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16-679: The name of the valley derives from the Walsers who moved there from the Valais (German: Wallis ) in the 13th century (see also " Kleinwalsertal "). The valley Großes Walsertal is located in the northern Limestone Alps between the subgroups of the Bregenz Forest mountain range (in the north) and the Lechquellen Mountains (in the south and east). The Lutz river flows through the approximately 25 km long alpine saw-cut valley. Especially

32-471: A Walser inhabited area. The Walser people originate from the Swiss canton of Valais. Around 1300, they started to migrate. As of 2022, the reasons are not historically documented and are speculated to be due to overpopulation, climate change or poverty. In many places Walser settlers received the "Walser right" (colonist right), that is, personal freedom, with the right to form their own judicial communities and

48-692: Is not spoken any more). These are: Simplon , in Canton of Valais ; Bosco/Gurin , in Canton of Ticino ; and the following communities in Graubünden (Grisons): Obersaxen ; Valsertal ( Vals , St. Martin ); Safiental ( Valendas , Versam , Tenna , Safien ); Rheinwald ( Medels , Nufenen , Splügen , Sufers , Hinterrhein , Avers ); Schanfigg ( Arosa , Langwies ); Albula ( Mutten , Schmitten , Wiesen ); Landquart ( Davos , Klosters , Furna , Says , St. Antönien , Valzeina ). Wartau , ( Matug , Walserberg , Palfris ) and Walser speaking people may live in

64-934: Is one Walser community: Triesenberg , including Saminatal and Malbun . Until the 1930s, the dialects of Walser German and Romandy based on the French language was still spoken among a few hundred residents. In Austria , there are 14 Walser communities: Grosses Walsertal (Blons, Fontanella, Raggal, St. Gerold, Sonntag, Thüringerberg), Kleinwalsertal (Mittelberg, a practical enclave of Germany), Brandnertal (Brand), Montafon (Silbertal), Reintal (Laterns), Tannberg ( Schröcken , Lech, Warth), all in Vorarlberg ; and in Paznauntal ( Galtür ), in Tyrol . Additionally, Walser communities are reportedly found in Haute-Savoie , France (Vallorcine, in

80-611: The Austrian Alpine Club 's initiative to promote sustainable tourism . The municipalities of the Great Walser Valley have joined together to form the Biosphere Park Großes Walsertal , Vorarlberg's first nature park , which is a biosphere reserve awarded by UNESCO . In a biosphere park , man and nature are to interact and complement each other positively. On November 10, 2000, the region was included in

96-526: The Bernese Oberland ; because of linguistic differences among the Walser dialects, it is supposed that there were two independent immigration routes. From the upper Wallis, they began to spread south, west and east between the 12th and 13th centuries, in the so-called Walser migrations ( Walserwanderungen ). The causes of these further population movements, the last wave of settlement in the higher valleys of

112-717: The Chablais ), where the local Walser dialect is no longer spoken, and in the Berner Oberland (or Bernese Highlands), Switzerland (Grimseljoch-Sustenpass area, Lauterbrunnen , Mürren , etc.), where the local Walser dialect has assimilated to the (likewise Highest Alemannic ) dialects of the Berner Oberland. Some Walsers later settled portions of eastern Hungary , most were found in the Tokay wine region. Walsers, along with French Swiss speakers and French ( Lorraine ) vintners from

128-693: The canton of Geneva . In Italy , there are nine communities that were settled by the Walser migration (and four others that originally were, but where Walser German is not spoken any more (with exception of a few elders)). These are: Gressoney-La-Trinité , Gressoney-Saint-Jean and Issime ( Lys Valley, in the Aosta Valley ); Formazza , Macugnaga , Campello Monti ( Verbano-Cusio-Ossola province ); Alagna Valsesia , Riva Valdobbia , Carcoforo , Rimasco , Rima San Giuseppe , Rimella (Sesia Valley or Valsesia , in Vercelli province ). In Liechtenstein , there

144-474: The Alps , are not entirely clear. Some think that the large Walser migrations took place because of conflicts with the valley's feudal lords. Other theories contend it was because of overpopulation and yet others that they were reinforced by the respective local authorities in order to settle previously unpopulated regions. Starting in 1962, every three years a meeting of Walser people called Walsertreffen occurs in

160-786: The French with wine-producing skills arrived in the 19th century by invitation of the Austro-Hungarian Empire . Their descendants in the early 20th century were known as Français du Banat or the " Banat French", as well the Romandie de l'Ungerne or "the Romandies of Hungary". Valleys of the Alps The main valleys of the Alps , orographically by drainage basin . High Rhine Po Adige [REDACTED] Media related to Valleys of

176-642: The festival offers contemporary art and culture experiences in the middle of the Großwalsertal. The program includes literature, film, music, theater, exhibitions and workshops. The self-image of the festival is characterised by "openness to new ideas through the joy of meeting people". This description was chosen because cultural exchange has always been a defining component of the Walser ethnic group living there who immigrated from Valais some centuries ago. The Great Walser Valley and its mountaineering villages are part of

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192-448: The list of the global model regions for sustainable living and farming. Acceptance among the population, as requested by UNESCO in the context of Local Agenda 21 for biosphere parks, is excellent. The project has also won numerous awards, including the 2002 European Village Renewal Award , the 2009 EDEN Award ( European Destinations of Excellence ) and the 2010 European Energy Award in silver. Walser The Walser people are

208-456: The north, which still belongs to the flysch-zone, shows the typical small-round and round-capped tributaries and secondary valleys. The municipalities are almost all situated on the Sonn-hillside, the north side of the valley. From the beginning of the valley, the communities are: South of Lutz lies: The well-developed street Faschina (formerly Bundesstraße 193, now L 193) leads through

224-504: The right of the free hereditary rights of land. When a settler died, the estate passed to his heirs. The "Walser law" was granted against a moderate interest and the obligation to serve in the war. In Switzerland , the German-speaking part of the canton of Valais is the original region of the Walser. There are 26 Walser communities that were settled by the Walser migration (and seven others that originally were, but where Walser German

240-563: The speakers of the Walser German dialects, a variety of Highest Alemannic . They inhabit the region of the Alps of Switzerland and Liechtenstein , as well as the fringes of Italy and Austria . The Walser people are named after the Wallis (Valais), the uppermost Rhône valley, where they settled from roughly the 10th century in the late phase of the migration of the Alamanni , crossing from

256-518: The valley on a western slope. At the Faschina Pass at 1485 meters above sea level, the street leaves the valley and descends via Damüls to Au in the Bregenz Forest . The Schadonapass at the end of the valley (Biberacher hut) leads to the Hinterwald near Rehmen (municipality of Au) via a hiking-trail. Since 2004, the cultural festival Walserherbst has been held every two years. For three weeks,

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