In a motor vehicle , the powertrain comprises the main components that generate power and deliver that power to the road surface, water, or air. This includes the engine , transmission , drive shafts , differentials , and the final drive ( drive wheels , continuous track as in military tanks or caterpillar tractors, propeller , etc.). Hybrid powertrains also include one or more electric traction motors that operate to drive the vehicle wheels. All-electric vehicles ("electric cars") eliminate the engine altogether, relying solely on electric motors for propulsion. Occasionally the term powerplant is casually used to refer to the engine or, less often, the entire powertrain.
11-406: H2B could refer to: A Honda powertrain modification consisting of a H series engine coupled to a B series drivetrain. H-2B visa , a US program for temporary/seasonal, non-agricultural employment by foreign nationals. Heavens to Betsy , a punk rock band from Olympia, Washington, USA. Histone H2B , one of 5 main histone proteins involved in
22-595: Is achieved through metrology technology applied to all of the steps in powertrain manufacturing processes. In automotive manufacturing, the frame plus the "running gear" makes the chassis . Later, a body (sometimes referred to as " coachwork "), which is usually not necessary for integrity of the structure, is built on the chassis to complete the vehicle . Commercial vehicle manufacturers may have "chassis only" and "cowl and chassis" versions that can be outfitted with specialized bodies. These include buses , motor homes , fire engines , ambulances , etc. The frame plus
33-733: Is important to industry, including the automotive and other vehicle sectors. Competitiveness drives companies to engineer and produce powertrain systems that over time are more economical to manufacture, higher in product quality and reliability, higher in performance, more fuel efficient, less polluting, and longer in life expectancy. In turn these requirements have led to designs involving higher internal pressures, greater instantaneous forces, and increased complexity of design and mechanical operation. The resulting designs in turn impose significantly more severe requirements on parts shape and dimension; and material surface flatness , waviness , roughness , and porosity . Quality control over these parameters
44-634: The British Rail Class 03 and British Rail Class 04 diesel shunting locomotives. This section uses infographics to show a unified model with variations, the green wheels denote no traction, and the angled wheels denote steering. 6X4 means 6 wheel ends and 4 positions distribute power (power divider installed) 6X2 means 6 wheel ends and 2 positions distribute power (single axle drive) 4X0 means 4 wheel ends no power (Trailer axle) 4x2 means 4 Wheel ends, 2 Positions to distribute power The 6 wheel ends can either be wide base singles or duals. Its about
55-642: The gasoline direct injection variant, as well as improving volumetric efficiency by using multi-valves per cylinder, variable valve timing , variable length intake manifolds , and turbocharging . Changes also include new fuel qualities (no sulphur or aromates ) to allow new combustion concepts. So-called "combined combustion systems" (CCV) or "diesotto" cycles are based on synthetic fuels (synthetic diesel, biomass to liquid (BTL) or gas to liquid (GTL)). BEVs , FCEVs and PHEV powertrains are expected to reach cost parity with ICE powertrains in 2025. The manufacturing of powertrain components and systems
66-492: The body makes a glider (a vehicle without a powertrain). The final drive is the last in the set of components which delivers torque to the drive wheels . In a road vehicle, it incorporates the differential . In a railway vehicle, it sometimes incorporates the reversing gear. Examples include the Self-Changing Gears RF 28 (used in many first-generation diesel multiple units of British Railways ) and RF 11 used in
77-432: The combustion engine and the electric motor have to be brought together and distributed to the wheels. The control of this process can be quite involved but the rewards are greatly improved acceleration and much lower emissions. Powertrain development for diesel engines involves the following: exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and advanced combustion. Spark ignition engine development include: fuel injection , including
88-409: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H2B&oldid=1182248869 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Powertrain A motor vehicle's driveline or drivetrain consists of
99-466: The parts of the powertrain excluding the engine. It is the portion of a vehicle, after the prime mover , that changes depending on whether a vehicle is front-wheel , rear-wheel , or four-wheel drive , or less-common six-wheel or eight-wheel drive . In a wider sense, the powertrain includes all of the components used to transform stored (chemical, solar, nuclear, kinetic, potential, etc.) energy into kinetic energy for propulsion purposes. This includes
110-465: The structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. H-IIB , a family of Japanese rockets. Help to Buy , financial assistance for purchasing a home in the UK. [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to
121-406: The utilization of multiple power-sources and non–wheel-based vehicles. The most recent developments in powertrain are driven by the electrification of it in multiple components. Electrical energy needs to be provided, usually this leads to larger batteries. Electric motors can be found as isolated component or as part of other elements, e.g. the axle . In hybrid powertrains the torque generated by
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