Creation of Freedom Summer
12-647: City of Oxford Other localities The Freedom Vote , also known as the Freedom Ballot , Mississippi Freedom Vote , Freedom Ballot Campaign , or the Mississippi Freedom Ballot , was a 1963 mock election organized in the U.S. state of Mississippi to combat disenfranchisement among African Americans. The effort was organized by the Council of Federated Organizations (COFO), a coalition of Mississippi's four most prominent civil rights organizations, with
24-898: A convention at the Masonic Temple in Jackson nominated Clarksdale, Mississippi , pharmacist and NAACP leader Aaron Henry for governor, and activist Edwin King for lieutenant governor. It was the first black-white integrated ticket for state leadership of Mississippi since Reconstruction era . From October 14 to November 4, volunteers worked to spread information about the Freedom Vote as widely as possible amongst voters. Beginning on November 2, polling stations set up in barber shops, churches, drug stores in black neighborhoods and began accepting ballots. When polling concluded on November 4, 78,869 ballots had been submitted by blacks across Mississippi, four times
36-490: A painting of one of the inmates. In the painting, which is not very subversive to the status quo , is a red flag-like banner that reads "Liberty of the Subject", whilst showing some chaotic frivolity and sherry glasses, and a gilt or bronze-tipped policeman's truncheon with a decorative bow. Turnkeys (guards) participated in the revelry but the governor faced censure and questions in parliament. Status quo Status quo
48-404: A society or nation. Advocating to improve the status quo is a persuasive rhetorical device . This is sometimes critiqued as a policy of deliberate ambiguity as not formalizing or defining the adverse situation. Economist Clark Kerr reportedly said: "The status quo is the only solution that cannot be vetoed ." Karl Marx viewed organized religion as a means for the bourgeoisie to keep
60-436: Is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs , particularly with regard to social, economic, legal, environmental, political, religious, scientific or military issues. In the sociological sense, the status quo refers to the current state of social structure or values. With regard to policy debate, it means how conditions are contrasted with a possible change. For example: "The countries are now trying to maintain
72-426: Is an election for educational demonstration, amusement, or political protest reasons to call for free and fair elections . Less precisely it can refer to a real election purely for advisory (essentially without power) committees or forums such as some student councils, particularly those that chiefly emulate a real legislative body. Secondary schools sometimes organize mock elections to introduce young people to
84-661: The Bhutanese general election in 2008, a mock election was held on April 21, 2007, to prepare the Bhutanese for the imminent change to democracy. This election featured 4 pretend political parties and randomly-selected high school students as candidates. In the United Kingdom before the Great Reform Act 1832 a mock election is known to have been held in the grounds of a notable debtors' prison , Kings Bench Prison in 1827, shown by
96-636: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) taking a leading role. By the end of the campaign, over 78,000 Mississippians had participated. The Freedom Vote directly led to the creation of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP). In addition to a poll tax , the Mississippi voting registration procedure in 1963 required Mississippians to fill out a 21-question registration form and to answer, to
108-432: The status quo with regard to their nuclear arsenals." To maintain the status quo is to keep things the way they presently are. The related phrase status quo ante , literally 'the status before', refers to the state of affairs that existed previously. The status quo may be changed via social movements . These seek to alleviate or prevent a particular issue and often to shape social feeling and cultural expression of
120-476: The concept of elections before they have reached their voting age . The elections aim to give the participants an understanding of democracy , the role of government and parliament. The experience helps encourage future young voters to cast a ballot. They can have real or fake candidates depending on the school and what the mock election is for. As a way to introduce democratic elections in Bhutan , in preparation for
132-550: The number of blacks registered to vote. The Freedom Vote accomplished four goals: It protested the exclusion of blacks by the Mississippi Democratic Party , educated black Mississippians about how to register and vote, proved that black Mississippians were interested in voting and interested in change, and helped attract the attention of the federal administration to the fact that voting rights were being violated in Mississippi. Mock election A mock election
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#1732852307668144-584: The satisfaction of the white registrars, a question on the interpretation of any one of the 285 sections of the state's constitution. As a result, African-Americans made up a large portion of the voting-age population yet only a small fraction of them were registered; in Mississippi's 2nd Congressional District , despite making up more than half of the total adult population, fewer than 3% of eligible black voters were registered. Statewide, between 5% and 6% of eligible blacks were registered to vote. On October 6, 1963,
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