace, which became an important local industry (see above). There were four schools for boys but there was no Church of England school until the 1850s. In 1848 Magdalen College, Oxford voted to fund
1708-664: The Ridgeway Trail there are 33 miles of public rights of way and bridleways criss-crossing the parish and leading to the open chalk downland of Coombe Hill, Buckinghamshire , home to Britain's longest surviving geocache , and a monument to the Buckinghamshire men who died in the Boer War. Wendover Woods on Haddington Hill and Boddington Hill belong to Forest Enterprise England . There are routes for mountain bikers, and walking trails for walkers of various abilities as well as barbecue sites and play areas for children. On Boddington Hill are
1769-414: The associated population increases and deforestation to provide wood for construction work. In the latter part of the twentieth century, a number of large scale residential developments appeared, particularly to the north of the town. In 1998, the Wendover bypass was built, moving the A413 road west of the town centre, paralleling the railway line. Property values rose significantly in the years after
1830-407: The canal attracts much local wildlife, including a colony of mandarin ducks . It is possible to walk along the canal for about 5 miles (8.0 km) from the centre of Wendover, to Tring. To the south of town centre lie the open spaces of Witchell Meadow, Hampden Meadow and Rope Walk Meadow, the latter hosting the new Wendover Community Orchard in memory of the First World War . These are bounded to
1891-504: The civil parish includes the hamlets of: Wendover was represented by its own parliamentary constituency , intermittently from 1300 and continuously from 1660, until the seat was abolished by the Reform Act of 1832 . The town and parish now form part of the Aylesbury parliamentary constituency . This seat had elected a Conservative Member of Parliament from 1924 until 2024, when the seat
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1952-638: The completion of the bypass, which removed a lot of traffic from the town's narrow streets. In 2010, the proposed route the High Speed 2 rail line (HS2) from London to the Midlands was published, showing it taking a route in tunnel to the west of the bypass and town centre. As part of a wider campaign against the route, a Wendover lobby group was formed, with a 300 strong protest filmed by the BBC in December 2010. However, despite
2013-543: The east by the Heron Stream and to the south by Hampden Pond, both feeders to the canal. On the southern side of the pond lies Wendover's parish church, which is dedicated to St Mary , and which marks the site of the original settlement. The town is sited in a gap in the Chiltern Hills and a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . The ancient Ridgeway National Trail , an 85-mile walking route from Avebury to Ivinghoe , passes along Wendover High Street. Apart from
2074-554: The higher grade II* and the remainder are all listed at grade II. The five grade II* buildings are the parish church, the lychgate of that church, Bank Farmhouse, the Hale and the Red House. There is a distinctive red brick, spired clock tower at the junction of High Street and Tring Road in the centre of the town, built in 1842. The ground floor of the tower serves as the office of the parish council. The tree-lined Aylesbury Street includes
2135-439: The inward flow of fuel and accelerated the demise of the railway and the last train ran on 29 March 1963 with closure following two days afterwards. The majority of the track has since been removed, including the original bridge over the Grand Union Canal which was replaced by a modern footbridge , however much of the line is designated a permissive footpath ( rail trail ). This England rail transport related article
2196-542: The land continued to be used by the British Army throughout the First World War . In 1916 the Royal Flying Corps moved its air mechanics school from Farnborough , Hampshire to Halton, and in 1917, the school was permanently accommodated there, in what was to become the current RAF Halton . Whilst the base is not in the parish of Wendover, its close proximity impacted on the town, and the surrounding landscape, due to
2257-539: The latter part of the 18th century a petition signed by the Rector and 13 tenant farmers complained that Chinnor had such a "multitude" of alehouses that they were "a check to industry and good order" . The petition claimed that the Chequers was a house of ill fame and called for its licence not to be renewed. The 1851 Census recorded 268 lace -makers in Chinnor, including labourers' wives and 86 children. Chinnor still has
2318-516: The name "dwr" could derive from "dwfr" meaning "water". The Brythonic ancestor to the Welsh "dwr" is also the etymology of the city of Dover. The first known documentary reference to Wendover, then known as Wændofron , is in the will of Ælfheah , the ealdorman of Hampshire , and dates from between 965 and 971. Prior to the Norman Conquest , the manor, which at the time measured 24 hides in area,
2379-448: The name Wykeham-Musgrave. By then very little of the original lands remained with the manor. His son Wenman Aubrey Wykeham-Musgrave inherited both Chinnor and Thame Park but in 1917 the estates were broken up and sold. The earliest record of the Church of England parish church of Saint Andrew is from 1160. The nave was rebuilt in the 13th century, when the present arcades of four and
2440-460: The older parts of the town show clear signs of medieval town planning, especially the presence of long, narrow and rectilinear burgage plots. Both parliamentary and royalist forces visited the town during the Civil War , with looting reported by both sides. Many of the buildings in the town centre, and especially on High Street, Pound Street, and Aylesbury Road, date from the 17th century. It
2501-482: The opposition, the HS2 bill was passed in 2016. In 2017, construction contracts were signed. In 2019, the Wendover community launched WRAP (Wendover Resettlement Assistance Project), a project in partnership with CitizensUK . Wendover lies at approximately 130 metres (430 ft) above sea level. It occupies a prime position at the northern end of a natural crossing point through the Chiltern Hills , which wrap around
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2562-518: The path of High Speed 2 . The club will move to a new premises, funded by HS2 Ltd, soon in the future. Wendover is twinned with Liffré in Brittany, France. Chinnor Chinnor is a large village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire , England, about 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Thame and close to the border with Buckinghamshire . The village is a spring line settlement on
2623-581: The population that year was 1,877. Robert Louis Stevenson , the writer of famous works such as Treasure Island and the Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde , stayed a night at The Red Lion, in October 1874, which he wrote about in an essay called "An Autumn Effect". In 1913 Alfred de Rothschild invited the Royal Flying Corps to conduct manoeuvres on his land in the adjacent manor of Halton , and
2684-455: The remains of an Iron Age hill fort, Boddington Camp . Wendover and the surrounding villages including Aston Clinton , Ellesborough and Weston Turville , are widely regarded as exceptionally desirable places to reside and the town was named one of the best places to live in Britain by The Sunday Times in 2018. The town has rail access to London and is served by Wendover station which
2745-561: The same high ground and below on Icknield Way. A twin barrow on Icknield Way has been found to contain the weapons of a Saxon warrior that have been dated to the 6th century. Chinnor's toponym may originally have meant the ora ("slope") of a man called Ceona . There are records of Chinnor existing in the reign of King Edward the Confessor , when the manor was held by a Saxon royal servant called Lewin. The Domesday Book of 1086 records Lewin as still holding Chinnor, but soon after it
2806-562: The second chapel had been converted into the minister's manse . By 1841 the minister had opened a British School . A schoolroom was added to the chapel in 1884 and the chapel was restored in 1888. In 1893 funds were raised to add an infants' classroom to the school but by the end of the year the school had closed. The church survives as Chinnor Community Church. The Methodist George Whitefield (1714–70) preached in Chinnor and in 1753 two private houses were licensed for Methodist worship. In 1759 Chinnor's Church of England rector reported that
2867-462: The site was redeveloped as a housing estate now known as Old Kiln Lakes. Chinnor grew most quickly in the 1960s – from a population of 1,961 in the 1951 Census to 4,471 in the 1971 Census . The village was then largely concentrated around the main rectangular street plan of Station Road, Lower Road, High Street and Church Road. The hamlet of Oakley to the southwest was subsumed into the village around this time, when building along Oakley Road and
2928-549: The terminus of the Chinnor and Princes Risborough Railway , a heritage railway which operates steam and diesel trains on some weekends and bank holidays . Chinnor has bus links with Thame and High Wycombe by the No. 40, Princes Risborough railway station and town centre by the No. 320, High Wycombe and Oxford by the No. 275. Chinnor village currently has three public houses : The Crown, The Red Lion and The Wheatsheaf. Former pubs include
2989-405: The time of the 2011 census , a population of 7,399. Outside Wendover, the parish is mainly arable and also contains several hamlets in the surrounding hills. Wendover has a weekly market, and has had a market charter since 1464. The name is likely of Brythonic Celtic origin. The initial part of the name could be related to wyn or gwyn , as in modern Welsh, meaning white. The second part of
3050-592: The town: Wendover Football Club currently shares the school fields of the John Colet School and a clubhouse is open each Saturday afternoon for either a first or a reserve team fixture. Wendover hosts the 'Coombe Hill Run', usually held on the first Sunday in June. It begins and ends in the town and includes two very steep climbs up the hill to the monument along with a very steep decline. Wendover Cricket Club played at Ellesborough Road Ground, however, this site lay in
3111-463: The west, south and east of the town. To the north the land slopes gently downwards towards the flat, agricultural land of the Aylesbury Vale . To the west the town is overlooked by Coombe Hill (260 metres or 850 feet) and to the east by Wendover Woods (267 metres or 876 feet). The gap through the Chilterns that Wendover sits astride has long been an important communications route. It is used by
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#17328522260323172-506: Was a windmill on the Chiltern escarpment at Wainhill, about 1 mile (1.6 km) east of Chinnor village. Chinnor had a watermill , but by 1279 it had been transferred to the neighbouring manor of Henton . In 1336 the Ferrers manor at Chinnor (see above) had a windmill. In 1789 a post mill was built on the west side of the village off White's Field. It was dismantled in 1965 but has since been rebuilt by Chinnor Windmill Restoration Society. It
3233-564: Was built through the parish and opened in 1872. Chinnor railway station was opened to serve the village. The railway was independent until the Great Western Railway took it over in 1883. Sidings to serve Chinnor cement works were added in 1927. British Railways closed the railway through Chinnor to passengers in 1957 and to goods in 1961. The section between Princes Risborough and Chinnor remained open to serve Chinnor cement works until 1989. Since 1994 Chinnor railway station has been
3294-489: Was cast in 1651, but in 1864 it was recast as two smaller bells increasing the ring to six. In 1965 John Taylor & Co of Loughborough cast a new Sanctus bell and in 1969 the same company cast a new treble and second bell to replace the two 1864 bells. St Andrew's parish is now part of the Benefice of Chinnor, Sydenham, Aston Rowant and Crowell . In the 18th century Chinnor had a small number of Anabaptists . In 1732
3355-435: Was granted a market charter in 1214, and had become a borough by 1228, although it does not appear to have achieved any degree of self-government. It is likely that around this time the focus moved north to its current location, allowing the market to cater to traffic on the road running along the Chilterns between Chinnor and Tring , as well as that crossing the Chilterns between London and Aylesbury. The current layout of
3416-542: Was held by Edward the Confessor . The settlement appears to have been centred some 600 metres (2,000 ft) to the south of the present-day focus of the town, near the current location of the parish church of St Mary. By 1086, the manor of Wendovre was in the hundred of Aylesbury , with William the Conqueror as its tenant in chief. The manor remained in royal ownership until 1154, and then passed back and forth between royal and private ownership several times. Wendover
3477-595: Was in the hands of a member of the Norman de Vernon family . However, in 1194 Walter de Vernon refused to help Prince John in France and all his lands were confiscated. In 1203 Chinnor and the neighbouring manor of Sydenham were granted to Saer de Quincy , who in 1207 was created 1st Earl of Winchester . However, in 1215 the Earl took part in the Baronial revolt against King John and his lands were confiscated. In 1216 all of
3538-427: Was installed between the chancel and nave. The chancel and high altar were dedicated in 1326, which may therefore have been the year that the remodelling was completed. The high-pitched 13th century nave roof was replaced, probably later in the 14th century, with a Perpendicular Gothic clerestory and low-pitched roof. The architect Richard Pace designed St Andrew's Rectory, which was built in 1813. St Andrew's
3599-476: Was replaced with a new one of Caen stone . The 14th century rood screen was reduced in height. The chancel, nave and aisles were entirely refurnished. However, in 1930 the original font was retrieved and reinstalled. In the south aisle is a carved recumbent effigy of a knight of about 1270 or 1300. St Andrew's has also one of the largest collections of monumental brasses in the country. Most are 14th or 15th century but there are also later brasses commemorating
3660-521: Was restored in 1863–66. The plans were by the architect Edward Banks of Wolverhampton but were modified by the Oxford Diocesan architect G.E. Street and the Oxford architectural writer and publisher J.H. Parker . The nave roof was restored to a high pitch and the chancel was raised above the nave. Clayton and Bell restored the medieval stained glass and added a new east window. The 14th century font
3721-533: Was won by Laura Kyrke-Smith of the Labour Party . There are two tiers of local government covering Wendover, at parish and unitary authority level: Wendover Parish Council and Buckinghamshire Council . The parish council is based at the Clock Tower on High Street. Facilities in the town centre include a post office , several hairdressers, a community library (run by volunteers), multiple delis and cafés,
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