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94-455: The first issue (December 2007) was written by Judd Winick with art by Cliff Chiang . The series spun out of Green Arrow/Black Canary: Wedding Special (November 2007) by Winick and artist Amanda Conner . With issue #7, Mike Norton replaced Chiang. With issue #15, Andrew Kreisberg replaced Winick. According to the announcements of then-upcoming titles at DCComics.com, the title was reverted to Green Arrow beginning with issue #30. After

188-560: A Blackest Night tie-in before switching to simply Green Arrow as part of the "Rise and Fall" storyline which is the aftermath of Justice League: Cry for Justice . The series picked up loose ends of Green Arrow killing the villain Prometheus and the destruction of Star City as well as Black Canary leaving Green Arrow for not telling her of his actions, assuming he wants to be alone. A new Green Arrow series eventually made its debut from J. T. Krul and artist Diogenes Neves. Also relevant

282-518: A Mormon splinter group), Breaking Amish and Amish Mafia (the Amish ), and Big Fat Gypsy Weddings and its spinoffs ( Romani people ). The Real Housewives franchise offers a window into the lives of social-striving urban and suburban housewives. Many shows focus on wealth and conspicuous consumption , including Platinum Weddings , and My Super Sweet 16 , which documented huge coming of age celebrations thrown by wealthy parents. Conversely,

376-542: A civil ceremony on August 26, 2001. Writer Armistead Maupin spoke at their ceremony. It marked the first time two cast members of The Real World married. As of September 2000, they lived in San Francisco's Upper Haight . As of 2024, they have two children, a son and a daughter, whom they work to keep out of the spotlight, preferring to omit photos of them from social media, and mention of their names in interviews. Reality television Reality television

470-577: A nuclear family (filmed in 1971) going through a divorce; unlike many later reality shows, it was more or less documentary in purpose and style. In 1974 a counterpart program, The Family , was made in the UK, following the working-class Wilkins family of Reading . Other forerunners of modern reality television were the 1970s productions of Chuck Barris : The Dating Game , The Newlywed Game , and The Gong Show , all of which featured participants who were eager to sacrifice some of their privacy and dignity in

564-468: A 2003 paper, theorists Elisabeth Klaus and Stephanie Lücke referred to the former category as "docusoaps", which consist of "narrative reality", and the latter category as "reality soaps", which consist of "performative reality". Since 2014, the Primetime Emmy Awards have used a similar classification, with separate awards for " unstructured reality " and " structured reality " programs, as well as

658-450: A Reality or Reality-Competition Program , was added. In 2007, the web series The Next Internet Millionaire appeared; it was a competition show based in part on The Apprentice , and was billed as the world's first Internet reality show. In 2010 the Dutch singing competition show The Voice of Holland , created by John de Mol Jr. , premiered; it added to the singing competition template

752-466: A bookstore. On January 1, 1993, UPS decided not to renew Winick's strip for syndication, feeling it could not compete in the current market. Winick was unable to secure syndication with another company, and was forced to move back in with his parents by the middle of 1993, doing unfulfilling T-shirt work for beer companies. Winick had Nuts & Bolts in development with the children's television network Nickelodeon as an animated series , even turning

846-443: A camera crew on an outdoor adventure , such as hunting , fishing , hiking, scuba diving , rock climbing, wildlife photography, horseback riding, race car driving, and the like, with most of the resulting action and dialogue being unscripted, except for the narration. In the 1966 Direct Cinema film Chelsea Girls , Andy Warhol filmed various acquaintances with no direction given. The Radio Times Guide to Film 2007 said that

940-578: A celebrity going about their everyday life: notable examples include The Anna Nicole Show , The Osbournes , Gene Simmons Family Jewels , Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica , Keeping Up with the Kardashians and Hogan Knows Best . VH1 in the mid-2000s had an entire block of such shows, known as "Celebreality". Shows such as these are often created with the idea of promoting a celebrity product or upcoming project. Some documentary-style shows shed light on rarely seen cultures and lifestyles. One example

1034-426: A comic book creator with Pedro and Me , an autobiographical graphic novel about his friendship with The Real World castmate and AIDS educator Pedro Zamora . Winick wrote lengthy runs on DC Comics ' Green Lantern and Green Arrow series and created The Life and Times of Juniper Lee animated TV series for Cartoon Network , which ran for three seasons. As part of his run on Batman , Winick wrote

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1128-466: A former runaway-turned prostitute named Mia Dearden , was HIV-positive. In issue #45 (February 2005), Winick had Dearden take on the identity of Speedy , the second such Green Arrow sidekick to bear that name, making her the most prominent HIV-positive superhero to star in an ongoing comic book, a decision for which Winick was interviewed on CNN . In 2003 Winick wrote a five-issue miniseries for DC's Vertigo imprint called Blood & Water , about

1222-421: A small town boy named D.J. whose life takes an unexpected turn when a mysterious boy named Hilo falls from the sky, and takes D.J. and his friend Gina on adventures that include robots, aliens and a quest to save the world. The series represents Winick's first artwork since 2002's The Adventures of Barry Ween, Boy Genius: Gorilla Warfare , as well as his first children's book. It is published by Random House , with

1316-540: A staircase. Winick is mentioned in Dave Eggers ' A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius . After appearing on The Real World , Winick and his former costar, Pam Ling , began to date. Winick proposed to her with a cartoon he made for the occasion, and which he presented to her while wearing a gorilla suit. The cartoon presented Ling with two choices to answer his proposal. After she accepted his proposal, he summoned three singing Elvises . Winick and Ling married in

1410-440: A televised competition. The 1976–1980 BBC series The Big Time featured a different amateur in some field (cooking, comedy, football, etc.) trying to succeed professionally in that field, with help from notable experts. The 15-episode series is credited with starting the career of Sheena Easton , who was selected to appear in the episode showing an aspiring pop singer trying to enter the music business. In 1978, Living in

1504-466: A third award for " reality-competition " programs. In many reality television programs, camera shooting and footage editing give the viewer the impression that they are passive observers following people going about their daily personal and professional activities; this style of filming is sometimes referred to as fly on the wall , observational documentary or factual television . Story "plots" are often constructed via editing or planned situations, with

1598-849: A title which alternated with Brightest Day . In addition, he was a regular writer on the monthly Power Girl series. Winick wrote the screenplay for the 2010 direct to DVD animated feature Batman: Under the Red Hood , which was based on the 1988–89 story arc " Batman: A Death in the Family " and the 2005 " Batman: Under the Hood " story arc that he wrote in the Batman comic book. Beginning in September 2011, Winick began writing new Catwoman and Batwing ongoing series that were launched as part of DC Comics' reboot of its continuity, The New 52 . The Catwoman series

1692-677: A top athlete and celebrity, the brutal nature of the murders, and issues of race and class in Los Angeles celebrity culture, the sensational case dominated ratings and the public conversation. Many reality television stars of the 2000s and 2010s have direct or indirect connections to people involved in the case, most notably Kim Kardashian , daughter of defense attorney Robert Kardashian , and several of her relatives and associates. The series Expedition Robinson , created by television producer Charlie Parsons, which first aired in 1997 in Sweden (and

1786-435: A young man with terminal illness whose two friends reveal to him that they are vampires , and that they wish to save his life by turning him into a vampire himself. Winick's other comic book work includes Batman , The Outsiders , and Marvel 's Exiles . In 2005 he co-wrote Countdown to Infinite Crisis , a one-shot comic that initiated the " Infinite Crisis " storyline, with Geoff Johns and Greg Rucka . Winick

1880-585: Is a genre of television programming that documents purportedly unscripted real-life situations, often starring unfamiliar people rather than professional actors. Reality television emerged as a distinct genre in the early 1990s with shows such as The Real World , then achieved prominence in the early 2000s with the success of the series Survivor , Idol , and Big Brother , all of which became global franchises. Reality television shows tend to be interspersed with "confessionals", short interview segments in which cast members reflect on or provide context for

1974-542: Is meant to resemble scripted soap operas – in this case, the television series Desperate Housewives and Peyton Place . A notable subset of such series focus on a group of women who are romantically connected to male celebrities; these include Basketball Wives (2010), Love & Hip Hop (2011), Hollywood Exes (2012), Ex-Wives of Rock (2012) and WAGS (2015). Most of these shows have had spin-offs in multiple locations. There are also fly-on-the-wall-style shows directly involving celebrities. Often these show

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2068-441: Is put to the test as Green Arrow becomes increasingly more violent and ignores Black Canary's warnings. A music teacher is deafened by Black Canary's canary cry and becomes the hypersonic villain known as Discord. Starting with July's issue, #22, the title gets divided into a Green Arrow and Black Canary double feature. During the events of the " Blackest Night " the series for issue 30 was retitled Black Lantern Green Arrow for

2162-457: Is responsible for wounding Connor Hawke. Along the way they join up with Batman , Plastic Man and Dodger and encounter a new League of Assassins . The missing Connor Hawke is found and it is discovered that this League of Assassins is a fake, tricked by a disguised Shado to fight Green Arrow. Shado's son Robert, who is also Green Arrow's son, was diagnosed with cancer, to cure him she employed Dr. Sivana to abduct and experiment on Connor. In

2256-643: Is shows about people with disabilities or people who have unusual physical circumstances, such as the American series Push Girls and Little People, Big World , and the British programmes Beyond Boundaries , Britain's Missing Top Model , The Undateables and Seven Dwarves . Another example is shows that portray the lives of ethnic or religious minorities. Examples include All-American Muslim ( Lebanese-American Muslims ), Shahs of Sunset (affluent Persian-Americans ), Sister Wives (polygamists from

2350-518: Is still ongoing. The program was structured as a series of interviews with no element of the plot. By virtue of the attention paid to the participants, it effectively turned ordinary people into a type of celebrity, especially after they became adults. The series The American Sportsman , which ran from 1965 to 1986 on ABC in the United States, would typically feature one or more celebrities, and sometimes their family members, being accompanied by

2444-635: Is the lead-up to this series "Road to the Altar", as seen in Green Arrow collected editions : The Rise of Arsenal #1-4 IGN gave the first issue a 5.7 out of 10. Issue #15, the first issue of Kreisberg's run, received a 7.5. Judd Winick Judd Winick (born February 12, 1970) is an American cartoonist , comic book writer and screenwriter , as well as a former reality television personality. He first gained fame for his stint on MTV 's The Real World: San Francisco in 1994, before finding success as

2538-754: The Michigan Daily , in his freshman year, and he was selected to speak at graduation. The university published a small print-run of a collection of his strips called Watching the Spin-Cycle: The Nuts & Bolts Collection . In his senior year, Universal Press Syndicate , which syndicates strips such as Doonesbury and Calvin & Hobbes , offered Winick a development contract. After graduation, Winick lived in an apartment in Beacon Hill, Boston , Massachusetts, with fellow writer Brad Meltzer , struggling to develop Nuts and Bolts for UPS, while working at

2632-598: The United Kingdom in 1964, the Granada Television documentary Seven Up! broadcast interviews with a dozen ordinary 7-year-olds from a broad cross-section of society and inquired about their reactions to everyday life. Every seven years, the filmmaker created a new film documenting the lives of the same individuals during the intervening period. Titled the Up Series , episodes included "7 Plus Seven", "21 Up", etc.; it

2726-466: The 11th book in the series slated for publication in February 2025. ( https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/741634/hilo-book-11-the-great-space-iguana-by-judd-winick/ ) In Pedro , the 2008 film dramatizing Pedro Zamora 's life, Winick is portrayed by Hale Appleman . Winick and his wife Pam Ling can be seen in a cameo in a scene where Jenn Liu and Alex Loynaz , as Ling and Zamora, are meeting on

2820-646: The 1950s, game shows Beat the Clock and Truth or Consequences involved contestants in wacky competitions, stunts, and practical jokes. Confession was a crime and police show that aired from June 1958 to January 1959, with interviewer Jack Wyatt questioning criminals from assorted backgrounds. The radio series Nightwatch (1951–1955) tape-recorded the daily activities of Culver City, California police officers. The series You Asked for It (1950–1959) incorporated audience involvement by basing episodes around requests sent in by postcard from viewers. First broadcast in

2914-447: The 2005 storyline " Under the Hood ", which featured the return of Jason Todd , the second Robin (who was murdered by the Joker in the 1988 storyline " A Death in the Family "), now operating as the anti-hero Red Hood . Winick also wrote the prequel mini-series Red Hood: The Lost Days , which detailed the exact nature of Todd's resurrection, as well as the animated film Batman: Under

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3008-654: The 2018–19 and 2019–20 television seasons. The success of the two franchises has led to other globally-syndicated franchises of reality competitions based around guesswork, such as Game of Talents (which began in Spain in 2019) and The Masked Dancer (which began in the United States in 2020). Specialist skill-based TV competitions became popular during this decade with such programs like The Great British Bake-Off , Lego Masters , The Great British Sewing Bee and Forged in Fire shown. Television development across all genres

3102-465: The 21st century, the series is often considered a prototype of reality television programming. In the early 1940s the young German television station, named after Paul Nipkow had staged a show in which a young couple acted as model Aryans and presented their everyday lives without a script to the camera ( Familienchroniken - Ein Abend mit Hans und Gelli ). Even though it was clearly Nazi propaganda and

3196-631: The Dutch production company Endemol . Although Dragons' Den originated in Japan , most of its adaptations are based on the British version.) In India, the competition show Indian Idol was the most popular television program for its first six seasons. During the 2000s, several cable networks, including Bravo , A&E , E! , TLC , History , VH1 , and MTV , changed their programming to feature mostly reality television series. In addition, three cable channels were started around that time that were devoted exclusively to reality television: Fox Reality in

3290-471: The Past had amateurs participating in a re-enactment of life in an Iron Age English village. Producer George Schlatter capitalized on the advent of videotape to create Real People , a surprise hit for NBC, and it ran from 1979 to 1984. The success of Real People was quickly copied by ABC with That's Incredible , a stunt show produced by Alan Landsburg and co-hosted by Fran Tarkenton ; CBS's entry into

3384-483: The Red Hood , which adapted his original story to screen. Winick was born February 12, 1970, to a Jewish family, and grew up in Dix Hills, New York . In his youth Winick initially read superhero comics , but this changed when he read Kyle Baker 's graphic novel Why I Hate Saturn , which Winick said in a 2015 interview he still reads once a year. Winick also cites Bloom County: Loose Tails by Berke Breathed as

3478-472: The Stars , and the investment franchise Dragons' Den . Several " reality game shows " from the same period have had even greater success, including Deal or No Deal , Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? , and Weakest Link , with over 50 international adaptions each. (All but four of these franchises, Top Model , Project Runway , The Biggest Loser and Dragons' Den , were created by either British producers or

3572-522: The U.S. and is syndicated in over 100 countries worldwide. In 2001, the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences added the reality genre to the Emmy Awards in the category of Outstanding Reality Program . In 2003, to better differentiate between competition and informational reality programs, a second category, Outstanding Reality-Competition Program , was added. In 2008, a third category, Outstanding Host for

3666-473: The U.S. networks used reality series and other unscripted content (including those delayed from their summer lineups) to fill gaps in their schedules while the production of scripted programming resumed. There have been various attempts to classify reality television shows into different subgenres: Another categorization divides reality television into two types: shows that purport to document real life, and shows that place participants in new circumstances. In

3760-486: The U.S. states of Alaska , Louisiana and Texas , shows about cakes, weddings and pawnbrokers , and shows, usually competition-based, whose title includes the word "Wars". Duck Dynasty (2012–2017), which focused on the Robertson family that founded Duck Commander , in 2013 became the most popular reality series in U.S. cable television history. Its fourth-season premiere was viewed by nearly 12 million viewers in

3854-459: The U.S., which they attributed to "The diminishing returns of cable TV's sea of reality sameness". They noted that a number of networks that featured reality programming, including Bravo and E!, were launching their first scripted shows, and others, including AMC , were abandoning plans to launch further reality programs; though they clarified that the genre as a whole "isn't going anywhere." Ratings and profits from reality TV continued to decline in

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3948-538: The United States, most of which were in rural markets. Its rural audience share ranked in the 30s, an extremely high number for any series, broadcast or cable. Following from the 1900 House format, the BBC produced a series called Back in Time for Tea in which a family would experience tea time for various decades. In 2014, Entertainment Weekly and Variety again noted a stagnation in reality television programs' ratings in

4042-420: The United States, reality television programs suffered a temporary decline in viewership in 2001, leading some entertainment industry columnists to speculate that the genre was a temporary fad that had run its course. Reality shows that suffered from low ratings included The Amazing Race (although the show has since recovered and is in its 32nd edition), Lost (unrelated to the better-known serial drama of

4136-777: The United States, which operated from 2005 to 2010; Global Reality Channel in Canada , which lasted two years from 2010 to 2012; and CBS Reality (formerly known as Reality TV and then Zone Reality) in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, which has run from 1999 to the present. During the early part of the 2000s, network executives expressed concern that reality-television programming was limited in its appeal for DVD reissue and syndication . But DVDs for reality shows sold briskly; Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County , The Amazing Race , Project Runway , and America's Next Top Model all ranked in

4230-471: The appearance and structure of soap operas. Such shows often focus on a close-knit group of people and their shifting friendships and romantic relationships. One highly influential such series was the American 2004–2006 series Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County , which attempted to specifically mimic the primetime soap opera The O.C. , which had begun airing in 2003. Laguna Beach had a more drama-like feel than any previous reality television show, through

4324-510: The collected editions), published by Oni Press, which published trade paperback collections of all three miniseries. Winick’s graphic novel, Pedro and Me: Friendship, Loss, and What I Learned , was published in September 2000. It was awarded six American Library Association awards, was nominated for an Eisner Award, won Winick his first GLAAD award, has been praised by creators such as Frank Miller , Neil Gaiman , and Armistead Maupin , and has been incorporated into school curricula across

4418-506: The computer-related titles' cartoons was published in 1997 as Terminal Madness, The Complete Idiot's Guide Computer Cartoon Collection . While working on Pedro and Me , Winick began working on comic books, beginning with a one-page Frumpy the Clown cartoon in Oni Press ’ anthology series, Oni Double Feature #3, in 1998, before going on to do longer stories, like the two-part Road Trip , which

4512-449: The concept of putting strangers together in a limited environment for an extended period of time and recording the drama that ensued. Nummer 28 also pioneered many of the stylistic conventions that have since become standard in reality television shows, including extensive use of soundtrack music and the interspersing of events on screen with after-the-fact "confessionals" recorded by cast members, which serve as narration. Nummer 28 became

4606-499: The country. Winick's work in mainstream superhero comics received attention for storylines in which he explores gay or AIDS-oriented themes. In his first regular writing assignment on a monthly superhero comic book, DC Comics ' Green Lantern , Winick wrote a storyline in which Terry Berg , an assistant of the title character, emerged as a gay character in Green Lantern #137 (June 2001) and in Green Lantern #154 (November 2002)

4700-468: The end Connor is rescued, but possesses nothing of his former self, acting differently, abandoning archery and apparently gaining healing abilities. Speedy leaves to pursue a relationship with Dodger and Connor Hawke leaves to rediscover himself. A new villainess named Cupid begins killing Green Arrow's enemies to gain his love and approval. She kills Brick and several other low level villains and attempts to kill Merlyn as well. Oliver's and Dinah's marriage

4794-809: The episodes were certainly affected by censorship , in recent years the show has been presented more frequently as the oldest reality TV show in the world. Precedents for television that portrayed people in unscripted situations began in the late 1940s. Queen for a Day (1945–1964) was an early example of reality-based television. The 1946 television game show Cash and Carry sometimes featured contestants performing stunts. Debuting in 1948, Allen Funt 's hidden camera show Candid Camera (based on his previous 1947 radio show, The Candid Microphone ) broadcast unsuspecting ordinary people reacting to pranks. In 1948, talent search shows, such as Ted Mack's Original Amateur Hour and Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts , featured amateur competitors and audience voting. In

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4888-485: The events being depicted on-screen; this is most commonly seen in American reality television. Competition-based reality shows typically feature the gradual elimination of participants, either by a panel of judges, by the viewership of the show, or by the contestants themselves. Documentaries , television news , sports television , talk shows , and traditional game shows are generally not classified as reality television. Some genres of television programming that predate

4982-580: The events of Justice League: Cry For Justice , wherein Green Arrow killed the villain Prometheus for destroying Star City (which killed Roy Harper's daughter), Black Canary took Green Arrow's not telling her as a sign he wants to be alone and left him, supposedly ending the marriage. This series ended in 2011 when DC relaunched its entire universe. Green Arrow went to Star City in his own solo series while Black Canary currently stars in Birds of Prey . Following

5076-471: The events of DC Rebirth , the two became romantically involved once more. After Black Canary murders "Green Arrow" on their wedding night, it is discovered that it was actually Everyman posing as him. Black Canary and Speedy , along with Connor Hawke , venture to Themyscira on a hunch that Green Arrow may be a captive of the Amazons . Green Arrow, Black Canary and Speedy travel to Europe to hunt down who

5170-576: The favorite or underdog to win. Other criticisms of reality television shows include that they are intended to humiliate or exploit participants; that they make stars out of untalented people unworthy of fame, infamous figures, or both; and that they glamorize vulgarity. Television formats portraying ordinary people in unscripted situations are almost as old as the television medium itself. Producer-host Allen Funt 's Candid Camera , in which unsuspecting people were confronted with funny, unusual situations and filmed with hidden cameras, first aired in 1948. In

5264-488: The film was "to blame for reality television". In 1969, the British rock group the Beatles were filmed for a month during the recording sessions which would become their album Let It Be and released the homonymous film the following year. In 2021, director Peter Jackson created an eight-hour, three-episode television series entitled The Beatles: Get Back . The 12-part 1973 PBS series An American Family showed

5358-582: The first book published in September 2015. The deal is for three books, though Winick plans to have a total of six graphic novels by the time the story is finished, and hopes to release a book every six months. The first two volumes of the Hilo series, Hilo, the Boy Who Crashed to Earth and Hilo, Saving the Whole Wide World , are New York Times bestsellers . The HILO series has successfully continued with

5452-473: The first collection of that strip that changed his life, one which prompted him to spend the next ten years "horribly aping" Breathed's style. Winick graduated from high school in 1988 and entered the University of Michigan , Ann Arbor 's School of Art, intending to emulate his cartoonist heroes, including Breathed and Garry Trudeau . His comic strip, "Nuts and Bolts", began running in the school's newspaper,

5546-487: The genre was That's My Line , a series hosted by Bob Barker . The Canadian series Thrill of a Lifetime , a fantasies-fulfilled reality show, originally ran from 1982 to 1988. It was revived from 2001 to 2003. In 1985, underwater cinematographer Al Giddings teamed with former Miss Universe Shawn Weatherly on the NBC series Oceanquest , which chronicled Weatherly's adventures scuba diving in various exotic locales. Weatherly

5640-548: The highly successful Here Comes Honey Boo Boo and Duck Dynasty are set in poorer rural areas of the Southern United States . Some documentary-style shows portray professionals either going about day-to-day business or performing an entire project over the course of a series. One early example (and the longest running reality show of any genre) is Cops , which debuted in 1989. Other such shows specifically relating to law enforcement include The First 48 , Dog

5734-447: The house at 949 Lombard Street on Russian Hill on February 12, Winick's 24th birthday. Winick became roommates with Pedro Zamora . Although Cory Murphy, who was the first housemate to meet Zamora, learned that he was HIV-positive when they took the train together from Los Angeles to San Francisco, Winick learned that Zamora was the housemate who had AIDS after Winick and Zamora had decided to be roommates, when Zamora told him that he

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5828-422: The human characters into mice, and proposing new titles like Young Urban Mice and Rat Race , but nothing came of it. Winick applied to be on MTV network's reality TV show, The Real World: San Francisco , hoping for fame and a career boost. During the casting process, the producers of the show conducted an in-person, videotaped interview with Winick. When asked how he would feel about living with someone who

5922-430: The late 2010s. The South Korean competition show I Can See Your Voice , which premiered in 2015, showed guest judges attempting to guess which of a group of contestants could sing, and which could not, without hearing them sing. The show was successful, and spawned several imitators, most notably King of Mask Singer several months later. King of Mask Singer was a more traditional singing competition show, but with

6016-470: The long-running reality television show franchises in the United States, such as American Idol , Dancing with the Stars and The Bachelor , had begun to see declining ratings. However, reality television as a whole remained durable in the U.S., with hundreds of shows across many channels. In 2012, New York Magazine's Vulture blog published a humorous Venn diagram showing popular themes across American reality shows then running, including shows set in

6110-507: The model for many later series of Big Brother and its clones, and Peter Weir's full-length film The Truman Show . One year later, the same concept was used by MTV in its new series The Real World . Nummer 28 creator Erik Latour has long claimed that The Real World was directly inspired by his show. But the producers of The Real World have said that their direct inspiration was An American Family . According to television commentator Charlie Brooker , this type of reality television

6204-402: The necessary viewers to make it worthwhile. (Even in these cases, it is not always successful: the first ten seasons of Dancing with the Stars were picked up by GSN in 2012 and was run in marathon format, but attracted low viewership and had very poor ratings). Another option is to create documentaries around series, including extended interviews with the participants and outtakes not seen in

6298-460: The ongoing series Green Arrow and Black Canary , the first 14 issues of which Winick wrote. In November 2007, DC released a Teen Titans East special, a prequel for Titans , which was scripted by Winick. Following the " Battle for the Cowl " storyline, Winick took over the writing on Batman for four issues. He co-wrote the 26-issue biweekly Justice League: Generation Lost with Keith Giffen ,

6392-406: The original airings; the syndicated series American Idol Rewind is an example of this strategy. COPS has had huge success in syndication, direct response sales, and DVD. A Fox staple since 1989, COPS has, as of 2013 (when it moved to cable channel Spike ), outlasted all competing scripted police shows. Another series that had wide success is Cheaters , which has been running since 2000 in

6486-408: The overall viewership tallies for eight consecutive years, from the 2003–2004 to the 2010–2011 television seasons. Another trend was to combine reality TV with a social history angle usually by having contestants taken back to various time periods primarily to see how millennials would cope without modern technology. Examples included The 1900 House , and Bad Lad's Army . In addition to those

6580-699: The reality television boom have been retroactively classified as reality television, including hidden camera shows, talent-search shows, documentary series about ordinary people, high-concept game shows, home improvement shows, and court shows featuring real-life cases and issues. Reality television has faced significant criticism since its rise in popularity. Critics argue that reality television shows do not accurately reflect reality, in ways both implicit (participants being placed in artificial situations), and deceptive (misleading editing, participants being coached on behavior, storylines generated ahead of time, scenes being staged). Some shows have been accused of rigging

6674-416: The results resembling soap operas – hence the terms docusoap and docudrama . Documentary-style programs give viewers a private look into the lives of the subjects. Within documentary-style reality television are several subcategories or variants: Although the term "docusoap" has been used for many documentary-style reality television shows, there have been shows that have deliberately tried to mimic

6768-493: The revamped MasterChef , among others. The 1980s and 1990s were also a time when tabloid talk shows became more popular. Many of these featured the same types of unusual or dysfunctional guests who would later become popular as cast members of reality shows. Reality television became globally popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s, with the successes of the Big Brother and Survivor / Expedition Robinson franchises. In

6862-520: The same name ) and The Mole (which was successful in other countries). But stronghold shows Survivor and American Idol continued to thrive: both topped the U.S. season-average television ratings in the 2000s. Survivor led the ratings in 2001–02 , and Idol has the longest hold on the No. 1 rank in the American television ratings , dominating over all other primetime programs and other television series in

6956-571: The season ended, Winick and Ling moved to Los Angeles to continue their relationship. By August 1994, Zamora's health began to decline. After being hospitalized, he asked Winick to substitute for him at a national AIDS education lecture. When Zamora died on November 11, 1994, Winick and Ling were at his bedside. Winick would continue Zamora's educational work for some time after that. Winick designed illustrations for The Complete Idiot's Guide to... series of books, and did over 300 of them, including that series’ computer-oriented line. A collection of

7050-541: The story entitled "Hate Crime" gained media recognition when Terry was brutally beaten in a homophobic attack . Winick was interviewed on Phil Donahue 's show on MSNBC for that storyline on August 15, 2002, and received two more GLAAD awards for his Green Lantern work. In 2003, Judd Winick left Green Lantern for another DC series, Green Arrow , beginning with issue #26 of that title (July 2003). He gained more media recognition for Green Arrow #43 (December 2004) in which he revealed that Green Arrow's 17-year-old ward,

7144-634: The top DVDs sold on Amazon.com . In the mid-2000s, DVDs of The Simple Life outranked scripted shows such as The O.C. and Desperate Housewives . Syndication, however, has been problematic; shows such as Fear Factor , COPS , and Wife Swap , in which each episode is self-contained, can be rerun fairly easily, but usually only on cable television or during the daytime ( COPS and America's Funniest Home Videos being exceptions). Season-long competitions, such as The Amazing Race , Survivor , and America's Next Top Model generally perform more poorly and usually must be rerun in marathons to draw

7238-401: The twist that judges could not see contestants during the initial audition round, and could judge them only by their voice. The show was an instant success, and spawned an entire franchise, The Voice , which has been highly successful, with almost 50 international adaptations. The Tester (2010–2012) was the first reality television show aired over a video game console. By 2012, many of

7332-497: The underlying stories are real. Another highly successful group of soap-opera-style shows is the Real Housewives franchise, which began with The Real Housewives of Orange County in 2006 and has since spawned nearly twenty other series, in the U.S. and internationally. The franchise has an older cast and different personal dynamics than that of Laguna Beach and its imitators, as well as lower production values, but similarly

7426-841: The use of higher-quality lighting and cameras, voice-over narration instead of on-screen "confessionals", and slower pacing. Laguna Beach led to several spinoff series, most notably the 2006–2010 series The Hills . It also inspired various other series, including the highly successful British series The Only Way Is Essex and Made in Chelsea , and the Australian series Freshwater Blue . Due to their dramatized feel, many of these shows have been accused of being pre-scripted, more so than other reality television shows have. The producers of The Only Way Is Essex and Made in Chelsea have admitted to coaching cast members on what to say in order to draw more emotion from each scene, although they insist that

7520-542: The voice actors alongside Susan Blu . Between September 2005 and March 2006, Winick wrote the four-issue Captain Marvel / Superman limited series, Superman/Shazam: First Thunder with art by Josh Middleton . Winick continued his work with the Marvel Family in a 12-issue limited series titled The Trials Of Shazam! , and continued his Green Arrow work with 2007's Green Arrow/Black Canary Wedding Special , which led to

7614-440: The wrinkle that the contestants were celebrities who remained masked until they were removed from the show, adding an element of guesswork to the competition. The two shows both spawned successful international franchises, I Can See Your Voice and Masked Singer , respectively. Masked Singer has been especially popular, with over 50 local adaptations; its American adaptation was the third highest-rated series overall of both

7708-514: Was HIV -positive, Winick gave what he thought was an enthusiastic, politically correct answer, despite reservations. Winick was accepted as a cast member on the show in January 1994. The producers informed the housemates that they would be living with someone who was HIV-positive, but they did not reveal who it was. Winick and his six castmates (Mohammed Bilal, Rachel Campos , Pam Ling , Cory Murphy, David "Puck" Rainey , and Pedro Zamora ) moved into

7802-659: Was a series consisting of archeologists and historians running a farm though various historical periods, most notably Victorian Farm . Internationally, a number of shows created in the late 1990s and 2000s have had massive global success. Reality-television franchises created during that time that have had more than 30 international adaptations each include the singing competition franchises Idols , Star Academy and The X Factor , other competition franchises Survivor/Expedition Robinson , Big Brother , The Biggest Loser , Come Dine with Me , Got Talent , Top Model , MasterChef , Project Runway and Dancing with

7896-540: Was an AIDS educator, and subsequently showed his scrapbook to Winick and the other housemates. Winick's Nuts and Bolts strip began running in the San Francisco Examiner in March of that year. Winick, who is Jewish , was offended at Rainey's decision to wear a T-shirt depicting four guns arranged in the shape of a swastika , and by Rainey's refusal to accede to Winick's request not to wear it. After filming of

7990-442: Was an Australian show that depicted a family, similar in concept to An American Family . The 1994–95 O. J. Simpson murder case , during which live network television followed suspect Simpson for 90 minutes being chased by police, has been described as a seminal moment in reality television. Networks interrupted their regular television programming for months for coverage of the trial and related events. Because of Simpson's status as

8084-442: Was criticized by some readers for its focus on Selina Kyle's sexuality, particularly scenes showing her sexual relationship with Batman. Winick responded that it was DC that desired this tone. Winick was the head writer on The Awesomes , an animated superhero comedy series created by Seth Meyers and Mike Shoemaker for Hulu . It debuted on August 1, 2013, and ended on November 3, 2015. In July 2012 Winick announced that he

8178-401: Was enabled by the advent of computer-based non-linear editing systems for video (such as produced by Avid Technology ) in 1989. These systems made it easy to quickly edit hours of video footage into a usable form, something that had been very difficult to do before (film, which was easy to edit, was too expensive to use in shooting enough hours on a regular basis). Sylvania Waters (1992)

8272-459: Was impacted in 2020 by the COVID-19 pandemic , which forced many reality competition series to suspend production (and in some cases curtail a competition already in progress, such as Canadian and Malayalam versions of Big Brother ), until such time that production could recommence with appropriate health and safety protocols approved by local authorities. Due to their quicker turnaround times,

8366-497: Was later produced in a large number of other countries as Survivor ), added to the Nummer 28 / Real World template the idea of competition and elimination. Cast members or contestants battled against each other and were removed from the show until only one winner remained (these shows are now sometimes called elimination shows). Changing Rooms , a program that began in the UK in 1996, showed couples redecorating each other's houses, and

8460-592: Was leaving Catwoman after issue #12, in order to create an all-ages, original graphic novel called Hilo (pronounced "High-Low"), a move that Winick explained was inspired a year or so prior when his then-seven-year-old son asked to read his work. Not having age-appropriate material for him, Winick gave him Jeff Smith 's Bone , which both father and son enjoyed, and decided to create an all-ages story that his son could read. The full color series, whose tone and visuals Winick describes as "part E.T. , part Doctor Who , part Peanuts and Calvin and Hobbes ", stars

8554-750: Was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in informational programming. COPS , which first aired in the spring of 1989 on Fox and was developed due to the need for new programming during the 1988 Writers Guild of America strike , showed police officers on duty apprehending criminals. It introduced the camcorder look and cinéma vérité feel of much of later reality television. The 1991 television documentary on "typical American high schoolers", Yearbook , focused on seniors attending Glenbard West High School, in Glen Ellyn , Illinois and broadcast prime-time on Fox . The series Nummer 28 , which aired on Dutch television in 1991, originated

8648-712: Was published in issues #9 and 10 of the same book. Road Trip went on to become an Eisner Award nominee for Best Sequential Story. Winick followed up with a three-issue miniseries , The Adventures of Barry Ween, Boy Genius , about a cynical, profane grade school whiz kid, who invents a myriad of futuristic devices that no one other than his best friend knows about. Barry Ween was published by Image Comics from March through May 1999, with two subsequent miniseries, The Adventures of Barry Ween, Boy Genius 2.0 and The Adventures of Barry Ween, Boy Genius: Monkey Tales (Retitled The Adventures of Barry Ween, Boy Genius 3 or The Adventures of Barry Ween, Boy Genius: Gorilla Warfare in

8742-484: Was responsible for bringing Jason Todd , the second character known as Batman's sidekick Robin , back from the dead, and making him the new Red Hood , the second such Batman villain by that name. That same year, Winick created an animated TV show named The Life and Times of Juniper Lee in 2005, which ran for three seasons on the Cartoon Network . Along with creating the show and the characters, he has also directed

8836-471: Was the first reality show with a self-improvement or makeover theme. The dating reality show Streetmate premiered in the UK in 1998. Originally created by Gabe Sachs as Street Match , it was a flop in the United States. But the show was revamped in the UK by Tiger Aspect Productions and became a cult hit. The production team from the original series later created the popular reality shows Strictly Come Dancing , Location, Location, Location , and

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