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105-560: In October 1910 , the Portuguese monarchy that had long ruled the territory of Portuguese Goa was overthrown, leading to the establishment of a republican government . This political transition marked the end of religious discrimination that had existed under the previous Portuguese colonial regime . Following these changes, in 1912 a group of nine prominent residents of the Goan town of Margão founded an organization which would be later called

210-615: A Portuguese flag in Kuito , Angola, after failed negotiations with the locals, under orders of Paiva Couceiro , which he attributed to the ultimatum . The death of the well-known explorer of the African continent generated a wave of national sentiment, and his funeral was followed by a crowd in Porto. On 11 April, Guerra Junqueiro 's poetic work Finis Patriae , a satire criticising the King, went on sale. In

315-570: A barracks with dozens of members of the Carbonária , the naval officer went on with about 100 soldiers that entered the 1st Artillery Regiment, where Captain Afonso Palla and a few sergeants and civilians, had already taken the administration building and captured all officers that refused to join them. With the arrival of Machado Santos two columns were formed which were placed under the leadership of captains Sá Cardoso and Palla. The first went to meet

420-403: A cape and take out a carbine [...]. When I saw [him] [...] aiming at the carriage I realised, unfortunately, what it was. My God, the horror of what then happened! Soon after Buíça opened fire [...] started a perfect shooting, like a fight among beasts. The Palace Square was deserted, not a soul! This is what I find hardest to forgive João Franco... D. Manuel II The Royal Family was in

525-473: A diverse range of lecture series and events, reflecting the evolving interests and concerns of the local community. In the 1920s, a substantial number of academic talks centered on themes related to Hinduism , societal upheavals , and cultural intricacies. This shifted in the 1930s, with a greater emphasis on economic matters, such as employment and industrial development . The 1940s saw a significant focus on language issues, with discussions and discourses on

630-542: A few sailors left the São Rafael . After some gunfire from which a lieutenant and a ship commander became wounded, the officers gave up control of the D. Carlos I , yielding it to the hands of the republicans. That was the last unit to join the rebels, which included by then part of the 1st Artillery Regiment, 16th Infantry Regiment, the naval corps and the three warships. Navy members had joined in large numbers as expected, but many military sections considered sympathizers with

735-408: A pivotal role in preserving and promoting the unique cultural identity of Goa and became a significant institution in the educational and cultural landscape of the region. Gomant Vidya Niketan (GVN) underwent renovations and expansions in the years leading up to its 100th anniversary in 2012. The renovations aimed to modernize and enhance the organization's facilities. One key aspect of the renovations

840-524: A red and green flag belonging to the Federal Democratic Centre. The movement was, shortly afterwards, suppressed by a military detachment of the municipal guard that remained loyal to the government, resulting in 40 injured and 12 casualties. The captured rebels were judged. 250 received sentences of between 18 months and 15 years of exile in Africa. A Portuguesa was forbidden. Despite its failure,

945-401: A reduced escort, to demonstrate normality. While greeting the crowds present in the square, the carriage was struck by several shots. One of the carbine bullets hit the king's neck, killing him immediately. More shots followed, fatally wounding the prince . The queen defended herself with a bouquet of flowers offered by the people, which she used to hit one of the attackers who had climbed onto

1050-561: A revolt and capture the commanders, one of whom was wounded. The aim of this action was to prevent the exit of the cavalry unit of the Municipal Guard, an aim that was achieved. For this end, they required the support of 3 warships anchored in the Tagus. By this time, Lieutenant Mendes Cabeçadas had already taken command of the mutinied crew of the NRP Adamastor while the mutinied crew of

1155-453: A situation of impasse throughout 4 October, with all manner of rumours about victories and defeats spreading through the city. As soon as news of the concentration of rebels in Rotunda were received, the military command of the city organised a detachment to break them up. The column, under the command of Colonel Alfredo Albuquerque, was formed by units that had been removed from the protection of

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1260-552: A small number of people. Hindi is also spoken and understood by a majority of the city's population as a language to converse with non-konkani, non-English speaking people. The dialect of Konkani in South Goa differs notably from that spoken in North Goa. Marathi is also understood to a significant level. A sizeable fraction of the flower and vegetable merchants converse in Kannada . Margao

1365-408: A suburb of Margao. Alternatively, Margão may be derived from Mharuganv (village of demons), or Maravile , Portuguese for “marvellous village.” Prior to Portuguese rule, Margao was an important settlement and known as Maṭhagrāma (the village of monasteries) as it enshrined nine mathas in temple schools. Its replacement in 1579 was destroyed by raiders. The present church was built in 1675. While

1470-724: A system of rotating governments in which the Progressive and Regenerator Parties kept alternating in government. The king, as arbiter of the system under the Constitution, had designated João Franco as the president of the Council of Ministers (government chief). João Franco, dissident of the Regenerator Party, convinced the king to dissolve the parliament so that he could implement a series of measures with an aim to moralise Portuguese politics. This decision irritated not only republicans but

1575-570: Is 64 km away. Madgaon railway station is a railway junction positioned at the intersection of the Konkan Railway and the South Western Railway ( Guntakal–Vasco da Gama section ) and is Goa's busiest. Due to its location and connectivity, the station is often used as a transit stop by many people who either head off down south to popular tourist destinations such as Palolem (38 km) or to Benaulim and Colva . Margao hosted

1680-584: Is a time when many residents make pre-monsoon purchases to stock up for a prolonged rainy season. Just within walking distance of the Holy Spirit Church, is the famous "House of Seven Gables" or "Sat Burzam Ghor". This magnificent mansion was built by Inacio Sebastiao da Silva, emissary and private secretary of the Portuguese Viceroy, in 1790. Today, only three of the seven gables remain. The family church with its Baroque and Rococo workmanship, exhibits

1785-456: Is connected to other cities such as Panvel , Ratnagiri , Sawantwadi , and Panaji to its north, and Karwar , Bhatkal , Shiroor , Mangaluru , Kasaragod , Kozhikode , Kochi , Thiruvananthapuram , and Kanyakumari to its south. At Panvel, at the junction with National Highway 48 , it connects to Mumbai . Also, there is road which connects Margao to Ponda , São José de Areal , Sanvordem , Chandor, and other towns of Goa state. Margao

1890-638: Is known of the Fiscal Guard (a total of 1397 men), only that a few soldiers were with the troops in Rossio. The civil police (total of 1200 men) stayed in their barracks. This inaction decreased the effective government forces by approximately 2600 men. The fact that some units of the monarchical side sympathised with the republicans, combined with the abandonment by the rebels of the original plan of action, opting instead for entrenchment in Rotunda and Alcântara , led to

1995-477: Is located approximately 33 km (21 mi) from the capital Panjim , and 25 km (16 mi) from Dabolim Airport , 560 kilometres (350 mi) south of Mumbai. Margao is home to many schools and colleges, the alumni of which have made significant contributions to Goa's cultural and scientific landscape. Most schools function in accordance with the curriculum prescribed by the Directorate of Education and

2100-726: Is now reconstituted into Margao Municipal Council. The Members of the Câmara Municipal de Salcete were then nominated by the Government, but after the reconstitution of the Municipal Council, the Members to all the 25 wards (13 in Margao & 12 in Fatorda) are elected by the Members of the council. Margao's importance as an administrative and commercial area grew with the increasing dependence of

2205-406: Is only one that fulfills their duty, this only one will be me."). Machado Santos had already got into action and did not attend the assembly. Instead, he went to the military quarters of the 16th Infantry Regiment where a revolutionary corporal had triggered a rebellion involving the majority of the garrison. A commander and a captain were killed when they made an attempt to control it. Entering

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2310-539: Is part of Margao (Goa Assembly constituency) and South Goa (Lok Sabha constituency) . The city is also claimed as the cultural capital of Goa . A cultural center named 'Ravindra Bhavan' was inaugurated by the then Chief Minister of Goa, Digambar Kamat in July 2008 at Fatorda which is also one of the official venues for the International Film Festival of India . Margao also has Goa's biggest sports stadium,

2415-555: Is the Portuguese spelling, with Madgaon being used in Konkani . The etymology of the name has been debated, with theories ranging from the name having evolved from the pre-colonial Mahargao (village of Mahars, a community of weavers) to being derived from the Sanskrit मठग्राम (Maṭhagrāma, a village of monasteries) owing to the shrines of Matsyendranath and Gorakhnath in Ravanphond, now

2520-476: The 1890 British Ultimatum , the royal family's expenses, the assassination of the King and his heir in 1908 , changing religious and social views, instability of the two political parties ( Progressive and Regenerator ), the dictatorship of João Franco , and the regime's apparent inability to adapt to modern times all led to widespread resentment against the Monarchy. The proponents of the republic, particularly

2625-739: The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations and Central Board of Secondary Education are highly sought after. The other educational institutes in Margao include St.Joseph High School at Aquem, Govt. High School Vidyanagar, Holy Spirit Institute, Presentation Convent High School, Fatima Convent High School, Perpetual Convent High School located in Navelim, and Popular High School in Comba near police station. The colleges in Margao include The Parvatibai Chowgule College which

2730-782: The Ducal Palace in Vila Viçosa in Alentejo , where they had spent time hunting, the King Dom Carlos I and his eldest son and heir-apparent, Luís Filipe , Prince Royal of Portugal were assassinated in Lisbon's Commerce Square . The attack occurred after a progressive decline of the Portuguese political system, effective since the Regeneration , due in part by the political erosion stemming from

2835-522: The Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa , but the events led the king to bring forward his return to Lisbon, taking a train from the station of Vila Viçosa on the morning of 1 February. The royal escort arrived in Barreiro in the evening where, to cross the Tagus , it took a steam boat to Terreiro do Paço in Lisbon, at around 5pm. Despite the atmosphere of great tension, the king chose to continue in an open carriage , with

2940-723: The Goa Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education .The oldest, the Loyola High School (Goa) near the Old Bus Stand, is a Jesuit -run school. Other schools include Bhatikar Model English High School (established in 1935) named after its founder Late Pandurang Raya Bhatikar and Mahila & Nutan High School which was established as Samaj Seva Sangh's Mahila Vidyalay for girls in 1933 and started co-ed intake in June 1972. Manovikas English Medium School and Vidya Vikas Academy affiliated to

3045-504: The Marathi and Konkani languages , the latter being widely spoken in Goa. This linguistic focus continued to be a prominent feature of the institution's programming in the post-liberation era. After the territories of Goa, Daman, and Diu were liberated in 1961 , the institution underwent a renaming to Gomant Vidhya Niketan, underscoring to the cultural heritage of the region. In the latter half of

3150-531: The Mercado de Afonso de Albuquerque which roughly translates to closed market and colloquially known as "Pimplapedd" or "Pimpalakatta", the municipal building ( Câmara Municipal ), the municipal garden named after benefactor Prince Aga Khan, Anna Fonte (natural springs), Old Market or Mercado Velho , Holy Spirit Church, grand colonial mansions such as the Seven Gables House, the chapel at Monte Hill. Some of

3255-505: The Pink Map . The swift compliance by the government to the British demands was seen as a national humiliation by a broad cross-section of the population and the elite. This ramified deep dissatisfaction with the new king, Carlos I of Portugal , the royal family and the institution of the monarchy, all of which were seen as responsible for the alleged process of "national decline". The situation

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3360-494: The São Rafael waited for an officer to command it. At about 7am Ladislau Parreira, having been informed by civilians of the situation, sent the Second-Lieutenant Tito de Morais to take command of the São Rafael , with orders for both ships to support the garrison of the barracks. When it became known that on the ship D. Carlos I the crew had begun a mutiny but the officers had entrenched, Lieutenant Carlos da Maia and

3465-403: The "cool" from December to February when it is usually ranges fron 15 to 28 °C (59.0 to 82.4 °F). From June to September the monsoon brings extremely heavy rainfall, oppresive humidity and gusty winds. The annual average rainfall is 2,881 mm (113.4 in). Religion in Margao (2011) As of the 2011 census of India , Margao had a population of 87,650. Males constituted 51% of

3570-486: The 20th century, the institution emerged as a vibrant center for cultural activities, hosting a wide range of talks, exhibitions, and classical music concerts, primarily focused on the Konkani and Marathi languages and traditions. The institution's facilities include a library on the ground floor and an amphitheater upstairs, which have served as hubs for intellectual discourse and artistic expression. Gomant Vidya Niketan played

3675-480: The 2nd Infantry Regiment and the 2nd Caçadores Regiment, also sympathisers of the rebellion, to go on to Alcântara where it was to support the naval barracks. The original route intersected with a Municipal Guard outpost which forced the column to follow a different route. After a few confrontations with the police and civilians, it finally found the column led by Palla. Together, the columns advanced to Rotunda, where they entrenched at around 5am. The stationed force

3780-549: The Citadel of Cascais . After the murder of Miguel Bombarda , shot by one of his patients, the republican leaders assembled with urgency on the night of the 3rd. Some officials were against the meeting due to the strong military presence, but Admiral Cândido dos Reis insisted for it to take place, saying " A Revolução não será adiada: sigam-me, se quiserem. Havendo um só que cumpra o seu dever, esse único serei eu. " ("The Revolution will not be delayed: follow me, if you want. If there

3885-700: The GVN. Industrialist Auduth Timblo, who serves as the Chairman of the Fomento Group, donated ₹ 7.5 million (equivalent to ₹ 14 million or US$ 170,000 in 2023) specifically for the renovation of the 175-seat amphitheater. Timblo was recognized and honored for this contribution. Another major donor was Suresh Kare, the chairman of Indoco Remedies. Kare donated ₹ 10 million (equivalent to ₹ 22 million or US$ 270,000 in 2023) to GVN in December 2010. This donation

3990-581: The Gomant Vidya Niketan. The founders were inspired by a shared vision to foster unity among diverse groups within Goan society, aiming to advance social, religious, and cultural initiatives. The Gomant Vidya Niketan began as a small library known as the Saraswat Brahman Samaj, but gradually expanded its activities and programs over time. The Saraswat Brahmin society of Goa was responsible for

4095-486: The Holy Spirit, was built by the Portuguese in 1675 and boasts a pristine white façade and an interior dripping with gilt crystal and stucco. The Municipal Garden square is defined on one side by the church with its baroque architecture and the parochial house, and on the other side by the palatial mansions of affluent elite Catholics, positioned in a row. The Associação das Communidades (Communities Association) building and

4200-627: The Monte hill. There is also a Jain temple and a Jama'at Khana for the Khoja faith in Pajifond. There is also a Muslim community of Nizaris living in Margao. In the centre of the town is the Municipal Garden, known as Praça Jorge Barreto, around which most restaurants and office buildings are located. On the park's south side like the colonial style red-washed Municipal building, known as Margao Town Hall which

4305-536: The Nehru Stadium at Fatorda. The Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan was held in 1964. Some of the theatres in Margao include the Gomant Vidya Niketan, OSIA Multiplex, Vishant and Lata; in addition to Goa's biggest theatre, the Metropole. Inox has recently launched a multiplex with a capacity of 904 seats. The Gomat Vidya Niketan is a premier centre for arts in the town. People from all over Goa congregate at

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4410-457: The Palace of Necessidades: 2nd Infantry, 2nd Cavalry and the mobile battery of Queluz. The latter included the colonial war hero Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro . The column advanced until near the prison, where it assumed combat positions. However, before these were completed, the column was attacked by rebels. The attack was repelled but resulted in a few wounded men, several dead pack animals and

4515-568: The Pandava Copel still stands next to the modern St. Sebastian Church) and the Monte Hill Chapel. The famous temples are the 'Damodar Temple' (Saal), the 'Hari Mandir', the 'Maruti Mandir' at Davorlim the 'Saibaba Temple' at Davorlim, the 'Shiv Temple' (Ling) at Fatorda near Nehru Stadium (which is the original Temple of Damodara). There are two mosques in Margao, one in the Malbhat area and one on

4620-562: The Republic and the Catholic Church . On 11 January 1890 the British government of Lord Salisbury sent the Portuguese government an ultimatum in the form of a "memorandum", demanding the retreat of the Portuguese military forces led by Serpa Pinto from the territory between the colonies of Angola and Mozambique (in the current Zimbabwe and Zambia ), an area claimed by Portugal under

4725-472: The Republican Party continued to gain ground. In the election of 5 April 1908, the last legislative elections to occur during the monarchy, seven members were elected to parliament, among which were Estêvão de Vasconcelos, Feio Terenas and Manuel de Brito Camacho . In the election of 28 August 1910 the party had a resounding success, electing 14 members to parliament, 10 for Lisbon. Meanwhile, in spite of

4830-415: The Republican Party, found ways to take advantage of the situation. The Republican Party presented itself as the only one with a programme capable of regaining Portugal's lost status and placing it on the path of progress . After the reluctance of the military to oppose the nearly two thousand soldiers and sailors that rebelled on 3 and 4 October 1910, the Republic was proclaimed at 9 a.m the next day from

4935-469: The Republican Party. Besides Rodrigues de Freitas, Manuel de Arriaga , José Elias Garcia, Zófimo Consiglieri Pedroso , José Maria Latino Coelho, Bernardino Pereira Pinheiro, Eduardo de Abreu, Francisco Teixeira de Queirós, José Jacinto Nunes, and Francisco Gomes da Silva were also elected members of parliament, representing the PRP in various legislative sessions between 1884 and 1894. From this date to 1900 there

5040-447: The attack, since King Carlos was highly regarded by other European heads of state. The Lisbon regicide hastened the end of the monarchy by placing the young and inexperienced D. Manuel II on the throne and throwing the monarchical parties against one another. Their [the republicans'] shows of strength on the streets of Lisbon – for example, on 2 August 1909, which brought together fifty thousand people, with an impressive discipline – echo

5145-457: The balcony of Lisbon 's City Hall . A provisional government led by Teófilo Braga directed the fate of the country until the approval of the Constitution in 1911, which marked the beginning of the First Republic. The national anthem and flag were changed, and some civil and religious liberties established; a wave of harsh anti-clericalism soon followed, corroding relations between

5250-467: The banks of the Sal River , Portuguese style mansions dot its landscape. One of the fastest growing cities in Goa, its fast growing suburbs include Aquem , Fatorda , Gogol , Borda , Comba , Navelim and Davorlim . Margao features a typical Konkan tropical monsoon climate ( Köppen Am ). The "hot" season lasts last from March until May when the temperature reaches up to 36 °C or 96.8 °F and

5355-468: The beginning of the events did not occur favorably for the rebels. The three cannon shots – the accorded signal for the civilians and military to advance – did not take place. Only a shot was heard and the Admiral Cândido dos Reis, expecting the signal to take command of the warships, was informed that everything had failed, which prompted him to retire to his sister's house. The next morning his dead body

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5460-474: The carriage. The prince, D. Manuel was struck in the arm. Two of the attackers, Manuel Buíça , a primary school teacher, and Alfredo Luís da Costa , a commerce employee and editor, were killed at the scene, others managed to escape. The carriage entered the Navy Arsenal, where the deaths of the king and his heir were verified. After the attack, João Franco's government was dismissed and a rigorous investigation

5565-489: The cause hadn't joined. Even so, the republican forces included about 400 men in Rotunda, 1000 to 1500 in Alcântara counting the naval crews, as well as having managed to take hold of the city's artillery, with most of the ammunition, to which was added the naval artillery. Rotunda and Alcântara were occupied, but concrete plans for the revolution had not yet been decided and the main leaders hadn't yet appeared. In spite of this,

5670-529: The city of Porto , on 31 January 1891, a military uprising against the monarchy took place, constituted mainly by sergeants and enlisted ranks . The rebels, who used the nationalist anthem A Portuguesa as their marching song , took the Paços do Concelho , from whose balcony, the republican journalist and politician Augusto Manuel Alves da Veiga proclaimed the establishment of the republic in Portugal and hoisted

5775-493: The colonial agreement then signed with the British. Feeding an atmosphere of near insurrection, on 23 March 1890, António José de Almeida , at the time a student at the University of Coimbra and, later on, President of the Republic , published an article entitled " Bragança, o último ", considered slanderous against the king and led to Almeida's imprisonment. On 1 April 1890, the explorer Silva Porto self-immolated wrapped in

5880-402: The congress the imperative mandate to start the revolution . The logistic role for the preparation of plot was assigned to the most radical elements. The civil committee was formed by Afonso Costa , João Pinheiro Chagas and António José de Almeida , while the admiral Carlos Cândido dos Reis was the leader of the military committee. António José de Almeida was assigned the role of organising

5985-409: The decentralising and federalist ideas, abandoning the socialist quality in favour of democratic aspects. This change also aimed to attract the small and medium bourgeoisie , which turned into one of the main bases of republican support. In the election of 13 October 1878 the PRP elected its first member of parliament, José Joaquim Rodrigues de Freitas , for Porto. There was also an intention to give

6090-518: The dissatisfaction, initiating an increase of their social support base that would climax in the demise of the regime. On 14 January, the progressive government fell and the leader of the Regenerador Party, António de Serpa Pimentel , was chosen to form the new government. The progressivists then began to attack the king, voting for republican candidates in the March election of that year, questioning

6195-437: The division's command. However, he received the perplexing order to retreat. Meanwhile, a column had been formed with the intention to attack simultaneously the rebels in Rotunda, a plan that was never carried out because of the order to retreat. The column reached Rossio in the evening without having joined combat. This inaction was not caused by the incompetence of its commander, General António Carvalhal, as would become clear

6300-424: The emergence of the revolution was marked by great instability and political and social unrest, with several threats of uprising risking the revolution due to the impatience of the navy , led by Machado Santos , who was ready for action. On 3 October 1910 the republican uprising foreshadowed by the political unrest finally took place. Although many of those involved in the republican cause avoided participation in

6405-496: The establishment of the library. The organization initiated a series of lectures featuring prominent speakers from the Bombay Presidency starting from its founding, the region that is now the state of Maharashtra . The establishment of the Gomant Vidya Niketan represented an effort by prominent Goan citizens to leverage the new freedoms that emerged following the end of Portuguese monarchical rule. The organization sought to promote unity and cultural advancement across Goan society in

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6510-461: The evident electoral success of the republican movement, the most revolutionary sector of the party called for armed struggle as the best means to achieve power in a short amount of time. It was this faction that came victorious from the party congress that took place in Setúbal between 23 and 25 April 1909. The directorate, composed by the moderate Teófilo Braga , Basílio Teles , Eusébio Leão , José Cupertino Ribeiro and José Relvas , received from

6615-415: The inaugural recipient of this recognition. 5 October 1910 revolution Republican victory 5 October 1910 Revolution was the overthrow of the centuries-old Portuguese monarchy and its replacement by the First Portuguese Republic . It was the result of a coup d'état organized by the Portuguese Republican Party . By 1910, the Kingdom of Portugal was in deep crisis: national anger over

6720-401: The key renovations was at the entrance of Gomant Vidya Niketan. This project, initiated by local legislator Digambar Kamat and carried out by municipal councillor Shagun Naik, included the addition of a pedestrian walkway that has been artistically designed to mirror the appearance of a musical piano . The entrance area also featured sculptures of a saxophone and guitar. Following a week,

6825-453: The loftiness of the Portuguese time. The Narcinva D. Naik residence houses Margao's well-known temple-hall known as Damodar Sal or Dambaba Saal. The house played host to Swami Vivekananda during his visit to Goa in October 1892 before proceeding to Chicago to address the Parliament of Religions The nearest international airport is the Dabolim Airport which is 23 km away. Goa's new international airport at Mopa , inaugurated in 2022,

6930-526: The middle of great popular enthusiasm and, also, the transfer of the remains of Camões and Vasco da Gama to Jerónimos Monastery . The atmosphere of the national celebration that characterised the commemorations complemented the patriotic exaltation. The idea of the Camões commemorations came from the Lisbon Geographic Society , but the execution was entrusted to a commission constituted by, amongst others, Teófilo Braga, Ramalho Ortigão , Jaime Batalha Reis , Magalhães Lima and Pinheiro Chagas, leading figures of

7035-461: The monarchy as antipatriotism and the yielding to foreign interests. Another strong component of republican ideology was emphasised by anti-clericalism , due to the theorisation of Teófilo Braga, who identified religion as an obstacle to progress and responsible for the scientific retardation of Portugal, in opposition to republicanism, which was linked by him to science, progress and well-being. Ideological issues were not, ultimately, fundamental to

7140-433: The next day, when he was named chief of the Military Division for the republican government: he had changed sides. Margao, Goa Margao is the commercial capital of the Indian state of Goa . It stands on the banks of the river Sal . It is the district headquarters of South Goa , and administrative headquarters of Salcete sub-district . It is Goa's second largest city by population after Mormugao . Margão

7245-406: The objective of overthrowing the monarchic regime. By making the national renewal dependent on the end of the monarchy, the Republican Party managed to define itself as distinct from the Portuguese Socialist Party , which defended a collaboration with the regime in exchange for the rights of the working class and attracted the sympathy of the dissatisfied sections of society. Disagreements within

7350-467: The overthrow of the monarchy overtones of unification, nationalism and being above the particular interests of individual social classes. This panacea that would cure, once and for all, all the ills of the nation, elevating it to glory, emphasised two fundamental tendencies: nationalism and colonialism . From this combination came the final desertion of Iberian Federalism , patent in the first republican theses by José Félix Henriques Nogueira, identifying

7455-410: The party became more connected with matters of political than ideological strategy. The ideological direction of the Portuguese republicanism had been traced much earlier by the works of José Félix Henriques Nogueira , little changed through the years, except in terms of later adaptation to the everyday realities of the country. The works of Teófilo Braga contributed to this task by trying to concretise

7560-647: The police force and municipal guards, they were distributed through the city as set out in the plan, intended to protect strategic points such as Rossio Railway Station , the gas factory, the Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda (the Portuguese mint), the postal building, the Carmo barracks , the ammunition depot in Beirolas and the residence of the President of the Council of Ministers, where the government had assembled. Little

7665-426: The population and females 49%. It had an average literacy rate of 90%; male literacy was 93%, and female literacy 86.8%. In Margao, 9.8% of the population was under 7 years of age. With a population of 106,484 in the metropolitan area, Margao is second largest Urban agglomeration in Goa. Konkani is the most widely spoken language in Margao, followed closely by English. Portuguese is still spoken and understood by

7770-450: The previous year the government forces had a plan of action, drawn up by order of the military commander of Lisbon, General Manuel Rafael Gorjão Henriques. When, on the evening of the 3rd, the President of the Council of Ministers Teixeira de Sousa informed him of the imminence of a revolt, a prevention order was soon sent to the garrisons in the city. The units of Artillery 3 and Light Infantry 6 were called from Santarém , while Infantry 15

7875-557: The project was initiated following the required authorizations from GVN, and it was carried out by engineers employed by the Margao Municipal Corporation. The conflicting accounts of the renovation costs and process generated doubts within the community about transparency and accountability in municipal development initiatives. In 2008, Gomant Vidya Niketan was awarded the Best Cultural Institution , making it

7980-493: The public. The young king began his rule by nominating a consensus government presided by admiral Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral . This government of pacification , as it became known, despite achieving a temporary calm, only lasted for a short amount of time. The political situation degraded again quickly, leading to having seven different governments in the space of two years. The monarchical parties rose against each other once more and fragmented into splinter groups, while

8085-437: The rebellion of 31 January 1891 was the first large threat felt by the monarchic regime and a sign of what would come almost two decades later. Thinking and science are republican, because creative genius lives on freedom and only a Republic can be truly free [...]. Labour and industry are republican, because the creative activity wants security and stability and only a Republic [...] is stable and secure [...]. A Republic is, in

8190-478: The renovation efforts soon sparked controversy, regarding misuse of allotted funds . A local non-governmental organization, the Shadow Council for Margao (SCM), alleged that the work including musical instrument installations had cost the authorities ₹ 310,000 (US$ 3,700), SCM convenor Savio Coutinho claimed the total renovation expenses were estimated at only ₹ 181,000 (US$ 2,200). In response, Naik stated that

8295-814: The republican strategy: for the majority of sympathisers, who didn't even know the texts of the main manifestos, it was enough to be against the monarchy, against the Church and against the political corruption of traditional parties. This lack of ideological preoccupation doesn't mean that the party didn't bother to spread its principles. The most effective action of dissemination was the propaganda made through its rallies and popular demonstrations and bulletins such as A Voz Pública (The Public Voice) in Porto, O Século (The Age, from 1880) O Mundo (The World, from 1900) and A Luta (The Struggle, from 1906) in Lisbon. The republican propaganda managed to take advantage of some historical facts with popular repercussions. The celebrations of

8400-517: The riots organised in the Assembly by some republican Parliament representatives. It was on the night of 2 August that I understood that the crown was at stake: when the king, rightly or wrongly, is contested or rejected by a part of the opinion, he can no longer fulfil his unifying role. Amélie of Orléans Due to his young age (18 years) and the tragic and bloody way in which he reached power, Manuel II of Portugal obtained an initial sympathy from

8505-468: The royalist opposition as well; led by political rivals of Franco who accused him of governing as a dictator. The events were aggravated by the issues of the advanced payments to the Royal House and the signing of the decree of 30 January 1908 that foresaw the banishment to the colonies, without judgement, those involved in a failed republican coup two days prior. I saw a man with a black beard [...] open

8610-450: The scattering of about half the infantry. Paiva Couceiro responded with cannons and the infantry that remained during 45 minutes, ordering an attack that was carried out by around 30 soldiers, but which was beaten with some casualties. Continuing the gunfire, he ordered a new attack, but only 20 soldiers followed the order. Thinking that he had found the right time to assault the barracks of Artillery 1, Paiva Couceiro requested reinforcement to

8715-413: The school being the odd exceptions which add to its character and sense of scale. They have a maximum height of two stories, and balcões balconies and varandas ( verandas ) facing the square. Parallel to the church square is the commercial street (old market). There is also a landscaped area next to the church called Praça da Alegria (Joy Square). The church feast is celebrated before the monsoons, it

8820-473: The secret societies such as the Carbonária – in whose leadership was integrated the naval commissary António Machado Santos —, the freemasons and the Junta Liberal , led by Miguel Bombarda . This eminent doctor played an important part in the dissemination of republican propaganda among the bourgeoisie, which brought many sympathisers to the republican cause. The period between the congress of 1909 and

8925-424: The special market to buy spices and dried fish to be used during the monsoons. The usual specialities that are found in the cuisine of Goa are also to be found in Margao. The curry of Margao is a praised local speciality. Cans of curry of Margao are currently exported to Portugal and elsewhere. Margao is also the name of a brand of spices sold in Portugal. The town has many sights and destinations. These include

9030-542: The state, liberty [...]; in industry, production; in labour, security; in the nation, strength and independence. For all, wealth; for all, equality; for all, light." Antero de Quental in República , 11-05-1870 The revolutionary movement of 5 October 1910 occurred following the ideological and political action that, since its creation in 1876, the Portuguese Republican Party (PRP) had been developing with

9135-507: The surrounding towns and villages; leading to the administrative center with the town hall at its center being built in the south. In 1961, Annexation of Goa led to its incorporation into the Republic of India, and Margao was declared as the administrative center of the district of South Goa . Margao is located at 15°16′25″N 73°57′29″E  /  15.27361°N 73.95806°E  / 15.27361; 73.95806 . It has an average elevation of 10 m (33 ft). Nestled on

9240-660: The test track for the Skybus Metro project, an elevated rail system patented by the Konkan Railway Corporation , This project was allegedly scrapped due to an accident which occurred during the test drive killing one engineer and seriously injuring three crew members. B Rajaram who had invented the rail system has stated that in his opinion the accident was avoidable. Margao is on the National Highway 66 (erstwhile, NH 17; also formerly part of NH 47). Thereby, it

9345-406: The third centenary of the death of Luís de Camões (Portugal's Shakespeare) in 1580, and the British ultimatum in 1890, for example, were capitalised on to present the republicans as the true representatives of the purest national sentiments and popular aspirations. The third centenary of Camões was commemorated with great celebrations: a civic entourage that went through the streets of Lisbon, in

9450-611: The town suburbs include Pajifond, Aquem, Gogol , Borda , Malbhat, Madel, Kharebandh, Old Market, Navelim and Comba, the last two being the oldest parts of the town. Pandava Caves Located in Aquem Behind St. Sebestian Church. There are a number of temples and churches in Margao city The famous churches in Margao are the Holy Spirit Church, the Grace Church, The St Sebastian Church in Aquem (The Old St. Sebastian Chapel, popularly known as

9555-435: The uprising, making it seem like the revolt had failed, it eventually succeeded thanks to the government's inability to gather enough troops to control the nearly two hundred armed revolutionaries that resisted in the Rotunda . In the summer of 1910 Lisbon was teeming with rumours and many times the President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) Teixeira de Sousa was warned of imminent coups d'état . The revolution

9660-423: The wake of this historic political transition . Gomant Vidya Niketan played a significant role in preserving and promoting the history and culture of the region . The institution has offered a singular insight into the historical narrative of Goa and has played a pivotal role in identifying pivotal establishments that have contributed to the evolution of modern Goa. Over the years, Gomant Vidya Niketan has hosted

9765-570: The western side of the Holy Spirit Church developed as a market place, the settlement grew on the eastern side, that is, the Borda region. The Municipality during the erstwhile Portuguese regime was known as " Câmara Municipal de Salcete", catering to all the villages in Salcete Taluka for over 300 years until the Goa Municipalities Act of 1968 came into force. The Câmara Municipal de Salcete

9870-504: Was aggravated by the severe financial crisis that occurred between 1890 and 1891, when the money sent from emigrants in Brazil decreased by 80% with the so-called crisis of encilhamento following the proclamation of the republic in Brazil two months previously, an event that was followed with apprehension by the monarchic government and with jubilation by the defenders of the republic in Portugal. The republicans knew how to take advantage of

9975-618: Was built in 1905, and the Library. The northern segment of the Municipal garden was developed by the Mavany family and is named after His Highness Prince Shah Karim Al Hussaini, Aga Khan IV/Imam of Nizari Ismaili Muslims who visited Goa just before its liberation. The entire garden is now municipal property and is maintained by the Margao Municipal Council. The Largo de Igreja, or the Church of

10080-460: Was called from Tomar . As soon as news of the revolt was received, the plan was put into practice: the 1st Infantry, 2nd Infantry, 2nd Caçadores and 2nd Cavalry regiments and the artillery battery of Queluz , went to the Palace of Necessidades to protect the king, while the 5th Infantry and the 5th Caçadores moved to Rossio Square , with the mission to protect the military headquarters. As for

10185-431: Was composed by four infantry regiments, two cavalry regiments and two Caçadores (light infantry) battalions , with a theoretical total of 6982 men. However, in practice, there were other useful units in military outposts used for lookout and general police duties, especially in the industrial district of Barreiro due to the bout of strikes and syndicalist activity that had been ongoing since September. Ever since

10290-469: Was composed of around 200 to 300 men of the 1st Artillery Regiment, 50 to 60 men of the 16th Infantry Regiment and around 200 civilians. The captains Sá Cardoso and Palla and the naval commissary Machado Santos were among the 9 officers in command. Meanwhile, Lieutenant Ladislau Parreira and some officers and civilians entered the barracks of the Naval Corps of Alcântara at 1am, managing to take arms, provoke

10395-471: Was found in Arroios . In desperation, he had committed suicide by a shot to the head. Meanwhile, in Rotunda, the apparent calm in the city was so discouraging to the rebels that officers preferred to give up. Sá Cardoso, Palla and other officers retired to their houses, but Machado Santos stayed and assumed command. This decision proved fundamental to the success of the revolution. The military garrison of Lisbon

10500-674: Was housed in Portuguese Military Barracks opposite Multipurpose High School in Vidyanagar. The college moved to its present location in 1972 under the direction of then principal P. S. Rege. Shree Damodar College of Commerce and Economics and Govind Ramnath Kare College of Law provide post secondary education in Commerce and Law respectively. Schools such as Shree Damodar Higher Secondary School Of Science and R.M.S Higher Secondary School focus exclusively on higher secondary education. There

10605-453: Was launched which found, two years later, that the attack had been committed by members of the secret organisation Carbonária . The investigation formally concluded on 5 October 1910. However, more suspects were subsequently found to have had direct involvement, some of whom went into hiding in Brazil and France , though at least two had been killed by the Carbonária . Europe was shocked by

10710-553: Was made in memory of Kare's late father, Govind Ramnath Kare. As a result, the principal auditorium was officially christened the "Govind Kare auditorium" in recognition of his contribution. Suresh holds a position as a life member within the organization. In November 2022, residents from the city of Margao, Goa , called for improvements to the area surrounding Gomant Vidya Niketan. The following year, in September 2023, some areas near this location underwent beautification efforts. One of

10815-432: Was no republican parliamentary representation. In this phase, while separated from parliament, the party committed itself to its internal organisation. After a period of great repression of PRP, the republican movement could reenter the legislative race in 1900, electing four parliament members: Afonso Costa , Alexandre Braga, António José de Almeida and João de Meneses. On 1 February 1908, while returning to Lisbon from

10920-412: Was not an exception: the coup was expected by the government, who on 3 October gave orders for all the garrison troops of the city to be on guard. After a dinner offered in honour of D. Manuel II by Brazilian president Hermes da Fonseca , then on a state visit to Portugal, the monarch retreated to the Palace of Necessidades while his uncle and sworn heir to the throne, prince D. Afonso , went on to

11025-440: Was the construction of a new, state-of-the-art main auditorium . Incorporated into the establishment's facilities are an air-conditioned auditorium designed to accommodate 500 individuals. Additionally, an amphitheater with 175 seats and a conference hall with 150 seats were added to the organization's infrastructure. The renovations were partially funded through significant donations from prominent individuals associated with

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