67-478: [REDACTED] Look up haz in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Haz or HAZ may refer to: People [ edit ] Hamzah Haz (1940-2024), Indonesian journalist and politician, ninth Vice President of Indonesia Mark Hazinski (born 1985), American table tennis player Other uses [ edit ] Haz, Yemen Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung ,
134-605: A German newspaper Hazaragi dialect of Persian spoken in Afghanistan Hazardous material Hazel Grove railway station , in England Hazlehurst station , in Mississippi, United States Heat-affected zone in welding Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title HAZ . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
201-546: A National Council made up of functional groups to advise the cabinet. This council was established in May 1957. On 5 July 1959, Sukarno issued a decree , which as well as reviving the provisional 1945 Constitution , dissolved parliament. The new DPR took office on 22 July 1959. It accepted the president's decree by acclamation and said it was ready to work as stipulated by the 1945 Constitution. However, in March 1960 it unexpectedly rejected
268-578: A Speaker and four Deputy Speakers. The most recent Speaker's election was conducted under provisions of Law No. 13/2019 (Amendment) of the Law No. 17/2014 on the MPR, DPR, DPRD, and DPRD ; popularly known as UU MD3. The Speaker's seat is reserved to the political party with largest number of representation in the chamber, and the four Deputy Speakership are reserved to the second, third, fourth, and fifth largest political parties respectively. Each Deputy Speakers oversee
335-444: A new constitution, leaving open the possibility that this would be an entirely new document free of the influence of the situation prevailing during World War II . The PPKI also named Sukarno as president and Hatta vice-president. The Central Indonesian National Committee ( Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat ) or KNIP was a body appointed to assist the president of the newly independent Indonesia , Sukarno , on 29 August 1945. It
402-671: A new legislature comprising the 150 members of the RIS House of Representatives, 46 members of the KNIP Working Committee, 13 from the Republic of Indonesia Supreme Advisory Council and 32 RIS senators, making 241 members. On 17 August 1950, the RIS was formally dissolved and the unitary Republic of Indonesia came into being. The Provisional House of Representatives met for the first time on 16 August 1950. By then there had been minor changes to
469-400: A particularly ill-judged speech before Muslim clerics at Abu Bakar's Solo boarding school in May [2002]", the newsmagazine reported. During that visit Hamzah was also reported to have said, "If they can prove there are terrorists here I'll be the first to order an arrest", and then stepped down from the podium and kissed Abu Bakar on both cheeks. In 2002, an Australian academic cited Hamzah as
536-728: A political analyst at the Indonesian Institute of Sciences , told the Detik news service that Hamzah seemed to be chasing votes. "He should not have spoken like that as he is the vice president", Sihbudi said. Al Jazeera reported the day after Hamzah's statement that "There has yet to be a US reaction to the well-known firebrand's comments." The Office of the Vice President officially states that Hamzah had two wives, Asmaniah (b. 27 July 1943), and Titin Kartini (b. 4 May 1945), with whom he had
603-642: A public show of inviting Ba'asyir to dinner, and visited his jihadist pesantren (religious school) in Pondok Ngruki . Hamzah denied that Ba'asyir was connected to terrorism up until Ba'asyir's arrest in October 2002, and was quoted as saying before Ba'asyir's arrest "If you want to arrest Abu Bakar Ba'asyir .. you will have to deal with me first." In October 2002, an article in Time stated "That clerics like Abu Nakar [Ba'asyir] have powerful military and political allies
670-418: A reprehensible comment, if you knew that people were here." Hamzah responded: "It's not true that I protect them and I don't regret what I said, but I said it in the past – it relates to the past. But now if there is a connection we want to know whether it is true that Indonesia has a terrorist network." On 3 September 2003 Hamzah stated, "Actually, who is the terrorist, who is against human rights? The answer
737-511: A total of 12 children. However, another source states Haz had a third wife, Soraya, whom he did not officially acknowledge, and with whom he had a further three children. Despite lack of public acknowledgment long time ago, Soraya caught in camera accompanied Hamzah in an event at Bandar Lampung in 2022, confirming her status as the third wife. Both of his first and second wife predeceased him. Asmaniah passed away 12 September 2017 and Titin passed away 19 May 2021. Hamzah Haz's son Nur Agus Haz,
SECTION 10
#1732851929261804-489: Is a member of parliament for the United Development Party He was a long-time cadre and senior figure of Nahdlatul Ulama , had served in various posts in the organization since he was a university student. He was disciple of Idham Chalid , a charismatic South Kalimantan Ulama and politician, and received political, religious, and spiritual training and guidance from him. Sometimes known as Dr. Hamzah, he
871-419: Is no secret: the nation's vice president Hamzah Haz is one of them." Time reported that Hamzah described his relationship with Bashir and Laskar Jihad leader Jafar Umar Thalib as "very close", but Time added, "many see this relationship as a purely political ploy to woo Muslim voters ahead of the 2004 election." Hamzah, although he "has a reputation as a wily politician" nevertheless "will be remembered for
938-509: Is not a formal term and they considered themselves a 'critical partner of the government'. During the 2019 Election , the incumbent president Joko Widodo ('Jokowi') led a majority coalition of ten parties which already supported him during the previous 2014 Election . Opposing him is Prabowo Subianto , who led a minority coalition of five parties. Eventually after the election, the Jokowi Administration invited Gerindra and PAN into
1005-591: Is the United States because they attacked Iraq. Moreover, it is the terrorist king, waging war." According to The Sydney Morning Herald , Hamzah's statement was "a scathing attack that echoed the language of many of the Bali bombers". Hamzah had also been criticised for publicly associating with several of Indonesia's more hardline Islamic leaders, including Ba'asyir, although after the Bali terrorist attack Hamzah severed those ties. Soon after Hamzah's remarks, Riza Sihbudi,
1072-476: The Asia Times wrote, "Hamzah ... is widely seen as blatantly vying for support from among Indonesian Muslims, including the militant groups, to strengthen his run for the presidency in the country's next general elections in 2004." Hamzah was also reported to be a friend of Abu Bakar Ba'asyir , who is the spiritual leader for the terrorist organization Jemaah Islamiyah . While vice president, Hamzah made
1139-743: The German invasion of the Netherlands , and the fleeing of the Dutch government to exile in London , there was a motion calling for an inquiry into turning it into a quasi-legislature, but this was withdrawn after a negative response from the government. In July 1941, the Volksraad passed a motion calling for the creation of a militia made up of up to 6,000 Indonesians. In February 1942, the Japanese invasion began, and in May 1942
1206-531: The Indonesian Democratic Party . For the remainder of the New Order, Golkar won absolute majorities at every elections, while the parliament did not produce a single law on its own initiative, its role being reduced to passing laws proposed by the government. In May 1998, President Suharto stepped down , leading to Indonesia's first free elections since 1955 taking place the following year. Of
1273-524: The Indonesian Parliament . In the 2004 presidential election , Hamzah was one of the presidential candidates, running with Agum Gumelar . The pair finished last among the five candidates, garnering only 3 percent of the total vote. A number of journalists and commentators reported that Hamzah was believed to have offered support for militant Muslim groups as a way of gaining political support from them. In 2002, Bill Guerin, in an opinion piece in
1340-673: The Volksraadgebouw (Building of the Volksraad) since 1918 until 1942 during Japanese occupation when it was dissolved. Today the building is known as Gedung Pancasila , located within the Foreign Ministry complex, and is still used for hosting important state events. In August 1945, the KNIP was established to assist the President in the early days of Indonesian independence. Soon after, KNIP
1407-655: The War of Independence , the entire KNIP was unable to meet regularly. Therefore, the KNIP acted as the upper house, the People's Consultative Assembly in the constitution, meeting only infrequently to discuss fundamental and pressing national issues, while the Working Committee acted as the day-to-day parliament fulfilling the duties of the House of Representatives during wartime. In January 1948,
SECTION 20
#17328519292611474-596: The longest-serving members of the Parliament of Indonesia . Hamzah served as Minister for Investment under President B. J. Habibie , who replaced Suharto , then resigned that post to lead the PPP in the 1999 elections , at which he was again reelected. He ran against Megawati Sukarnoputri for the vice presidency (at that time elected by the People's Consultative Assembly ), winning 284 votes to Megawati's 396,. On 30 November he joined
1541-572: The upper house ; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD. Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections . Its members are called Members of Parliament ( anggota dewan ). In 1915, members of
1608-623: The "best example" of Islamic politicians in Indonesia "prepared to play the extremist card to attract extra votes". Hamzah "has supported Jemaah Islamiyah and has even been instrumental in having its members released from detention in the past", according to Tim Lindsey, director of the Asian Law Centre at the University of Melbourne . "He has also openly accused the CIA and the United States of carrying out
1675-401: The 500 seats, 462 were elected, while 38 seats were reserved for the military/police. In the 2004 elections , all 550 seats were elected. In the 2009 elections the number of seats was increased to 560, and for the 2019 elections this rose to 575. There are now no appointed military officers in the legislature. As is common in countries with presidential system, the President does not hold
1742-603: The Bali bombing." In 2002 Hamzah gave an interview to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), which broadcast it on 23 October. In a voice-over played during the television interview, an ABC journalist said, "Before the Bali bombing , Vice President Hamzah Haz insisted there were no terrorists in Indonesia. After the bombing, he gave this extraordinary justification for that position:" The ABC interviewer then told Hamzah: "In light of Bali, that would seem
1809-561: The DPR consists of: The 1945 Constitution guarantees several rights of the DPR. Especially in regard to the oversight function, they include the right to question the government regarding any government policy considered important, strategic, and impactful ( Hak Interpelasi ); the right to investigate allegations of breach of the Laws by government policy ( Hak Angket ); and the right to express opinions ( Hak Menyatakan Pendapat ) on any government policy, on extraordinary domestic or foreign events, on
1876-675: The Dutch authorities established the Provisional Federal Council for Indonesia ( Voorlopige Federale Raad voor Indonesia ) comprising Lieutenant Governor Hubertus van Mook and eight Indonesians chosen by him to represent the views of Indonesia. Two months later, the council made up of heads of departments that the Dutch had set up to replace the pre-war Volksraad officially became the Provisional Federal Government ( Voorlopige Federale Regering ). This body invited heads of
1943-535: The Dutch formally dissolved the Volksraad . It was replaced by a council made up of heads of departments. The Japanese invaded Dutch East Indies in 1942. By 1943, the tide had turned against them, and to encourage support for the war effort, the Japanese appointed Indonesian advisors ( sanyo ) to the administration and appointed Sukarno leader of a new Central Advisory Board ( Chuo Sangi-kai ) in Jakarta . In March 1945,
2010-575: The Indonesian Socialist Party did not agree with Sukarno, they were given no seats, meaning there was no longer a parliamentary opposition. A number of representatives from various functional groups including the National Armed Forces were also appointed to the House. As of mid-1962, there were 281 MPs; 130 from 10 political parties, 150 sectoral representatives and 1 representative from West Irian . The responsibilities and duties of
2077-618: The Indonesian nationalist organisation Budi Utomo and others toured the Netherlands to argue for the establishment of a legislature for the Dutch East Indies , and in December 1916 a bill was passed to establish a Volksraad (People's Council). It met for the first time in 1918. Ten of its nineteen members elected by local councils were Indonesians, as were five of the nineteen appointed members. However, it had only advisory powers, although
HAZ - Misplaced Pages Continue
2144-577: The Jakarta electoral district, first as a member of the Muslim Nahdlatul Ulama Party. After the political fusion which joined all Islamist parties into one party and the withdrawal of Nahdlatul Ulama from politics, in 1973 he became a member of the newly formed Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) . He was chairman of the PPP faction from 1989 to 1998. Hamzah served as member of People's Representative Council over 26 years and made him one of
2211-471: The Japanese established the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence ( Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan ) or BPUPK, chaired by Radjiman Wediodiningrat , with Sukarno, Hatta and Thamrin among its members. This body drew up a constitution for an independent Indonesia over several weeks of meetings. At a session of the committee on 1 June 1945, Sukarno laid down
2278-552: The KNIP following its inauguration was held on 29 August in Schouwburg Weltevreden , today known as Gedung Kesenian Jakarta (Jakarta Art Building). Due to lack of available working space, the secretariat was run from the defunct Jawa Hokokai headquarters close to Lapangan Banteng . Meanwhile, second meeting of the KNIP was held on 16 and 17 October in old Binnenhof Hotel in Kramat Raya street, Jakarta. The secretariat
2345-591: The PNI had 36 seats and no other party had more than 17. In 1952, the DPR demanded a reorganisation of the Ministry of Defense and the dismissal of the Army leadership in response to military opposition to troop reductions. This led to the '17 October 1952' incident with large-scale demonstrations at the presidential palace by soldiers and civilians demanding the DPR be dissolved. The crowd dispersed after Sukarno addressed it. Despite
2412-504: The Republic of Indonesia ( Indonesian : Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia , lit. ' People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia ', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR ) is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia . It is considered the lower house , while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as
2479-507: The Republic of Indonesia joining the RIS, and the planned 50 would transfer to the new RIS House of Representatives. This House of Representatives had its opening session on 15 February 1950 at the former Sociëteit Concordia Building on Jalan Wahidin, Jakarta. Most of the sessions were held in this building, but it also met at other buildings, including the Hotel Des Indies . The DPR-RIS passed seven laws in its six months of existence, but
2546-602: The Working Committee and the secretariat again moved to Yogyakarta, temporarily occupying an Indonesian Red Cross building, before later moved to Loge Theosofie Building (part of Gedung Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Yogyakarta ) in Malioboro, occupying it until 1950. Few years later, the sixth meeting of the KNIP was held on 6th until 15 December 1949 in Sitihinggil Keraton (part of the Yogyakarta Kraton ). Following
2613-572: The agreed composition as three RIS senators had refused to take their seats and 21 representatives from the State of Pasundan were replaced by 19 members appointed by the Republic. Of the 236 members, only 204 took their oaths of office on 20 August, and only 170 voted in the election of the speaker, which was narrowly won by Sartono of the Indonesian National Party (PNI). Masyumi was the largest parliamentary party with 49 seats. Its main rival,
2680-650: The agreement reached during the 1949 Round Table Conference , a federal constitution was drafted for Indonesia, and thus KNIP was dissolved and replaced by the DPR-RIS. The Parliament was now able to settle down, although the venues might move. Established along with it was the Federal Senate, which served as an upper house, separate from the DPR-RIS. This parliament was inaugurated on 16 February 1950 in Societeit Concordia Building in Jakarta, now located within
2747-415: The cabinet of President Abdurrahman Wahid , then became the first to quit Wahid's first cabinet, resigning as Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare and Poverty Alleviation after just two months. He became a vocal critic of Wahid, but he was also known for his ability to compromise. By the time of Wahid's impeachment in the summer of 2001, Hamzah was leader of the PPP, then the third-largest party in
HAZ - Misplaced Pages Continue
2814-475: The constitution drawn up by the BPUPK as the provisional Constitution of Indonesia and decided that during a six-month transition period, the new republic would be governed according to the constitution by a president, assisted by a National Committee, who would establish the two chamber legislature mandated by the constitution. The upper chamber, the People's Consultative Assembly would then have six months to draw up
2881-645: The election bill being introduced in 1951, it was not passed until 1953 and elections were finally held in 1955. The results surprised everybody. The Indonesian Socialist Party (PSI) did worse than expected, as did Masyumi, while the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) did better than predicted. Following the election, the PNI and Masyumi had 57 seats each, the Nahdlatul Ulama had 45 and the PKI 39. There were now 28 parties in parliament, compared with 20 before
2948-416: The election. Only 63 of the 257 pre-election members of parliament still maintain their seats, but there were 15 women members compared with eight before. The new parliament met on 26 March 1956, forming the first elected House of Representatives (1956–1959) . Over the next few years, public dissatisfaction with the political parties grew. In 1957, Sukarno announced his concept of a national unity cabinet and
3015-483: The establishment of a Mutual Assistance House of Representatives ( Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Gotong Royong , DPR-GR). The membership was no longer based on the results of the 1955 election, but was determined by the president, who could appoint and dismiss members at will, as well as its speaker. Political opponents were sidelined, and some who opposed the establishment of the DPR-GR refused to take their seats. As Masyumi and
3082-454: The follow up of the exercise of the rights to question and to investigate government policy, as well as on the initial impeachment process of the President and/or the Vice President. The MPs themselves are vested with rights in order to execute their duties. They include: The House of Representatives has 580 members resulting from the 2024 legislative election . The representatives come from 8 political parties. The DPR leadership consist of
3149-436: The governing coalition, appointing Subianto as Defence Minister. Under the current Prabowo Administration, there is no opposition parties in the DPR. The opposition coalition effectively went into dormancy. The DPR has been the subject of frequent public criticism due to perceived high levels of fraud and corruption . Throughout its history, the legislature has convened in multiple buildings. The Volksraad convened in
3216-482: The government's budget. Sukarno then dissolved it as it was seen as no longer fulfilling the president's hopes that it would work with him in the spirit of the 1945 Constitution, Guided Democracy and the Political manifesto ( Manipol , referring to Sukarno's 1959 Independence Day speech). The DPR session adjourned on 24 June sine die . Sukarno then used this difference of opinion with the legislature as justification for
3283-417: The governor-general had to consult it on financial matters. The body grew in size to 60 members, half of who were elected by a total of 2,228 people. In 1925, the Volksraad gained some legislative powers. It had to agree to the budget and internal legislation, and could sponsor laws of its own. However, it had no power to remove the governor general and remained nothing more than a gesture. In 1940, after
3350-403: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HAZ&oldid=1236373554 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Hamzah Haz Hamzah Haz (15 February 1940 – 24 July 2024)
3417-554: The military increased to 75 - including police officers. Elections were finally held in 1971, having been delayed to allow preparations to ensure a victory for the government's Golkar organisation. Following the election, the words Gotong Royong were removed and the body became the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat again. In 1973 the remaining political parties were reduced to two, the United Development Party and
SECTION 50
#17328519292613484-495: The operation of the following Council organs: Most, but not all, of the business of the House are conducted through the commissions, akin to the standing committee of the United States Congress . Currently, there are eleven commissions. The Opposition is a term used to describe political parties which are represented in the DPR, but not in the cabinet, and thus organized themselves as an opposition faction. However it
3551-495: The parliament were dramatically curtailed as it was reduced to helping the government implement its policies. In 1960 it produced only 9 laws, compared with 87 in 1958 and 29 in 1959. It became little more than a rubber stamp for Sukarno's policies. For example, it passed a law allowing volunteers to be sent to participate in the Confrontation with Malaysia . Following the coup attempt of the 30 September Movement in 1965, which
3618-419: The power to suspend or dissolve the DPR. On the other hand, the legislature does not have full control over the President or the government in whole. Under Article 20A of the amended 1945 Constitution , the DPR has three main functions: legislative , budgeting and oversight . The legislative function of the DPR consists of: The budgeting function of the DPR consists of: The oversight function of
3685-574: The principles of Pancasila by which an Indonesia would be governed. On 7 August, the day after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima , the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence ( Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia ) or PPKI was established. Sukarno was chairman, and Hatta vice-chairman. The two proclaimed the Independence of Indonesia on 17 August. On 18 August, the PPKI accepted
3752-502: The state adopted a bicameral system, with a 150-member House of Representatives (DPR-RIS) and a Senate with two representatives from each of the 16 component areas of the RIS. Initially the House of Representatives had 50 MPs appointed from the Republic of Indonesia and 100 MPs coming from the other 15 component states of the RIS. The plan was for elections within a year. The KNIP and its Working Committee had its final sessions held before adjorning sine die on 15 December 1949 to agree to
3819-641: The states making up the United States of Indonesia to send delegates to the Federal Conference in Bandung in May 1948. That month, leaders of states and other areas joined to establish the Federal Consultative Assembly ( Bijeenkomst voor Federaal Overleg or BFO) to represent the federal regions. Following the transfer of sovereignty to the United States of Indonesia (RIS), in December 1949,
3886-408: Was a newspaper journalist in his home town of Pontianak , on the island of Borneo , and later taught economics at Tanjungpura University . He was a lecturer at Tanjungpura University from 1968 to 1971. His political career began in 1968 as a member of the West Kalimantan Provincial Representative Council. He later moved to Jakarta , became a member of the Parliament in 1971, representing
3953-441: Was also moved, this time to a building in Cilacap street, now occupied by a Marriott hotel. Third meeting of the KNIP was held in a building in Prince Diponegoro street, now known as PSKD 1 Senior High School, situated right across the Centraal Burgerlijke Ziekenhuis (which now constitutes part of the Cipto Mangunkusumo Central Hospital ). Fourth meeting of the KNIP was held not in Jakarta, but in Surakarta in Central Java. It
4020-414: Was granted legislative powers and would function as a legislature until a democratically elected national legislature can be formed. Meanwhile, the presidential system was replaced by parliamentary system, and Sutan Syahrir was appointed as the first prime minister of Indonesia. Due to the unstable situation during those days, the KNIP was unable to convene in single, permanent place. The first meeting of
4087-400: Was held in Gedung Republik Indonesia, from 28 February until 3 March. The Working Committee (the permanent standing committee of the KNIP) and the secretariat later moved to Hotel van Laar in Purworejo , provided by the regent of Purworejo. Fifth meeting of the KNIP was held on 25 February until 3 March 1946 in Societeit Concordia Building in Malang , East Java. Following the fifth meeting,
SECTION 60
#17328519292614154-407: Was officially blamed on the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), the DPR-GR was purged of PKI members – 57 communist members were removed from their seats. On 14 November parliament resumed without the PKI MPs, including deputy speaker M.H. Lukman . In 1969, the government passed an election law that set the membership of the DPR at 360 elected and 100 appointed MPs. The number of representatives from
4221-421: Was originally planned to have a purely advisory function, but on 18 October, Vice-president Hatta issued Edict No.X transferring the powers the Constitution conferred on the People's Consultative Assembly and House of Representatives from the president to the KNIP. The day-to-day tasks of the KNIP would be carried out by a Working Committee whose first leaders were Sutan Sjahrir and Amir Sjarifuddin . During
4288-677: Was physically healthy and was still talking to him the night before his death. In the morning, his health suddenly worsened and he collapsed while about to perform the Duha prayer, after his hand slipped from the wardrobe edge he was using as a makeshift railing. He was buried in a private family burial plot near the mosque he built at Cisarua, Bogor. People%27s Representative Council Confidence and supply (232) [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] 6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E / 6.21028°S 106.80000°E / -6.21028; 106.80000 The House of Representatives of
4355-449: Was reported to have obtained a PhD from American World University , an internet diploma mill , for US$ 1,200. Despite that, he held that degree until his death. Somehow, no body challenged her degree until his death, particularly due to his personal capability. Hamzah died at the Tegalan Clinic, Matraman in East Jakarta , on 24 July 2024, at the age of 84. One of his sons, Agus Haz, revealed that one day before his death, his father
4422-420: Was soon overtaken by events as the federal system collapsed as the individual states dissolved themselves into the unitary Republic of Indonesia. The House adjourned for the last time on 16 August the same year. Given that the Republic of Indonesia did not want the RIS parliament to become the legislature of the unitary republic, in May 1950, Hatta and representatives from the federal states agreed to establish
4489-410: Was the ninth vice president of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004 under President Megawati Sukarnoputri . Prior to serving as vice president, Hamzah served as a cabinet minister and a member of the People's Representative Council (DPR). He also chaired the United Development Party (PPP) from 1998 to 2007, and was the party's presidential candidate in the 2004 Indonesian presidential election . Hamzah
#260739