The Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community ( German : Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat , German pronunciation: [ˈbʊndəsminɪsˌteːʁiʊm dɛs ˈɪnəʁn ʊnt fyːɐ̯ ˈhaɪ̯maːt] , abbreviated BMI , is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany . Its main office is in Berlin , with a secondary seat in Bonn . The current minister is Nancy Faeser . It is comparable to the UK Home Office or a combination of the US Department of Homeland Security and the US Department of Justice , because both manage several law enforcement agencies. The BMI is tasked with the internal security of Germany. To fulfill this responsibility it maintains, among other agencies, the two biggest federal law enforcement agencies in Germany, the Federal Police (including the GSG 9 ) and the Federal Criminal Police Office . It is also responsible for the federal domestic intelligence agency, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution .
16-828: The Reichsamt des Innern (Imperial Office of the Interior) was the Ministry of the Interior of the German Empire . On the proposal of the Reichskanzler Otto von Bismarck it was created on 24 December 1879 by an Imperial decree from the Reich Chancellery . Like the other Imperial Offices it was directly under the control of the Reichskanzler. The seat of the office was in Berlin and it
32-406: Is part of the highest bodies of executive power and reports directly to the head of government . In states with a federal structure, the ministry often has branches at the level of states or federal subjects . Executive (government) The executive , also referred to as the juditian or executive power , is that part of government which executes the law; in other words, directly makes
48-566: The Fourth Merkel cabinet , which took office in February 2018, the Ministry of the Interior was merged with the building department, which had been included in the ministry of transport from 1998 to 2013, and the environment ministry from 2013 to 2018. The ministry, headed by the former Bavarian minister-president Horst Seehofer , was then renamed to "Interior, Building and Homeland". The renaming
64-722: The Reichs- und Preußischen Ministerium des Innern (Imperial and Prussian Ministry of the Interior). In 1949, the Imperial Ministry of the Interior (effectively defunct since the end of the war in Europe in 1945) was succeeded by the present Federal Ministry, though it served as the Interior Ministry for West Germany only until German reunification in 1990. From 1949 to 1970, 54% of the ministry's department leaders were former Nazi Party members, their share peaking at 66% in 1961. Under
80-467: The United States of America , government authority is distributed between several branches in order to prevent power being concentrated in the hands of a single person or group. To achieve this, each branch is subject to checks by the other two; in general, the role of the legislature is to pass laws, which are then enforced by the executive, and interpreted by the judiciary . The executive can also be
96-755: The Imperial Office became the Reichsministerium des Innern (RMI) (Ministry of the Interior) which remained the German Ministry of the Interior during the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany . From 1923 until 1945, the ministry published the government gazette, which was entitled the Reichsministerialblatt (RMBl). On 1 November 1934 it was united with the Prussian Ministry of the Interior as
112-482: The Interior An interior ministry (also called a ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs ) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy , public security and law enforcement . In some states, the interior ministry is entrusted with the functions of ensuring national security , immigration issues and protecting places of detention . Structurally, an interior ministry
128-520: The Joint Anti-Terrorism Center formed in 2004 which is an information-sharing and analytical forum for all German police and intelligence agencies involved in the fight against terrorism. The minister is supported by two parliamentary state secretaries and five state secretaries who manage the ministry's various departments. state secretaries #1 and #2 state secretary #3 state secretary #4 state secretary #5 Ministry of
144-437: The directly elected head of government appoints the ministers. The ministers can be directly elected by the voters. In this context, the executive consists of a leader or leader of an office or multiple offices. Specifically, the top leadership roles of the executive branch may include: In a presidential system , the leader of the executive is both the head of state and government. In some cases, such as South Korea , there
160-409: The executive is responsible to the elected legislature, which must maintain the confidence of the legislature or one part of it, if bicameral. In certain circumstances (varying by state), the legislature can express its lack of confidence in the executive, which causes either a change in governing party or group of parties or a general election. Parliamentary systems have a head of government (who leads
176-502: The executive, often called ministers ) normally distinct from the head of state (who continues through governmental and electoral changes). In the Westminster type of parliamentary system , the principle of separation of powers is not as entrenched as in some others. Members of the executive ( ministers ), are also members of the legislature, and hence play an important part in both the writing and enforcing of law. In presidential systems ,
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#1732855920596192-405: The key decisions and holds power. The scope of executive power varies greatly depending on the political context in which it emerges, and it can change over time in a given country. In democratic countries, the executive often exercises broad influence over national politics, though limitations are often applied to the executive. In political systems based on the separation of powers , such as
208-455: The source of certain types of law or law-derived rules, such as a decree or executive order . In those that use fusion of powers , typically parliamentary systems , such as the United Kingdom , the executive forms the government, and its members generally belong to the political party that controls the legislature. Since the executive requires the support and approval of the legislature,
224-474: The two bodies are "fused" together, rather than being independent. The principle of parliamentary sovereignty means powers possessed by the executive are solely dependent on those granted by the legislature, which can also subject its actions to judicial review. However, the executive often has wide-ranging powers stemming from the control of the government bureaucracy , especially in the areas of overall economic or foreign policy . In parliamentary systems,
240-556: Was controversial as some interpreted the term Heimat as old-fashioned or even nationalistic. The Ministry of the Interior is responsible for internal security and the protection of the constitutional order, for civil protection against disasters and terrorism, for displaced persons, administrative questions, and sports. It is host to the Standing Committee of Interior Ministers and also drafts all passport, identity card, firearms, and explosives legislation. The ministry also houses
256-694: Was managed by a Secretary of State , who from 1881 until 1916 also simultaneously held the office of Vice-Chancellor . The gazette for the publication of official notices was run by the Office from 1880. Entitled the Zentralblatt für das Deutsche Reich (ZBl), it had been published by the Reich Chancellery from 1873 until 1879. With the Law on the Provisional Imperial Government of 11 February 1919,
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