39-641: The Gäubodenvolksfest in Straubing is one of the largest Volksfests ( beer festival and travelling funfair ) in the German state of Bavaria . It is an annual event, spanning eleven days mid-August. The Gäubodenvolksfest was founded in the year 1812 by Maximilian I Joseph , King of Bavaria, as an agricultural festival to foster an annual gathering of the people in the Danube region. The festival went on hiatus in 1915–1918, 1940–1945, and 2020–2021. The Gäubodenvolksfest
78-746: A Wittelsbach possession until 1918. Since that time also, the lion has become a heraldic symbol in the coat of arms for Bavaria and the Palatinate. On 23 July 1215, Louis was at Aachen , to oversee the re-crowning of Frederick II as King of the Romans. While there, both Louis and Frederick took crusader vows. He founded the city of Straubing in 1218. The Emperor had given Louis 2000 marks of silver for his Crusade. In May 1221, Louis sailed on with his Bavarian army with Ulrich II, Bishop of Passau , Herman V, Margrave of Baden-Baden , John of Brienne and many other nobles. As soon as their fleet had arrived at Damietta,
117-488: A council was held with Pelagio Galvani , the papal legate, in the city. Louis had urged they assemble their armies and strike at the sultan's camp, before the river should take up its usual increase. A plan was formed and tents were set up just up the river on 29 June. On 6 July, the Legate had ordered a three-day fast and carrying the banner of Christ barefoot, planted it where the river rises. That next day, King John had come with
156-410: A curtain and gave them three pictures to hold up. This done, she begged of him to see her no more unless he promised to marry her before witnesses. The Duke hesitated and she pointed to the three pictures saying,"Those said persons should be witnesses to your promises." Louis, thinking those persons could never rise in judgement against him, made her all the protestations she could desire, so she drew back
195-624: A dramatic impact on the whole region. Even today many traces of the 400-year Roman occupation can be found: for example, the famous 'Römerschatz' (Roman treasure) which was excavated in 1950 and which is shown in the Gäubodenmuseum. Sorviodurum , as the Romans called it, was an important military support base. After the fall of the Roman Empire Straubing became a centre of settlement of the Bavarii , mostly around St. Peter's Church (built in
234-816: A greater part of the medieval city hall. Straubing has many industrial areas and a port at the river Danube with access to the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal , a connection from the North Sea to the Black Sea . It is the centre of the Bavarian high tech offensive in biotechnology . As one of five ducal residences of medieval Bavaria (besides Landshut , Munich, Ingolstadt and Burghausen ) the old town of Straubing especially features many Gothic buildings. The Technical University of Munich has one of its campuses in Straubing. It
273-533: A life-size personification of "state and church" joined in holy matrimony. Between 1933 and 1945 most of the members of the then small Jewish community of Straubing were murdered or forced to emigrate. In 2006, Straubing had a lively Jewish community with around 950 members. During a rally in June 1940, when Straubing and Bogen held its Kriegskreistag, some 20,000 people gathered at the Großdeutschlandplatz . Among
312-475: A new emperor, choosing Otto of Brunswick , mainly under the encouragement of Pope Celestine III , while the southern and eastern German princes remained loyal to the Hohenstaufen. While it was true that Emperor Henry was still alive when his young son Frederick II was elected king at two years of age, he had no way of knowing that his son would become challenged by such a force. The only force that could counter
351-402: A numerous army to bring further assistance to their cause. Then on 17 July they gathered at the village of Fariskur , where they were met by the enemy. In the battle of Fariskur , they repelled the enemy so well, no losses came to the crusader side. The legate had been generous in wages to the knights and their attendants, armed ships sparing neither body nor wealth to finish the task, along with
390-466: Is a modern and family-friendly festival with several attractions, including carousels and roller coasters . There are also several large beer tents that span a 100,000 m area. The event has maintained the historic character of Bavarian festivals, and attracts approximately 1.4 million visitors every year. Many visitors wear traditional Bavarian clothing ( Tracht ) for the occasion. The festival combines Bavarian tradition with progress and vitality. It
429-762: Is an independent city in Lower Bavaria , southern Germany. It is seat of the district of Straubing-Bogen . Annually in August the Gäubodenvolksfest , the second largest fair in Bavaria, is held. The city is located on the Danube forming the centre of the Gäuboden . The area of Straubing has been continuously settled since the Neolithic . The conquest by the Romans in 16–14 BC had
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#1732852542770468-475: Is not; they were at least guilty of connivance, with Louis suspecting Henry II of Istria the most. All Andechs were banned from their lands, minus Otto I of Merania and Beatrice his bride who were both regarded as blameless. Thus, an old ally of Bavaria became an enemy overnight. Louis left Bamberg immediately, roused his army, and seized the March of Istria . After King Philip's murder, Louis did not immediately support
507-562: Is one of Bavaria's oldest and most popular festivals and it has increased to one of the biggest events in Germany . Beer plays a central role in the fair. The beer is specially brewed, and only breweries from Straubing or the district Straubing-Bogen are allowed to serve beer there. On the first day of the festival there is a "Bierprobe", which means " beer tasting ," followed by a parade consisting of people wearing Bavarian native attire walking on foot, riding horses, or in horse carriages. On
546-477: Is specialised on renewables . A Fraunhofer Institute for boundary and biodiversity engineering is also located in Straubing. Straubing has four gymnasiums (grammar schools): Straubing is twinned with: Louis I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria Louis I ( German : Ludwig ; 23 December 1173 – 15 September 1231), called the Kelheimer or of Kelheim , since he was born and died at Kelheim ,
585-596: Is the centre of Straubing with many shops, offices, restaurants and a pedestrian area. Most buildings there still have medieval style. The nightlife of Straubing, with many pubs and discothèques, is concentrated in this area. The most important buildings are the Gothic cathedral-like Basilica of St. Jacob, the Romanesque St. Peter's Church, the Carmelite monastery with its Baroque church and library, St. Vitus's, where you can find
624-628: The Welf King Otto IV , but rather ran a new king's election in Bavaria under his influence in which he would decide whom he would support. Ultimately, like many others, to secure his accomplishments - and those of his family - he made deals with King Otto IV which granted him the imperial fiefs of the Andechs, assured succession of the Palatinate of the Rhine towards him, and confirmed the everlasting reign of
663-604: The Wittelsbach family in Bavaria . Nonetheless, in 1211, Louis joined the Hohenstaufen party again; King Frederick II rewarded him with the Palatinate of the Rhine in 1214: Louis's son Otto II was married to Agnes of the Palatinate , a granddaughter of Duke Henry the Lion and Conrad of Hohenstaufen . With this marriage, the Wittelsbach inherited the Palatinate and ultimately kept it as
702-497: The 9th century) between Allachbach and Danube. According to the customs of the Bavarii the settlement was named after their leader Strupinga , which later evolved into the name Straubing. In 1218 a new part of the city (called 'new town') was founded by Duke Ludwig I Wittelsbach of Bavaria . Straubing became the capital of the Duchy of Bavaria-Straubing under Duke Wilhelm I when Bavaria
741-513: The Emperor on securing Emperor Henry's inheritance of southern Italy. Until the death of the emperor, Louis remained a loyal supporter of Henry VI and accompanied the Hohenstaufen in 1194 also to Italy on his second expedition for the conquest of the kingdom of Sicily, which was entitled Henry's wife Constance as sole heir. In the struggle for the throne after the death of Henry VI, he remained one of
780-609: The Empire to include Regensburg and Sulzbach at Louis's expense. When the Emperor died on Crusade , and his son, Henry VI had ascended the throne on 15 April 1191 in Rome, he had immediately found a princely opposition in Ottokar I of Bohemia and his brother-in-law Count Albert III of Bogen who demanded a revision of the Staufen imperial land policy. Using that justification, Albert had designs to seize
819-656: The Muslims retreated yet again. But in doing so, they burned many of their villages in the process, to prevent the Crusaders from gaining those footholds and their resources. This failed, as the Crusaders still managed to find food in many of the deserted villages. This granted the Crusaders a peaceful pass through Saramsah , which the Sultan had destroyed. He was given as a hostage in Egypt to Al-Kamil but later released. In 1225 Louis took over
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#1732852542770858-590: The Sulzbach domains from Emperor Henry's royal territory. Louis immediately attempted to mediate and called for a Hoftag in Laufen , which caught the attention of many great men within the Empire, to settle the dispute. Yet he could not stop the Count of Bogen and the Sulzbach land was taken. When Duke Louis turned against that, it came to war. Louis's forces were pushed back by the combined might of Count Albert and Duke Ottokar. Even
897-528: The affair and seized Sulzbach and Albert declared a standstill of arms; Albert was to be banished and Ottokar of Bohemia deprived of his duchy. In exchange for this service, Louis was to remain, for the next decade and a half, on the side of the Staufen. Louis would demonstrate his partisanship at the Hoftag at Würzburg , Mainz and his attendance of the Imperial retinue to Apulia and Sicily , where he would stand with
936-459: The city of Landau an der Isar in 1224. Louis was murdered in 1231 on a bridge in Kelheim. The crime was never cleared up since the murderer - reportedly an Assassin - was immediately lynched, though many suspected Emperor Frederick II to be behind the deed. Afterwards the city of Kelheim lost the favour of the Wittelsbach family and its status as a ducal residence. Louis's son and successor, Otto
975-487: The curtains and revealed the three living witnesses. He was so taken with the contrivance that he solemnly married her afterwards. The margraves of Cham died without heirs in 1204 which resulted in major areas given to Louis by King Philip; however, the March of the Nordgau was left as an imperial fief. With this new wealth of land, Louis founded Landshut and began the building of Trausnitz Castle there that same year. By
1014-710: The guardianship for the young king Henry . Subsequently, however, Louis's relationship with both his ward and the emperor deteriorated. With the latter, there were differences in matters of church policy, during the conflict with Henry in 1229 he even fought with military means, but the Bavarian duke was defeated. He intrigued with the Pope against the Staufer during the War of the Keys in Italy. Under pressure, he moved back to Kelheim Castle in 1230. He founded
1053-566: The help of Duke Louis, King John, the bishops, archbishops and the grand masters of the orders. On 19 July the Saracens had sent a large cavalry force against the Crusaders. The Muslims had surrounded the Christians and shot arrows at them, avoiding close combat. The Crusaders responded in kind and the Muslims withdrew. But the next day, on 20 July, the enemy had attacked fiercer than ever, only to injure and kill very few Crusaders in number. By 21 July,
1092-551: The main supporters of the Hohenstaufen Philip of Swabia . His continued support, however, had a price. When the Landgrave of Stefling died without an heir in 1196, instead of including the region over to his royal domain, Henry enfeoffed it to Louis instead. Suddenly, Eberhard, Archbishop of Salzburg and Conrad, Bishop of Regensburg , falling at variance, declared war on Duke Louis and spared no sacred nor profane structures. It
1131-511: The month of June 1208, the many lords of the Empire were gathering with King Philip at Bamberg , the seat of the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg , to celebrate the wedding of his niece, Beatrice II, Countess of Burgundy , with Otto I, Duke of Merania . The ceremony was headed by Ekbert, Bishop of Bamberg of the House of Andechs (brother of the groom Otto) and Henry II, Margrave of Istria who also
1170-429: The north and west German's choice was Henry's brother Philip who had initially considered being regent, but was refused that right as the south and east Germans needed an acting king; and Frederick II was too young. Because of all that, it resulted in a double-election in 1198. That same year, Louis's old nemesis, Albert III of Bogen, had died. Thus leaving him with one less problem and one great opportunity. Louis married
1209-501: The regency of Bavaria in the meantime, securing her son's inheritance. Upon his coming-of-age, in 1189, at sixteen years old, at the beginning of his reign, he had already fallen in the midst of a conflict which triggered the nearly simultaneous extinction of the Burgrave of Regensburg and the Count of Sulzbach in the years 1188 and 1189. This allowed Barbarossa to expand his royal domains within
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1248-1031: The second day there is the official opening with a representative of the Bavarian or German government. The festival is held every year in the middle of August and lasts 11 days. The festival is celebrated by the whole city as a "fifth season", and many companies are closed down during this time. Combined with the Gäubodenvolksfest is the Ostbayernschau , the biggest trade show of eastern Bavaria . Brewery:, Röhrl Straubing Brewery: Irlbacher, Irlbach Brewery: Irlbacher, Irlbach Brewery: Karmeliten, Straubing Brewery: Arcobräu , Moos Brewery: Erl-Bräu, Geiselhöring Brewery: Karmeliten, Straubing 48°53′02″N 12°33′51″E / 48.88389°N 12.56417°E / 48.88389; 12.56417 Straubing Straubing ( pronounced [ˈʃtʁaʊ̯.bɪŋ] ; Central Bavarian : Strauwing )
1287-532: The speakers were Gauleiter Wächtler and Gauamtsleiter Erbersdobler. In July 1940, the Donau-Zeitung reported that the Straubing Kreisleiter , Anton Putz, had flown toward France and not returned. In 1944 and 1945, Straubing suffered from several American air raids. The local military hospital was destroyed to the extent of 80 percent with a loss of 45 patients. In November 2016 a fire destroyed
1326-508: The vicious counter-attack of Leopold V, Duke of Austria and Berthold, Duke of Merania were not able to change the situation. And Louis had vowed to never stop until Count Albert was without Sulzbach. It was in the summer of 1192 at Worms where he received the German tradition of knighting , which was the handing of sword and belt, in the presence of Emperor Henry VI and many other Princes. By 1193, Emperor Henry became involved in-person over
1365-571: The widowed Ludmilla of Bohemia in 1204 to gain the alliance of her uncle King Ottokar I of Bohemia . This also gave him claim to the lands of Albert III of Bogen (brother-in-law of King Ottokar I), if at least not directly. That same year, the Margraviate of Vohburg passed to Louis as well. An old story goes that the Duke made the acquaintance of Ludmilla of Bohemia with affection and she fearing he did it to delude her, hid three persons she trusted behind
1404-535: Was divided among the sons of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor in 1349. In 1429 Straubing passed to Ernest, Duke of Bavaria - Munich , who ordered the murder of Agnes Bernauer in Straubing. The grave of Agnes Bernauer cannot be found. But in the graveyard of St. Peter's Church is a chapel built by Duke Ernest. In 1633, during the Thirty Years' War , the Swedish army successfully besieged the city. Nowadays, this new town
1443-480: Was in attendance. After the ceremony, King Philip retired to his quarters, where he was murdered by Otto VIII, Count Palatine of Bavaria , Louis's first cousin. The killer evaded the king's guards and fled the city. The lords were immediately called for a court assembly, and they blamed the house of Andechs for the murder of the King. Whether they had a hand in it directly is under debate, but that it happened under their watch
1482-461: Was only through Louis's character that peace was restored. The following year, in 1197, Louis went with the Emperor to Sicily to prepare for their departure for the German Crusade of 1197 . But Henry had died of an illness; possibly malaria, suddenly. And the journey was canceled. Henry's death thus began a most difficult epoch in German history. The northern and western German princes demanded
1521-597: Was the Duke of Bavaria from 1183 and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1214. He was the only surviving son of Otto I, Duke of Bavaria (the first duke from the House of Wittelsbach ) by his wife Agnes of Loon . He married Ludmilla of Bohemia , a daughter of Duke Frederick of Bohemia . Soon after his father's death in 1183, Louis was appointed under the guardianship of his uncle Conrad of Wittelsbach , Archbishop of Mainz , and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa . His mother, Agnes , an energetic and enterprising leader, had taken over
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