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60-450: Givhan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Robin Givhan (born 1964), American fashion editor Sam Givhan (born 1967), American politician Walter C. Givhan (1902–1976), American politician [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Givhan . If an internal link intending to refer to

120-471: A sophomore with second-year standing based on his academic achievements in high school. Roberts first roomed in Straus Hall before moving to Leverett House . Every summer, he returned home to work at the steel plant his father managed. Although he initially felt obscured among other students, Roberts distinguished himself with professors, meriting multiple distinctions for his scholarly writing. He gained

180-406: A 12-year-old girl who ate in violation of a zero tolerance policy against eating in a metro station. His opinions generally reflected a conservative judicial philosophy, including in areas of civil rights and executive power. The brevity of his tenure and his cautiousness in deciding cases left little for potential opponents to scrutinize while he made rulings as a circuit judge. By the time of

240-478: A comprehensive jurisprudential philosophy and did "not think beginning with an all-encompassing approach to constitutional interpretation is the best way to faithfully construe the document." Roberts compared judges to baseball umpires: "[I]t's my job to call balls and strikes, and not to pitch or bat." Among the issues he discussed during the hearings were: In Senate hearings, Roberts said: Starting with McCulloch v. Maryland , Chief Justice John Marshall gave

300-566: A guest on The Colbert Report in January 2006. In 2009 she moved from New York City to Washington, D.C., where her fashion beat was expanded to cover First Lady Michelle Obama . Givhan generated an uproar on July 20, 2007, when she penned a Washington Post opinion piece that drew attention to an outfit worn by presidential candidate Hillary Clinton during her July 18 speech on the Senate floor. Givhan said Sen. Clinton's slightly V-shaped neckline

360-440: A handful of jelly bellies, three little Necco wafers." In August 2009, she criticized First Lady Michelle Obama for wearing shorts while on a family vacation. "Avoiding the appearance of queenly behavior is politically wise. But it does American culture no favors if a first lady tries so hard to be average that she winds up looking common," wrote Givhan on the subject of the first lady's attire. Givhan continued her criticism in

420-494: A number of books, including captions for photographer Lucian Perkins 's book Runway Madness and a commemorative book entitled Michelle: Her First Year as First Lady . John Roberts John Glover Roberts Jr. (born January 27, 1955) is an American jurist who has served since 2005 as the 17th chief justice of the United States . He has been described as having a moderate conservative judicial philosophy , though he

480-567: A platform for Supreme Court nomination. On May 9, 2001, Bush nominated Roberts to a seat on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit to replace Judge James L. Buckley , who had retired. Unlike in 1992 when his first nomination stalled in the Democratic-majority Senate, Roberts's nomination came when Republicans had secured a one-vote Senate majority. But it soon lost that majority when Senator Jim Jeffords left

540-606: A problem is if we pass a federal law, whether it is the Violence Against Women Act or anything else. The fact of the matter is conditions are different in different states, and state laws can be more—relevant is I think exactly the right term, more attuned to the different situations in New York, as opposed to Minnesota, and that is what the federal system is based on. At a Senate hearing, Roberts said: The Supreme Court has, throughout its history, on many occasions described

600-497: A professor but also contemplated a legal career. One of Roberts's first papers, "Marxism and Bolshevism: Theory and Practice," won Harvard's William Scott Ferguson Prize for the most outstanding essay by a sophomore history major. An early interest in oral advocacy led him to study Daniel Webster , a prominent advocate before the Supreme Court. His senior year paper, "The Utopian Conservative: A Study of Continuity and Change in

660-415: A reputation as a serious student who valued formalism. Every Sunday, he attended Catholic mass at St. Paul Church . Roberts focused on modern European history and maintained an interest in politics. As an undergraduate, he excelled academically. In his first year, he won the university's Edwards Whitaker Scholarship for outstanding scholastic achievement. He intended to pursue a Ph.D. in history to be

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720-579: A snow blower.... Here he was wearing something that visually didn't symbolize to me the level of solemnity and respect that I thought a service like this demanded... He was representing the American people. I don't want to be represented by someone in, you know, a parka who looks like he's at a Green Bay Packer game." She also slammed the attire worn by the wife and young children of Supreme Court nominee John Roberts during his swearing in as Supreme Court Chief Justice, saying they resembled "a trio of Easter eggs,

780-510: A specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Givhan&oldid=1154839674 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Monitored short pages Robin Givhan Givhan

840-521: A staff lawyer; I didn't have a position," Roberts said. As a lawyer in the George H. W. Bush administration , Roberts signed a legal brief urging the court to overturn Roe v. Wade . In private meetings with senators before his confirmation, Roberts testified that Roe was settled law, but added that it was subject to the legal principle of stare decisis , meaning that while the Court must give some weight to

900-436: A very broad and expansive reading to the powers of the federal government and explained generally that if the ends be legitimate, then any means chosen to achieve them are within the power of the federal government, and cases interpreting that, throughout the years, have come down. Certainly, by the time Lopez was decided, many of us had learned in law school that it was just sort of a formality to say that interstate commerce

960-473: A very important factor. It wasn't present in Lopez at all. I think the members of Congress had heard the same thing I had heard in law school, that this is unimportant—and they hadn't gone through the process of establishing a record in that case. Roberts said the following about federalism in a 1999 radio interview: We have gotten to the point these days where we think the only way we can show we're serious about

1020-421: A vote of 16 to 3, and the Senate confirmed him unanimously by voice vote on May 8, 2003. On June 2, he received his judicial commission. Even when Roberts had not yet fully assumed his role as a circuit judge, White House Counsel officers listed him on their shortlist of Supreme Court candidates. Roberts authored 49 opinions during his two-year service on the D.C. Circuit, many of which concerned decisions by

1080-578: Is a native of Detroit , Michigan. She was the valedictorian at Renaissance High School in 1982, graduated from Princeton University in 1986, and holds a master's degree in journalism from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor . After working for the Detroit Free Press for about seven years, she held positions at the San Francisco Chronicle and Vogue magazine. Givhan appeared as

1140-558: Is an exciting time to be at the Justice Department, when so much that has been taken for granted for so long is being seriously reconsidered." Among those he worked with were William Bradford Reynolds in the Civil Rights Division , former classmate Richard Lazarus , J. Harvie Wilkinson III , Theodore Olson , and fellow special assistant Carolyn Kuhl . In 1982, Reagan advisor Fred Fielding recruited Roberts to work at

1200-415: Is certainly the central dilemma of having an unelected, as you describe it correctly, undemocratic judiciary in a democratic republic. On the subject of stare decisis , referring to Brown v. Board of Education , the decision overturning school segregation , Roberts said: "the Court in that case, of course, overruled a prior decision. I don't think that constitutes judicial activism because obviously if

1260-430: Is good or important or progressive or edgy when in fact, it's just crappy. And no one will just say it's crappy." She added, "I'll also say when I think something is absolutely magnificent." Commenting on a heavy, dark-green parka worn by Vice President Dick Cheney at a ceremony in 2005 commemorating the 60th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, Givhan wrote, "It's the kind of attire one typically wears to operate

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1320-591: Is primarily an institutionalist. Regarded as a swing vote in some cases, Roberts has presided over an ideological shift toward conservative jurisprudence on the high court, in which he has authored key opinions. Born in Buffalo, New York , Roberts was raised Catholic in Northwest Indiana and studied at Harvard University with the initial intent to become a historian, graduating in three years with highest distinction, then attended Harvard Law School , where he

1380-607: The Washington Post of January 3, 2010, complaining the First Lady lacked "focus" in her advocacy. In 2013, Robin Givhan was inducted into the University of Michigan 's Detroiter Hall of Fame. Givhan's book about The Battle of Versailles Fashion Show , entitled The Battle of Versailles: The Night American Fashion Stumbled into the Spotlight and Made History , was published by Flatiron Books in 2015. She has also contributed to

1440-445: The 2004 presidential election , Justice Rehnquist had been fatally ill and senior Bush administration advisors under Karl Rove began assessing the potential candidates to replace him. Among them, Roberts stood out for his experience as a Supreme Court advocate, which had brought him the favorable attention of not just conservatives but also liberals such as Ruth Bader Ginsburg . On July 19, 2005, President Bush nominated Roberts to

1500-600: The Bethlehem Steel Corporation 's factory in Lackawanna . In 1965, ten-year-old Roberts and his family moved to Long Beach, Indiana , where his father became the manager of a new steel plant in nearby Burns Harbor . By age 13, Roberts "already had a clear plan for his life." He attended the parochial La Lumiere School , an academically rigorous Catholic boarding school in La Porte, Indiana , where he captained

1560-728: The Federal Communications Commission and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission . His opinions often employed a "characteristically crisp, clear writing style" that favored the use of imagery and idioms. Most of the disputes he reviewed concerned government regulation, union rights, and collective bargaining , but he also wrote on environmental law, criminal law, and procedural matters. One case, Hedgepeth ex rel Hedgepeth v. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit (2004), garnered media attention when Roberts found that Washington police properly detained

1620-576: The Senate Judiciary Committee , to schedule a hearing despite an upcoming election year. Democratic lobbyists and progressive interest groups successfully encouraged Biden to stall the process. As Bill Clinton defeated Bush in the 1992 presidential election , Roberts's nomination lapsed with no Senate vote and expired at the end of the 102nd Congress . In January 1993, Roberts returned to Hogan and Hartson, where, finding great success as an advocate, he began to regularly appear again before

1680-480: The Texas Supreme Court , a close supporter of Bush, also emerged and had a chance to be the first Latino nominee. Roberts, who had not worked in government while Bill Clinton was in office, did not appear on lists compiled by Bush supporters, advocacy groups, or the media, but nonetheless remained a strong candidate for a Republican nomination and was poised to be re-nominated to the D.C. Circuit, often used as

1740-462: The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit , but the Senate did not hold a vote on his confirmation. In 2003, President George W. Bush appointed Roberts to the D.C. Circuit. In 2005, Bush nominated Roberts to the Supreme Court, initially as an associate justice to fill the vacancy left by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor , but promoted him to chief justice after Rehnquist's death. Roberts

1800-577: The White House . Fielding gathered a group of lawyers that also included J. Michael Luttig and Henry Garrett . From 1982 to 1986, Roberts was an associate with the White House Counsel . He then entered private practice in Washington, D.C. , as an associate at the law firm Hogan & Hartson (now Hogan Lovells ), working in corporate law . E. Barrett Prettyman , under whom he was first assigned,

1860-466: The standing case of Lujan v. National Wildlife Federation , which became a hallmark in the field. When Starr recused himself in Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC , Roberts took his place, arguing that the use of racial preferences by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was unconstitutional. The position failed to convince the Court, which announced on June 27, 1990, that it had sided with

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1920-400: The D.C. Circuit to become U.S. Solicitor General under President George H. W. Bush . Needing a deputy, Starr chose Roberts to join the administration as Principal Deputy Solicitor General . "I felt that his experience was good for the political deputy position. [Roberts] was a steady hand, a wise hand. He came in as a person not of vast experience but of vast ability," Starr recalled. With

1980-562: The FCC. Government attorneys, surprised by Roberts's stance against the FCC, discussed whether it contributed to a politicization of the office, as the Solicitor General traditionally defended the government. Thomas Merrill , a deputy for the Solicitor General, described Roberts's candid position simply as: "This affirmative action program violated the Constitution, and we should present that to

2040-569: The Second Circuit in May, Roberts went to clerk for Justice (later Chief Justice) William Rehnquist at the U.S. Supreme Court from 1980 to 1981. At the end his clerkship with Rehnquist, Roberts worked to gain admission to the bar , studying with Michael W. McConnell , a law clerk of Justice William Brennan . After the 1980 presidential election , he resolved to work under the new Reagan administration . Rehnquist recommended him to Ken Starr , who

2100-568: The Supreme Court overruled his previous loss of Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC in Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña , establishing that the government must treat people on an individual basis. The next year, his pro bono contributions included giving fundamental aid to gay rights activists in the landmark case of Romer v. Evans (1996). During the 2000 presidential election , Roberts went to Florida to assist George W. Bush , by which time Jeffrey Toobin identified him as "among

2160-474: The Supreme Court, he did not explicitly say whether he would vote to overturn either. Jeffrey Rosen said, "I wouldn't bet on Chief Justice Roberts's siding unequivocally with the anti- Roe forces." On September 22, 2005, the Senate Judiciary Committee approved Roberts's nomination by a vote of 13–5, with Senators Ted Kennedy , Richard Durbin , Charles Schumer , Joe Biden , and Dianne Feinstein opposed. The full Senate confirmed Roberts on September 29 by

2220-450: The Supreme Court. With a reputation as the leading private Supreme Court litigator, Roberts often represented corporations that sued individuals or the government. He was Hogan and Hartson's most prominent partner , arguing 18 Supreme Court cases from 1993 to 2003 and 20 in nationwide appellate courts while also doing work pro bono , demonstrating expertise in a wide variety of different fields. In June 1995, to Roberts's satisfaction,

2280-476: The Supreme Court." When Clarence Thomas was confirmed to the Supreme Court in 1991, Roberts's proven experience in complex litigation for the Bush administration made him a leading candidate to fill Thomas's vacancy on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia . On January 27, 1992, Bush nominated Roberts, who had just turned 37 years old, to the D.C. Circuit, and Starr urged Senator Joe Biden , chair of

2340-576: The Thought of Daniel Webster," won a Bowdoin Prize . In 1976, Roberts obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in history, summa cum laude , with membership in Phi Beta Kappa . A recent surplus of history graduate students convinced him to attend Harvard Law School for better career prospects, though he maintained his original goal to become a professor. His first-year performance in law school placed him in

2400-537: The U.S. Supreme Court to fill a vacancy to be created by the impending retirement of Justice Sandra Day O'Connor . Roberts's nomination was the first Supreme Court nomination since Stephen Breyer 's in 1994. On September 3, 2005, while Roberts's confirmation was pending before the Senate, Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist died. Two days later, Bush withdrew Roberts's nomination as O'Connor's successor and nominated Roberts to succeed Rehnquist as chief justice. During his confirmation hearings, Roberts said he did not have

2460-433: The century, of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1979 to 1980. Friendly was impressed by Roberts's performance; they shared similar backgrounds, and co-clerk Reinier Kraakman recalled that "there was a bond between them." When Roberts became a federal judge years later, he identified with Friendly's nonpartisan approach to law and maintained a correspondence with him. After finishing his clerkship at

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2520-417: The constitutionality of acts of Congress, and when those acts are challenged, it is the obligation of the Court to say what the law is. The determination of when deference to legislative policy judgments goes too far and becomes abdication of the judicial responsibility, and when scrutiny of those judgments goes too far on the part of the judges and becomes what I think is properly called judicial activism —that

2580-448: The decision is wrong, it should be overruled. That's not activism. That's applying the law correctly." As a lawyer for the Reagan administration, Roberts wrote legal memos defending administration policies on abortion . At his nomination hearing, he testified that the legal memos represented the views of the administration he was representing at the time and not necessarily his own. "I was

2640-414: The deference that is due to legislative judgments. Justice Holmes described assessing the constitutionality of an act of Congress as the gravest duty that the Supreme Court is called upon to perform. ... It's a principle that is easily stated and needs to be observed in practice, as well as in theory. Now, the Court, of course, has the obligation, and has been recognized since Marbury v. Madison , to assess

2700-678: The extent of presidential immunity from criminal prosecution). Roberts also presided over the first impeachment trial of President Donald Trump . Roberts was born on January 27, 1955, in Buffalo, New York , to Rosemary ( née Podrasky) and John Glover "Jack" Roberts Sr., both devout Catholics. His father had Irish and Welsh ancestry and his mother was a descendant of Slovak immigrants from Szepes , Hungary . He has two younger sisters, Margaret and Barbara, and an elder sister, Kathy. Roberts spent his early childhood years in Hamburg, New York , where his father worked as an electrical engineer for

2760-711: The new appointment, Roberts, whose work had previously been confidential, became a prominent figure at the Supreme Court, leading the filings of the Bush administration and representing it in the media. As deputy solicitor general, Roberts frequently appeared before the Supreme Court. He argued for a number of conservative positions, including those against abortion, an extensive federal jurisdiction and policies that afforded special benefits to minority groups. In 1990, he successfully argued his first case in Atlantic Richfield Company v. USA Petroleum Company , which concerned anti-trust law, and then successfully argued

2820-729: The party to become an independent , jeopardizing Roberts's candidacy, which stalled once again when Senate Democrats refused to hold any nomination hearings. In 2002, Republicans regained control of the Senate and Roberts finally received a hearing by the Senate Judiciary Committee. Supported by a bipartisan letter of support signed by more than 150 members of the District of Columbia Bar —including White House counsels Lloyd Cutler , C. Boyden Gray , and Solicitor General Seth Waxman —the Judiciary Committee recommended Roberts by

2880-617: The precedent, it was not legally bound to uphold it. In his Senate testimony, Roberts said that, while sitting on the Appellate Court , he had an obligation to respect precedents established by the Supreme Court, including the right to abortion. He said: " Roe v. Wade is the settled law of the land. ... There is nothing in my personal views that would prevent me from fully and faithfully applying that precedent, as well as Casey ." Following nominees' traditional reluctance to indicate which way they might vote on an issue likely to come before

2940-448: The respect of John Paul Stevens and the Court's liberals. Democrats and Republicans alike widely viewed Roberts as one of the Supreme Court's most distinguished advocates. When George W. Bush won the contested 2000 presidential election , journalists speculated about whom he might consider as possible nominees for the Supreme Court. Luttig, Wilkinson, and other Reagan officials were leading candidates, but Judge Alberto Gonzales of

3000-512: The school's football team, participated in track and field , and was a regional champion in wrestling . He also participated in choir and drama , and was a co-editor of the school newspaper. He graduated in 1973 as class valedictorian , becoming the first graduate of the La Lumiere School to enroll at Harvard University. At Harvard College , Roberts dedicated himself to studying history, his academic major . He had entered Harvard as

3060-459: The top 15 students in a class of 550 and won him membership of the Harvard Law Review . The journal's president, David Leebron , chose Roberts as its managing editor , despite their differing political views. Classmate David Wilkins described Roberts as "more conservative than the typical Harvard Law student in the 1970s" but well-liked by fellow students. In 1979, Roberts graduated at

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3120-416: The top advocates of his generation". According to biographer Joan Biskupic , he built a reputation "for his powers of persuasion and tireless preparation", and "his meticulous preparation and unflagging composure inspired confidence among his well-heeled clients." His arguments against government regulation often appealed to Rehnquist and the Court's conservatives while his style and skill in rhetoric won him

3180-407: The top of his class with a Juris Doctor , magna cum laude , despite having to admit himself to a local hospital for exhaustion. He later regretted that during his time at Harvard, he traveled into Boston on only a couple of occasions, being too preoccupied with his studies. After graduating from law school, Roberts was a law clerk for Judge Henry Friendly , one of the most influential judges of

3240-413: Was "unnerving" and "startling," especially for a woman "who has been so publicly ambivalent about style, image and the burdens of both." She added, "[I]t was more like catching a man with his fly unzipped. Just look away!" Givhan has made a reputation for being blunt. In an interview on writers who cover the fashion industry, Givhan told CBS News , "There are a lot of people who sort of say that something

3300-583: Was a fashion editor for The Washington Post . She joined the Post in 1995, and left in 2010 to become the fashion critic and fashion correspondent for The Daily Beast and Newsweek . She returned to the Post in 2014. Givhan won the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism in 2006, the first time the award was given to a fashion writer. The Pulitzer Committee cited Givhan's "witty, closely observed essays that transform fashion criticism into cultural criticism." She

3360-562: Was affected and that cases weren't going to be thrown out that way. Lopez certainly breathed new life into the Commerce Clause . I think it remains to be seen, in subsequent decisions, how rigorous a showing, and in many cases, it is just a showing. It's not a question of an abstract fact—does this affect interstate commerce or not—but has this body, the Congress, demonstrated the impact on interstate commerce that drove them to legislate? That's

3420-482: Was an editor of the Harvard Law Review . Before holding positions in the Reagan and senior Bush administration , Roberts served as a law clerk for Judge Henry Friendly and Justice William Rehnquist . From 1989 to 1993, he was Principal Deputy Solicitor General , after which he built a leading appellate practice and argued 39 cases before the Supreme Court. In 1992, President George H. W. Bush nominated Roberts to

3480-767: Was chief of staff to attorney general William French Smith , and Roberts was named a special assistant to the attorney general. After being admitted to the District of Columbia bar and arriving to the Department of Justice in August 1981, he helped Sandra Day O'Connor prepare for her confirmation hearings. As an assistant to the attorney general, Roberts concentrated on the scope of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 , especially Section 2 and Section 5 , both of which Roberts and other Reagan lawyers believed to have unnecessarily intruded on state regulations. He wrote to Friendly, "this

3540-719: Was confirmed by a Senate vote of 78–22, becoming the youngest to serve in the position since John Marshall . As chief justice, Roberts has authored majority opinions in many landmark cases , including National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (upholding most sections of the Affordable Care Act ), Shelby County v. Holder (limiting the Voting Rights Act of 1965 ), Trump v. Hawaii (expanding presidential powers over immigration), Carpenter v. United States (expanding digital privacy ), Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (overruling race-based admission programs), and Trump v. United States (outlining

3600-474: Was one of the most prominent advocates in the country along with Rex E. Lee . Roberts also built a successful practice as an appellate lawyer, heading the firm's division for appellate advocacy. He made his first appearance before the Supreme Court in United States v. Halper , arguing against the government, and the Court unanimously upheld his arguments. In 1989, Ken Starr relinquished his judgeship on

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