In medicine , describing a disease as acute denotes that it is of recent onset ; it occasionally denotes a short duration . The quantification of how much time constitutes "short" and "recent" varies by disease and by context, but the core denotation of "acute" is always qualitatively in contrast with " chronic ", which denotes long-lasting disease (for example, in acute leukaemia and chronic leukaemia ).
25-576: Greenwich District Hospital was an acute district general hospital situated in the Maze Hill district of Greenwich , London . It was built in the 1960s on the site of St Alfege's Hospital , Greenwich, on the east side of Vanbrugh Hill, south of its junction with Woolwich Road. The hospital had its origins in St Alfege's Hospital in Greenwich which by the 1960s was in need of replacement. In order to build
50-488: A hospital with a large enough capacity for the requirements of the local population (up to 800 beds) on a small site (less than 8 acres), a single large building was designed - Pevsner described it as "an unusually large enterprise to be undertaken by the Department of Health and Social Security (chief architect: W. E. Tatton Brown )". The new hospital was fully open by 1972, and it also absorbed services previously provided at
75-550: A list of specialties recognized in the European Union, and by extension, the European Economic Area. There is substantial overlap between some of the specialties and it is likely that for example "Clinical radiology" and "Radiology" refer to a large degree to the same pattern of practice across Europe. In this table, as in many healthcare arenas, medical specialties are organized into the following groups: According to
100-469: A particular organ. Others are based mainly around a set of techniques, such as radiology , which was originally based around X-rays . The age range of patients seen by any given specialist can be quite variable. Pediatricians handle most complaints and diseases in children that do not require surgery, and there are several subspecialties (formally or informally) in pediatrics that mimic the organ-based specialties in adults. Pediatric surgery may or may not be
125-468: A rotational internship of about 1.5 to 2 years in various specialties before attaining a medical license. The specialist training lasts 5 years. There are three agencies or organizations in the United States that collectively oversee physician board certification of MD and DO physicians in the United States in the 26 approved medical specialties recognized in the country. These organizations are
150-544: A separate specialty that handles some kinds of surgical complaints in children. A further subdivision is the diagnostic versus therapeutic specialties. While the diagnostic process is of great importance in all specialties, some specialists perform mainly or only diagnostic examinations, such as pathology , clinical neurophysiology , and radiology. This line is becoming somewhat blurred with interventional radiology , an evolving field that uses image expertise to perform minimally invasive procedures. The European Union publishes
175-409: A specific specialty of medicine by completing a multiple-year residency to become a specialist. To a certain extent, medical practitioners have long been specialized. According to Galen , specialization was common among Roman physicians. The particular system of modern medical specialties evolved gradually during the 19th century. Informal social recognition of medical specialization evolved before
200-407: Is a medical speciality of acute medicine , as often primary care is not positioned to assume this role. Signs and symptoms Syndrome Disease Medical diagnosis Differential diagnosis Prognosis Acute Chronic Cure Eponymous disease Acronym or abbreviation Remission Medical speciality A medical specialty is a branch of medical practice that
225-423: Is achieved through major surgical techniques. The internal medicine specialties are the specialties in which the main diagnosis and treatment is never major surgery. In some countries, anesthesiology is classified as a surgical discipline, since it is vital in the surgical process, though anesthesiologists never perform major surgery themselves. Many specialties are organ-based. Many symptoms and diseases come from
250-420: Is focused on a defined group of patients, diseases, skills, or philosophy . Examples include those branches of medicine that deal exclusively with children ( pediatrics ), cancer ( oncology ), laboratory medicine ( pathology ), or primary care ( family medicine ). After completing medical school or other basic training, physicians or surgeons and other clinicians usually further their medical education in
275-636: Is often to distinguish diseases from their chronic forms, such as chronic leukaemia , or to highlight the sudden onset of the disease, such as acute myocardial infarct. Related terms include: P er acute ("very") is not to be confused with p re acute ("before", the opposite of postacute ). Acute care is the early and specialist management of adult patients who have a wide range of medical conditions requiring urgent or emergency care usually within 48 hours of admission or referral from other specialties. Acute hospitals are those intended for short-term medical and/or surgical treatment and care which
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#1732859262028300-688: Is overseen by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada and the College of Family Physicians of Canada . For specialists working in the province of Quebec , the Collège des médecins du Québec also oversees the process. In Germany these doctors use the term Facharzt . Specialty training in India is overseen by the Medical Council of India , responsible for recognition of post graduate training and by
325-948: The American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) and the American Medical Association (AMA); the American Osteopathic Association Bureau of Osteopathic Specialists (AOABOS) and the American Osteopathic Association ; the American Board of Physician Specialties (ABPS) and the American Association of Physician Specialists (AAPS). Each of these agencies and their associated national medical organization functions as its various specialty academies, colleges and societies. All boards of certification now require that medical practitioners demonstrate, by examination, continuing mastery of
350-498: The Miller General Hospital in west Greenwich, which finally closed in 1974. The wards were located around the outside of the building, to receive natural light, while other departments such as operating theatres and laboratories were situated in the centre. The engineering services were contained in gaps between the floor and ceiling of each pair of storeys, so that maintenance work could be carried out without disruption to
375-469: The National Board of Examinations . Education of Ayurveda in overseen by Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM), the council conducts UG and PG courses all over India, while Central Council of Homoeopathy does the same in the field of Homeopathy. In Sweden, a medical license is required before commencing specialty training. Those graduating from Swedish medical schools are first required to do
400-713: The Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons supervises training of specialist medical practitioners specializing in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in addition to its role in the training of dentists . There are approximately 260 faciomaxillary surgeons in Australia. The Royal New Zealand College of General Practitioners is a distinct body from the Australian Royal Australian College of General Practitioners . There are approximately 5100 members of
425-553: The 2022 Medscape Physician Compensation Report, physicians on average earn $ 339K annually. Primary care physicians earn $ 260K annually while specialists earned $ 368K annually. The table below details the average range of salaries for physicians in the US of medical specialties: work/week There are 15 recognised specialty medical Colleges in Australia. The majority of these are Australasian Colleges and therefore also oversee New Zealand specialist doctors. These Colleges are: In addition,
450-567: The Greenwich Centre, a building in Lambarde Square also housing a leisure centre, swimming pool and library. Acute (medicine) In the context of the mass noun "acute disease", it refers to the acute phase (that is, a short course) of any disease entity. For example, in an article on ulcerative enteritis in poultry , the author says, "in acute disease there may be increased mortality without any obvious signs ", referring to
475-985: The RNZCGP. Within some of the larger Colleges, there are sub-faculties, such as: Australasian Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine Archived 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine within the Royal Australasian College of Physicians There are some collegiate bodies in Australia that are not officially recognised as specialties by the Australian Medical Council but have a college structure for members, such as: Australasian College of Physical Medicine There are some collegiate bodies in Australia of Allied Health non-medical practitioners with specialisation. They are not recognised as medical specialists, but can be treated as such by private health insurers, such as: Australasian College of Podiatric Surgeons Specialty training in Canada
500-444: The acute form or phase of ulcerative enteritis. A mild stubbed toe is an acute injury. Similarly, many acute upper respiratory infections and acute gastroenteritis cases in adults are mild and usually resolve within a few days or weeks. The term "acute" is also included in the definition of several diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome , acute leukaemia , acute myocardial infarction , and acute hepatitis . This
525-429: The core knowledge and skills for a chosen specialty. Recertification varies by particular specialty between every seven and every ten years. In the United States there are hierarchies of medical specialties in the cities of a region. Small towns and cities have primary care, middle sized cities offer secondary care, and metropolitan cities have tertiary care. Income, size of population, population demographics, distance to
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#1732859262028550-607: The doctor, all influence the numbers and kinds of specialists and physicians located in a city. A population's income level determines whether sufficient physicians can practice in an area and whether public subsidy is needed to maintain the health of the population. Developing countries and poor areas usually have shortages of physicians and specialties, and those in practice usually locate in larger cities. For some underlying theory regarding physician location, see central place theory . The proportion of men and women in different medical specialties varies greatly. Such sex segregation
575-436: The formal legal system. The particular subdivision of the practice of medicine into various specialties varies from country to country, and is somewhat arbitrary. Medical specialties can be classified along several axes. These are: Throughout history, the most important has been the division into surgical and internal medicine specialties. The surgical specialties are those in which an important part of diagnosis and treatment
600-527: The music video for Chain Reaction by the pop group Steps , were filmed in the closed hospital prior to its demolition in 2006. An adjacent health centre - described by Pevsner as "an ugly A-frame with forceful raking struts" has also since been demolished. The hospital site was redeveloped for mainly residential use, centred around Lambarde Square and Hawthorne Crescent, with some retail outlets along Woolwich Road. The health centre facilities were relocated to
625-490: The running of the clinical areas of the hospital. The interior design was based on large, open areas which maximised the use of the available space, and which could be altered to match changing demands. The entire hospital was ventilated artificially to improve air quality. The hospital closed in 2001, and its services were moved to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, London . Some scenes from the film About A Boy , and
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