86-522: The Govett-Brewster Art Gallery is a contemporary art museum at New Plymouth , Taranaki , New Zealand. The gallery receives core funding from the New Plymouth District Council . Govett-Brewster is recognised internationally for contemporary art. The Govett-Brewster Art Gallery had its beginnings through a gift by New Plymouth resident Monica Brewster (nee Govett 1886–1973) who transferred £50,000 in stocks, funds, shares and securities to
172-518: A city in 1949. In 1989, as a part of the New Zealand-wide reorganisation of local government, New Plymouth City Council was merged with Taranaki District Council (Taranaki County Council and Waitara Borough merged in 1986), Inglewood District Council (Inglewood Borough and County merged in 1986), and Clifton County Council to form New Plymouth District Council. Every three years, the mayor, 14 councillors and 16 community board members are elected by
258-592: A committee consisting of Messrs. Bayly, Tutty and Smith. Annual subscriptions for members were set at 10s. The club colours were chosen to be the same as the Waitara Boating Club, "scarlet and white". The Waitara Soccer Club was first formed in 1905, and was originally based at the Pukekohe Domain (Camp Reserve), Browne Street, Waitara. The first match the club played was against the New Plymouth A.F.C. on
344-561: A conventional local body gallery and after touring the country saw that, “artists are where the action is.’ Maynard oversaw the Regent cinema building conversion by New Plymouth architect, Terry Boon and developed the collection policy that focused on new forms of art and sculpture fostering the development of artists from New Zealand and the Pacific Rim and allowed for the deaccessioning of unwanted items. The gallery opened on 22 February 1970 with
430-533: A family"). The city also won three awards at the 11th International Awards for Liveable Communities held in Dongguan, China, 6–10 November 2008: An 18 km (11 mi) railway link between New Plymouth and Waitara was completed in 1875; this later became the Waitara Branch . The next year, work began on a line south to Stratford , which was reached in 1879, followed by Hāwera in 1881. This line, known as
516-515: A lifelong passion for motion, energy and the possibility of composing them as a form of art. Lye's interests took him far from New Zealand; after sojourns in the South Pacific, Lye moved to London and then New York, where he became known as an intensely creative film-maker and kinetic sculptor. The Len Lye Centre was opened on 25 July 2015. This is the first gallery in New Zealand to be dedicated to
602-528: A partner 20 years later by Dow Chemicals of Michigan . The company ran a factory at Paritutu making the herbicide 2,4,5-T . A 2005 study found that people who lived close to the Ivon Watkins-Dow plant between 1962 and 1987 were likely to have dioxin levels on average four times higher than the general public. In some groups, the level was as much as seven times as high. A Public Health Medicine senior adviser has claimed that based on international findings,
688-633: A plant to manufacture smallgoods such as salami, sausages and hamburger patties on the site of the freezing works. However, AFFCO went to court to enforce a 20-year encumbrance which restricts meat processing and associated activities on the site. It succeeded in both the High Court and the Court of Appeal in preventing the new plant from opening, although an ANZCO subsidiary was allowed to continue using freezer and coolstore facilities there. The two companies are said to have reached an agreement. ANZCO now operates from
774-683: A refinery opened in 1913. Production ceased about 1972. The city was one of the original nine towns and cities in New Zealand to be supplied with natural gas when the Kapuni gas field in South Taranaki entered production in 1970. The offshore Maui A well began production of natural gas in the late 1970s, sparking a flourishing energy and petrochemical industry . As Maui A's resources decline, new sites in Taranaki are being developed in an effort to find more commercial petrochemical reserves. Powerco operates
860-435: A reputation as an events centre, with major festivals (the annual TSB Bank Festival of Lights, Taranaki Powerco Garden Spectacular, WOMAD and the biennial Taranaki Arts Festival), sports fixtures (including international rugby, surfing, cricket and tennis matches, and the annual ITU World Cup Triathlon) and concerts (from Sir Elton John , Jack Johnson , REM , John Farnham and Fleetwood Mac ). With its rich volcanic soil,
946-457: A roll of 241. It celebrated its 25th jubilee in 1999. Waitara Central School and Waitara East School are contributing primary (years 1–6) schools with rolls of 131 and 235, respectively. Waitara Central celebrated its 125th jubilee in 2000. St Joseph's School is a full primary (years 1–8) school with a roll of 67. It is a state integrated Catholic school. All these schools are coeducational. Rolls are as of August 2024. In 2020, Waitara
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#17328512996371032-560: A service centre for the farming sector, particularly to the north and northeast. Farming in the Waitara catchment includes dairying , beef cattle for meat, sheep for both meat and wool , fruit—mainly kiwifruit —other horticulture including tree and shrub nurseries , and poultry for meat and eggs. The original Waitara Cricket Club was formed in October 1878, with Mr. J. Elliot elected club captain. Mr L. Issit as secretary and treasurer and
1118-493: A sex ratio of 0.95 males per female. The median age was 40.8 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 11,220 people (19.6%) aged under 15 years, 9,831 (17.2%) aged 15 to 29, 25,251 (44.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 10,917 (19.1%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 84.9% European/Pākehā, 15.9% Māori, 2.4% Pacific peoples, 6.6% Asian, and 2.2% other ethnicities (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities). The proportion of people born overseas
1204-541: A single artist. The Govett-Brewster Art Gallery has received many awards. The Govett-Brewster has produced a number of notable or landmark exhibitions: The Govett-Brewster has produced publications to accompany many of its exhibitions alongside stand-alone texts. In 2016 the Govett-Brewster published Now Showing: A History of the Govett-Brewster Art Gallery outlining 45 years of exhibition making at
1290-529: A soap and candle factory, an iron foundry, a boat-building yard, two breweries, a wool-scouring plant and a tannery. From 1887 the economy of Waitara became dependent on the frozen meat trade – first to Great Britain and since the creation of the European Common Market, to Asian countries. Except for some very early shipments from Waitara, frozen meat was transported to the port of New Plymouth by rail. In 1902 Thomas Borthwick and Sons (Australasia) Ltd,
1376-466: A subsidiary of a UK company, bought the Waitara Freezing and Cold Storage Company plant at Waitara. Until 1998, the freezing works employed between 1000 and 1500 workers, by far the largest employer in a town with a population of between 3000 and 5000. In 1990, Borthwicks sold the Waitara works to AFFCO Holdings . In 1995 AFFCO closed the Waitara works with the consequent severe loss of employment in
1462-526: A surveyors' path to disrupt the surveying of land for sale. Between March and November 1848 Wiremu Kīngi , a Te Āti Awa chief who staunchly opposed the sale of land in the Waitara area, returned to the district from Waikanae with almost 600 men, women and children and some livestock to retake possession of the land. They established substantial cultivations of wheat, oats, maize and potatoes, selling it to settlers and also for export; his followers also laboured on settler farms. The Waitangi Tribunal noted that
1548-654: A trading post at Ngāmotu after arriving on the trading vessel Adventure . Barrett traded with the local Māori and helped negotiate the purchase of land from them on behalf of the New Zealand Company . Settlers were selected by the Plymouth Company, which was set up to attract emigrants from the West Country of England, and which took over land initially purchased by the New Zealand Company. The grid plan for
1634-463: A year later, followed by St Aubyn-Moturoa. By 1913, the town had a population of 7538. Seafront land was added in 1931 and 1941; land acquired on Omata Rd was added in 1955 and in 1960, large areas including land to the south of Paritutu, as well as Hurdon, Ferndale and Huatoki were included, as well as land straddling Mangorei Rd between the Henui Stream and Waiwakaiho River. New Plymouth was declared
1720-545: Is 5–6 °C (41–43 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,432 mm (56.4 in). On 15 August 2011 it snowed in New Plymouth, a rare event which has been described as a once in a generation occurrence. A New Plymouth site was named the sunniest in the country in 2021, recording 2592 sunshine hours. The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 created the New Plymouth Province , with a Provincial Council given jurisdiction over an area of 400,000ha. Five years later,
1806-455: Is a thermal power station with a steam turbine, commenced operation in 1974 with units progressively decommissioned from 2000 with one left operating in 2008. Companies began searching for oil on the New Plymouth coast in 1865 after small deposits of thick oil were found on the shoreline. The first commercial quantities of oil were obtained in January 1866. Exploration continued sporadically, and
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#17328512996371892-539: Is a 13 km path that forms an expansive sea-edge promenade stretching almost the entire length of the city, from the Bell Block mouth in the east to Port Taranaki in the west. The pathway includes the iconic Te Rewa Rewa Bridge and is ideal for walking, running, cycling or skating, or simply enjoying the view of the dramatic west coast. It has won numerous awards, including the Cycle Friendly Award in 2008 for
1978-584: Is a meeting ground for the Pukerangiora hapū of Te Āti Awa . In October 2020, the Government committed $ 300,080 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade the marae, creating 15 jobs. Ōwae or Manukorihi Marae features Te Ikaroa a Māui meeting house and is a marae of Te Āti Awa hapū of Manukorihi , Ngāti Rāhiri and Ngāti Te Whiti . In October 2020, the Government committed $ 360,002 to upgrade
2064-669: Is also the region's financial centre as the home of the TSB Bank (formerly the Taranaki Savings Bank), the largest of the remaining non-government New Zealand-owned banks. Notable features are the botanic garden (i.e. Pukekura Park ), the critically acclaimed Len Lye Centre and Art Gallery, the 13 km (8.1 mi) New Plymouth Coastal Walkway alongside the Tasman Sea, the Len Lye -designed 45-metre-tall (148 ft) artwork known as
2150-610: Is based at its hangar at Taranaki Base Hospital. Port Taranaki is the home port for HMNZS Endeavour , although the ship is based at the Devonport Naval Base on Auckland's North Shore . Waitara, New Zealand Waitara is a town in the northern part of the Taranaki region of the North Island of New Zealand. Waitara is located just off State Highway 3 , 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) northeast of New Plymouth . Waitara
2236-434: Is more than $ 188 million. The current mayor of New Plymouth is Neil Holdom. New Plymouth's City Ward, which covers 111.33 km (42.98 sq mi), had a population of 57,219 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 4,347 people (8.2%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 7,824 people (15.8%) since the 2006 census . There were 22,269 households. There were 27,870 males and 29,346 females, giving
2322-447: Is staffed by two crews (8 firefighters) 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and responds, not only to the city, but to surrounding areas if needed. New Plymouth West Volunteer Fire Brigade is based west of the city in the suburb of Spotswood. The volunteer station houses a single appliance, but is close to Port Taranaki and LPG/Gas tanks. The brigade supports New Plymouth and surrounding satellite towns. Police stations are scattered throughout
2408-522: Is the major city of the Taranaki region on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand . It is named after the English city of Plymouth , in Devon , from where the first English settlers to New Plymouth migrated. The New Plymouth District , which includes New Plymouth City and several smaller towns, is the 10th largest district (out of 67) in New Zealand, and has a population of 90,000 – about two-thirds of
2494-561: The Wind Wand , Paritutu Rock, and views of Mount Taranaki . New Plymouth was awarded the most liveable city (for a population between 75,000–150,000) by the International Awards for Liveable Communities in 2021. In 2023, New Plymouth was awarded New Zealand's most beautiful small city by Keep New Zealand Beautiful. It also won multiple awards in 2008. The city was in 2010 chosen as one of two walking & cycling "Model Communities" by
2580-554: The 2013 census , and an increase of 627 people (10.0%) since the 2006 census . There were 2,613 households, comprising 3,369 males and 3,543 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.95 males per female, with 1,512 people (21.9%) aged under 15 years, 1,311 (19.0%) aged 15 to 29, 2,799 (40.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,296 (18.7%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 72.4% European/ Pākehā , 43.1% Māori , 3.5% Pacific peoples , 1.5% Asian , and 1.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
2666-486: The First Taranaki War . From west to east New Plymouth has an oceanic climate that could be described as a moist, temperate climate. The average summer afternoon temperature is 21–22 °C (70–72 °F); the average summer night-time temperature is 12–13 °C (54–55 °F). The city experiences mild winters, where the average afternoon temperature is 13–14 °C (55–57 °F) and night-time temperature
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2752-626: The Marton - New Plymouth Line , was completed on 23 March 1885, and when the Wellington - Manawatu Line of the Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company was opened on 3 November 1886, a direct railway link was established to Wellington. The original routing through the centre of the town was replaced in 1907 by an alignment along the foreshore, which remains today. The New Plymouth Express passenger train began operating on this route in December 1886. In 1926, it
2838-412: The 1840s and 1850s viewed nearby Waitara as the most valuable of Taranaki's coastal lands because of its fertile soil and superior harbour. The New Zealand Company drew up plans for settlement from New Plymouth to beyond Waitara, and sold blocks to immigrants despite a lack of proof that the company's initial purchase of the land had been legitimate. The company claimed that Te Āti Awa had either abandoned
2924-647: The Auckland service was truncated to terminate in Taumarunui from 1971; and the Wellington service was cancelled on 30 July 1977. On 11 February 1978, the Taumarunui railcar was replaced by a passenger train, but it was ultimately cancelled on 21 January 1983. Since this date, the only passenger trains to operate to New Plymouth have been infrequent excursions operated by railway preservation societies. The breakwater at Ngamotu
3010-461: The City of New Plymouth in 1962. The fund was to establish and develop a public art gallery (in 1970, the year the gallery eventually opened, she would make a second bequest for £72,000 to start a permanent art collection). In 1967 a 24 year old Australian teacher John Maynard arrived in New Plymouth having been appointed director to develop a contemporary art gallery. Maynard had no interest in setting up
3096-715: The Government with the intention of it being passed to Te Āti Awa as part of the Waitangi Treaty settlement. That process was blocked by the High Court in November 2005 after a challenge by the Waitara Leaseholders Association. Association members, each of whom owns a house but leases the (once confiscated) land on which it stands, want to own the land freehold . In September 1990 the Waitangi Tribunal began hearing 21 Treaty of Waitangi claims concerning
3182-596: The Len Lye Foundation Collection along with a dedicated education space. The Len Lye Centre is an extension to the Govett-Brewster, built to display the works of Len Lye . It was designed by Andrew Patterson of Pattersons Associates, New Zealand. It is home to the archives and studio collection of the Len Lye Foundation. Born in Christchurch in 1901 and largely self-educated, Len Lye was driven by
3268-464: The New Plymouth District's enrolled voters. The full council, sub-committees and standing committees meet on a six-weekly cycle. The Policy and Monitoring standing committees have delegated authority from the council to make final decisions on certain matters, and they make recommendations to the council on all others. The four community boards–Clifton, Waitara, Inglewood and Kaitake–as well as
3354-470: The Taranaki district. Much of the tribunal's investigation focused on events around Waitara from 1840 to 1859. The tribunal presented its report to the Government in June 1996, noting: "The Taranaki claims could be the largest in the country. There may be no others where as many Treaty breaches had equivalent force and effect over a comparable time. For the Taranaki hapu, conflict and struggle have been present since
3440-528: The Waitangi Tribunal concluded there was no evidence he had engaged in hostilities after 1861. In 1884 the Government returned as "Native reserves" 103,000 hectares of the 526,000 hectares of Taranaki land it had confiscated, although the land remained in government control. By 1990 half of the "reserves" had been sold to Pākehā settlers by the Native Trustee without reference to Maori. The remainder
3526-543: The afternoon of 18 May 1905. Waitara took the lead early in the match, then New Plymouth scored three answered goals for a 3–1 victory. In its first season in the Taranaki Championship, the club won the Julian Cup. Waitara High School is the only secondary (years 9–13) school in Waitara with a roll of 415. The school celebrated 60 years in 2007. Manukorihi Intermediate is an intermediate (years 7–8) school with
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3612-509: The best New Zealand cycle facility. Centre City Shopping Centre is the only shopping mall in New Plymouth. It contains over 65 shops and services. New Plymouth won the award for the most liveable city (for a population between 75,000–150,000) by the International Awards for Liveable Communities in 2021. New Plymouth won the Top Town award from North and South Magazine in 2008 (judged "the best place in New Zealand to live, love, work and raise
3698-515: The borough of Waitara in 1904. Prior to European colonisation, Waitara lay on the main overland route between the Waikato and Taranaki districts. Vestiges of numerous pā on all strategic heights in the district indicate close settlement and closely contested possession, just before and in early European times, by various tribes. Whalers and sealers , who had come from the northern hemisphere, gained help from and formed relationships with local Māori in
3784-590: The city is well known for its gardens. Chief among them are the 52 ha Pukekura Park in the centre of the city (named a Garden of National Significance), and Pukeiti , a rhododendron garden of international significance high on the Pouakai Range . Pukekura Park is also the home of the TSB Bank Festival of Lights , which runs for free every year from mid-December to early February. It has daytime and night-time programmes of events for people of all ages, and
3870-457: The city, with the main base at a modern police station on Powderham Street. Other suburban stations are located in Fitzroy, Westown and Bell Block. St John Ambulance supplies all ambulance services to Taranaki, with their main station based at Taranaki Base Hospital. The Taranaki Rescue Helicopter Trust provides search, rescue and patient transfer missions when required. The MBB/Kawasaki BK 117
3956-461: The community. The dispute ultimately led to the outbreak of war in Waitara on 17 March 1860, when 500 troops began a bombardment of Kingi's Te Kohia pā, which had been built two days' prior. By the end of March, of the four kāinga in the Pekapeka block (Te Whanga, Kuikui, Hurirapa and Wherohia), only Hurirapa, the community led by Ihaia and Teira, remained. Imperial troops established Camp Waitara to
4042-448: The dullest hole in the colony ... nothing whatever to do there... I find a great liking for this 'slow, old hole' ... it is a quiet, unassuming place and has not done so much to attract immigrants and settlers by exaggerating reports, as some districts have done." The Fitzroy Town District was merged with New Plymouth borough in August 1911; Vogeltown, Frankleigh Park and Westown were added
4128-453: The earlier Waitara purchase, abandoning all claims to it, and instead created a plan for the confiscation of greater tracts of land under new laws, supposedly as a reprisal for the Oakura killings. In 1865 the Pekapeka block that had been at the heart of the initial dispute with Kingi was confiscated – therefore finding its way back into government control – on the basis that Kingi was at war, though
4214-488: The early 19th-century, but the area was largely vacated in the 1820s and 1830s following warfare between the resident Te Āti Awa iwi (tribe) and those of iwi from north Auckland down to the Waikato . Some Te Āti Awa were taken to Waikato as prisoners and slaves, but most migrated to the Cook Strait area in pursuit of guns and goods from whalers and traders. Pākehā settlers who came to New Plymouth (founded in 1841) in
4300-443: The elected members and the public, implement council decisions and manage the district's day-to-day operations. This includes everything from maintaining more than 280 parks and reserves, waste water management and issuing consents and permits, through to providing libraries and other recreational services and ensuring the district's eateries meet health standards. New Plymouth District Council's annual operating revenue for 2008/2009
4386-522: The exhibition Real Time by Leon Narby . Art critic Hamish Keith described the installation as, 'setting New Zealand art off to the kind of start it should have in the Seventies… Real Time has as its basic mechanism real life, and that itself is a major breakthrough.’ The gallery opened an extension designed by New Plymouth firm Boon Cox Goldsmith Jackson in 1998. The extension was principally undertaken to provide exhibition and storage space for
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#17328512996374472-627: The festival itself transforms the park into an illuminated wonderland every evening. Next to the foreshore in the central city is Puke Ariki – the world's first purpose-built, fully integrated museum, library and information centre. Nearby is the Govett-Brewster Art Gallery , a contemporary art museum. It includes the Len Lye Centre , a purpose-built extension to the museum that houses the collection of filmmaker and kinetic artist Len Lye , which opened in 2015. The Coastal Walkway
4558-417: The first European settlement in 1841 ... Taranaki Maori were dispossessed of their land, leadership, means of livelihood, personal freedom, and social structure and values. As Maori, they were denied their rights of autonomy, and as British subjects, their civil rights were removed. For decades, they were subjected to sustained attacks on their property and persons." In its report, the tribunal observed that to
4644-668: The gallery. The publication was edited by Christina Barton, Jonathan Bywater and Wystan Curnow with essays by Barton, Curnow, Jim and Mary Barr, Rhana Devenport , and a foreword by then director, Simon Rees. Now Showing also included ‘Forty Five Moments’, a selection of illustrated highlights from the previous 45 years of gallery activities with accompanying texts by Paul Brobbel, Tyler Cann, Susette Goldsmith, Simon Rees and Mercedes Vicente. Other notable releases include: 39°3′31″S 174°4′11″E / 39.05861°S 174.06972°E / -39.05861; 174.06972 New Plymouth New Plymouth ( Māori : Ngāmotu )
4730-554: The government. Based on New Plymouth's already positive attitude towards cyclists and pedestrians, the city received $ 3.71m to invest into infrastructure and community programmes to boost walking and cycling. The area where New Plymouth was founded had for centuries been the home for several Māori iwi (tribes). From about 1823, the Māori began having contact with European whalers as well as traders who arrived by schooner to buy flax . In 1828 Richard "Dicky" Barrett (1807–47) set up
4816-420: The group allegedly eventually owned 150 horses and up to 300 head of cattle. Despite Kingi's opposition however, payments were made by government agents secretly to Maori individuals for prospective sales of land in the Waitara area, prompting spates of violence between those supporting and opposing land sales. In 1857 the issue came to a head with the offer for sale of land at Waitara and at Turangi, further to
4902-514: The land or lost possession of it, owing to conquest by Waikato Māori. (The Land Claims Commission later upheld this view, but subsequently Governor Robert FitzRoy (in office 1843–1845) rejected it, as did the Waitangi Tribunal in 1996.) Tensions between settlers and local Māori began as early as July 1842, when settlers who had taken up land north of the Waitara River were driven from their farms. A year later 100 men, women and children sat in
4988-575: The lives of 32 Imperial troops and of five Māori. A major British sapping operation at the strongly defended Te Arei pā up the Waitara River began in February 1861, but was abandoned when a ceasefire was effected the following month. As a result of this operation, Colour Sergeant John Lucas was awarded the Victoria Cross . In May 1863 war resumed in Taranaki. The government immediately renounced
5074-517: The local electricity and natural gas distribution networks in the city. Electricity is supplied from Transpower 's national grid at two substations: Carrington Street (Brooklands) and Huirangi. Natural gas is supplied from First Gas 's transmission system at a gate station in Bell Block. Among the city's major industrial companies was Ivon Watkins-Dow, an agricultural chemicals company founded in 1944 by brothers Ivon, Harry and Dan Watkins and joined as
5160-447: The marae and another marae, creating 15 jobs. Waitara covers 6.09 km (2.35 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 7,680 as of June 2024, with a population density of 1,261 people per km . Before the 2023 census, the town had a smaller boundary, covering 5.66 km (2.19 sq mi). Using that boundary, Waitara had a population of 6,918 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 435 people (6.7%) since
5246-443: The name of the province changed to Taranaki Province . The province was abolished in 1876. A Town Board was formed in 1863 and in August 1876, the town was constituted as a borough. Its new status did little to overcome some outside perceptions, however. In 1876, author E. W. Payton wrote that "all the great bustling 'cities' of the colony had a patronising way of trying to snub New Plymouth, referring to it in such derogatory terms as
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#17328512996375332-410: The north, by two individuals, Īhāia Te Kirikūmara and a minor chief, Pokikake Te Teira. Teira's 600-acre (240 hectare) Waitara block, located on the west side of the Waitara River and known as the Pekapeka block, became the focal point of a dispute between the colonial government (chiefly representing settlers) and Māori over the right of individuals to sell land that Māori custom regarded as owned by
5418-408: The offence of local Maori, many street names in Waitara honoured the architects of the illegal land confiscation, including chief crown purchasing agent Donald McLean , Land Purchase Commissioner Robert Parris, Governor Thomas Gore Browne and military officers Charles Emilius Gold and Peter Cracroft. It said: "It is our view that name changes are needed. It is when leaders like Kingi, who understood
5504-408: The path of a dart to find his father Ngarue. Another is that Turi named it from his wide stride when crossing the water of the river. Another is that Turi named it Waitarangia because the coldness of the water affected his skin. Yet another is that it means "mountain stream". In 1867 the settlement was named Raleigh, after Sir Walter Raleigh . It reverted to its former name with the establishment of
5590-543: The prerequisites for peace, are similarly memorialised on the land and embedded in public consciousness that those names will cease to stand for conquest and the Waitara war will end." In November 1999 the New Zealand Government signed a Heads of Agreement with Te Āti Awa to settle its claims, a process that would provide financial compensation and an apology for the confiscation of land. Waitara has two marae. Kairau Marae features Te Hungaririki meeting house, and
5676-571: The process uneconomical at the time. Motunui has the two largest wooden structures in the southern hemisphere and they are only exceeded in size, anywhere in the world, by the Buddhist temple Tōdai-ji in Nara , Japan . The Motunui plant was closed in December 2004, and restarted in 2008. An onshore production facility for the Pohokura oilfield has been built immediately adjacent to it. The town continues to be
5762-569: The racecourse in 1920 and commercial flights began using the airport at Bell Block in June 1937. During World War II, this grass airfield became RNZAF Bell Block ; and was replaced in 1966 by the current tarmac airport , 3 km (1.9 mi) NE of the old airport site. New Plymouth has two fire stations in the city, with the central station a block away from the CBD. The station houses four fire appliances, including an aerial appliance, along with three specialist vehicles. New Plymouth Central Fire Station
5848-435: The reef". Two large petrochemical plants are now the most important industrial activity in Waitara. The Waitara Valley plant is dedicated to production of methanol from natural gas (about 1500 tonnes per day). The Motunui plant, originally designed to produce synthetic petrol from methanol was modified to produce chemical grade methanol for export. The high cost of synthetic petrol production and low market prices made
5934-521: The residents' exposure to dioxin may cause increased rates of disease, in particular cancer. In March 2007, the Ministry of Health announced it would offer a major health support programme to anyone affected. In April 2008, the Ministry clarified that the programme's main feature would be a free annual medical check up for those who had lived, worked or studied close to the factory. New Plymouth District has
6020-405: The river has a bar at its entrance which can only be crossed at high tide. With the development of a breakwater at the port in New Plymouth, and the railway to New Plymouth the Waitara port quickly became unimportant. Construction of a railway line between Waitara and New Plymouth began in August 1873. By the time the line opened on 14 October 1875, the town had a harbour board, two printing houses,
6106-414: The site, and has become one of the major employers in the township. Although the freezing works had been the economic backbone of Waitara, for over 75 years the plants had discharged blood, waste and effluent from the slaughter houses, chains and tanneries directly into the Waitara River, less than 3 km from the sea, well within the tidal zone. Even after an ocean outfall was built in collaboration with
6192-486: The south of the Pekapeka block, at the former location of Pukekohe pā, which became the base of the 40th Regiment , and was one of the largest redoubts in the country. The war, in which 2,300 Imperial troops fought about 1,400 Māori, ran for 12 months before a ceasefire was negotiated. Later campaigns during the war included the major British defeat in the Battle of Puketakauere, close to Te Kohia pā, on 27 June 1860 which cost
6278-496: The subcommittees and working parties can make recommendations to the standing committees for them to consider. The third standing committee, the Hearings Commission, is a quasi-judicial body that meets whenever a formal hearing is required–for instance, to hear submissions on a publicly notified resource consent application. The Chief Executive and approximately 460 full-time equivalent staff provide advice and information to
6364-507: The total population of the Taranaki Region and 1.7% of New Zealand's population. This includes New Plymouth City (60,100), Waitara (7,680), Inglewood (3,960), Ōakura (1,720), Ōkato (561) and Urenui (429). The city itself is a service centre for the region's principal economic activities, including intensive pastoral activities (mainly dairy farming ) as well as oil , natural gas and petrochemical exploration and production. It
6450-401: The town council's sewerage system, at Waitangi Tribunal hearings in Waitara, local Maori gave evidence that they had "…historic associations with the coastline in this area and depend upon the sea resources to provide them with the diet to which they have been accustomed for many centuries…..thus the contamination of one reef would deprive hapu which customarily was entitled to the sea food from
6536-499: The town's streets was laid out by surveyor Frederic Carrington . The first of the town's settlers arrived on the William Bryan , which anchored off the coast on 31 March 1841. A series of disputes over ownership and settlement of land developed between Māori and settlers soon after and New Plymouth became a fortified garrison town in 1860–1861 as more than 3500 Imperial soldiers, as well as local volunteers and militia, fought Māori in
6622-513: The town. The shutdown followed the closure of a Swanndri clothing factory, a small-scale but locally significant Subaru car assembly plant and a wool scouring plant. The number of registered unemployed in the town rose from 700 to 1000, helping to boost the unemployment rate for the Taranaki region, which includes New Plymouth and Waitara, to 9.8 percent, compared with the national average of 6.7 percent. The loss of jobs affected Maori workers disproportionately because they were heavily represented in
6708-408: The work's labour force. Maori were 3.4 times more likely than non-Maori to be living in a "deprived" situation. After the closure, the majority of buildings making up the Waitara freezing works were demolished, significantly changing the townscape (the area on the right on the far side of the river in the image of Waitara below, was the site of the freezing works). ANZCO Foods Group subsequently built
6794-480: Was 18.1%, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people objected to giving their religion, 50.7% had no religion, 37.3% were Christian, 1.1% were Hindu, 0.7% were Muslim, 0.6% were Buddhist and 2.4% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 8,880 (19.3%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 8,919 (19.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $ 30,500, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
6880-560: Was 6.3, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 54.9% had no religion, 30.4% were Christian , 2.0% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.2% were Hindu , 0.1% were Muslim , 0.2% were Buddhist and 1.4% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 342 (6.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 1,821 (33.7%) people had no formal qualifications. 339 people (6.3%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
6966-847: Was augmented by the Taranaki Flyer for the run between New Plymouth and Wanganui, A direct railway route to Auckland was not established until 1932, when the Stratford–Okahukura Line was completed; the next year, when the line was handed over from the Public Works Department to the New Zealand Railways Department , the New Plymouth Night Express began operating to Auckland. All carriage trains were replaced by RM class Standard and 88 seater railcars by 1956. The Wanganui service ceased in 1959;
7052-520: Was completed in 1883, providing safe berthage for vessels, and the Moturoa wharf was completed in 1888. Port Taranaki is a critical transport link for the region and the only deep water port on the west coast of New Zealand. In 1916, the city's electric tramway system began, and petrol-powered buses began running four years later. The tramway system was closed in 1954. It was replaced by trolley buses, which operated until 1967. The first aircraft landed at
7138-606: Was leased to settlers with Maori receiving only a "peppercorn" rental return. The Pekapeka Block – which had been the catalyst of the Taranaki Wars and, by extension, the policy of land confiscation – was divided up and given as endowments, or gifts, to the Waitara Borough Council and Taranaki Harbours Board. In 1989 the land was transferred to the New Plymouth District Council , which in turn voted in March 2004 to sell it to
7224-462: Was that 2,298 (42.5%) people were employed full-time, 657 (12.2%) were part-time, and 351 (6.5%) were unemployed. The first port in Taranaki to engage in international trade was Waitara, in 1823, when the barque William Stoveld anchored in the river mouth and traded with Māori. With the establishment of the freezing works in 1872 the river port became even more important to the Province . However
7310-584: Was that 21,486 (46.7%) people were employed full-time, 7,098 (15.4%) were part-time, and 1,755 (3.8%) were unemployed. Electric power was first provided in January 1906 from the Mangorei power station alongside the Waiwhakaiho River near Burgess Park. In the 1960s, the New Plymouth Power Station was initially designed to run on coal but constructed to be fuelled by natural gas or fuel oil. This
7396-483: Was the site of the outbreak of the Taranaki Wars in 1860 following the attempted purchase of land for British settlers from its Māori owners. Disputes over land that was subsequently confiscated by the Government continue to this day. There are several different stories regarding the origin of the name Waitara . One is that it was originally Whai-tara – "path of the dart" – so named because Whare Matangi followed
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